Evoluton To LTE An Overview June 2010

Evolution to LTE
- an overview
June 2010
Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA)
www.gsacom.com
Published by GSA: June 7, 2010

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www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010
Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 1/39

Mobile broadband growth has taken off
Most operators have a mobile broadband offer
Traffic, subscriptions and revenue growth are strong in all markets
Examples:
M1
StarHub Vodafone
Data traffic has risen 300%

in the past two years
Challenge: supporting more subscribers, providing more capacity, lower cost of

delivery/byte, improve the user experience
Source: GSA - Mobile Broadband Growth Reports from Operators Worldwide May 2010

The industry direction is to LTE
LTE is needed to accommodate huge traffic growth
Traffic rising/revenue falling
40x 100x traffic increase
may need to be supported

across several frequency bands
Mobile broadband is gaining momentum

from widespread 3.5G deployments, flat
rate data tariffs, and availability of
internet friendly mobiles

Drivers for LTE
LTE is being driven by pervasive convenience of mobile
communications and increased penetration combined with
improved performance and the falling costs of wireless
devices & services.
Broadband connectivity access to Mobile phones allowing anytime

more info and more entertainment anywhere accessibility
Voice ARPU being driven down by low Strong growth in smartphone segment
cost VoiP services
Mobile data has become a reality

More mobile in work/personal life
Innovative data services
Capture maximum ARPU
High demand for bandwidth, better
Invention of new technologies and quality and services tuned to own personal
business models profile

LTE - Long Term Evolution
The Internet of things

LTE is the next generation network beyond 3G for mobile broadband, standardized by 3GPP
LTE networks will provide the capacity to support demand for connectivity from a new generation
of consumer devices tailored to those new mobile applications
LTE is the next step in the user experience which will enhance more demanding applications
LTE is essential to take mobile broadband to the mass market
LTE will support new services and features which require higher levels of capability and
performance
LTE will support mixed data, voice, video and messaging traffic
LTE supports a full IP-based network and harmonization with other radio access technologies

The Roadmap for LTE
Excellent Mobile Broadband Today Enhanced User Experience

Voice and full Range of IP Services Improved voice and data capability
Rel-99 Rel-5 Rel-6 Rel-7 Rel-8 Rel-9 & beyond
WCDMA HSPA HSPA+ (HSPA Evolved)

Rel-8 Rel-9 Rel-10
LTE leverages new, wider
and TDD spectrum
LTE LTE - A
2009 - 2010 2011+ - - - - - - - - - >

Targets for LTE
Instantaneous downlink peak data rate of at least 100 Mb/s within 20 MHz allocation (5bps/Hz)
Instantaneous uplink peak data rate of 50 Mb/s (2.5bps/Hz within a 20 MHz uplink allocation)
Downlink: average user throughput per MHz, 3 to 4 times Release 6 HSDPA
Uplink: average user throughput per MHz, 2-3 times Release 6 enhanced Uplink
E-UTRAN optimised for low mobile speed: 0-15 km/h. Higher mobile speed between 15-120 km/h
should be supported with high performance. Mobility shall be maintained at speeds 120km/h-350km/h (or
even up to 500 km/h depending on the frequency band)
Spectrum flexibility: scalable to operate in 1.4, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20Mhz allocations: Uplink and
downlink, paired and unpaired
Co-existence with GERAN/3G on adjacent channels: with other operators on adjacent channels:
overlapping or adjacent spectrum at country borders: handover with UTRAN and GERAN

Operator benefits using LTE (1)
LTE is the natural evolution for GSM and HSPA Lower cost per bit, higher capacity, greater flexibility
network operators and true global appeal
Re-use of several existing network assets Greater economies of scale
Deliver new, improved services and applications With LTE, an operator can achieve a sustainable
competitive advantage
LTE operators gain economic benefits to strengthen LTE also brings a much improved Business
its market position Proposition compared to the legacy technologies

Operator benefits using LTE (2)
Lower cost Complements 3G/HSPA

IP-based flat network architecture; Low OPEX Addresses high capacity requirements
High degree of self configuration/optimization Seamless service continuity/multimode devices
High re-use of assets including sites Next generation solution for 3GPP and 3GPP2
Improved performance Highly reliable

