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MIV

form
Fsv
Fsu
Fsh
Fh
Fa
Fzv
Fzh

SR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

SR

description
VERTICAL FORCE ON FOUNDATION
Min VERTICAL FORCE ON FOUNDATION
Horizontal FORCE ON FOUNDATION
axial force
anchor force
vertical force on cylinder bracket
horizontal force on cylinder bracket

Foundational loads of MIV


causes
KN
FORCE
`1598
FORCE
`+500
FORCE
`+751
valve closure
prestressing force
cylinder opening force
cylinder force
`+987

INPUT DATA
SYMBOL
RHO_W
E
g
Mast
Masfg
Hd
DN
Dup
EARTHQUAKE
Mh

description
WATER DENSITY
ELASTIC MODULUS
EARTH GAVITY
ROTOR MASS
COUNTERWEIGHT MASS
DESIGN HEAD
NOMINAL DIAMETER BFV
NOMINAL DIAMETER U/S PIPE
EARTHQUAKE COEFFICIENT
(max value)

1
2
3

description
horizontal POSITION max uplift:
horizontal distance between servo & MIV
radius of counterweight
reaction force at MIV foundation

4
5

Mass of MIV(WEIGHT OF MIV)


Mass force

For safe operation; Fup_cw<Fmiv

SR

description

KN
`+575
`+ 270
40051 `+ 3055
250
2101 `+ 133
`+ 62

VALUE
1000
206000
9.807
35000
16000
208
4.2
5
0.36
4775

UPLIFT DUE TO COUNTERWEIGHT


SYMBOL
VALUE
Rkol
Rfg
Fup_cw
=
Mmiv
Fmiv
=
SAFE

1200
2824
Rkol)/Rkol
212.35424
80000
Mmiv*g
784.56
SAFE

UPLIFT DUE TO HYDRAULIC FORCE


SYMBOL
VALUE

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

ELBOW & MIV


THRUST RING & MIV
MIV centre to joint flange distance
Penstock dia
Penstock wall thickness
Max HYDRAULIC torque on pipe rupture
mass of water in miv

Lel
Lth
Ljf
Dp
Sp
Mh (max value)
Mw_miv

8
9

run out length factor for hydraulic torque


Area Moment of inertia

k
Ip

10

formulaes
max deflection=

UNITS
KG/M3
Mpa
m/s2
KG
KG
M
m
m
KN-M

11

MH (upwards)

Fup_MH

12

uplift of MIV at max vertical force (up)


here

delta=5qL^4/(E*I*384)
q=Fup_MH-(Mw_miv+Mmiv)

Page 1

AT 4 DEG C PURE WATER


FOR ASTM A36
FOR STKHEP 450MW
FOR STKHEP 450MW
FOR STKHEP 450MW
FOR STKHEP 450MW
FOR STKHEP 450MW
STK CALC AHPL?

UNITS
mm
mm
KN
KN
kg
KN
UNSAFE

LEVER ACTION

DONOT ENTER ANY VALUE

UNITS

40 m
11 m
0.87
m
5
m
0.025 m
4775 KN
h+Ljt)*RHO_W
164473.3314 kg
0.5 2*DN
Dp^4]
nt
0.6182096165 M^4

delta=5qL^4/(E*I*384)
E=modulus of elasticity

REMARKS
on base plates
on base plates
on base plates
thrust rings
per anchor
on base plates
on base plates

Max stress
y=
q=
L=
I=
max(Mh)*3/(k*DN)
6821.4285714286 KN
-355.7524009363
-237651.90282857

DONOT ENTER ANY VALUE


section=Ix=(pi*d^4)/64

sigma=(y*q*L^2)/(8I)
axis
force or uniform load
length of beam
area moment of inertia

MIV
SR

calculation of FORCEs
SYMBOL

1
2

description
Horizontal thrust force acting on cone
Max Horizontal thrust normal operation
Mass of water from MIV to first elbow
Additional Earthquake forces
VERTICAL FORCE ON FOUNDATION
Maximum at normal operation
Additional Earthquake forces

