WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.

VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

BI TP HU C HAY V KH PHN LOI CAO

Cu 1: Este A to bi 2 axit cacboxylic X,Y u mch h khng phn nhnh v ancol Z. X

phng ha hon ton a gam A bng 140ml dung dch NaOH tM cn dng 80ml dung dch
HCl 0,25M trung ha va lng NaOH d thu c dung dch B.C cn B thu c b
gam hn hp mui khan N. Nung N trong NaOH khan d c thm CaO thu c cht rn R
v hn hp kh K gm 2 RH c t khi vi oxi l 0,625. Dn K li qua nc Brom thy c
5,376 lt 1 kh thot ra, cho ton b R tc dng vi axit H2SO4 long d thy c 8,064 lt kh
CO2 sinh ra, Bit rng t chy hon ton 2,76 gam Z cn dng 2,352 lt oxi sinh ra nc
CO2 c t l khi lng 6:11 . Gi tr a gn nht vi :
A. 26

B. 27

C. 28

D. 29

Cu 2 : Hn hp P gm ancol A, axit cacoxylic B (u no, n chc, mch h) v este C to

ra t A v B. t chy hon ton m gam P cn dng va 0,18 mol O2, sinh ra 0,14 mol
CO2. Cho m gam P trn vo 500ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M un nng, sau khi kt thc cc
phn ng thu c dung dch Q. C cn dung dch Q cn li 3,68 gam cht rn khan. Ngi
ta cho thm bt CaO v 0,48 gam NaOH vo 3,68 gam cht rn khan trn ri nung trong bnh
kn (chn khng).Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton.Thu c a gam kh.Gi tr ca a gn
nht vi :
A.0,85 (gam)

B. 1,25 (gam)

C. 1,45 (gam)

D. 1,05 (gam)

Cu 3: Hn hp X gm C3H8O3(glixerol), CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH v H2O. Cho m gam

X tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 (lt) kh H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X thu
c 11,34 gam H2O.Bit trong X glixerol chim 25% v s mol.Gi tr ng ca m gn
nht vi :
A. 10.

B. 11.

C. 12.

D. 13.

Cu 4 : un nng 0,045 mol hn hp A cha hai peptit X, Y (c s lin kt peptit hn km

nhau 1 lin kt) cn va 120ml KOH 1M , thu c hn hp Z cha 3 mui ca Gly, Ala,
Val trong mui ca Gly chim 33,832% v khi lng.Mt khc, t chy hon ton
13,68 gam A cn dng 14,364 lt kh O2 (ktc) thu c hn hp kh v hi trong tng
khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 31,68 gam.Phn trm khi lng mui ca Ala trong Z gn
nht vi:
A.45%

SU TM

B.50%

C.55%

D.60%

Page 1

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 5: Hn hp kh X gm 0,5 mol H2 v 0,3 mol buta 1,3 - ien. Nung X mt thi gian
vi xc tc Ni thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 21,5. Dn hn hp Y qua dung
dch brom d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng brom tham gia phn ng l:
A. 8 gam.

B. 16 gam.

C. 32 gam.

D. 24 gam.

Cu 6 : X l hn hp cha 3 ancol v m gam X c s mol l 0,34 mol.Cho Na d vo m gam

X th thy thot ra 13,44 lt kh H2 (ktc).Mt khc,t chy ht m gam X thu c 52,8 gam
CO2. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.Gi tr ca m l :
A. 36,68

B. 34,72

C. 38,42

D. 32,86

Cu 7: Tripeptit X v tetrapeptit Y u mch h. Khi thy phn hon ton hn hp X v Y

ch to ra c mt amino axit duy nht c cng thc H2NCnH2nCOOH. t chy 0,01 mol X
trong oxi d cho sn phm chy vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, thu c m gam kt ta. t
chy 0,05 mol Y trong oxi d, thu c N2 v 36,3 gam hn hp gm CO2, H2O. Bit cc
phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 17,73 gam.

B. 23,61 gam

C. 11,84 gam

D. 29,52 gam

Cu 8 : Chia 14,2 gam hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc thnh hai phn bng nhau. t
chy hon ton phn 1 thu c 15,4 gam CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Cho phn 2 tc dng vi
lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 43,2 gam bc. Tng s nguyn t trong cc
phn t ca X l:
A. 11

B. 12

C. 13

D. 14

Cu 9: Cho hn hp X gm 1 este n chc v 1 ancol bn, u mch h v c cng s

nguyn t cacbon.t chy hon ton m gam X, thu c 10,08 lt CO2(ktc) v 7,2 gam
H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam X tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 0,1 mol ancol. Gi tr m l:
A. 9,4

B. 9,7

C. 9,0

D. 8,5

Cu 10: Cho X,Y l hai axit cacboxylic n chc, no mch h (MX<MY); T l este hai chc
to bi X,Y v mt ancol no mch h Z. t chy hon ton 8,58 gam hn hp E gm X,Y,T
bng mt lng va O2, thu c 7,168 lt CO2 v 5,22 gam nc.Mt khc 8,58 gam E
tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 17,28 gam Ag. Khi lng cht rn khan
thu c khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 1M l:
A.12,08

B. 11,04

C. 12,08

D. 9,06

Cu 11: t chy hon ton 29,16 gam hn hp X gm RCOOH, C2H3COOH, v (COOH)2

thu c m gam H2O v 21,952 lt CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, 29,16 gam hn hp X phn ng
hon ton vi NaHCO3 d thu c 11,2 lt (ktc) kh CO2.Gi tr ca m l
SU TM

Page 2

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

A. 10,8 gam.

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

B. 9,0 gam.

C. 12,6 gam.

2016

D. 8,1 gam.

Cu 12: Hn hp X cha 4 hydrocacbon u th kh c s nguyn t cacbon lp thnh cp

s cng v c cng s nguyn t hydro. Nung nng 6,72 lt hn hp E cha X v H2 c mt
Ni lm xc tc thu c hn hp F c t khi so vi He bng 9,5. Dn ton b F qua bnh
ng dung dch Br2 d thy khi lng Br2 phn ng l a mol; ng thi khi lng bnh
tng 3,68 gam. Kh thot ra khi bnh (hn hp kh T) c th tch l 1,792 lt ch cha cc
hydrocacbon. t chy ton b T thu c 4,32 gam nc. Cc kh u o ktc. Gi tr ca
a l:
A.0,12 mol

B. 0,14 mol

C. 0,13 mol

D. 0,16

mol
Cu 13: Hn hp A gm mt axit n chc,mt ancol n chc v 1 este n chc (Cc cht
trong A u c nhiu hn 1C trong phn t).t chy hon ton m gam A ri hp th sn
phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy c 135 gam kt ta xut hin.ng
thi khi lng dung dch gim 58,5 gam.Bit s mol ancol trong m gam A l 0,15.Cho Na
d vo m gam A thy c 2,8 lt kh (ktc) thot ra.Mt khc m gam A tc dng va dung
dch cha 12 gam NaOH. Cho m gam A vo dung dch nc Brom d.Hi s mol Brom phn
ng ti a l :
A.0,4

B.0,6

C.0,75

D.0,7

Cu 14: Hn hp A gm mt axit no, h, n chc v hai axit khng no, h, n chc (gc
hirocacbon cha mt lin kt i), k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho A tc dng hon
ton vi 150 ml dung dch NaOH 2,0 M. trung ha va ht lng NaOH d cn thm vo
100 ml dung dch HCl 1,0 M c dung dch D. C cn cn thn D thu c 22,89 gam cht
rn khan. Mt khc t chy hon ton A ri cho ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo bnh
ng lng d dung dch NaOH c, khi lng bnh tng thm 26,72 gam. Phn trm khi
lng ca axit khng no c khi lng phn t nh hn trong hn hp A l
A. 35,52%

B. 40,82%

C. 44,24%

D. 22,78%

Cu 15: Hn hp X cha 0,08 mol axetylen; 0,06 mol axetandehit; 0,09 mol
vinylaxetylen v 0,16 mol hidro. Nung X vi xc tc Ni sau mt thi gian th thu c hn
hp Y c t khi hi so vi H2 l 21,13. Dn Y i qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d phn
ng xy ra hon ton th thu c m gam Z gm 4 kt ta c s mol bng nhau, hn hp kh
T thot ra sau phn ng lm mt mu va ht 30ml dung dch brom 0,1M. Gi tr ca m gn
gi tr no nht sau y
SU TM

Page 3

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

A. 27.

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

B. 29.

2016

C. 26.

D. 25.

Cu 16 : Hn hp X gm 3 peptit A,B,C u mch h c tng khi lng l m v c t l s

mol l n A : n B : n C 2 : 3 : 5.Thy phn hon ton X thu c 60 gam Glyxin ; 80,1gam
Alanin v 117 gam Valin.Bit s lin kt peptit trong C,B,A theo th t to nn 1 cp s cng
c tng l 6. Gi tr ca m l :
A.226,5

B.262,5

C.256,2

D.252,2

Cu 17: Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp hai este n chc mch h A,B (MA < MB)
trong 700 ml dung dch KOH 1M thu c dung dch X v hn hp Y gm 2 ancol l ng
ng lin tip.Thc hin tch nc Y trong H2SO4 c 1400 C thu c hn hp Z.Trong Z
tng khi lng ca cc ete l 8,04 gam (Hiu sut ete ha ca cc ancol u l 60%).C cn
dung dch X c 54,4 gam cht rn. Nung cht rn ny vi CaO cho n khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton, thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh T (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca A trong hn
hp ban u l:
A.66,89%

B.48,96

C.49,68

D.68,94

Cu 18: Cho hn A cha hai peptit X v Y u c to bi glyxin v alanin.Bit rng tng

s nguyn t O trong A l 13.Trong X hoc Y u c s lin kt peptit ln hn 4.un nng
0,7 mol A trong KOH th thy 3,9 mol KOH phn ng v thu c m gam mui.Mt khc t
chy hon ton 66,075 gam A ri cho sn phm hp th hon ton vo bnh cha Ca(OH)2
d.Thy khi lng bnh tng 147,825 gam.Gi tr ca m l :
A.560,1