Higher capacity, peak and user data rates Extreme efficiency, Innovation and intelligence
Higher bandwidth which supports a proposition of personalized and
Always on; enhanced user experience quality experience to its customers
Spectrum flexibility Strong industry support globally

Can use new or re-farmed spectrum, FDD and Eco-system will build on the success and volumes
TDD. Variable channel bandwidth established for HSPA

Business opportunities
LTE provides 2 to 5 times greater spectral efficiency than most advanced 3G networks, reducing
the cost per bit and allowing better economics for operators and end users.
It is affordable mass market wireless broadband services - boosting Operator profitability.
Faster downloads, video sharing, true Mobile TV with more channels and better quality.
Increased peak data rates, with the potential for 100 Mbps peak downstream and 50 Mbps peak
upstream, reduced latency, scalable bandwidth capacity, and backwards compatibility with existing
GSM and WCDMA-HSPA and HSPA+ systems.
Future developments could yield peak throughput of the order of 300 Mbps

LTE Technology
LTE employs a new modulation technique on the radio interface - OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplex), together with MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) antenna technology
OFDM splits the information into multiple narrowband

subcarriers, allowing each of them to carry a portion of the
information at a lower bit rate, making OFDM a very robust
modulation, particularly in multipath scenarios, like urban areas
MIMO technology creates several spatial paths on the air

interface between the network and subscriber, so these paths
can carry the same or different streams of information, which
allows an increase in either the coverage (due to higher Signal to
Noise Ratio (SNR) at the receiver) or user data throughput

LTE Standard
LTE Release 8 Major Parameters

Access Scheme UL DFTS-OFDM
DL OFDMA LTE-Release 8 User Equipment Categories

Bandwidth 1.4, 3.5, 10,15, 20MHz
Minimum TTI 1msec
Sub-carrier spacing 15kHx
Cyclic prefix length Short 4.7usec
Long 16.7usec
Modulation QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Spatial multiplexing Single layer for UL per UE

Up to 4 layers for DL per UE
MU-MIMO supported for UL and DL
LTE is specified in 36 series technical specifications

The LTE Release 8 specifications can be found on www.3gpp.org
ETSI has registered "LTE" as a trademark for the benefit of the 3GPP Partners

Evolution of the 3GPP Core Network
- SAE
The 3GPP core network has also undergone System
Architecture Evolution (SAE) in the same timeframe The architecture is based on an
as LTE, optimizing it for packet mode and, in particular, evolution of the existing GSM/WCDMA core
for the IP-Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), which supports network, with simplified operations and
all access technologies, including fixed wire-line access. smooth, cost-efficient deployment
This allows:
Improvements in latency, capacity, throughput
Simplification of the core network, and optimization for
IP traffic and services, and expected growth
Simplified support & handover to non-3GPP access
technologies
The result is the evolved packet system (EPS) that

consists of the core network part, the evolved packet
core (EPC) and the radio network evolution part, the
evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), i.e. LTE. The EPS is Source: Ericsson
also standardized within 3GPP Release 8 (March 2009) There are two nodes in the SAE architecture user plane; the LTE base
and is the baseline for implementations. station (eNodeB) and the SAE Gateway. This flat architecture reduces the
number of involved nodes in connections. LTE base stations are
connected to the core network over the S1 interface

Is LTE ready?
Standards are complete (Release 8 March 2009)
LTE has global acceptance by leading operators worldwide
On December 15th 2009, TeliaSonera launched the worlds first commercial LTE services, in
Sweden and Norway
Spectrum is available to support initial system deployments
LTE performance consistently meets or exceeds expectations
Several trials and commercial deployments on-going throughout the world
110 operators in 48 countries are investing in LTE

80 firm network deployment commitments
30 pre-commitment trials, studies
GSA press release: www.gsacom.com/news/gsa_302.php4
GSA Information Paper Evolution to LTE June 7, 2010

Who is committed?
80 LTE network commitments in 33 countries
Up to 22 LTE networks in service by end 2010
Up to 45 LTE networks in service by end 2012
30 additional pre-commitment LTE trials
Source of data: GSA Information Paper Evolution to LTE June 7, 2010