Uplift acting on base plates(both feet)


max at normal operation Fzu

Fsu

1
2

foundation(both plates)
Maximum at normal operation
Additional Earthquake forces

Fsh
Fsh_eq

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

foundation(both feet) Fz_v


Length of counterweight
Lever of servomotor
Servo Diameter
Max servo pressure
Force Servo max
Max at normal operation Fzv
Additional Earthquake forces Fzv_eq

rfg
rkol
Dservo
Pservo_max
Fservo
Fzv
Fzv_eq

1
2

foundation(both feet) Fz_h


Max at normal operation Fzh
Additional Earthquake forces Fzh_eq

Fzh
Fzh_eq

A
1
2
3
B

VALUE

UNITS

Fh
Mw_el
Fh_eq

40052.4788998816 KN
785398.163397448 KG
3055.305523838 KN

Hd*RHO_W*g*pi*D^2/4
(pi()*DP^2*g*Lel*RHO_w)/4
Mw_el*g*MCE+Mmiv*g*MCE

Fsv
Fsv_eq

1598.3666406932 KN
575.4119906496 KN

2/3(Mmiv+Mw_miv)*g
2/3(Mmiv+Mw_miv)*g*MCE

500.157 KN

Mu_ss=Poisson ratio
Fsv*Mu_ss
Fsv_eq*Mu_ss

751.2323211258
270.4436356053

2.824
1.2
0.35
180
1731.8029502914
2101.0691902914
132.9358464

M
M
M
bar
KN
KN
KN

987.5025194369 KN
62.479847808 KN

Page 2

Weight of Valve

1bar=100kN/sq.m
Pressure *Area
masg*g*rfg/rkol+Fservo
MCE*masg*g*rfg/rkol

Fzv*Mu_ss
Fzv_eq*Mu_ss

FRANCIS
sr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51

symbol
A Spin
A DTin
A DTout
A DThor
A DTlong
A Dtcross
A PS
A Piston
A piston_annular
A SPMM

BL DT
B max
B 45
D STz
D STi
D STa
D PS
D IT

E
F AxraT
F AxnomT
F AxlrT
g
G PN
GR
GS
G SP
G H2O,SP
G SP,AV
G ST
G H2O,ST
G ST,AV
G DT
G DR
G BR
G H2O,DT
G IT
G H2O,IT
h Conmax
h Conmax_DT
HWL
h DR
H 45
l IT
IT fixing
L con_diff
L con_diff_DT
M Tnom

description
value
units
area of entrance spiral case
13.8
m2
area of entrance draft tube
12.34
m2
area of exit draft tube
29.12
m2
projected concrete surface horizontal
50.09
m2
projected concrete surface lateral
11.07
m2
projected concrete surface vertical
12.53
m2
area penstock
13.85
m2
servomotor piston area
1385.4 mm2
servomotor piston annular area
1208.7 mm2
area spiral case mid of turbine
88.27
m2
temp. ext. Coefficient steel
0.000012 1/K
angle of draft tube
90
bottom level draft tube m
1789.3
maximal width draft tube mm
8350
width draft tube at 45 mm
7376
diameter of supports stayring mm
6440
inner diameter of stayring mm
5642.2
outer diameter of stayring mm
6714.2
diameter penstock mm
4200
diameter inlet tube 4200 mm
4200
temperature difference K
-20
elasticity steel N/mm2
210000
axial thrust (runaway T) 0 N
0
axial thrust (nominal T) 0 N
0
axial thrust (load rejection T) 0 N
0
acceleration due to gravity m/s2
9.781
weight of pier nose - kg
0
weight of runner kg
44000
weight of shaft kg
85619.5
weight of spiral case kg
61600
weight of waterfilling in spiral case kg
245800
weight of bulkhead kg
6800
weight of stayring with support kg
85619.5
weight of waterfilling in stayring kg
9300
weight of inner pressure test ring/ring gate kg
20050
weight of draft tube kg
31000
weight draft tube cone (not embedded)
25000 kg
weight of bottom ring kg
21800
weight of waterfilling in draft tube kg
373000
weight of inlet tube kg
20224
weight of waterfilling in inlet tube kg
90081
height of green concrete spiral case mm
1500
height of green concrete draft tube
1500 mmHWL
headwater level max. m
1956
turbine setting level (WG centre line) m
1802.9
height draft tube at 45 mm
4213
length inlet tube mm
6500
outer fixing inlet pipe SUPPORTS
max. different concreting levels mm
250
max. different concreting levels 250 mm
250
torque of turbine Nm
10035
Page 3

