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Biology 12
The Cell - 3
Name:___________________
Date:____________________
The Cell
The cell is the basic UNIT that can undergo the processes of life:
Page 44-45
1) To REPRODUCE
2) To GROW and develop
3) To obtain and use ENERGY
4) To RESPOND to the environment
Page 45-55
1) Plasma/cell MEMBRANE:
PROTECTS cells
2) Cytoplasm:
3) Ribosomes:
Produce PROTEINS
Made in NUCLEOLUS
o Nucleolus:
o Small, DENSE portion of nucleus.
o Made up of RNA (RIBONUCLEIC ACID)
o Site of RIBOSOME formation
o Mitochondria:
o Produce ENERGY from food in the form of ATP molecules (ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE).
o Undergo CELLULAR RESPIRATION (cristae)
Carbohydrate + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy
o Is like GENERATOR put in one type of energy & produces different energy
o Endoplasmic Reticulum:
o ROUGH ER (RER) has attached RIBOSOMES and is the site of PROTEIN synthesis.
-Is like KITCHEN where things are assembled.
o SMOOTH ER (SER) produces/transports LIPIDS and other substances.
-Is like CONVEYOR BELT transports things.
o Golgi Apparatus(Complex):
o Stacks of flattened DISCS - like sacs
o Processes, PACKAGES and stores proteins.
o
o Lysosome:
o Sac containing digestive ENZYMES
o Site of DIGESTIVE of molecules and unneeded cell parts.
o Is like TRASH COMPACTOR breaks down and disposes of garbage outside of bakery.
o Cell Skeleton:
o Microfilaments and MICROTUBULES
o Thread-like structures that give the cell TRANSPORT, aid in SHAPE of materials and make up CILIA
and FLAGELLA (for locomotion).
STICK IN H2O