LTE network commitments


Global LTE commitments
This chart plus others and maps are

available at
www.gsacom.com/news/statistics.php4


Some LTE operator announcements
Americas
Verizon Wireless USA is deploying LTE in 700 Telefonica Argentina completed laboratory trials of
MHz. Trial networks in Boston and Seattle are in the LTE in March 2010, achieving a peak DL data speed
final phase. User-friendly trials are running this of 95 Mbps using an LTE terminal. Personal has begun
summer. Verizon plans LTE launches in 25-30 cities testing LTE in the Puerto Madero area.
by Q4 2010 (100 million pops), nationwide by 2013.
Entel PCS completed the first LTE trial in Latin
AT&T Mobility will deploy LTE in 700 MHz and America, at the Universidad de Chile. Movistar
earlier this month named its infrastructure demonstrated LTE at Connect 2009. Regulator Subtel
suppliers and announced plans for 2 LTE field trials expects to launch an LTE spectrum auction in March
this year. AT&T is expected to launch LTE in 2011. 2011, which may include both 2.6 GHz and 700 MHz
T-Mobile USA is also committed to LTE deployment. (digital dividend) bands, which could lead to LTE
services being launched in 2012.
Rogers Wireless is evaluating LTE. Bell Canada
and Telus have launched a joint HSPA+ network,
which will later be upgraded to LTE.
More updates are available in GSAs Evolution to LTE paper


Asia Pacific and Oceania
Telstra is trialing LTE from May 2010. Testing Maxis has received an LTE test license and will
comprises not only urban, but also rural evaluations soon begin trials in the Klang Valley. Regulator
of LTE in addition to extensive laboratory trials. MCMC plans to auction 3 blocks of 2.6 GHz spectrum
for LTE in 2011, and is also consulting on re-farming
China Telecom plans to launch LTE service in 850/900/1800 spectrum for 3G services
2010. In Hong Kong SAR, 2 x 15 MHz blocks of 2.6 GHz
FDD spectrum have been won each by China Mobile Smart Communications has conducted the first
(Peoples Phone), Genius Brand (Hutchison LTE trial in the country. Piltel is seeking the
Telecom/PCCW JV) and CSL Limited for LTE remaining 3G license in the country to deploy LTE
systems. SmarTone-Vodafone plans to deploy LTE re- services.
using its current GSM spectrum. CSL Limited is
engaged in a 6 months LTE trial in Kowloon Bay and StarHub is currently trialing LTE. M1 has
commercial service will follow. Data rates of 70 Mbps successfully completed a 100 Mbps data call on its
outdoors using a dongle have been recorded. trial LTE network. SingTel is undertaking LTE trials in
Singapore, and overseas with carriers in which it
SK Telecom, KT & LG Telecom are deploying LTE. holds stakes i.e. SingTel Optus (Australia), Telkomsel
(Indonesia), and Globe Telecom (Philippines).

Europe
T-Mobile Austria launched a 60-cell site pilot LTE Hutchison 3 Ireland plans to trial 21 Mbps and 42
network in Innsbruck in July 2009. Mobilkom Austria Mbps HSPA+ in 2010 on the way to launching LTE
is committed to deploying LTE. 3 Austria is services by end 2011.
upgrading its network for LTE, and expects to have
the capability to offer LTE to customers from 2011. Omnitel is testing LTE, achieving 52 Mbps peak
downlink on May 12, 2010.
EMT has established an LTE test network in
Tallinn and made the first data connection in O2 has received a trial license and plans to trial
February 2010. Tele2 Estonia is also undertaking LTE in digital dividend (800MHz) spectrum in the
LTE tests. northern town of Carlisle beginning mid 2010. O2 has
been testing LTE in 2.6 GHz spectrum and achieved
Cosmote has undertaken basic LTE functionality peak data throughputs of 135 Mps DL and 64 Mbps
tests in 900 MHz and 1800 MHz spectrum. UL measured in the lab and field, and lower latency.
Pannon has selected its infrastructure partner to MTS, Uzbekistan will deploy LTE and is setting up
build a commercial LTE trial network. Magyar a pilot LTE test network in Tashkent.
Telekom (T-Mobile) is also trialing LTE.