remarks

FRANCIS
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77

p max
p cl
p op
p SPcon
Q Tnom
Q Tlr
Q Tra
Con
H2O
Steel
SP fixing
s IT
s PS
T2
TWL
WH
YR max
z DThorcross
z DThorlong
z DTvert
z f_SP
z SP
z ST
z IT
z f_IT
z PN

max. oil pressure bar


closing oil pressure bar
opening oil pressure bar
pressure in spiral case during concreting
discharge (nominal) turbine m3/s
discharge (load rejection) turbine m3/s
discharge (runaway) turbine m3/s
density of concrete kg/m3
density of water kg/m3
density of steel kg/m3
outer fixing spiral thickness inlet tube mm
thickness penstock 30 mm
tang. force brake activated 0 kN
tailwater level min. m
Waterhammer %
coordinate of hydr. shape draft tube mm
number of supports draft tube horizontal _
number of supports draft tube horizontal _
number of supports draft tube vertical _
number of foundations spiral _
number of supports/cables spiral case _
number of supports stayring _
number of supports/cables inlet tube _
number of foundations inlet pipe _
number of supports piernose 0 _2.

Loads during erection (A)


4.1 Vertical forces
4.1.1 Vertical forces on supports of stayring V1A
The load on each support of the stayring during erection amounts:
V 1A =
(G SP + G ST)*g/(z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 1A
32.7262256705 KN
4.1.2 Vertical forces on supports of spiral case V3A, V4A
The load on each steel-support V3A and on each concrete-support V4A of the spiral case during
erection amounts:
V 3A =
(G SP + G ST)*g/(z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 3A
32.7262256705
V 4A =
n. e
V 4A
32.7262256705
4.1.3 Vertical forces on supports of inlet tube V6A, V7A
The load on each steel cable V6A and on each concrete-support V7A of the inlet tube during
erection is calculated as follows:
V 6A =
G ITg/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 6A
21.98 KN
V 7A =
G ITg/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 7A
21.98 KN
4.1.4 Vertical forces on supports of draft tube V9A
The load on each support of the draft tube during erection is calculated as follows:
V 9A =
G DTg/z Dtvert
V 9A
17.8359411765 KN
4.1.5 Vertical forces on inlet of draft tube V11A
During erection, the weight of runner and shaft will be set down on the top of the draft tube cone
Page 4

64
41
41
7.5 bar
150.83
50
113
2500
1000.3
7860
SUPPORTS
30
30
0
1810.31
23.007157
7383
14
6
17
8
16
20
6
3
0

FRANCIS
(first section). This load is calculated as follows:
V 11A = g (G R + G S)
V 11A
1267.8083295 117TONNES SHAFT FOE 1583
V11A will be distributed over the already concrete embedded draft tube entrance circular section,
but is only acting during erection or later revision works.
4.1.6 Vertical forces on supports of piernose V12A
The load on each support of the piernose during erection is calculated as follows:
V 12A =
g G PN/z PN
#DIV/0!
-n.e.- : This draft tube is designed without steel lined draft tube piernose.
4.1.7Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve servo V13A
The load on the support of the inlet valve servo during erection amounts:
V 13A
-n.e.-n.e.-: Separate calculation
4.1.8 Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve V14A
The load on the supports of the inlet valve during erection is calculated as follows:
V 14A = g (G IV,TOT G H2O,IV )
V 14A
-n.e.-n.e.-: Separate calculation
4.2
Horizontal forces
4.2.1Horizontal forces on supports of draft tube H2A
The load on each horizontal support of the draft tube during erection is a tractive/pressure force
and approximately calculated as follows:
H 2Across = H 2Along = 25% V 9A
+ 4.4589852941
KN
5