B.470,1

C.520,2

D.490,6

Cu 19: t chy hon ton 0,13 mol hn hp X gm mt andehit v mt ancol u mch h

cn nhiu hn 0,27 mol O2 thu c 0,25 mol CO2 v 0,19 mol H2O.Mt khc,cho X phn
ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c m gam kt ta.Bit rng s nguyn t
H trong phn t ancol nh hn 8.Gi tr ln nht ca m l :
A.40,02

B. 58,68

C.48,48

D.52,42

Cu 20: Hn hp X gm mt anehit no n chc mch h v mt anehit khng no n

chc mch h ( trong phn t cha mt lin kt i C=C). Khi cho X qua dung dch brom d
n phn ng hon ton thy c 24 gam Br2 phn ng. t chy hon ton X th thu c 7,7
gam CO2 v 2,25 gam H2O. Nu cho hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong
NH3 n phn ng hon ton thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 16,2

SU TM

B. 27

C. 32,4

D. 21,6

Page 4

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 21: Cho X, Y l hai axit cacboxylic n chc mch h (MX < MY); T l este hai chc
to bi X, Y v mt ancol no mch h Z. t chy hon ton 6,88 gam hn hp E gm X, Y,
T bng mt lng va O2, thu c 5,6 lit CO2 (ktc) v 3,24 gam nc. Mt khc 6,88
gam E tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 12,96 gam Ag. Khi lng rn khan
thu c khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch KOH 1M l :
A. 10,54 gam

B. 14,04 gam

C. 12,78 gam

D. 13,66 gam

Cu 22 : Hn hp X gm metan, propan, etilen, buten c tng s mol l 0,57 mol tng khi
lng l m.t chy hon ton m gam X cn 54,88 lit O2 (ktc).Mt khc cho m gam X qua
dung dch Br2 d th thy s mol Br2 phn ng l 0,35 mol.Gi tr ca m l :
A. 22,28

B. 22,68

C. 24,24

D. 24,42

Cu 23 : Dng 19,04 lt khng kh ktc (O2 chim 20% v N2 chim 80% th tch) t
chy hon ton 3,21 gam hn hp A gm hai amoniaxit no,n chc k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng . Hn hp thu c sau phn ng em lm kh (hn hp B) ri dn qua dung dch
nc vi trong d thu 9,50 gam kt ta. Nu cho B vo bnh dung tch 2 lt, nhit 1270C
th p sut trong bnh lc ny l P(atm). Bit amoni axit khi chy sinh kh N2. Gi tr ca P
gn nht vi :
A.13

B.14

C.15

D.16

Cu 24 :Hn hp X gm mt peptit mch h A, mt peptit mch h B v mt peptit mch h

C (mi peptit c cu to t mt loi -aminoaxit, tng s nhm CONH trong 3 phn t
A, B, C l 9) vi t l s mol n A : n B : n C 2 :1: 3 .Bit s lin kt peptit trong A,B,C u ln
hn 1.Khi thy phn hon ton m gam X thu c 33,75 gam glyxin, 106,8 gam alanin v
263,25 gam Valin. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 349,8.

B. 348,9.

C. 384,9.

D. 394,8.

Cu 25: t chy hon ton 26,46 gam mt hp cht hu c X cha hai loi nhm chc cn
30,576 lt O2 (ktc).Thu c H2O, N2 v 49,28 gam CO2.Bit rng trong phn t X ch cha
1 nguyn t N.Mt khc,cho KOH d tc dng vi 26,46 gam X thu c hn hp Y cha 2
ancol Z,T l ng ng lin tip v m gam mui.Bit rng M Z M T

v M Y 39 .Gi tr

ca m l :
A.31,22

B.34,24

C.30,18

D.28,86

Cu 26: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u mch h

v c cng s nguyn t C, tng s mol ca hai cht l 0,5 mol (s mol ca Y ln hn s mol
ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 66 gam kh CO2 v 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khc,
SU TM

Page 5

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

nu un nng M vi H2SO4 c thc hin phn ng este ho (hiu sut l 75 %) th s gam

este thu c l
A. 17,10.

B. 18,24.

C. 25,65.

D. 30,40.

Cu 27: t chy hon ton 38,5 gam hn hp X cha andehitaxetic, propanol, propan 1,2
iol v etanol (trong s mol ca propanol v propan 1,2 iol bng nhau).Ngi ta hp
th hon ton sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy xut hin 170 gam
kt ta trng v khi lng bnh tng Phong gam.Gi tr ca Phong l :
A.114,4

B.116,2

C.115,3

D.112,6

Cu 28: t chy hon ton 29,064 gam hn hp gm HOC CHO ,axit acrylic, vinyl axetat
v metyl metacrylat ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo bnh 1 ng dung dch H2SO4 c,
bnh 2 ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 13,608 gam, bnh 2 xut hin
Phong gam kt ta. Gi tr ca Phong l:
A. 318,549.

B. 231,672.

C. 220,64.

D. 232,46.

Cu 29: t chy hon ton 5,16 gam hn hp X gm cc ancol

CH 3OH, C 2 H5 OH, C3H 7 OH, C 4 H9 OH , bng mt lng kh O2 (va ).Thu c 12,992
lt hn hp kh v hi ktc.Sc ton b lng kh v hi trn vo bnh ng dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng dung dch trong bnh gim m gam.Gi tr ca m l :
A. 7,32

B. 6,46

C. 7,48

D. 6,84

Cu 30: Ba cht hu c X, Y, Z (50 < MX < MY < MZ) u c thnh phn nguyn t C, H, O.
Hn hp T gm X, Y, Z, trong nX = 4(nY + nZ). t chy hon ton m gam T, thu c
13,2 gam CO2. Mt khc m gam T phn ng va vi 0,4 lt dung dch KHCO3 0,1M. Cho
m gam T phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 56,16 gam
Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca Y trong hn hp T l:
A. 22,26 %.

B. 67,90%.

C. 74,52%.

D. 15,85%.

Cu 31: t chy hon ton 24,4 gam hn hp X gm C3H6, C3H8, C4H10, CH3CHO,
CH2=CH-CHO cn va 49,28 lt kh O2 (ktc).Sau phn ng thu c 28,8 gam H2O.Mt
khc,ly ton b lng X trn sc vo dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thy xut hin m gam kt
ta (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton).Gi tr ca m l :
A. 21,6

B. 32,4

C. 43,2

D. 54,0

Cu 32: Hn hp A gm mt amin n chc, mt anken, mt ankan.t chy hon ton

12,95 gam hn hp cn V lt O2 (ktc) thu c 19,04 lt CO2 (ktc) , 0,56 lt N2 (ktc) v m
gam H2O.Gi tr ca m l :
SU TM

Page 6

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

A. 18,81

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

B. 19,89

C. 19,53

2016

D. 18,45

Cu 33: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt amin no,mch h X bng O2 va thu c 1,4
mol hn hp kh v hi c tng khi lng m gam.Gi tr ca m l :
A. 34,2

B. 37,6

C. 38,4

D. 33,8

Cu 34 : un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 1 mol CH3COOH v 2 mol C2H5OH t oC

(trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,6 mol HCOOC2H5
v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5. Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 4 mol CH3COOH v a
mol C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol HCOO C2H5.
Gi tr a l?
A. 12,88 mol

B. 9,97 mol

C. 12,32 mol

D. 6,64 mol

Cu 35: Hn hp X gm C3H8O3(glixerol), CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH v H2O. Cho m gam

X tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 (lt) kh H2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X thu
c 11,34 gam H2O.Bit trong X glixerol chim 25% v s mol.Gi tr ng ca m gn
nht vi :
A. 10.

B. 11.

C. 12.

D. 13.

Cu 36: Hn hp X gm nhiu ancol, andehit v axit u mch h.Cho NaOH d vo m gam

X thy c 0,2 mol NaOH phn ng.Nu cho Na d vo m gam X th thy c 12,32 lt kh H2
(ktc) bay ra.Cho m gam X vo dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thy c 43,2 gam kt ta xut
hin.Mt khc,t chy hon ton m gam X thu c 57,2 gam CO2.Bit cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton,tng s mol cc ancol trong X l 0,4 mol, trong X khng cha HCHO v
HCOOH.Gi tr ng ca m gn nht vi :
A.40

B.41

C.42

D.43

Cu 37: Hn hp M gm mt peptit mch h X v mt peptit mch h Y (mi peptit c

cu to t mt loi -aminoaxit, tng s nhm CONH trong 2 phn t X, Y l 5) vi t l
s mol nX : nY = 1 : 3. Khi thy phn hon ton m gam M thu c 81 gam glyxin v 42,72
gam alanin. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 104,28.

B. 116,28.

C. 109,5.

D. 110,28.

Cu 38: Khi chng ct nha than , ngi ta thu c mt phn on l hn hp cha

phenol, anilin ha tan trong ankylbenzen (gi l dung dch A). Sc kh hiroclorua n d
vo 100 ml dung dch A th thu c 1,295 gam kt ta. Nh t t nc brom vo 100 ml
dung dch A v lc k cho n khi ngng to kt ta trng th thy ht 300 gam nc brom
3,2%, bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Nng mol/l ca phenol trong dung dch A l:
SU TM

Page 7

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

A. 0,2M.

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

B. 0,1M.

C. 0,6M.

2016

D. 0,3M.

Cu 39: Cho mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc C2H10N2O3. Cho 11 gam cht X tc dng
vi mt dung dch c cha 12 gam NaOH, un nng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu
c hn hp Y gm hai kh u c kh nng lm i mu qu tm m v dung dch Z. C
cn Z thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 24,6.

B. 10,6.

C. 14,6.

D. 28,4.

Cu 40: Cho 0,05 mol mt amino axit (X) c cng thc H2NCnH2n-1(COOH)2 vo 100ml dung
dch HCl 1,0M th thu c mt dung dch Y. Cho Y tc dng va vi mt dung dch Z c
cha ng thi NaOH 1M v KOH 1M, th thu c mt dung dch T, c cn T thu c 16,3
gam mui, bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Phn trm v khi lng ca cacbon trong phn
t X l:
A. 32,65.

B. 36,09.

C. 24,49.

D. 40,81.

Cu 41: Cho mt ankan X c cng thc C7H16, crackinh hon ton X thu c hn hp kh
Y ch gm ankan v anken. T khi hi ca Y so vi H2 c gi tr trong khong no sau y?
A. 10,0 n 25,0.

