Molecules Around Me

By Sarah Bennett

Category

Food and Nutritional

Supplements

Product information:
Name: Glico Pocky
Description: Chocolate Cream covered Biscuit sticks.
Ingredients: Wheat, Flour, Sugar, chocolate liquor, blend of
vegetable oil (Interesterified Sunflower oil, Palm oil), Whole
Milk Powder, Palm oil Shortening, Contains 1 percent or less of:
Cocoa Butter, Salt, Artificial Flavors,Yeast, Lecithin,
Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate, Leavening (Sodium
Bicarbonate), Monoglyceride,Sodium Hydroxide, Papain
Image: http://glicousa.com/img/pocky.jpg

Compound 1- Salt
Molecular Formula: NaCl
Summary: Salt is a mineral that is often made of Sodium chloride and is
also commonly used in foods. Salt is used for flavoring and preserving.
Health Hazards: High intakes of salt can potentially lead to
Cardiovascular diseases, Stroke, and Kidney diseases.
Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt#Sodium_consumption_and_health
Image:
https://www.amoils.com/health-blog/wp-content/uploa
ds/2011/09/blog-image-salt-dolllar-paid-300x200.jpg

Compound 2- Sugar
Molecular Formula: C6H12O6
Summary: Sugar is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen chains. The name of
the sugar can change depending on the amount of each but Sucrose is
commonly used. It is used to sweeten food.
Health Hazards: The consumption of sugar can possibly lead to addiction,
high blood sugar, tooth decay, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular
disease.
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar#Health_effects
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/thumb/0/0e/Saccharose. svg/320pxSaccharose.svg.png

Compound 3- Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate

Molecular Formula: (C3H5O2)n(C18H32O2)m
Summary: Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate is an emulsifier that is made of
glycerol and fatty acids that is commonly derived from castor bean or soybean
oil. When used in chocolate, it reduces friction and allows for the chocolate
to flow easier and makes for a smoother coating.
Health Hazards: The FDA recognizes this compound as generally safe for human
consumption. The only effects that have been found is a temporary enlargement
of the liver from large intakes.
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyglycerol_polyricinoleate
Image: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32
/Polyglycerol_polyricinoleate.svg/800px-Polyglycerol_
polyricinoleate.svg.png

Compound 4- Sodium Bicarbonate

Molecular Formula: NaHCO3
Summary: It is often used in cooking and commonly referred to as baking soda.
Baking soda reacts with acids and heat to release carbon dioxide. This
reaction allows for baked goods to rise while cooking.
Health Hazards: Sodium bicarbonate can cause the acidity of your blood and
urine to lower. It can also lead to a lower amount of potassium, and higher
blood pressure.
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate#Cooking,
http://www.livestrong.com/article/376495-the-effects-of-drinking-baking-soda-w
ater/
Image:http://sodiumbicarbonatefacts.weebly.com/uploads
/9/8/7/8/9878043/716728314.png?352

Compound 5- Sodium Hydroxide

Molecular Formula: NaOH
Summary: Sodium hydroxide has many uses and is used by many different
industries. It can be found in many cleaning agents, but there are also
uses for it when it comes to food processing. It may be used during cocoa
processing as well as being used to make pretzels crispy.
Health Hazards: Sodium hydroxide is a corrosive acid, so it will
decompose living tissue, cause chemical burns and can cause blindness if
it comes in contact with the eyes.
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide#Safety
Image: http://vignette4.wikia.nocookie.net/sciencemadness/
images/a/a7/NaOH.png/revision/latest?cb=20141002172021

Category

Personal Hygiene and

Cleaning Products

Product information:
Name: Dial Paradise Limeade hand soap
Description: Soap made to both clean and hydrate your hands.
Ingredients: Aqua (water, Eau), Sodium laureth sulfate, sodium
chloride, cocamide MEA, cocamidopropyl betaine, PEG-18 Glyceryl
oleate/cocoate, DMDM hydantoin, glycerin, Parfum (fragrance),
laureth-2, sodium sulfate,tetrasodium EDTA, polyquaternium-7,
citric acid, ethanolamine, sodium benzoate, CI 15985 (yellow 6),
CI 17200 (red 33), CI 16035 (red 40)
Image:http://thumbs.ebaystatic.com/images/g/CfsAAOSwmf
hX6tJd/s-l225.jpg

Compound 1- Water
Molecular Formula: H2O
Summary: Water is made of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen. It can be
used to boil, steam and simmer food while cooking. It is also an
excellent solute.
Health Hazards: It isnt good to consume too little water because
it can lead to dehydration. Too much water can also be a problem,
it can lead to water intoxication.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water#For_drinking
Image: http://i.stack.imgur.com/micPs.png

Compound 2-cocamide MEA

Molecular Formula: CH3(CH2)nCONHCH2CH2OH
Summary: It is used as a foaming agent in shampoos and bath
products. It is also used as an emulsifying product in cosmetics.
Health Hazards: Cocamide MEA can be slightly corrosive and be an
irritant. However it is viewed as safe for rinse-off products.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocamide_MEA,http://ijt.s
agepub.com/content/18/2_suppl/9.abstract
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Cocamid
e_MEA.png