Middle East and Africa
Zain Bahrain confirmed in August 2009 plans to Vodacom is testing LTE and reportedly has 1,000
deploy LTE, the first announcement in the region. LTE-ready sites, with launch planned when
The company showcased the regions first LTE call handsets become available. Cell C has asked
In March 2010, claiming a download speed of 70 regulator ICASA for 2.6GHz spectrum. On May 28,
Mbps. 2010 ICASA announced plans to offer 2.6 GHz
spectrum which includes coverage obligations and
Zain Jordan is planning to trial LTE this year set a reserve price.
ahead of commercial launch in 2011. Regulator TRC www.icasa.org.za/Home/tabid/38/ctl/ItemDetails/mid/501
intends to invite comments from its 4 incumbent /ItemID/356/Default.aspx
mobile network operators on future LTE licenses.
Following successful trials, Etisalat plans to
STC is deploying LTE. Zain will commence commercially launch LTE service by end 2010.
deployment in Q2 2010 in 2.6 GHz in Riyadh.


LTE commercial networks - performance
Signals Research Group conducted the first ever extensive

independent drive test evaluation of a commercial LTE network,
assessing the performance of the TeliaSonera LTE networks in
Stockholm and Oslo, and reported to GSA: While still in its infancy,
commercial LTE networks in Stockholm and Oslo already
outperform many fixed broadband connections, offering average
data rates of 16.8Mbps (peak = 50Mbps) and 32.1Mbps (peak =
85Mbps) in 10MHz and 20MHz, respectively. Measured data rates
would have been even higher if it had not been for the stringent test
methodology, which focused almost entirely on vehicular testing.
Signals Research Group, LLC
Signals Ahead, March 2010 report.

LTE network and technology trials
some examples
Pre-commitment Trials summary (GSA)

Many LTE trials are on-going worldwide. A trial is usually a
scheduled activity prior to planned commercial deployment.
Sometimes an operator has agreed to undertake a trial but
not decided i.e. committed to launch a commercial service.
The Table (left) lists cases where a trial is announced but a
firm commitment from the operator for a post-trial
commercial rollout is not available at this time.
More information is available in GSAs

Evolution to LTE paper


LTE eco-system
- platforms, user devices
Mobile phones, computer and consumer electronic

devices including notebooks, netbooks, ultra-mobile
PCs, gaming devices, cameras, and PMPs will
incorporate embedded LTE connectivity.


Voice over LTE
LTE is likely to be deployed with a focus on data services connectivity for PCs, netbooks, etc
Voice service will be introduced as a second step
The One Voice initiative announced on November 4, 2009, aims for industry agreement on
a harmonized way to implement voice and SMS over LTE, based on existing standards.
The GSMA VoLTE (Voice over LTE) initiative was formally announced at the Mobile
World Congress on 15th February 2010. In establishing the VoLTE initiative, GSMA has
adopted the work of the One Voice Initiative as the basis of the work to lead the global
mobile industry towards a standard way of delivering voice and messaging services for
Long-Term Evolution (LTE). Using IP Multimedia Subsystem specifications developed by
3GPP as its basis, GSMA have expanded upon the original scope of One Voice work to
address the entire end-to-end voice and SMS ecosystem by also focussing on Roaming
and Interconnect interfaces, in addition the interface between customer and network.
Evolution to LTE: GSA Information Paper

For more information see www.gsacom.com/gsm_3g/info_papers.php4

Spectrum for LTE deployments
An operator may introduce LTE in new bands where it is easier to deploy 10 MHz or 20 MHz
carriers
e.g. 2.6 GHz band (IMT Extension band) or Digital Dividend spectrum 700, 800 MHz
Or in re-farmed existing mobile bands e.g. 850, 900, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2100 MHz
LTE 1800 looks the most promising from re-farmed spectrum
Eventually LTE may be deployed in all of these bands and others later
2.6 GHz (for capacity) and 700/800 MHz (wider coverage, improved in-building) is a good
combination
LTE offers a choice of carrier bandwidths: 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz; the widest bandwidth will be
needed for the highest speeds
Availability of new spectrum, particularly in the 2.6 GHz and Digital Dividend bands (700, 800
MHz), is a crucial factor for LTE deployments in many countries, and the regulatory conditions, and
will directly determine deployment and service launch dates in most markets.