B. 12,5 n 25,0.

C. 25,0 n 50,0.

D. 10,0 n 12,5.

Cu 42: Mt loi kh thin nhin (X) c thnh phn phn trm v th tch nh sau: 85,0%
metan, 10,0% etan, 2,0% nit, 3,0% cacbon ioxit. Bit rng: khi t chy 1 mol metan, 1 mol
etan th lng nhit thot ra tng ng l 880,0 kJ v 1560,0 kJ, nng 1ml nc ln thm 10C
cn 4,18 J. Th tch kh X iu kin tiu chun dng un nng 100,0 lt nc t 200C ln
1000C l:
A. 985,6 lt.

B. 982,6 lt.

C. 828,6 lt.

D. 896,0 lt.

Cu 43: Hn hp X gm mt anehit, mt axit cacboxylic v mt este (trong axit v este

l ng phn ca nhau). t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X cn 0,625 mol O2, thu c 0,525
mol CO2 v 0,525 mol nc. Tnh phn trm khi lng ca anehit c trong khi lng hn
hp X?
A. 26,29%.

B. 21,60%.

C. 32,40%.

D. 23,07%.

Cu 44: Hn hp X gm mt ancol A v hai sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca X

so vi hiro bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s cha CuO d nung nng. Sau khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng cht
rn trong ng s gim 3,2 gam. Cho Y tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam kim loi Ag. Phn trm s mol ca ancol bc hai trong X l:
A. 37,5%.
SU TM

B. 62,5%.

C. 48,9%.

D. 51,1%.
Page 8

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 45: Cho hn hp X gm gm cht Y C2 H10 O3 N2 v cht Z C2H7 O2 N. Cho 14,85 gam X

phn ng va vi lng dung dch NaOH un nng, thu c dung dch M v 5,6 lt
(ktc) hn hp T gm 2 kh ( u lm xanh qu tm tm nc ct). C cn ton b dung dch
M thu c m gam mi khan. Gi tr ca m c th l:
A. 12,5

B. 11,8

C. 10,6

D. 14,7

Cu 46: t chy hon ton 16,4 gam hn hp M gm hai axit cacbonxylic n chc X, Y
v mt este n chc Z thu c 0,75 mol CO2 v 0,5 mol H2 O. Mt khc 24,6 gam hn hp
M trn tc dng ht vi 160 gam dung dch NaOH 10%. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c N. C cn ton b dung dch N, thu c m gam cht rn khan CH3 OH v
146,7 gam H2 O. Coi H2 O bay hi khng ng k trong phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. Gi tr
ca m l:
A. 31,5

B. 33.1

C. 36,3

D. 29,1

Cu 47: Oligopeptit mch h X c to nn t cc -amino axit u c cng thc dng

H2NCxHyCOOH . t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn dng va 1,875 mol O2, ch thu
c N2; 1,5 mol CO2 v 1,3 mol H2O. Mt khc, thy phn hon ton 0,025 mol X bng 400
ml dung dch NaOH 1M v ung nng , thu c dung dch Y. C cn cn thn ton b dung
dch Y thu c m gam cht rn khan. S lin kt peptit trong X v gi tr ca m ln lt l:
A. 9 v 27,75

B. 10 v 33,75

C. 9 v 33,75

D. 10 v 27,75

Th thut khi thi trc nghim:

Cu 48: Hn hp X gm etanol, propan1ol, butan1ol, pentan1ol. Oxi ha khng hon
ton mt lng X bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c H2 O v hn hp Y gm
4 anehit tng ng v 4 ancol d. t chy hon ton Y cn dng va 1,875 mol O2, thu
c thu c 1,35 mol kh CO2, v H2 O. Mt khc, cho ton b lng Y trn phn ng vi
lng d dung dc AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 64,8

B. 27,0

C. 32,4

D. 43,2

Cu 49. Hn hp T gm ba cht hu c X, Y, Z (50 < MX < MY < MZ v u to nn t cc

nguyn t C, H, O). t chy hon ton m gam T thu c H2O v 2,688 lt kh CO2 (ktc).
Cho m gam T phn ng vi dung dch NaHCO3 d, thu c 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt
khc, cho m gam T phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c
10,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,6.
SU TM

B. 4,8.

C. 5,2.

D. 4,4.
Page 9

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 50. X phng ho hon ton m gam mt este no, n chc, mch h E bng 26 gam
dung dch MOH 28% (M l kim loi kim). C cn hn hp sau phn ng thu c 24,72
gam cht lng X v 10,08 gam cht rn khan Y. t chy hon ton Y, thu c sn phm
gm CO2, H2O v 8,97 gam mui cacbonat khan. Mt khc, cho X tc dng vi Na d, thu
c 12,768 lt kh H2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng mui trong Y c gi tr gn nht vi
A. 67,5.

B. 85,0.

C. 80,0.

D. 97,5.

Cu 51. un nng 0,16 mol hn hp E gm hai peptit X (CxHyOzN6) v Y (CnHmO6Nt) cn

dng 600 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M ch thu c dung dch cha a mol mui ca alanin v b
mol mui ca glyxin. Mt khc t chy 30,73 gam E trong O2 va thu c hn hp
CO2, H2O v N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v nc l 69,31 gam. Gi tr b : a gn
nht vi
A. 0,730.

B. 0,810.

C. 0,756.

D. 0,962.

Cu 52. Ancol X (MX = 76) tc dng vi axit cacboxylic Y thu c hp cht Z mch h (X
v Y u ch c mt loi nhm chc). t chy hon ton 17,2 gam Z cn va 14,56 lt
kh O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l s mol tng ng l 7 : 4. Mt khc, 17,2 gam
Z li phn ng va vi 8 gam NaOH trong dung dch. Bit Z c cng thc phn t trng
vi cng thc n gin nht. S cng thc cu to ca Z tha mn l
A. 1.

B. 3.

C. 2.

D. 4.

Cu 53: Mt loi kh gas dng trong sinh hot c hm lng phn trm theo khi lng nh
sau: butan 99,40% cn li l pentan. Nhit chy ca cc cht ln lt l 2654kJ v 3,6.106J
(3,6. mi m 6) v nng nhit ca 1 gam nc (D = 1g/mL) ln 10C cn 4,16J. Khi
lng gas cn dung un si 1L nc ni trn t 250C 1000C l
A. 5,55 gam

B. 6,66 gam

C. 6,81 gam

D. 5,81 gam

Cu 54: Hn hp A gm 0,3 mol hai ancol ng ng lin tip.t chy hon ton A thu
c 0,5 mol CO2.Mt khc oxi ha A th thu c hn hp B gm cc axit v andehit
tng ng (Bit 60 % lng ancol bin thnh andehit phn cn li bin thnh axit).Cho B
vo dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 d thu c m gam Ag.Gi tr ca m l :
A.38,88 gam

B.60,48 gam

C.51,84 gam

D.64,08 gam

Cu 55: Hn hp X gm axit C2H5COOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 26,8 gam

hn hp X tc dng vi 27,6 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp
este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 75%). Gi tr ca m l :
A. 28,5.
SU TM

B. 38,0.

C. 25,8.

D. 26,20.
Page 10

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 56: Hn hp A gm ba peptit mch h X, Y, Z c t l mol tng ng l 2 : 3 : 4. Thy

phn hon ton m gam A thu c hn hp sn phm gm 21,75 gam Glyxin v 16,02 gam
Alanin. Bit s lin kt peptit trong phn t X nhiu hn trong Z v tng s lin kt peptit
trong ba phn t X, Y, Z nh hn 17. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 30,93.

B. 30,57.

C. 30,21.

D. 31.29.

Cu 57:Cho hn hp X gm CH3CHO, HOC CHO , HOC CH 2 CHO ,

HO CH2 CH2 OH , HOC CH(OH) CH(OH) CHO .Cho 0,5 mol X tc dng vi
AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 151,2 gam Ag.Mt khc,hidro ha hon ton 0,5 mol X ri cho ton
b sn phm tc dng vi K d thu c 12,32 lt kh (ktc).Nu t chy hon ton Phong
gam X cn va 58,24 lt O2 (ktc) v 114,4 gam CO2.Gi tr ca Phong l :
A.40,4

B.80,8

C.68,8

D.70,8

Cu 58:Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp hai este n chc mch h A,B (MA < MB)
trong 700 ml dung dch KOH 1M thu c dung dch X v hn hp Y gm 2 ancol l ng
ng lin tip.Thc hin tch nc Y trong H2SO4 c 140 0 C thu c hn hp Z.Trong Z
tng khi lng ca cc ete l 8,04 gam (Hiu sut ete ha ca cc ancol u l 60%).C cn
dung dch X c 54,4 gam cht rn. Nung cht rn ny vi CaO cho n khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton, thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh T (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca A trong hn
hp ban u l Phong (%).Gi tr ca Phong gn nht vi :
A.70%

B.67%

C.68%

D.69%

Cu 59: un nng m gam hn hp gm a mol tetrapeptit mch h X v 2a mol tripeptit

mch h Y vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ). Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c cn
dung dch thu c 10,26 gam mui khan ca cc amino axit u c mt nhm -COOH v
mt nhm -NH2 trong phn t. Gi tr ca m l
A. 6,80

B. 4,48

C. 7,22

D. 6,26

Cu 60: Hn hp kh X gm 0,3 mol C2H4; 0,15 mol C2H2 v 0,5 mol H2. un nng X vi
xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 13,3. Hn hp
Y phn ng ti a vi x mol Br2 trong dung dch. Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,1

B. 0,15

C. 0,25

D. 0,3

Cu 61. t chy hon ton 29,6 gam hn hp X gm CH3COOH; CxHyCOOH v (COOH)2

thu c 0,8 mol H2O v m gam CO2. Mt khc cng 29,6 gam X khi tc dng vi lng d
NaHCO3 thu c 0,5 mol CO2. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 44 gam
SU TM

B. 22 gam

C. 11 gam

D. 33 gam
Page 11

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 62. t chy hon ton mt este n chc, mch h X (phn t c s lin kt nh hn

3), thu c th tch kh CO2 bng 6/7 th tch kh O2 phn ng (cc th tch kh o cng
iu kin). Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch KOH 0,7M thu c
dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c 12,88 gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 7,20.

