Bearer

capabilities
Packet-switched
capabilities

TE 2

NT 2

NT 1

4 wires

TA

ISDN
switch

ISDN
switch

LT

2 wires
Transmission Line

LT

Non-switched
capabilities

User-network
signaling

ED
D II TT II O
ON
N 4

Central Customer
Office Premises

Circuit-switched
capabilities

NT 1

TE 1

Transmission Line

Common-channel
signaling capabilities

Functional Group

NEW
ETSI Call Control
Procedure

Reference Point
ISDN Functional Groups and Reference Points

User-user signaling

ISDN
CPE

Line Termination (LT)

Network Termination 1 (NT1): handles physical layer interface functions
such as line termination, power transfer and timing.

ISDN
Switch

ISDN
Switch

IBT-300
ISDN BRA/PRA Tester

ISDNpartner

For installation, commissioning

and maintenance of ISDN BRA and PRA,
maintenance of datacommunications
over ISDN, V5.1/V5.2 analysis.
(Also available in BRA-only and PRA-only configurations.)

ISDN Expert System

ISDN
CPE

Activate Layer 1

IBT-10/-10U

UI (ID Request)

IBT-20

UI (ID Assign)

Terminal Equipment 1 (TE1): end-user equipment such as ISDN

telephones or data terminals compliant with ISDN call set up
procedures and capable of interfacing directly to the S bus.

ISDN BRA S/T/U Tester

Multiport Protocol Analyzer

For fault detection and maintenance
of datacommunications
over WAN and ISDN Basic Rate Access.

Make a Phone Call

by Lifting the Handset

Initiate Activate
Message (IAM)

I (SETUP)

Activate Layer 1
UI (SETUP)

2000 Test PadTM

UI (ID Request)
UI (ID Assign)

IBT-5

SABME

Handset Ringback
Address Complete
Message (ACM)

I (Alert)

I (CONN)

Answer Message
(ANM)

I (CONN)

I (CONN.ACK.)

ISDN Implementation

Layer 1

Phone Ring

I (Alert)

ISDN BRA S/T Tester

For installation,
commissioning
and maintenance.

UA

Answer the Phone

For installation, first level

of commissioning
and maintenance.

2230 E1/Data Communications Analyzer.

Tests multiple Business
Services including
ISDN PRA, DASS2 and Frame Relay.

I (CONN.ACK.)
B-Channel Connection

Disconnect

Q.931
Call Setup procedures
over the D Channel

Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer

Q.921 (LAPD)
D Channel link layer

I (DISC)

Release Message
(REL)

I (DISC)

I (REL)

Release Complete
Message (REL)

I (REL)

I (REL COMP)

I (REL COMP)

DISC

DISC

UA

UA

Deactivate Layer 1

Deactivate Layer 1

I.431
Primary
Rate

I.430
Basic
Rate

Frame Structure at S and T Reference Points

Frame Structure at U Reference Point

Supplementary
services

1,5 ms
48 bits in 250 microseconds
B1

Handles the physical, electrical, and

procedural specifications required to transmit
data accross the physical medium or cables.
Defines connectors, pinouts and electrical
voltage and current levels.
Works in units of bits.

Layer 2

NT to TE

B2

0 D L. F L.
1
0

E D A FA N

# Bits
18
Bits positions 1-18

B2

B1

E D L. F L.

E DS

E DM

TE to NT
B1
D L. F L.

L. D L. FA L.

B2

B1

B2
L. D L.

L. D L.

L. D L. F L.

=
=
=
=

N =
B1 =
B2 =
A =

framing bit
DC balancing bit
D-channel bit
D-echo-channel bit

bit set to a binary value N = FA (NT to TE)

bit within B channel 1
bit within B channel 2
bit used for activation

Q.921 Address Field

FA = Auxiliary framing bit

S = Reserved for future standardization
M = multiframing bit

Q.921 Control Field

Closing
Flag

First bit
Transmitted

Information Control Address Opening

Flag

FCS

FCS

Data link
8

SAPI

C/R

EA0

TEI

Format

Octet

EA1

Responses

Information
Transfer

Supervisory

RR
(receive ready)