700 MHz is a key band for LTE
700 MHz LTE deployments include Verizon Wireless, AT&T Mobility, several regional players
700 MHz spectrum availability will extend throughout Americas. This could be earliest in Chile
where LTE trials are planned by Entel PCS, Claro and Movistar. Subtel (regulator) expected to
soon launch a spectrum auction (2.6 GHz, 700 MHz)
The Indian government has formed a task group to develop a national band plan at 700 MHz
Consultations on future use of 700 MHz have commenced in New Zealand
Verizon Wireless
LTE commercial launch in 25-30 markets scheduled by end 2010

Nationwide by end 2013

2.6 GHz is a key band for LTE in Europe
and Asia
Telenor and Netcom have been granted licences and 2.6 GHz spectrum
TeliaSonera announced LTE commercial service launch in Oslo on December 15, 2009
Teliasonera, Elisa and DNA have been granted licences for 2.6 GHz spectrum and are building
LTE networks in Finland
TeliaSonera Sweden is deploying LTE using nationwide 2x20 MHz 2.6 GHz spectrum and
announced commercial service launch in Stockholm on December 15, 2009
In Hong Kong, 2x15 MHz blocks of 2.6 GHz FDD spectrum have been auctioned, and won by
China Mobile, Genius Brand and CSL Limited
Several auctions of 2.6 GHz spectrum are scheduled or planned

throughout European markets during 2010 and later
Source of data: GSA Information Paper Evolution to LTE April 7, 2010


LTE deployment Sweden example
Using new and re-farmed spectrum
2.6 GHz spectrum has been auctioned
900 MHz can be used for 3G
The present licences in the 900 MHz Tele2 Sweden and Telenor
band will be renewed and it will be possible Sweden are to build a
for the operators to phase in new nationwide LTE network
technology for mobile broadband while at through a new JV, Net4
the same time continuing to offer GSM Mobility
mobile telephony. The entire frequency
space available in the 900 MHz band will Operators will share spectrum
be assigned, which will enable entry of the in the 900 MHz and 2.6 GHz
new stakeholder through PTS approving bands
the transfer of frequencies to the operator
Hi3G Shared GSM network also
planned to extend reach by 30
Press release, PTS, 13/03/09 50%

800 MHz is a key band for LTE
- Digital Dividend spectrum
- Excellent for rural coverage and in building coverage
The transition from analog to digital terrestrial television will release large amounts of spectrum
potentially for mobile broadband deployments the so-called Digital Dividend
In 2005 the European Commission identified the release of the digital dividend in Europe as a spectrum
policy priority. The Commission later called for efforts to be made at the World Radiocommunication
Conference (WRC-07) to give mobile services the same status as broadcasting services
WRC 07 identified the 790-862 MHz band for mobile service in Europe, the Middle East and Africa
Some countries have now confirmed the availability of the 790-862 MHz band (subject to allocation
processes i.e. auction), including Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland
Germany recently became Europes first country to auction a package of spectrum which included
3 x 20 MHz digital dividend spectrum
Other governments in Europe will follow in 2010 and beyond
Many operators will deploy LTE in this band
Region 1 (EMEA)
470 MHz 790 MHz 862 MHz
Broadcasting Mobile (2015)