Compound 3- ethanolamine
Molecular Formula:HOCH2CH2NH2
Summary:This can be used as a buffer or preparation of emulsions, a Ph
regulator in cosmetics and for the alkalization of water in power plants.
Health Hazards: If exposed to ethanolamine in large amounts it can be a
corrosive acid that causes damage and irritation. It is also a cancer hazard.
In smaller amounts it can cause irritation, burning sensation to the eyes, and
cause allergic reactions.
Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanolamine#Other_uses,http://nj.gov/health/eoh
/rtkweb/documents/fs/0835.pdf
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ethanolamine-2
D-skeletal-B.png/200px-Ethanolamine-2D-skeletal-B.png

Compound 4-citric acid

Molecular Formula: C6H8O7
Summary:Citric acid is naturally found in citrus fruits and is
often used as an acidifier, flavoring and as a chelating agent.
Health Hazards:It is a weak acid, but pure citric acid can cause
erosion of enamel, sore throat and a cough if inhaled and
irritation to the skin and eyes.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid#Safety
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons
/thumb/c/c5/Zitronens%C3%A4ure_-_Citric_acid.svg/
256px-Zitronens%C3%A4ure_-_Citric_acid.svg.png

Compound 5-glycerin
Molecular Formula: C3H8O3
Summary: Also known as glycerol, it is a colorless, odorless liquid that
has a sweet flavor to it. It is often used in foods but also found in
soaps as a lubricant and moisturizes.
Health Hazards: If consumed it can potentially cause headaches,
dizziness, bloating, nausea, vomiting, thirst, and diarrhea.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol#Food_industry,http://www
.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-4-glycerol.aspx?activeingr
edientid=4&activeingredientname=glycerol
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/d/dc/Glycerin_Skelett.svg/187px-Glycerin_Skelett
.svg.png

Category

Health care and Medicinal

Products

Product information:
Name: Equate Antacid
Description: Tablets that are meant to relieve heartburn, acid
indigestion and a sour stomach.
Ingredients: Active: Calcium Carbonate, Inactive: Adipic Acid,
Dextrose, flavors, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrin, red 40 lake,
Starch, Sucralose, yellow 6 lake, yellow 10 lake
Image: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/
51TBabUYsyL.jpg

Compound 1-Calcium Carbonate

Molecular Formula: CaCO3
Summary: Calcium Carbonate is a substance that is commonly found in
minerals such as limestone. It is also the main component of pearls, and
the shells of snails and eggs. It is commonly used as a gastric antacid.
Health Hazards: The dust alone can cause irritation to the eyes, skin and
can cause a cough. With digesting, it can cause irritability, nausea,
dehydration and constipation.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_carbonate#Health_and_diet
ary_applications,https://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_224200
.html
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb
/d/d3/Calcium_carbonate.png/1280px-Calcium_carbonate.png

Compound 2-Adipic Acid

Molecular Formula: (CH2)4(COOH)2
Summary: It is an organic compound, however it is rarely found in nature
and is mainly used for the production of nylon. However, in medication it
is used as a Ph-independent release for weak basic and acidic drugs.
Health Hazards: Adipic acid is similar to carboxylic acids, therefore it
is a mild skin irritant and considered mildly toxic as well
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipic_acid#In_medicine
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Adipic_ac
id_200.svg/220px-Adipic_acid_200.svg.png

Compound 3-Magnesium stearate

Molecular Formula: Mg(C18H35O2)2
Summary: It is a white powder that is insoluble in water and has a low
toxicity. It is known to be used in medication as a release-agent,
lubricant and as an anti-adherent.
Health Hazards: Magnesium Stearate is considered non-toxic for human
consumption if under 2500mg per day. If exceeded its side effects may
include poor intestinal absorption, impairing neuromuscular transmission
and the weakening of reflexes.
Reference:https://draxe.com/magnesium-stearate/,https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Magnesium_stearate
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/8/87/Magnesium_stearate.png

Compound 4-Maltodextrin
Molecular Formula: C6nH(10n+2)O(5n+1)
Summary: It is a food additive that is easily digested, and is either
fairly sweet or doesnt have a flavor at all. It can act as a sugar
substitute and can thicken food products.
Health Hazards: Maltodextrin can cause your blood sugar to spike along,
promotes the growth of unhealthy bacteria and can have effects similar to
that of other food additives. Those include allergic reactions, bloating
and flatulence.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltodextrin#Food_uses,
http://www.livestrong.com/article/502241-the-risks-of-maltodextrin/
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/
9/9b/Maltodextrin.png/200px-Maltodextrin.png

Compound 5-Sucralose
Molecular Formula:C12H19Cl3O8
Summary: Sucralose is an artificial sweetener that cannot be broken down
by the body, making it noncaloric. It is stable under a wide range of Ph
conditions and heat. It is also considered to be much sweeter compared to
sucrose.
Health Hazards: Testing on rats have shown that sucralose has caused the
Ph level in their intestines to increase, increased body weight, and
reduced fecal microflora. However, symptoms have not yet been found in
humans.
Reference:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucralose
Image:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons
/thumb/a/ae/Sucralose2.svg/200px-Sucralose2.svg.png

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