5. Loads with waterfilling before concreting (B)


The following forces only exist in case of pressure test of spiral case. These loads are acting
before final concreting with waterfilling.
5.1 Vertical forces
5.1.1
Vertical forces on supports of stayring V1B
The load on each support of the stayring during pressure test amounts:
V 1B =
(G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV)g/(z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 1B
93.8908199886 KN
5.1.2
Vertical forces on supports of spiral case V3B, V4B
The load on each steel-support V3B and on each concrete-support V4B of the spiral case during
pressure test amounts:
V 3B =
(G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV)g/(z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 3B
93.8908199886
V 4B =
(G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV)g/(z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 4B
93.8908199886
5.1.3 Vertical forces on supports of inlet tube V6B, V7B
The load on each steel-support V6B and on each concrete-support V7B of the inlet tube during
pressure test is calculated as follows:
V 6B =
(G IT + G H2OIT + G SPAV)g/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 6B
127.2671116667 KN
V 7B =
(G IT + G H2OIT + G SPAV)g/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 7B
127.2671116667

6. Loads during concreting (C)


6.1
Vertical forces
The loads on the supports during concreting are calculated as the weight of the corresponding part
Page 5

FRANCIS

(with or without water, which depends on a pressure test) minus the uplift of the corresponding
part. The maximal volume which causes the uplift is approximately the product of the projected
area of the corresponding part and the vertical height calculated with the max. concreting velocity
x solidification time.
6.1.1
Vertical forces on supports of stayring V1C
The load on each support of the stayring during concreting amounts:
V 1C =
(F con,uplift,SPST + (G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV ) g)/ (z SP + z f_SP + z
V 1C
1.0000018068 KN
Fcon,uplift,spst
-4087196
4131196
44
6.1.2 Vertical forces on supports of spiral case V3C, V4C
The load on each steel-support V3C and on each concrete-support V4C of the spiral case during
concreting amounts:
V 3C =(F con,uplift,SPST +( G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV) g)/ (z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 3C
1.0000018068 KN
V 4C=(F con,uplift,SPST +( G SP + G H2O,SP + G ST + G H2O,ST + G STAV) g)/ (z SP + z f_SP + z ST)
V 4C
1.0000018068 KN
6.1.3
Vertical forces on supports of inlet tube V6C, V7C
The load on each steel-support V6C and on each concrete-support V7C of the inlet tube during
concreting is calculated as follows:
V 6C =
(F con,uplift,IT + (G IT + G H2O,IT + G SPAV ) g)/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 6C
1145404
9 -1001401
16.0003338889 KN
V 7C =
(F con,uplift,IT + (G IT + G H2OIT + G SPAV ) g)/(z IT + z f_IT)
V 7C
16.0003338889 KN
6.1.4 Vertical forces on supports of draft tube V9C
The load on each support of the draft tube during concreting is calculated as follows:
V 9C = V 9A/B (g con A DThor h conmax)/ z Dtvert
-90.2369169118 KN
6.2 Horizontal forces
6.2.1
Horizontal forces on supports of draft tube H2C
The load on each horizontal support (cross) of the draft tube during concreting is a tractive /
pressure force due to unequal concreting:
H 2crossC =A Dtcross/z Dthorcross g con L CONdiff_DT
5.471246875 KN
The load on each horizontal support (longitudinal) of the draft tube during concreting due to
unbalanced concrete area:
H 2longC =
A Dtlong/z Dthorlong p con
4.6125 KN
Loads during standstill (D)
7.1
Vertical forces
7.1.1
Vertical forces on stayring V2D
The load during standstill acting on the concrete around the stayring amounts:
V 2D = F BR F HC + G ST + G H2O,ST +(G SP + G H2O,SP)/3
If V2 is positive, this force will press on the concrete (bottom of stayring). If V2 is negative, this
force is divided into two forces
This force is divided into a traction force on the anchors (down 80%) and a pressure force on the
concrete (up 20%)
V 2Dup = 215 kN
V 2Down = - 858 kN
7.1.2 Vertical forces on spiral case V5D
The load during standstill acting on the concrete around the spiral case is calculated as follows:
V 5D = g (G SP + G H2O,SP)
Page 6