B. 6,66.

C. 8,88.

D. 10,56.

Do s lin kt nh hn 3.Nn ta c hai trng hp ngay :

Cu 63. Cht hu c X mch h c dng H2N R COOR (R, R l cc gc hidrocacbon),
thnh phn % v khi lng ca Nito trong X l 15,73%. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton
vi dung dch NaOH, ton b lng ancol sinh ra cho tc dng ht vi CuO (un nng) c
andehit Y (ancol ch b oxi ha thnh andehit). Cho ton b Y tc dng vi mt lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 12,96 gam Ag kt ta. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 3,56.

B. 5,34 .

C. 4,45.

D. 2,67.

Cu 64: Cho m gam hn hp (X) gm cc ancol no mch h ng ng ca nhau chy hon

ton trong O2 th thu c 0,5 mol CO2 v 0,7 mol H2O. Cng m gam X tc dng vi Na d
th thu c a gam mui. Gi tr ln nht ca a l :
A. 28,4.

B. 26,4.

C. 26,2.

D. 22,6.

Cu 65. t chy hon ton 13,36 gam hn hp X gm axit metacrylic, axit adipic, axit
axetic v glixerol (trong s mol axit metacrylic bng s mol axi axetic) bng O2 d, thu
c hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Dn Y vo dung dch cha 0,38 mol Ba(OH)2, thu c
49,25 gam kt ta v dung dch Z. un nng Z li thy xut hin kt ta. Cho 13,36 gam hn
hp X tc dng vi 140 ml dung dch KOH 1M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, c
cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l
A. 18,68 gam

B. 19,04 gam

C. 14,44 gam

D. 13,32 gam

Cu 66. Cho X, Y l hai cht thuc dy ng ng ca axit acrylic v MX < MY; Z l ancol
c cng s nguyn t cacbon vi X; T l este hai chc to bi X, Y v Z. t chy hon ton
11,16 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, Z, T cn va 13,216 lt kh O2 (ktc) , thu c kh CO2
v 9,36 gam nc. Mt khc 11,16 gam E tc dng ti a vi dung dch cha 0,04 mol Br2.
Khi lng mui thu c khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi KOH d l :
A. 5,44 gam

B. 5,04 gam

C. 5,80 gam

D. 4,68 gam.

Cu 67. Mt bnh kn ch cha cc cht sau : axetilen (0,5 mol), vinylaxetylen (0,4 mol),
hidro (0,65 mol) v mt t bt niken. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, thu c hn hp kh X
c t khi so vi H2 bng 19,5. Kh X phn ng va vi 0,7 mol AgNO3 trong dung dch
SU TM

Page 12

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

NH3, thu c m gam kt ta v 10,08 lt hn hp kh Y (ktc). Kh Y phn ng ti a vi

0,55 mol Br2 trong dung dch. Gi tr ca m l :
A. 91,8.

B. 76,1.

C. 92,0.

D. 75,9.

Cu 68. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt ancol n chc trong 0,7 mol O2 (d) thu c tng
s mol cc kh v hi bng 1 mol. Khi lng ancol ban u en t chy l :
A. 7,4 gam

B. 8,6 gam.

C. 6,0 gam

D. 9,0 gam.

GII CHI TIT

Cu 1:Chn p n C

CO2 :11a(gam) BTKL

CO : 0,09

2, 76 0,105.32 6a 11a a 0,36 2

H 2 O : 6a(gam)
H 2 O : 0,12

t Z :

BTNT.O

Z : C 3 H 5 OH 3

CO2

0,36

CH 2 OOC CH 3
CH 4 : 0,24

K 20
A CH OOC CH3
RH : 0,12
CH OOC CH CH
2
2

a 0,12.230 27,6(gam)
Cu 2 : Chn p n A
CO 2 : 0,14(mol)
Chy
Ta c : M

H 2O : a(mol)
BTNT.O
M

n trong
0,18.2 0,14.2 a
O

n Otrong M a 0, 08

ancol
n trong
n ancol n H2O n CO2 a 0,14
O
BTNT.O
n Otrong Y Z n Otrong M n Otrong ancol a 0, 08 (a 0,14) 0, 06(mol)
Do :

RCOONa : 0, 03 BTKL
trong M
NaOH
n ax
3,68

R 29
it este 0, 03
NaOH : 0, 02
CaO
N 0, 012 NaOH
0, 03 mol C2 H 6

C 2 H 5COOH

a 0, 03.30 0, 9(gam)

Cu 3: Chn p n B
Na
BTNT
X
n H2 0,15
n H 0,3 a 0, 25.a.2 a 0,2(mol)
Ta c : n X a(mol)
Chy
n H2 O 0,63
X

SU TM

Page 13

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

V glixerol chim 25% v s mol nn ta tng tng tch ancol a chc ny ra thnh
C H O : 0, 25a(mol)
T ch
C 3 H8O3
3 8
O O : 0,25a(mol)

C n H 2 n 2 O
C n H 2 n
Na
Quy i
: a(mol)
a 0,2(mol)

Khi X H 2O
H 2 O : a(mol)

O O : 0, 25a(mol)
CO 2 : 0, 43(mol)
Chy (n CO 2 n H 2O )
Vy khi t chy X th C n H 2 n

H 2 O : 0,63 0, 2 0, 43(mol)
BTKL

m 0,2.18
2.32 11,22(gam)
0,

43.14

0,25.0,

H2 O

Anken

Oxi

Ch : T tng ca bi ton ny l quy X v Anken, H2O v O2.

Cu 4 : Chn p n B
n 0, 045
Nhn xt thy v A
nn E phi cha ipeptit v tripeptit.
0, 045.2 n KOH 0,12 0, 045.3

X(dipeptit) : a(mol)
a b 0, 045
a 0, 015(mol)
Gi s : A

Y(tripeptit) : b(mol) 2a 3b 0,12 b 0, 03(mol)

Vi th nghim 2 :
BTKL

13, 68 0, 64125.32 m N 31, 68 n N 0,18(mol)

BTNT.N

Phn 2 0,18
13, 68
=
=1,5 (ln) n A 0, 045(mol) m A
9,12(gam)
Phn1 0,12
1,5

BTKL

44x 18y 31, 68
CO 2 : x(mol)
x 0,5175(mol)
BTNT.O
31,68

2x

1,
5(0,12.2

0,
075)

0,
64125.2

y 0, 495(mol)
H 2 O : y(mol)

O trong A

Vi th nghim 1 :
BTKL

9,12 0, 015 0, 03.2 .18 0,12.56 m Z 0,12.18 m Z 15, 03(gam)

Z
n Trong
Gly K

0,33832.15, 03
0,045(mol)
75 1 39

Vy
BTNT.K
Gly K : 0, 045
0, 045 c d 0,12
c 0, 06(mol)

Z Ala K : c
BTNT.C

0,5175
2.0, 045 3c 5d
0,345 d 0, 015(mol)
Val K : d

1,5

SU TM

Page 14

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

%m Ala K

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

0, 06(89 1 39)
50, 7%
15, 03

Cu 5: Chn p n C
H : 0,5
17, 2
BTKL
Ta c : X 2

m X m Y 17, 2(gam) n Y
0, 4(mol)
2.21,5
C4 H 6 : 0,3
ng
n n Hphn
n X n Y 0,8 0, 4 0, 4(mol)
2
BTLK.
ng
phn ng
phn ng
phn ng

n LK. n Hphn
n Br
0,3.2 n Br
0, 2 m Br
32(gam)
2
2
2
2

Cu 6 : Chn p n A
n CO2 1, 2(mol)
Ta c :
nn X phi cha cc ancol no.
Trong X
Trong X
n

0,
6(mol)

1,
2(mol)
OH
C
H 2
BTKL
Khi
m m(C, H, O) 1,
2.12 1,
2.2
2.0,
34 1,
2.16 36, 68(gam)

Cu 7: Chn p n A
Gi aminoaxit l : C n H 2n 1O2 N

Y : C 4n H 8n 2 O5 N 4

O2
t Y : C 4n H 8n 2 O5 N 4
4nCO2 2N 2 4n 1 H 2O
BTKL

m CO2 m H2O 0,05.4n.44 0,05(4n 1).18 36,3

n3

BTNT.C
BTNT.C
Vy X c 9C trong phn t
n CO2 0, 01.9 0, 09
m 0, 09.197 17, 73

Cu 8 : Chn p n B
t chy phn
n CO 0,35(mol) BTKL
7,1 0,35.12 0, 25.2
X
1: 2

n Trong
nX
0,15(mol)
O
16
n H 2O 0, 25(mol)

0,35
2,33 Trong X c HCHO.
0,15

HCHO : a AgNO3 / NH3 a b 0,15

a 0, 05(mol)
Vi phn 2:

RCHO : b
4a 2b 0, 4 b 0,1(mol)
BTKL

M RCHO R 29

7,1 0, 05.30
56 R 27
0,1

CH 2 CH CHO

Cu 9: Chn p n A
CO2 : 0, 45(mol)
Chy
Ta c : X

H 2 O : 0, 4(mol)

SU TM

Page 15

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Nhn xt thy v s C trong cc cht nh nhau nn nu este thy phn ra ancol th :

n X n ancol 0,1 S C trong mi cht =

0, 45
4,5(V l)
0,1

n ancol 0,1
v s C trong mi cht l 3C.Li thy n este n CO2 n H2 O 0, 05

n este 0, 05
HCOOCH CH 2 : 0, 05(mol)
X
m 9, 4(gam)
CH 2 CH CH 2 OH : 0,1(mol)

Cu 10: Chn p n B
8,58 0,32.12 0, 29.2
n CO 0,32(mol) BTKL
E
t chy E: 2

n Trong

0, 26(mol)
O
16
n H 2O 0, 29(mol)
V E tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 c kt ta Ag nn X phi l HCOOH.
V cc axit no nn : n este n T n CO2 n H 2O 0,32 0, 29 0, 03(mol)
n este 0, 03(mol)
AgNO 3 /NH 3
Li c : E
n Ag 0,16(mol) Trong E
n HCOOH 0, 05(mol)

HCOOH : 0, 05(mol)

8,58 RCOOH : 0, 02(mol)

RCOO R ' OOCH : 0, 03(mol)

BTNT.O

BTKL

0, 05.46 0,02(R 45) 0, 03(44 45 R R ') 8, 58

R 29
5R 3R ' 271
C2 H 5COOH v
R ' 42

CH2 - OOCH
CH - OOCC2H5
CH3

BTKL

8,58 0,15.40 m 0,

07.18

0,

03.76

m 11, 04(gam)
H 2O

Ancol

Cu 11:Chn p n C
NaHCO3
Ta c : X
n CO2 0,5(mol) n COOH 0,5 n OTrong X 1(mol)
BTNT.C
t chy X : n CO2 0,98(mol)
n CTrong X 0,98(mol)

BTKL
X

mTrong
29,16 0,98.12 1.16 1, 4(gam)
H

BTNT.H

m 0, 7.18 12, 6(gam)

Cu 12: Chn p n C
SU TM

Page 16

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

m F 3, 68(gam) m T

Ta c :
H 2O : 0, 24
Chy
n

0,
08

0, 24 x 0, 08 x 0,16

CO 2 : x

BTKL

mT m(C, H) 0, 24.2 0,16.12 2, 4 m F 6, 08

n E 0,3
X : 0,16
6, 08 0,14.2

E
MX
36, 25 C 2,6875H 4
6, 08

0,16
H 2 : 0,14
n F 4.9,5 0,16

BTLK.