Recent LTE spectrum auctions
Europe
Germany: After 224 rounds the spectrum auction ended on May 20, 2010 and covered 360 MHz
across 4 bands: 800 MHz (digital dividend), 1800 MHz, 2.1 GHz, 2.6 GHz. THIS WAS EUROPES
FIRST AUCTION OF DIGITAL DIVIDEND SPECTRUM. The 4 incumbents acquired 2.6 GHz
channels to be used for LTE. Telefonica O2, Vodafone and T-Mobile (but not E Plus)
additionally acquired 800 MHz digital dividend spectrum which they will use for LTE. The
800 MHz spectrum raised 3.576 billion, i.e. over 81.5% of the auctions total value. Vodafone and
T Mobile are understood to be currently testing and deploying LTE in 800 MHz.
Netherlands: 2.6 GHz spectrum was auctioned in April 2010 and resulted in spectrum being
awarded to incumbents KPN, Vodafone, T-Mobile, and newcomers Ziggo 4 and Tele2. Unpaired
spectrum was left unsold.
Denmark: The auction of 2500-2690 MHz and 2010-2020 MHz spectrum was completed on May 10,
2010, with spectrum being awarded to Hi3G Denmark ApS; TDC A/S; Telia Nttjnster Norden AB;
and Telenor A/S. TDC has stated it could have a pre-commercial trial network running in June
2010. Information about the auction results is available here:
http://en.itst.dk/spectrum-equipment/Auctions-and-calls-for-tenders/2-5-ghz/results-of-the-auction

Other frequency bands for LTE
LTE FDD TD- LTE

LTE FDD will most likely in future be Early TDD Spectrum for LTE (TTD-LTE)
deployed in existing cellular bands too,
including: IMT Extension Center Gap 25702620 MHz
2.3 TDD i.e. 2300 2400 MHz
850 MHz
900 MHz
AWS (1700/2100 MHz) LTE1800 looks a promising option for operators currently holding
1800 MHz substantial 1800 MHz spectrum and could be ready for mass
1900 MHz market only a short time after 2.6 GHz
2100 MHz
Future possibilities: Future TDD possibility

450 470 MHz 3.6 GHz
3.6 GHz

TD-LTE
The LTE market will include TD-LTE as well as FDD systems

Li Yizhong, Minister of Industry and Information Technology, stated that TD-SCDMA subscribers in China are
expected to reach 80 million by 2011. The China Mobile TD-SCDMA system covered 284 cities by end 2009.
China Mobile had 7.69 million 3G/TD-SCDMA subscribers total at end March 2010
TD-LTE is positioned as the next evolution in TD-SCDMA family and a natural progression
From 3GPP standards perspective: commonality with FDD
From vendor perspective: increasing use of software defined radio techniques
From operator perspective: spectrum availability, flexible base stations
TD-LTE trials now Early TDD Spectrum for LTE (TTD-LTE)

Timescales established for prototype, dual-mode
and multimode devices
In-service estimated as 2010-2011 IMT Extension Center Gap 25702620 MHz
TD-LTE being showcased at 2.3 TDD I.e. 2300 2400 MHz
World Expo, Shanghai from May 2010
Clearwire (USA) has requested 3GPP to standardize TD-LTE for operation in the band 2496 2690 MHz
In Japan, Softbank Mobile is reported to be considering TD-LTE as one of its options for the 2.5 GHz
spectrum the company has acquired.

TD-LTE
- comparison of FDD and TDD modes
FDD v TDD DL PHY differences
In the DL, the PDCCH contains a

number of extra bits specific to TDD
The P-SCH, S-SCH and PHICH

also differ from FDD. Other
channels are unchanged
FDD v TDD UL PHY differences
TDD operation affects the timing,

control and frame structure.
DwPTS: sent from eNodeB as part of synchronisation
GP: empty guard band
For the UL channels, the key UpPTS: sent from UE as part of synchronisation
changes are the PRACH channel
and sounding.

LTE-Advanced
3GPP made a formal submission to the ITU,

meeting the deadline of October 7, 2009, proposing
that LTE Release 10 & beyond (LTE-Advanced) be
evaluated as a candidate for IMT-Advanced.
The submission was made jointly in the name of the

3GPP Organizational Partners: ARIB, ATIS, CCSA,
ETSI, TTA and TTC.
GSA is a Market Representation Partner in 3GPP

and fully supports the submssion
3GPP plans to complete its work on LTE-Advanced

specifications by 2010/2011
Further information:

Migration options
Will HSPA+ deployments delay LTE rollout?
Many operators will invest in both HSPA+ and LTE. GSA sees no evidence of
HSPA+ uptake delaying commitments to deploy LTE. The success of
HSPA/HSPA+ in delivering mobile broadband will fuel demand to support
more customers and for even higher data throughputs including for new
applications, which LTE delivers. LTE brings the opportunity for additional
spectrum in Digital Dividend (700, 800 MHz) and 2.6 GHz bands, initially
giving comparable throughput capacity and performance, and will continue to
improve and also benefit from larger bandwidth deployments (up to 20 MHz).