FRANCIS
3006.6794 KN
7.1.3 Vertical forces on inlet tube V8D
The load during standstill acting on the concrete around the inlet tube is calculated as follows:
V 8D = g ( G IT + G H2O,IT)
1078.893205 KN
7.1.4 Vertical forces on draft tube V10D
The load during standstill acting on the concrete around the draft tube is calculated as follows:
V 10D = g (G DT + G H2O,DT)
3951.524 KN
7.1.5 Vertical forces on inlet of draft tube V11D
The load during standstill acting on the concrete around the inlet of the draft tube amounts:
V 11D = G DR g +1/3 (F BR + G BR g)
7.1.6 Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve servomotor V13D
The loads on each support of the inlet valve servomotor during standstill amounts:
V 13D
-n.e.-n.e.-: Separate calculation
7.1.7 Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve V14D
The load on the supports of the inlet valve during standstill is calculated as follows:
V 14D = g G IV,TOT
see MIV calc
7.1.8 Vertical forces on supports of upper guide bearing V15D
The load on each support of the bearing support in standstill amounts:
V 15D
generator calculation
7.2
Horizontal forces
7.2.1
Horizontal forces on guidevane-servomotor H4Dop/H4Dcl
The load caused from the hydraulic torque on guidevanes is calculated as follows:
Opening force:
Pop in N/mm2
Area in m2
H 4Dop = p op A Piston
4.1
1385.4
5.68014 KN
Closing force
H 4Dcl = p cl A Piston_annular
4.1
0.0012087
4.95567 KN
7.2.2
Horizontal forces on spiral case and inlet H5D
The load caused from pressure in the penstock and inlet impulse is calculated as follows:
H 5D = (HWL h DR) A SPin H 2 O g
H 5D
20671.300710354 KN
7.2.3
Horizontal forces on penstock H7D
The load caused from thermal elongation and pressure in the penstock and outlet impulse is
calculated as follows:
H 7D = (HWL h DR) A PS H 2 O g
H 7D
20746.1967274205 KN
7.2.4
Horizontal forces on foundation inlet valve H8D
The load on the supports of the inlet valve during standstill amounts:
H 8D
-n.e.-n.e.-: Separate calculation
7.3
Pressure
7.3.1
Pressure on concrete around the spiral case P1D
Due to the pressure in the spiral case the pressure on the concrete is approximately calculated as
follows:
P 1D =
(1/2)*((HWL h DR ) H2O g p Spcon)
373960.170665
373.960170665 kPa
7.3.2
Pressure on concrete around the draft tube P2D
Page 7

FRANCIS

The pressure in the draft tube is calculated as follows:


P 2D = (TWL BL DT) H2O g
205.560459643 kPa
Loads during normal operation turbine (E)
8.1
Vertical forces
8.1.1
Vertical forces on stayring V2E
The load during operation acting on the concrete around the stayring amounts:
V 2E = (F BR F HC) + G ST + G H2O,ST +(G ST + G H2O,SP)/3
=
If V2 is positive, this force will press on the concrete (bottom of stayring). If V2 is negative, this
force is divided into two forces
This force is divided into a traction force on the anchors (down 80%) and a pressure force on the
concrete (up 20%)
V 2Eup = 1143 kN
V 2Edown = - 4570 kN
8.1.2 Vertical forces on spiral case V5E
The load during operation acting on the concrete around the spiral case is calculated as follows:
V 5E = g ( G SP + G H2O,SP)
3006.6794 KN
8.1.3
Vertical forces on inlet tube V8E
The load during operation acting on the concrete around the inlet tube is calculated as follows:
V 8E = g (G IT + G H2O,IT)
1078.893205 KN
8.1.4 Vertical forces on draft tube V10E
The load during operation acting on the concrete around the draft tube is calculated as follows:
V 10E = H2O Q Tnom^2*(1/A Dtin-cos/A Dtout)+g (G DT + G H2O,DT)
5795.6499162618 KN
Cos90=0
8.1.5 Vertical forces on inlet of draft tube V11E
The load during operation acting on the concrete around the inlet of the draft tube amounts:
V 11E = G DR g + 1/3 (F BR +G BR g)
8.1.6
Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve servo V13E
The load during operation acting on each support of the inlet valve servomotor amounts:
V 13E
-n.e.8.1.7
Vertical forces on inlet valve V14E
The load on the supports of the inlet valve during operation is calculated as follows:
V 14E = g G IV,TOT
-n.e.-n.e.-: Separate calculation
8.1.8
Vertical forces on supports of upper guide bearing V15E
The load on each support of the bearing support during operation amounts:
V 15E
-n.e.- Will be defined by the generator supplier
8.2
Horizontal forces
8.2.1
Radial force on spiral case H1E
The load caused from the radial hydraulic thrust, acting stochastically around the lower part of the
pit liner is determined to be:
H 1E
573 KN
8.2.2
Horizontal forces on draft tube H3E
The load caused from the outlet impulse acting distributed on the draft tube is calculated as
follows:
H 3E = H2O Q Tnom^2/A Dtout sin
781.4736884159 KN
Sin90=1
8.2.3
Horizontal forces on guidevane-servomotor H4Eop/H4Ecl
The load caused from the hydraulic torque on guidevanes is calculated as follows:
Opening force:
Page 8