0,16.(2, 6875.2 2) 0,16.4 0,14.2 2a a 0,13 (mol)

Cu 13: Chn p n C
ancol : 0,15
CO2 :1,35

Ta c : Axit : 0,1
V
H 2 O : 0,95
Este : 0, 2

n Br2 0, 45.

17
0,1 0,75 mol
9
axit

1,35 0,95
17
k 1 k
0,45
9

(k l s lin kt trong A)

Chn C

Ch : S mol Brom ln nht khi c este dng HCOOR

Cu 14: Chn p n D
D : 22,89

RCOONa : 0, 2
m RCOONa 17, 04 R 18, 2
NaCl : 0,1

HC
m A 17, 04 0,1.1 0, 2.23 12, 64 m trong.A
12, 64 0, 2.16.2 6, 24
khong.no
0, 46 0,36 0,1
CO 2 : a
12a 2b 6, 24
a 0, 46 n axit
A O2 26, 72

no
H 2O : b 44a 18b 26, 72 b 0,36 n axit 0, 2 0,1 0,1

TH1: 12, 64

HCOOH : 0,1
RCOOH : 0,1

R 35, 4

CH 2 CH COOH : 0, 04
CH 2 CH CH 2 COOH : 0, 06

C p n D ri nn khng cn lm TH2 12, 64

C% 22, 78

CH 3COOH : 0,1
RCOOH : 0,1

Cu 15: Ch n p n B

CH CH : 0, 08
CH CHO : 0, 06
3
Ta c : X
CH C CH CH 2 : 0, 09
H 2 : 0,16
SU TM

Page 17

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

BTKL
ng

m X 9, 72 n Y 0, 23 n Hphn
0,16(mol)
2

Trong Y ta tng tng l chia thnh hai phn:

CH CH : a
CAg CAg : a
CH CHO : 0, 5a

3
Ag : a
AgNO3
Phn 1 :

m
CH C CH CH 2 : a
CAg C CH CH 2 : a
CH C CH 2 CH 3 : a
CAg C CH 2 CH 3 : a
Phn 2 : Gm anken, ankan, ancol, ankadien.Ta i bo ton lin kt pi vi ch l lng
ng
ng
n phn
n phn
0,16 0, 003 0,163(mol) s lm cho cc cht ny bin thnh no hon
H2
Br2

ton.Khi ta c ngay :
CH CH : 0, 08 a

Phn cha phn ng vi H2 CH 3CHO : 0, 06 0,5a

CH C CH CH : 0, 09 2a
2

V mt cht c phn ng vi H2 l : CH C CH 2 CH 3 : a
BTLK.

2(0, 08 a) (0, 06 0,5a) 3.(0, 09 2a) a 0,163 a 0, 0436

m 29,1248
Cu 16 :Chn p n A
lm bi ny mnh xin a ra mt k thut mang tn Lin hon k.Vi mc ch cui
cng l dn (ghp) nhiu peptit thnh 1 peptit tng hp.
K th nht l : Ko di mch peptit.
Ti sao phi lm vy ?Lm nh vy s mol 1 mt xch bng vi s mol peptit tng hp.
Cn ch g ? Khi ko di mch ra n ln th ta phi b i (n 1)H2O.
K th 2 l : Tnh s mol peptit tng hp da vo tng s mol mt xch.
K th 3 l : Dng BTKL kt hp vn dng linh hot s mol H2O.
Ta s x l bi ton trn nh sau :
K th nht l : Ko di mch peptit.
Ko di
A : 2a
a A A aH 2O

Ko di
Ghp
Ta c : B : 3a
a B B B 2aH 2O

a X 9aH 2O
n

Ko di
C
:
5a

a
C

4aH
O

K th 2 l : Tnh s mol peptit tng hp da vo tng s mol mt xch.

SU TM

Page 18

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

Gly : 0,8(mol)

Ta c : Ala : 0, 9(mol) n X 2, 7 a 0,1(mol)

Val :1(mol)

2016

n 27

K th 3 l : Dng BTKL kt hp vn dng linh hot s mol H2O.

BTKL

m 0,8.75

0,9.89
1.117

26.0,1.18 9.0,1.18 226,5(gam)

Amin oaxit

Cu 17: Chn p n D

n KOH 0, 7(mol)

Ta c :
n este 0, 7 0,3 0, 4(mol) n Y
0, 7
n T 0, 3(mol) 2 0,35
H2 O
n Tch
0, 4.60% 0, 24(mol)
Ancol

BTKL

MY

n ete n H 2O

8, 04 0,12.18
42,5
0, 24

0, 24
0,12(mol)
2

CH3OH : 0,1(mol)
Y
C 2 H 5OH : 0, 3(mol)

54, 4 0,3.56
RCOOK : 0, 4
Khi c cn X : 54, 4
M RCOOK
94 R 11
0, 4
KOH : 0,3
Khi xy ra hai trng hp :
HCOOK : 0,1 BTKL
37, 6 0,1.84
Trng hp 1 : 37, 6

M RCOOK
97,33 (Loi)
0,3
RCOOK : 0,3
Trng hp 2 :
HCOOK : 0,3 BTKL
37, 6 0, 3.84
37, 6

M RCOOK
124 R 41(C3H 5 )
0,1
RCOOK : 0,1
A : HCOOC2 H 5 : 0, 3
0,3.74
Vy : m
%HCOOC 2 H 5
68,94%
0, 3.74 0,1.100
B : C3H 5COOCH 3 : 0,1

Cu 18: Chn p n B
Trc ht ta tm s mt xch trong X v Y tng ng l n , m
Ta c :

1) (m

1)
O 13 2n 2m (n

Otrong H2 O

O trongH 2O

m 5
m n 11
n 6

X(m=5) : a(mol) BTNT.K a b 0, 7

a 0,3
n
3
Xem A

X
Y(n=6) : b(mol)
5a 6b 3,9 b 0, 4 n Y 4

SU TM

Page 19

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Khi :

NH 2 CH 2 COOH : x(mol)
X : 3c Ghp H2 O
66, 075

66, 075 18.(3c.4 4c.5)

CH 3 CH NH 2 COOH : y(mol)
Y : 4c
Khi c ngay

75x 89y 66, 075 576c

75x 89y 576c 66, 075

5x 7y

: 2x 3y .44
.18 576c 147,825 133x 195y 576c 147,825
2

x y 39c

3c.5 4c.6 x y

NH 2 CH 2 COOH : x 0, 45(mol)
NH 2 CH 2 COOH :1,8(mol)

CH 3 CH NH 2 COOH : y 0,525(mol) 0, 7 mol A

CH 3 CH NH 2 COOH : 2,1(mol)
c 0, 025

D thy 0,7 mol A c chia lm 4 phn c 66,075 gam A

BTKL

m 1,8. 75 1 39 2,1. 89 1 39 470,1

Cu 19: Chn p n C
Nhn xt :
+ H

0,38
2,923 4 S H trong phn t ancol bt k lun khng nh hn 4 nn chc chn
0,13

trong andehit c 2 nguyn t H.

+ C

0, 25
2 nn c hai trng hp xy ra.
0,13

CH OH : a BTNT.H a b 0,13
a 0, 06
Trng hp 1 : Nu X l 3

Andehit : b
4a 2b 0, 38 b 0, 07

V s mol O2 cn khi t > 0,27 nn andehit phi n chc.

BTKL

m X m(C, H, O) 0, 25.12 0,19.2 0,13.16 5, 46(gam)

M andehit

5, 46 0, 06.32
50,57 (V l).
0, 07

a b 0,13
a 0, 07

HCHO : a BTNT.H 2a 4b 0,38 b 0, 06

Trng hp 2 : Nu X l

a b 0,13
a 0,1
Ancol : b

2a 6b 0,38 b 0, 03

SU TM

Page 20

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

HCHO : 0, 07
Ag : 0, 07.4
m 40, 02
X
CH C CH 2 OH : 0, 06
CAg C CH 2 OH : 0, 06

HCHO : 0,1
Ag : 0,1.4
X
m 48, 48

CH C CH CH CH 2 OH : 0, 06
CAg C CH CH CH 2 OH : 0, 03
Cu 20:Chn p n D

n CO 0,175(mol)
Chy
no
2
n Khng
X
Andehit n CO 2 n H 2O 0, 05(mol)

n H2 O 0,125(mol)
Ta c :
pu
24
n Br2 160 0,15

D dng suy ra X phi cha HCHO v nu X khng cha HCHO th

n X 0, 05 0, 05 0,1 C

0,175
1, 75 (V l ) v khng c andehit no c 1C trong phn
0,1

t.
HCHO : 0, 025
Vy X
R CHO : 0, 05
BTKL

m X m(CHO) 0,175.12 0,125.2 0, 075.16 3,55(gam)

M R CHO

3,55 0, 025.30
56 CH 2 CH CHO
0, 05

m Ag (0, 025.4 0, 05.2).108 21, 6(gam)

Cu 21: Chn p n C
E p trng bc X l HCOOH v este T c gc HCOO- .
t s mol X,Y,T ln lt l a,b v c. CO2 0,25 mol v H2O 0,18 mol. BTNT
n Otrong E

6,88 0,25.12 0,18.2

0,22 2a 2b 4c V 2a+2c = 0,12 b + c = 0,05.
16

Axit Y c tng s lin kt pi l k tng s lin kt pi trong este T l k+1

0,25 0,18 = (k-1)b + (k+1-1)c 0,07 = (b+c)k b = 0,05k b.
p dng iu kin : b < 0,05 0,05k 0,07 < 0,05 k < 2,4.
Ta chn k = 2 b = 0,03 ; a = 0,04 ; c = 0,02.