LTE: a single global standard
LTE is on track, attracting global industry support. The first LTE systems launched in 2009
LTE is the natural migration choice for GSM/HSPA operators. LTE is also the next generation mobile
broadband system of choice of leading CDMA operators, who are expected to be in the forefront of service
introduction. A leading WiMAX operator recently announced it is shifting technology to LTE
As a result of collaboration between 3GPP, 3GPP2 and IEEE there is a roadmap for CDMA operators to
evolve to LTE
Successful handovers between CDMA and LTE networks have been demonstrated
The LTE-TDD mode (TD-LTE) provides a future-proof evolutionary path for TD-SCDMA
With LTE we have one single global standard, securing and driving even higher economies of scale and
importantly, simplifying roaming

LTE: some industry forecasts
Research and Markets: by 2015, 380 million subscribers In the US, the EU-5 (France,
Germany, Italy, Spain and UK), Scandinavia, China, Japan and South Korea will have access to
mobile data through LTE networks
Maravedis: The number of LTE subscribers worldwide will pass 200 million in 2015
Strategy Analytics: the global LTE handset market will reach 150 million sales units by 2013
ABI Research: by 2013 operators will spend over $8.6 billion on LTE base stations
infrastructure
IDC: Spending on LTE equipment will exceed WiMAX equipment spend by end 2011, with
worldwide LTE infrastructure revenues approaching USD 8 billion by 2014
Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA): up to 22 LTE networks are anticipated to be in

commercial service by end 2010, and at least 45 by end 2012

Global and comprehensive update on
Evolution to LTE whats happening on LTE
FDD and TDD
GSA Information Paper Lists every network commitment, launch, trial
Evolution to LTE: GSA Information Paper

www.gsacom.com/gsm_3g/info_papers.php4
Charts and maps available at www.gsacom.com/news/statistics.php4
website: www.gsacom.com
www.gsacom.com/rss/gsanews.php4
www.twitter.com/gsacom
http://gsacom.mobi

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Evolution to LTE

Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA)

Published by GSA: June 7, 2010

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 1/39

Data traffic has risen 300%

Challenge: supporting more subscribers, providing more capacity, lower cost of

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 2/39

LTE is needed to accommodate huge traffic growth

Traffic rising/revenue falling

40x 100x traffic increase

may need to be supported

Mobile broadband is gaining momentum

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 3/39

Broadband connectivity access to Mobile phones allowing anytime

Mobile data has become a reality

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 4/39

The Internet of things

LTE is essential to take mobile broadband to the mass market

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 5/39

Excellent Mobile Broadband Today Enhanced User Experience

Rel-99 Rel-5 Rel-6 Rel-7 Rel-8 Rel-9 & beyond

WCDMA HSPA HSPA+ (HSPA Evolved)

2009 - 2010 2011+ - - - - - - - - - >

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 6/39

Downlink: average user throughput per MHz, 3 to 4 times Release 6 HSDPA

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 7/39

Re-use of several existing network assets Greater economies of scale

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 8/39

Lower cost Complements 3G/HSPA

Improved performance Highly reliable

Spectrum flexibility Strong industry support globally

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 9/39

It is affordable mass market wireless broadband services - boosting Operator profitability.

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 10/39

OFDM splits the information into multiple narrowband

MIMO technology creates several spatial paths on the air

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 11/39

LTE Release 8 Major Parameters

DL OFDMA LTE-Release 8 User Equipment Categories

Minimum TTI 1msec

Sub-carrier spacing 15kHx

Cyclic prefix length Short 4.7usec

Modulation QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

Spatial multiplexing Single layer for UL per UE

LTE is specified in 36 series technical specifications

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 12/39

The result is the evolved packet system (EPS) that

www.gsacom.com Global mobile Suppliers Association 2010

Evolution to LTE - an overview (June 7, 2010) Slide no. 13/39

Standards are complete (Release 8 March 2009)

LTE has global acceptance by leading operators worldwide

Spectrum is available to support initial system deployments