FRANCIS
H 4Eop = p op A Piston
5.68014 KN
Closing force
H 4Ecl = p cl A Piston_annular

4.95567 KN
8.2.4 Horizontal forces on spiral case and inlet H5E
The load caused from pressure in the penstock and inlet impulse is calculated as follows:
H 5E = H 5D +
H2O Q Tnom^2/A spin
22320.3234499678 KN
The value H5 is distributed between inlet flange (1/3) and spiral casing (2/3)
8.2.5 Horizontal forces on supports of upper guide bearing H6E
This value depends on the magnetic pull and will be given by the manufacturer of the generator.
H 6E
8.2.6
Horizontal forces on penstock H7E
The load caused from thermal elongation and pressure in the penstock and outlet impulse is
calculated as follows:
H 7E = H 7D +
H2O Q Tnom^2/A ps
22389.2663163497 KN
8.2.7 Horizontal forces on foundation inlet valve H8E
The load on the supports of the inlet valve during operation amounts:
H 8E
supplied separately
8.3
Tangential forces
'8.3.1 Tangential forces on stayring T1E
The tangential force caused by the hydraulic torque of pump turbine will be carried over from the
embedded spiral case/stayring into the concrete and is calculated as follows: (T1 acts per support
under stayring)
T 1E =
2 Mtnom/(z ST D Stz)
155.8229813665 KN
8.3.2 Tangential forces on supports of upper guide bearing T2E
The load is acting on the foundation of the generator brake. This value will be given from the
generator supplier.
8.4
Pressure
8.4.1
Pressure on concrete around the spiral case P1E
Due to the pressure in the spiral case the pressure on the concrete is approximately calculated as
follows:
P 1E =
1/2*((HWL h DR) H2O g p SPcon) WH
459.971009918 kPa
8.4.2 Pressure on concrete around the draft tube P2E
The pressure in the draft tube is calculated as follows:
P 2E = 150% P 2D
308.3406894645 kPa
(transient)
Turbine: Loads during operation and worst conditions (F)
The following forces are under worst conditions including load rejection.
9.1
Vertical forces
9.1.1
Vertical forces on stayring V2F
The load acting on the concrete under the stayring amounts:
V 2F = F BR F HC + G ST + G H2O,ST +(G ST + G H2O,SP)/3
If V2 is positive, this force will press on the concrete (bottom of stayring). If V2 is negative, this
force is divided into two forces
This force is divided into a traction force on the anchors (down 80%) and a pressure force on the
concrete (up 20%)
V 2Fup = 1722 kN
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FRANCIS
V 2Fdown = - 6886 kN
9.1.2 Vertical forces on spiral case V5F
The load acting on the concrete under the spiral case is calculated as follows:
V 5F = g (G SP + G H2O,SP)
3006.6794 KN
9.1.3
Vertical forces on inlet tube V8F
The load acting on the concrete under the inlet tube is calculated as follows:
V 8F = g (G IT + G H2O,IT)
1078.893205 KN
9.1.4 Vertical forces on draft tube V10F
The load acting on the concrete under the draft tube is calculated as follows:
V 10F = H2O Q Tlr^2*(1/A Dtin-cos/A Dtout)+g (G DT + G H2O,DT)
4154.1779708266 Cos90=0
9.1.5
Vertical forces on inlet of draft tube V11F
The load acting on the concrete around the inlet of the draft tube amounts:
V 11F = G DR g +1/3 (F BR +G BR g)
#VALUE! KN
9.1.6 Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve servo V13F
The load acting on each support of the inlet valve servomotor amounts:
V 13F
MIV calc
9.1.7
Vertical forces on inlet valve V14F
The load on the supports of the inlet valve amounts:
V 14F
MIV calc
9.1.8
Vertical forces on supports of upper guide bearing V15F
The load on each support of the bearing support amounts:
V 15F
generator calculation
9.2 Horizontal forces
9.2.1 Radial force on spiral case H1F
The load caused from the radial hydraulic thrust, acting stochastically around the lower part of the
pit liner is determined to be:
H 1F
9.2.2 Horizontal forces on draft tube H3F
The load caused from the outlet impulse acting distributed on the draft tube is calculated as
follows:
H 3F = H2O Q Tlr^2 sin /A Dtout
85.8774038462 KN
'9.2.3 Horizontal forces on guidevane-servomotor H4Fop/H4Fcl
The load caused from the hydraulic torque on guidevanes is calculated as follows:
Opening force:
H 4Fop = p max A Piston
8.86656 KN
Closing force
H 4Fcl = p max A Piston_annular
7.73568 KN
9.2.4
Horizontal forces on spiral case and inlet H5F
The load caused from pressure in the penstock and inlet impulse is calculated as follows:
H 5F = H 5D + H2O Q Tlr^2/A SPin
20852.5144784699 KN
The value H5 is distributed between inlet flange (1/3) and spiral casing (2/3)
9.2.5 Horizontal forces on supports of upper guide bearing H6F
This value depends on the magnetic pull and will be given by the manufacturer of the generator.
H 6F
generator calculation
9.2.6
Horizontal forces on penstock H7F
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FRANCIS