(X)CH 2 O 2 : 0, 04

(Y)C n H 2n-2O 2 : 0, 03
0,04 + 0,03n + 0,02m = 0,25
(T)C H O (m 4) : 0,02
m 2m-4 4

SU TM

Page 21

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

BTNT.C

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

21-2m
3

Ta chn m=6 n=3.

X l HCOOH,

Y l CH2=CH-COOH

T l HCOO-CH2-CH2-OOC-CH=CH2.

Z l C2H4(OH)2

BTKL

m E + m KOH = m + m Z + m H2O

6, 88 0, 15.56 m 62.0, 02 18. 0, 04 0, 03 m 12, 78 gam.

Cu 22 :Chn p n A

n O2 2, 45(mol)
BTNT.O

2a b 4,9
CO 2 : a
a 1,56(mol)

Chy
Ta c : n X 0,57

b 0,35 a 0,57(*)

b 1, 78(mol)
H 2O : b

H 2O

n Pu 0,35
Br2
BTKL

m m C, H 1,56.12 1, 78.2 22, 28(gam)

Ch : Bn cht ca bi ton kh n gin ch l BTKL v vn dng tnh cht ca ankan khi

t chy l n ankan n H2 O n CO2 .Tuy nhin cng cn t duy cht t hiu l mun X bin
thnh ankan th cn phi thm 0,35 mol H2 .V khi cc em c phng trnh (*).
Cu 23 : Chn p n B
C n H 2n1O 2 N : a
an bm 0, 095

C H HNO2 : a
Ta c : C m H 2m 1O2 N : b n 2n

n 1 m
C m H 2m HNO2 : b 0, 095.14 47(a b) 3,21

a b 0, 04
C H O N : 0, 025

1,375 n 2,375 2 5 2
C3H 7O 2 N : 0, 015
an m(n 1) 0, 095
CO2 : 0,095

O2 : 0,17 A H 2 O : 0,115
0,85

N 2 : 0, 02 0,6 0,62
N 2 : 0,68
Odu : 0,15 0, 04 0,1525 0, 0375
2
CO 2 : 0, 095

B N 2 : 0, 02 0,68 0, 7
du
O2 : 0,17 0, 04 0,1525 0, 0575

nRT 0,8525.0, 082.(127 273)

13,981(atm)
V
2

SU TM

Page 22

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Cu 24 :Chn p n A

33,75

n Gly 75 0, 45(mol)

106,8

Ta c : n Ala
1,2(mol) V s lin kt peptit trong A,B,C u ln hn 1 v tng
89

263, 25

n Val 117 2,25(mol)

lin kt peptit l 9 nn ch c hai kh nng ng vi ba b s l (2, 3, 4) , (2,2,5) v (3, 3,

3).D thy vi b (3, 3, 3) khng tha mn. Nhn thy
0, 45 1, 2 2,25
:
:
0,15 : 0,3 : 0, 45 1: 2 : 3
3
4
5
A : Ala Ala Ala Ala : 0,3

M ra ngay : B : Gly Gly Gly : 0,15

C : Val Val Val Val Val : 0, 45

BTLK.peptit

n H2 O 0,3.3
45.4
0,15.2
0,

3(mol)
A

BTKL

m 33, 75 106,8 263,25 3.18 349,8(gam)

Cu 25: Chn p n A
V M Y 39 nn hai ancol phi l CH 3OH v C 2 H 5OH v s mol 2 ancol phi bng
nhau.Ngha l X phi cha 2 chc este v 1 chc amin.
X
n Trong
a
N
BTNT.O
Do n X a Trong X

4a 1, 365.2 1,12.2 n H2O n H2O 4a 0, 49

4a
n O
BTKL BTNT
V ta
26, 46

30,576
.32 49, 28 (4a
0, 49).18 a.14

a 0,14(mol)
22, 4
m
m
H 2O

N2

BTKL

m 26, 46 0,14(15
29)
31, 22(gam)

0,14.2.39
CH3 ,C2 H5

Cu 26:Chn p n A
n CO 1,5(mol)
1,5
Ta c : 2
S C trong X v Y l :
3 .C hai TH xy ra.
n

1,
4
0,
5
H 2O
a b 0,5
C H O : a
a 0, 3(mol)
Trng hp 1 : 3 8
(loi)
BTNT.H

8a 2b 2,8 b 0, 2(mol)
C3H 2O 2 : b

SU TM

Page 23

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

a b 0,5
C H O : a
a 0, 2(mol)
Trng hp 2 : 3 8
BTNT.H

8a 24 2,8 b 0,3(mol)
C3H 4O 2 : b
mCH2 CHCOOC3 H7 0, 2.0, 75.114 17,1(gam)

Cu 27:Chn p n C
C2 H 4 O

C H O
X
X
thy X 3 8
v n C3 H8O n C3 H8O2 n Trong
2n Trong
C
O
C3 H 8 O 2
C2 H 6O
BTNT.C
X
X
Nn
n Trong
n 1, 7 n Trong
0,85(mol)
C
O
BTKL
X
V
38,5 m(C, H, O) n Trong
38,5 1, 7.12 0,85.16 4, 5(mol)
H
BTNT.H
ra
V
n Sinh
H 2 O 2, 25(mol) m Bnh tng m CO 2 m H 2O 1, 7.44 2, 25.18 115,3(gam)

Cu 28: Chn p n B
V cc cht trong hn hp u c 2 nguyn t O v 2 lin kt nn ta t chung l
C n H 2n 2 O2
Ta c :
O2
C n H 2n 2 O 2
nCO2 (n 1) H 2O

n CO2

BTNT.C

29, 064
.(n 1) 0, 756 n 2,8
14n 30

0, 756.2,8
1,176 m 1,176.197 231, 672(gam)
1,8

Cu 29:Chn p n A
CO 2 : a(mol) a b 0,58
a 0, 24
Chy
Ta c : X

BTKL

12a 2b 5,16 16(b a) b 0,34

H 2O : b(mol)
BTNT.C
Sc kh vo Ca(OH)2 d :
n CaCO3 n CO2 0, 24

BTKL

m 0,
24.44
0,34.18

0, 24.100 7,32(gam)
CO 2 H 2O

Cu 30:Chn p n D
Nhn xt : 50 < MX nn khng c HCHO trong T.

SU TM

Page 24

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

n Ag 0,52 n CHO 0, 26

V n HCO 0, 04 n COOH 0, 04 nn T ch c nhm CHO v COOH v khng c gc RH

3

n CO2 0,3
X : HOC CHO : a
4a 2b 0,52 a 0,12

Vy T l Y : HOC COOH : b b 2c 0, 04 b 0, 02
Z : HOOC COOH : c a 4(b c)
c 0, 01

%HOC COOH

0, 02.74
15,85%
0,12.58 0, 02.74 0, 01.90

Cu 31: Chn p n C
CO 2 : a
Chy
BTKL
Ta c : X

44a 28,8 24, 4 2, 2.32 a 1,5(mol)

H
O
:1,
6
2
BTKL

m X 24, 4 m(C, H, O) n OTrong X

24, 4 1,5.12 1, 6.2

0, 2(mol)
16

X
X
n Trong
n Trong
O
RCHO 0, 2(mol) m Ag 0, 2.2.108 43, 2(gam)

Cu 32:Chn p n D

n O2 a(mol)

BTKL
12, 95 32a 0,85.44 0, 025.28 18b
n CO 0,85(mol)

Ta c : 2
BTNT.O
2a 0,85.2 b
n N2 0, 025(mol)
n b
H 2O
a 1,3625

m 18.1, 025 18, 45(gam)

b 1, 025
Cu 33:Chn p n B
Ta c cng thc tng qut ca amin no l : C n H 2n 2 k (NH 2 )k

nCO 2

k
k
k
Chy
X
N2
0, 2(n n 1 ) 1, 4
2
2
2
k

(n 1 2 )H 2O
2n k 6 H 2 N CH 2 CH 2 NH 2

BTNT.O
ng

n OPhn
0,8(mol)
2

BTKL

m 0, 2.60 0,8.32 37, 6(gam)

Cu 34 : Chn p n C
SU TM

Page 25

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Bi ton n gin ch l vn dng hng s Kc.

HCOOH este H 2O 0,6.1

1,5
K C
ancol axit 1.0, 4

Ta c :
K CH3COOH este H 2O 0, 4.1 2
C
ancolaxit 1.0, 6 3

n phn ng 0,8
Vi th nghim 2 : HCOOH
n d
C2 H 5OH a b 0,8
phn ng
n

b
CH3COOH
HCOOH este H 2O
0,8.(0,8 b)

1,5
K C
ancol axit (a b 0,8).0, 2

Khi ta c :
b.(0,8 b)
2
K CH3COOH este H 2O

ancolaxit (a b 0,8).(4 b) 3

a b 0,8 4
0,8 b 1,5
b 2,56(mol)

a 12,32(mol)
a b 0,8 3b
0,8 b
2(4 b)
Cu 35:Chn p n B
Na
BTNT
X
n H2 0,15
n H 0,3 a 0, 25.a.2 a 0,2(mol)
Ta c : n X a(mol)
Chy
n H2 O 0,63
X

V glixerol chim 25% v s mol nn ta tng tng tch ancol a chc ny ra thnh
C H O : 0, 25a(mol)
T ch
C 3 H8O3
3 8
O O : 0,25a(mol)

C n H 2 n 2 O
C n H 2 n
Na
Quy i
: a(mol)
a 0,2(mol)

Khi X H 2O
H 2 O : a(mol)

O O : 0, 25a(mol)
CO 2 : 0, 43(mol)
Chy (n CO 2 n H 2O )
Vy khi t chy X th C n H 2 n

H 2 O : 0,63 0, 2 0, 43(mol)
BTKL

m 0,2.18
2.32 11,22(gam)
0,

43.14

0,25.0,

H2 O

Anken

Oxi

Ch : T tng ca bi ton ny l quy X v Anken, H2O v O2.

