A

SYNOPSIS
ON

AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED FAN

USING MICROCONTROLLER
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
FOR THE AWARD OF THE
DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

ELECTRONIC & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by
Neetu

(1813239)

Bhawna

(1813221)

Under The Guidance Of

Er. Arun Bhatia

(2013 2017)

Haryana Engineering College

Jagadhri
(Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra)

INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the humankind is moving towards the new technologies by replacing the
manual operations to automatic controlled devices. One of the basic requirements of the
people during hot weather is a cooling fan. But, the speed of the fan can be controlled by
manual operation using a manual switch namely fan regulator or dimmer. By turning the
dimmer, the fan speed can be altered. It can be watch in some places like where the
temperature is high during the morning though the temperature falls down radically at
night time. The users do not understand the difference in temperature. So to overcome the
speed of the fan here is a solution to vary according to temperature. This concept is
particularly applicable for the areas like where temperature changes radically during day
and night time. This project will convert the manual fan into automatic fans. The
automatic fans will change its speed according to the temperature in the room.This article
discusses about temperature controlled fan block diagram, working of each block and
properties.

WORKING
All the modules used in the above block diagram are integrated. The fan speed can be
monitored by the variation of temperature. Basic concept of this project is to getting the
temperature, displaying the temperature and temperature change is reflected as vary in
fans speed. Here temperature sensor used in the project is LM35 and the o/p of this
sensor is given to analog to digital converter. The complete working is allowed or not can
be decided by external interrupts.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The temperature sensor used in the proposed system is LM35. The o/p of this temperature
sensor is linearly proportional to the Celsius scale. This IC doesnt need any external
calibration to give accuracies. The main function of the temperature sensor in the
proposed system is to detect the temperature of external environment of fan.

8051 MICROCONTROLLER (AT89C51)

The 8-bit microcontroller AT89C51 belongs to 8051 family. It consists of 128 bytes of
RAM, 16-bits of addresses, 16 bit timer/ counter-2, 6 interrupts, ROM- 4k bytes. The
main function of the microcontroller in the proposed system is to analyze the temperature
which is sensed by the temperature sensor. Based on the temperature, the microcontroller
should change the speed of fan.
Temperature sensor LM35 is interfaced with the 8051 microcontrollers analog pin
because, temperature sensor changes temperature into voltage. Here temperature sensor
should be interfaced correctly to the microcontroller in order to get correct reading. The
speed of the fan can be decided by the temperature examine by the microcontroller.
Microcontroller controls the DC fan using the IC L293D motor control. This IC L293D is
a dual H-bridge motor driver used to control the speed and direction of DC motor. It also
offers isolation between microcontroller and motor. Motor speed can be controlled by
using the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique.
The proposed system is also provided with auto or manual switch which gives the option
to user to control the speed of fan. When the button is pressed, the speed can controlled
by manually that means user can control the fan speed manually. An LED can also be
connected at RC1 to demonstrate the status of auto or manual switch. Iflight emitting
diode is blinking, it means the fan control is manual.
So finally we can conclude that, when the power supply is given to the entire circuit then
the microcontroller reads the surrounding temperature of fan. The analog value of the
temperature is given by the sensor and applied to the ADC pin of microcontroller. The
value of analog is changed to the digital by the microcontroller internally. If the
temperature is superior to the threshold value, then microcontroller sends a signal to the
controller to turn ON the motor. Thus fan starts rotating.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

FUTURE SCOPE
A Temperature Controlled Fan is a device that detects the environmental temperature
changes relating to power electronics equipments. In some cases, a temperature
controlled fan system is a part of a our home air conditioning system such as in blowers,
heat exhauster, room cooler etc.

REFERENCES

https://www.elprocus.com/temperature-controlled-dc-fan-using-microcontroller/
http://www.engineersgarage.com/contribution/temperature-controlled-fan
https://www.google.co.in/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEw
iG17v7s4nPAhXCez4KHSmMBkoQFghQMAk&url=http%3A%2F
%2Fwww.studentcompanion.co.za%2Fautomatic-temperature-control-systemusing-pic-microcontroller-mikroc
%2F&usg=AFQjCNHNWp_oS3SQvQ9YoMEEEBY_XFnng&sig2=c1Eph17Fs5rr4EOKomh3KQ&bvm=bv.132479545,d.cGc