The load caused from thermal elongation and pressure in the penstock and outlet impulse is
calculated as follows:
H 7F = H 7D + H2O Q Tlr^2/A PS
20926.7562942075 KN
9.2.7 Horizontal forces on foundation inlet valve H8F
The load on the supports of the inlet valve amounts:
H 8F
9.3
Tangential forces
9.3.1 Tangential forces on stayring T1F
The tangential force caused by the hydraulic torque of pump turbine will be carried over from the
embedded spiral case/stayring into the concrete and is calculated as follows: (T1 acts per support
under stayring)
T 1F =
2 M Tnom Q Tlr^2/(z ST D Stz*Q Tnom^2)
17.1236387068 KN
9.4
Pressure
9.4.1
Pressure on concrete around the spiral case P1F
Due to the pressure in the spiral case the pressure on the concrete is approximately calculated as
follows:
P 1F =
1/2*((HWL h DR) H2O g p Spcon) WH
0.4599710099 MPa
9.4.2
Pressure on concrete around the draft tube P2F
The pressure in the draft tube is calculated as follows:
P 2F = 200% P 2D
411.120919286 kPa
(transient)
10 Turbine: Loads in case of runaway and emergency (G)
Following forces are calculated in case of runaway of the turbine or in case of emergency shut off
of the inlet valve.
10.1
Vertical forces
10.1.1
Vertical forces on stayring V2G
The load in case of runaway acting on the concrete around the stayring amounts:
V 2G = F BR F HC + G ST + G H2O,ST +(G ST + G H2O,SP)/3
KN
If V2 is positive, this force will press on the concrete (bottom of stayring). If V2 is negative, this
force is divided into two forces
This force is divided into a traction force on the anchors (down 80%) and a pressure force on the
concrete (up 20%)
V 2Gup = 1418 kN
V 2Gdown = - 5673 kN
10.1.2 Vertical forces on spiral case V5G
The load in case of runaway acting on the concrete around the spiral case is calculated as follows:
V 5G = g (G SP + G H2O,SP)
3006.6794 KN
10.1.3
Vertical forces on inlet tube V8G
The load in case of runaway acting on the concrete around the inlet tube is calculated as follows:
V 8G = g (G IT + G H2O,IT)
1078.893205 KN
10.1.4 Vertical forces on draft tube V10G
The load in case of runaway acting on the concrete around the draft tube is calculated as follows:
V 10G = H2O Q Tra^2*(1/A Dtin-cos/A Dtout)+g (G DT + G H2O,DT)
4986.5994213938 KN
10.1.5
Vertical forces on inlet of draft tube V11G
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FRANCIS
The load in case of runaway acting on the concrete around the inlet of the draft tube amounts:
V 11G = G DR g +1/3 (F BR + G BR g)
#VALUE! KN
10.1.6
Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve servo V13G
The load on each support of the inlet valve servomotor in case of emergency shutoff with the inlet
valve amounts:
V 13G
MIV calc
10.1.7
Vertical forces on supports of inlet valve V14G
The load on the supports of the inlet valve in case of emergency shutoff with the inlet valve
amounts:
V 14G
MIV calc
10.1.8
Vertical forces on supports of upper guide bearing V15G
The load on each support of the bearing support amounts:
V 15G
generator calculation
10.2
Horizontal forces
10.2.1 Radial force on spiral case H1G
The load caused from the radial hydraulic thrust, acting stochastically around the lower part of the
pit liner is determined to be:
H 1G
725 KN
10.2.2
Horizontal forces on draft tube H3G
The load caused from the outlet impulse acting distributed on the draft tube is calculated as
follows:
H 3G = H2O Q Tra^2 sin /A Dtout
438.6274278846 KN
10.2.3
Horizontal forces on guideline-servomotor H4Gop/H4Gcl
The load caused from the hydraulic torque on guide vanes is calculated as follows:
Opening force:
H 4Gop = p max A Piston
8.86656 KN
Closing force
H 4Gcl = p max A Piston_annular
7.73568 KN
10.2.4
Horizontal forces on spiral case and inlet H5G
The load caused from pressure in the penstock and inlet impulse is calculated as follows:
H 5G = H 5D + H2O Q Tra^2/A Spin
21596.868152383 KN
The value H5 is distributed between inlet flange (1/3) and spiral casing (2/3)
10.2.5 Horizontal forces on supports of upper guide bearing H6G
This value depends on the magnetic pull and will be given by the manufacturer of the generator.
H 6G
generator calculation
10.2.6 Horizontal forces on penstock H7G
The load caused from thermal elongation and pressure in the penstock and outlet impulse is
calculated as follows:
H 7G = H 7D + H2O Q Tra^2/A PS
21668.4227707418 KN
10.2.7 Horizontal forces on foundation inlet valve H8G
The load on the supports of the inlet valve in case of emergency shutoff with the inlet valve
amounts:
MIV calc
H 8G
10.3 Tangential forces
10.3.1
Tangential forces on stayring T1G
The tangential force caused by the hydraulic torque of pump turbine will be carried over from the
embedded spiral case/stayring into the concrete and is calculated as follows: (T1 acts per support
Page 12