Cu 36: Chn p n D

SU TM

Page 26

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

X
n NaOH 0, 2 n Trong
COOH 0,2(mol)
Ta c :
Trong X
n H2 0,55(mol) n OH 1,1 0, 2 0,9(mol)

BTNT.C
Nhn xt :
nCtrong X nCO2 1,3(mol) nCtrongandehit 1,3 1,1 0,2

Kt hp vi n Ag 0, 4 HOC CHO : 0,1(mol)

Nh vy axit phi l : HOOC COOH : 0,1 (mol)
Nhn thy n trongancol
n trongancol
cc ancol phi no CTPT l CnH2n+2On
C
OH

nancol 0, 4
0,9
Li c trongancol
n
2, 25 C 2,25H 6,5O2,25 : 0, 4(mol)
0, 4
0,9
n C
BTKL

m 0,1.58 0,1.90 0, 4.69, 5 42,6(gam)

Cu 37:Chn p n A
81

n Gly 75 1,08(mol)
1,08 0, 48
Ta c :
Nhn thy
:
0,36 : 0,12 3 :1
42,72
3
4
n
0, 48(mol)
Ala
89
X : Ala Ala Ala Ala : 0,12 BTLK.peptit
M ra ngay :
n H2 O 0,12.3 0,36.2 1,08(mol)
Y : Gly Gly Gly : 0,36
BTKL

m 81 42,72 1,08.18 104,28(gam)

Cu 38: Chn p n B
Kt ta l C6 H 5 NH 3Cl n

1, 295
0, 01(mol)
129,5

Br3C6 H 2 NH 2 : 0, 01

BTNT.Br
Cho Br2 vo th n chui i u ? Br3C6 H 2 OH : a

3a 3.0, 01 n Br2 0, 06
HBr : 0, 01.3 3a

a 0, 01 C6 H 5OH 0,1M

Cu 39: Chn p n C
T cc d kin X phi l CH 3 NH 3 CO3 NH 4
n 0,1(mol)
Na 2CO3 : 0,1(mol)
NaOH
Ta c : X

m 14, 6(gam)
NaOH : 0,1(mol)
n NaOH 0,3(mol)

Cu 40:Chn p n B
SU TM

Page 27

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

ZOH
V nng ca NaOH v KOH nh nhau nn ta c th quy Z v
M Z (23 39) / 2 31
BTNT.Cl
ZCl : 0,1

BTKL
Khi : 16,3

16,3 0,1(31 35, 5) 0, 05(166 R)

H 2 N R (COO Z)2 : 0, 05

R 27 X : H 2 N C2 H3 (COOH) 2 %C

4.12
36, 09%
133

Cu 41: Chn p n B
BTKL

m X m Y 100(gam)

Gi s ly 1 mol C7H16

100
min
n Y 1.2 2(mol) d(Y / H 2 )
25

2.2
X:Cracking

n Max 4(mol) d(Y / H ) 100 12,5

2
Y
4.2
Ch : Vi 1 mol heptan trong iu kin thun li nht : C 7 H16 CH 4 3C 2 H 4

Cu 42: Chn p n C
Nhit lng cn un nng 100,0 lt nc t 200C ln 1000C l:
100.1000.80.4,18 3344.104 J 33440kJ
t 1 mol X thot ra : 0,85.880 0,1.1560 904kJ
Th tch kh X (ktc ) l : V

33440
.22, 4 828, 6(lit)
904

Cu 43: Chn p n A
V n H 2O n CO2 0,525 nn X ch cha cc cht no v n chc.
BTKL

m X 0, 625.32 0,525(44 18) m X 12,55(gam)

BTNT.O
X

n Trong
0,525.3 0, 625.2 0,325(mol)
O

a b 0, 2
a 0, 075(mol)
RCHO : a
Khi : n X 0, 2

RCOOH : b a 2b 0, 325 b 0,125(mol)

0, 075.30
17, 93%(loi )
12,55
0,525
V C
2, 625
0, 075.44
0, 2
Trng hp 2 : CH 3CHO %CH 3CHO=
26, 29% A
12, 55
Trng hp 1 : HCHO %HCHO=

SU TM

Page 28

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Nu s C trong andehit ln hn 3 th

%CH 3COOH

0,125.60
60% %andehit 40% (loi )
12, 5

Nu bi bt tm CTPT ca cc cht trong X th ta cng m ra kh d dng c.

V RCOOH

12, 55 0, 075.44
74 C2 H5COOH
0,125

Cu 44:Chn p n A
CH 3OH : a
3, 2

CuO
V M X 46 X CH 3CH 2CH 2 OH : b
a b c
0, 2(mol)
16
CH CH(OH)CH : c
3
3
AgNO3 / NH 3

4a 2b

48, 6
0, 45
108

4a 2b 0, 45
a 0,1(mol)
0, 075

Vy a b c 0, 2
b 0, 025(mol) %n
37,5%
0, 2
32a 60(b c) 46.0, 2 c 0, 075(mol)

Cu 45:Chn p n D
CH COONH 4 : a(mol)
NH 3 : a b
NaOH
T d kin ca bi ta suy ra X l : 3

NH 4 CO3 NH 3CH 3 : b(mol)

CH 3 NH 2 : b
CH3COONa : 0, 05
a 2b 0, 25
a 0, 05(mol) BTNT.C

M
77a 110b 14,85 b 0,1(mol)
Na 2 CO3 : 0,1

m 0, 05.82 106.0,1 14, 7(gam)

Cu 46:Chn p n B
V lng M hai th nghim khc nhau nn ta quy ht v s lng TN 2 trnh nhm ln.
CO : 0, 75.1,5 1,125(mol)
t chy 24,6 gam M c 2
H 2 O : 0,5.1,5 0, 75(mol)
BTKL
M

n Trong

24, 6 1,125.12 0, 75.2

0, 6(mol) n M 0,3(mol)
16

Khi lng nc c trong dung dch NaOH : 160.0,9 = 144(gam)

M
n Trong

axit

146, 7 144
M
0,15 n Trong
0,15 n CH3OH 0,15
este
18

BTKL

24, 6 160 m 0,15.32 146, 7 m 33,1(gam)

Cu 47: Chn p n C
SU TM

Page 29

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Th thut khi thi trc nghim:

thy : S C trong X l

1,5
30 .Nu c 10 mt xch (9 lin kt peptit) th s rt p
0, 05

H 2 N CH 2 CH 2 COONa : 0, 25
BTNT.Na
V
m
m 33, 75(gam)
NaOH : 0,15

Nu chi p
(Khng nn qun t kiu ny cc em nh ! Tn thi gian, khng lm g khi mc ch ca
mnh l khoanh ng p n).Nhng anh vn gii v anh khng phi i thi nahi.
BTNT.O
X
X
t chy 0,05 mol X
n Trong
2.1,875 1,5.2 1, 3 n Trong
0,55(mol)
O
O
BTNT.O
Gi s : X n
0, 05(2n n 1) 0,55 n 10

Li t duy :
Nu t 0,5 mol H 2 N C x H y COOH th s mol nc thu c l: 1,3+0,05.9=1,75
BTNT.H

S H trong aminoaxit =

1, 75.2
7 H 2 N C 2 H 4 COOH
0,5

Cng khng mt thi gian lm.Tuy nhin, mt s bn s cha quen kiu t duy ny.Vi trc
nghim hy nh. Ti nng c hn th th on phi v bin.
Cu 48: Chn p n A
V

nX nY

C h y

Y C
h y

C O 2

H 2O
C O 2

H 2O

: 1, 3 5
: 1, 3 5 n X
T N T .O
B

n X 3, 7 5 1, 3 5 .2 1, 3 5 n X

: 1, 3 5
: 1, 3 5 n X

n Ag
2

n Ag
2

n Ag 0, 6 m Ag 64,8(gam)

Cu 49. Chn p n A
Nhn xt : 50 < MX nn khng c HCHO trong T.
n Ag 0,1 n CHO 0, 05

V n HCO 0, 07 n COOH 0, 07 nn T ch c nhm CHO v COOH v khng c gc RH

3

n CO2 0,12
T
T
n trong
n trong
0,12
C
H
Nhn thy trong T : trong T
n CHO 2n COOH 0,05 0,07.2 0,19
n O

SU TM

Page 30

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

BTKL

m (C, H, O) 0,12.12 0,12.1 0,19.16 4,6(gam)

Cu 50. Chn p n B
BTKL

m 26 24,72 10,08 m 8,8(gam)

26.0,72

1,04(mol) Na
H 2 O :
Ta c : m X 24,72(gam)
a 1,04 0, 57.2 a 0,1
18
ancol : a
BTKL

Mancol

24,72 1,04.18
60 C 3H 7OH
0,1

BTNT.R
R trong ROH chuyn ht vo R2CO3
nR

E : HCOOC 3H 7
26.0, 28
8,97
2
R 39 K
R 17
2R 60

HCOOK : 0,1
8, 4
Trong Y c :
%HCOOK
83,33%
10,08
KOH : 0,03
Cu 51. Chn p n A
Nhn vo CTPT ca X X c 6 mt xch v Y c 5 mt xch.
X : x(mol) NaOH x y 0,16
x 0,1(mol)
x 5
Khi :

Y : y(mol)
6x 5y 0, 9 y 0,06(mol) y 3

X : 5t Ghp H 2O
CH CH NH 2 COOH : a(mol)
30, 73

30, 73 18.37t 3
NH 2 CH 2 COOH : b(mol)
Y : 3t
89a 75b 18.37t 30,73
a 0,26(mol)

7a 5b
b

Khi (3a 2b).44

.18 18.37t 69,31 b 0,19(mol) 0,73
2
a

t 0,01(mol)