FRANCIS
under stayring)
T 1G

2 M Tnom Q Tra^2/(z ST D Stz*Q Tnom^2)


87.460697059 KN
10.4
Pressure
10.4.1
Pressure on concrete around the spiral case P1G
Due to the pressure in the spiral case the pressure on the concrete is approximately calculated as
follows:
P 1G =
1/2( (HWL h DR ) H2O g p Spcon)
373.960170665 kPa
10.4.2 Pressure on concrete around the draft tube P2G
The pressure in the draft tube is calculated as follows:
P 2G = 200% P 2D
411.120919286 kPa
transient
11 Additional Loads
11.1 additional Vertical forces VADD
NIL
11.2 additional horizontal forces HADD
NIL
11.3 Additional Tangential forces TADD
NIL
11.4 additional pressure forces PADD
NIL
12 Forces during normal operation with earthquake
Additional acceleration of the non-concreted machine parts
12.1 Vertical forces
The vertical earthquake factor V is given by:
V=
0.18*g
1.76058 KN
The forces during an earthquake can be found in the results table in Chapter 3. These forces
include the additional vertical force amplitude FVA:
F VA = m V
12.2 Horizontal forces
The horizontal seismic factor H is given by:
H =0,36
g
The forces generated during an earthquake can be found in the results table in Chapter 3. These
forces include the additional horizontal force amplitude FHA:
F HA = m H

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