30t 15t a b
Cu 52. Chn p n B
CO 2 : 7a BTKL
14, 56
ch y
Ta c : Z

17,2
.32 44.7a 18.4a a 0,1(mol)
22,4
H 2 O : 4a
BTKL
Z

n trong

17,2 0,7.12 0, 4.2

0,5(mol) Z : C 7 H 8O5
16

n NaOH 0,2(mol)
Z l este hai chc (khng tha mn)

Z l tp chc este v axit

n Z 0,1(mol)

Vy cc CTCT c th ca Z l :
C H 2 - O O C -C
(1 ) C H - O H
CH3

SU TM

C - COOH

C H 2 - O H
(2 ) C H - O O C -C
C H

C - C O O H

Page 31

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

CH2 - OH
(3 ) C H 2
C H 2 - O O C -C

C - COOH

Cu 53: Chn p n C
Lng nhit cn dng lm tng nhit ca 1000 gam nc t 250C ln 1000C l:
Q = m.Cnc.t0 = 1000.4,16.(100 75) =312000(J)=312(kJ)
Trong 100 gam kh gas trn c 99,4 gam butan v 0,6 gam pentan.
Lng nhit ta ra khi t chy 100 gam kh gas l:
99, 4
0, 6
.2654
.3, 6.10 3 4578, 4(kJ)
58
72

Vy lng kh gas cn dng l 312.100.4578,46,81(g)

Chn C
Cu 54: Chn p n B

HCHO : 0, 06
0,18
CH OH : 0,1
0,5

CH 3CHO : 0,12
oxi ha
Ta c : n
2 A 3

0,3
C2 H 5OH : 0, 2
0,12 HCOOH : 0, 04

CH 3COOH : 0, 08

BTE

n Ag 0,
06.4

HCHO

0,16.2

0,56(mol) m 60, 48(gam)

CH 3CHO v HCOOH

Cu 55:Chn p n A
C H COOH : 0, 2(mol)
Ta c : 2 5
C 2 H 5OH : 0, 6
CH
COOH
:
0,
2(mol)
3
C 2 H 5COOC2 H 5 : 0,15(mol)
m 28, 5(gam)
CH 3COOC 2 H5 : 0,15(mol)

Cu 56: Chn p n A
Hn hp peptit A to bi cc aminoaxit l Gly; Ala nGly = 0,29 ; nAla = 0,18 nGly/nAla
= 29/18
Tch da vo t l mol X : Y : Z = 2 : 3 : 4 nh sau
29 = a.2 + b.3 + c.4 (chn a =2, b=3, c=4)
18 = x.2 +y.3 + z.4 (chn x=4, y= 2, z=1)
Cc gi tr a,b,c, x, y, z c th thay i c nhng kt qa khng thay i
X l G-G-A-A-A-A ( 5 lin kt peptit) (2t mol) hoc ng phn khc
SU TM

Page 32

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

Y l G-G-G-A-A

(3t mol) hoc ng phn khc

Z l G-G-G-G-A

(4 lin kt peptit)

2016

(4t mol) hoc ng phn khc

BTNT Gly ta c 29t = 0,29 t = 0,01 m = 8,32 + 9,93 + 12,68 = 30,93

Cu 57:Chn p n D
Mu cht ca bi ton l quy i X.Vi d kin 0,5 mol X
Ta c :
0,7

BTE
BTLK.
X
n Trong
1, 4 Quy di
CHO 0, 7 k
n Ag 1, 4
0,5
X : C n H 2n 2 2.1,4O1,1:0,5

BTNT.O
Trong
X
n 0, 55
nO
1,1
H2

Vy X l : C n H 2n 0,8O2,2 .Khi t chy Phong gam X ta c

2,6.2 a(n 0, 4) 2,2a
n CO na 2,6
Chy
BTNT.O
n X a
2

n OP /u2
2,6
2
n H2 O a(n 0, 4)
Ch : C th nhn xt nhanh do n PO/2u n CO2 n H2 O n OTrong X a(n 0, 4) 2,2a

a 1

Phong 1.(14.2,6 0,8 2,2.16) 70,8(gam)

n 2,6

Chn D

Cu 58:Chn p n D
n KOH 0, 7(mol)

Ta c :
n este 0, 7 0,3 0, 4(mol) n Y
0, 7
n T 0, 3(mol) 2 0,35
H2O
n Tch
0, 4.60% 0, 24(mol)
Ancol

BTKL

MY

n ete n H 2O

8, 04 0,12.18
42,5
0, 24

0, 24
0,12(mol)
2

CH OH : 0,1(mol)
Y 3
C 2 H5OH : 0,3(mol)

RCOOK : 0, 4
54, 4 0,3.56
Khi c cn X : 54, 4
M RCOOK
94 R 11
0, 4
KOH : 0,3
Khi xy ra hai trng hp :

HCOOK : 0,1 BTKL

37, 6 0,1.84

M RCOOK
97,33 (Loi)
Trng hp 1 : 37, 6
0, 3
RCOOK : 0,3
Trng hp 2 :

HCOOK : 0,3 BTKL

37, 6 0,3.84
37, 6

M RCOOK
124 R 41(C3H5 )
0,1
RCOOK : 0,1
SU TM

Page 33

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

A : HCOOC2 H 5 : 0,3
0,3.74
Vy : m
%HCOOC2 H 5
68, 94% Chn D
0,3.74 0,1.100
B : C3H 5COOCH3 : 0,1
Cu 59:Chn p n A
X : a(mol)
Ta c : 4
Bo ton s mol cc mt xch : 4a 3.2a 0,1 a 0, 01(mol)
Y 3 : 2a(mol)
Ghp H 2O

ma min oaxit m 3a 2.2a .18 m 1, 26(gam)

BTKL

m 1, 26 0,1.40 10, 26 0,1.18 m 6,8(gam)

Cu 60: Chn p n B
C2 H 4 : 0,3

m X 13,3
Ta c : X C2 H 2 : 0,15 Trong X
n Lin kt 0,3.1 0,15.2 0, 6
H : 0,5
2

Do m X m Y n Y

13,3
0,5 n 0, 95 0,5 0, 45(mol)
13, 3.2

BTLK.

n Br2 0, 6 0, 45 0,15(mol)

Cu 61. Chn p n A
y l bi ton kt hp BTNT v BTKL kh hay.Mu cht l i tm khi lng C trong X ri
BTNT.C
Ta c : X NaHCO3 CO 2

Trong X
n COOH
n CO2 0,5 n OTrong X 1

BTKL

m X m(C, H,O) m C 29,6 1.16 0,8.2 12

BTNT.C

n CO2 n CTrong X 1 m CO2 44(gam)

Cu 62. Chn p n C
Do s lin kt nh hn 3.Nn ta c hai trng hp ngay :
Trng hp 1 : este c 2 .C ngay : C n H 2n 2 O2

3n 3
O2 nCO 2 (n 1)H 2O
2

6 3n 3
V n .
n 4,5 (loi )
7 2

Trng hp 2 : este c 1 .C ngay : C n H 2n O 2

3n 2
O 2 nCO 2 nH 2O
2

6 3n 2
V n .
n 3.
7
2

SU TM

Page 34

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

RCOOK : a
Khi c 12,88 BTNT.K
56(0,14 a) a(R 44 39) 12,88
KOH : 0,14 a

(27 R)a 5, 04

R 1 a 0,18 0,14 (Loi )

m 0,12.74 8,88
R 15 a 0,12

Cu 63.Chn p n D
Ta c : %N

14
0,1573 R R ' 29
16 R 44 R '

Do m ra ngay X l : H 2 N CH 2 COO CH 3
Bo ton
V Y l HCHO: n Ag 0,12 n HCHO 0, 03
n X 0, 03 m 0, 03.89 1, 67(gam)

Cu 64: Chn p n C
Ta c : n X 0, 7 0,5 0, 2 n 2,5
a ln nht khi X l hai chc : a 0,5.12 0, 7.2 0, 2.(16 22).2 22, 6
Cu 65.Chn p n C

C H O : a
V s mol n C 4 H6 O2 n CH3COOH nn quy X v : 6 10 4
C 3 H 8 O 3 : b
n BaCO3 0,25
Ta c ngay : 0,38 Ba(OH) 2
BTNT.Ba
C 0,51
n Ba HCO3 0,13

2
CO 2

KOH
a 0, 06
n H2 O 0,12
6a 3b 0,51

146a 92b 13,36 b 0, 05

BTKL

146.0, 06 0,14.56 m 0,12.18 m 14,44

Cu 66. Chn p n D

BTKL

11,16 0,59.32 m CO2

n CO2 0,47

Ancol no hai chc.

9,36 n H2 O 0,52
BTKL
n Otrong E 0,28

Axit : a
BTNT .O
2a 4b 2c 0,28

este : b BTLK.
c 0,1
ancol : c a 2b 0,04

D dng suy ra ancol c 3 C v hai axit c 3 v 4 C

SU TM

Page 35

WWW.HOAHOC.EDU.VN

(Hc Ha bng s am m)

2016

Axit : C3 H 4 O 2 : x mol ;C 4 H 6 O2 : y mol x y 2z 0, 04

x 0,01
BTNT.C

este : C 10 H14O 4 : b
3x 4y 10z 0,17 y 0,01
ancol : C H O : 0,1
BTKL

72x 86y 198z 3,56 z 0,01

3 8 2

m 0, 01.2 C 2 H 3COOK C 3H 5COOK 4,68

Chn D

Cu 67. Chn p n C
C 2 H 2 : 0,5

Ta c : C 4 H 4 : 0, 4
H : 0,65
2

Trong X c

m hh 35,1

nX

35,1
0,9
2.19,5

ung
n n Hphan
0,65
2

C 2H 2 : a
a b 0, 45
a 0, 25

m 9 1, 8
C 4H n (4 n 6) : b
2a b 0, 7
b 0, 2

n Y 0, 45

Chn C

Cu 68. Chn p n A
Vi M = 90 ta loi ngay :
Nu ancol no ta c :

CO 2 : a

H 2O : b

1, 5 2 a b
O d2 u :

1, 5 2 a b

1
a 0,5
a b


2
b 0, 4
b a 0 ,1

m m(C, H,O) 0,4.12 0,5.2 0,1.16 7, 4

SU TM

Page 36