RR
(receive ready)

RNR
(receive not ready)

RNR
(receive not ready)

REJ
(reject)

REJ
(reject)

DM
(disconnected
mode)

C/R - Command/response field bit

EA0 - Extended Address bit 0
EA1 - Extended Address bit 1

DISC
(disconnect)
UI
(unnumbered
Information)

Unnumbered

UA
(unnumbered
acknowledgement)
FRMR
(frame reject)
XID (Exchange
Identification)

XID (Exchange
Identification)

Layer 3

FCS

Information

Control Address Opening

Flag

First bit
Transmitted

Hex

Protocol discriminator

1
1
1
1
1
1

Octet
1

Lenght of call reference

value (octets)

Flag

Call reference value (CRV)

Message type

2
3
etc.

Other information elements as required

Protocol Discriminator
8

Octet

Q.931 user-network call control messages

0

http://www.acterna.com

Network
Addresses, switches and routes
packets between hosts.
Fragments and reassembles packets.
Works in units of packets.

0
0

2 1
O

--

P
1

--

N(R)
0 0

N(R)
0 0

N(R)
0 1

P/F
0 1

-05
--

P/F
0 1

09

P/F

--

01

Octet
4
5
4
5
4
5
4
5

00
04
08
10
14
18
1C
1E
20
27
28
29
2C
34
36
38
39
40
42
43
44
45
46
4C
4D
6C
6D
70
71
74
78
79
7C
7D
7E
7F

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
1
1
1
0

0
1
0
0
1
1

0
0
-

0
0
-

0
0
-

0
1
-

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
Other values

0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1

Control
Closing CRC
Flag
INFO
UI

Address Opening
TEI=127 SAPI=63 Flag

Octet Hex
1
2
3

Octet

Message Name

Management
entity identifier

Reference
number Ri

Message Type

Identity request
(user to network)

0000 1111

0-65535

0000 0001

Ai = 127, Any TEI value acceptable

Identity assigned
(network to user)

0000 1111

0-65535

0000 0010

Ai = 64-126, Assigned TEI value

80
88
89
90
91
4

6F/7F

Identity denied
(network to user)

0000 1111

0-65535

0000 0011

Ai = 64-126, denied TEI value

Ai = 127, No TEI value available

0F/1F

Not used
(coded 0)

0000 0100

Identity check request

(network to user)

0000 1111

Ai = 127, Check all TEI values

Ai = 0-126, TEI value to be checked

43/53

Identity check response

(user to network)

0000 1111

0-65535

0000 0101

Ai = 0, TEI value in use

03/13

Identity remove
(network to user)

0000 1111

Not used
(coded 0)

0000 0110

Ai = 127, Request for removal of all TEI values

Ai = 0-126, TEI values to be removed

63/73

Identity verify
(user to network)

0000 1111

Not used
(coded 0)

0000 0111

Ai = 0-126, TEI value to be checked

87/97

1 P/F 1

AF/BF

Single octet information elements

Reserved
Shift
More Data
Sending Complete
Congestion Level
Repeat Indicator
Variable Length Information Elements
Segmented Message
Bearer Capability
Cause
Call Identity
Call State
Channel Identification
Facility
Progress Indicator
Network-specific Facilities
Notification Indicator
Display
Date/time
Keypad Facility
Signal
Switchhook
Feature Activation
Feature Indication
Information Rate
End-to-end Transit Delay
Transit Delay Selection and Indication
Packet Layer Binary Parameters
Packet Layer Window Size
Packet Size
Connected Party Number
Connected Party Sub-address
Calling Party Number
Calling Party Sub-address
Called Party Number
Called Party Sub-address
Redirecting Number
Transit Network Selection
Restart Indicator
Low Layer Compatibility
High Layer Compatibility
User-user
Escape For Extension
Reserved

ETSI Message Type

01
02
03
05
07
0D
0F

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
1

0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
1
1
0
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
1

0
0
1
1
1
1

Transfer mode
Circuit mode
Packet mode
Information transfer rate
Packet mode call
64 kbit/s
2 x 64 kbit/s
384 kbit/s
1536 kbit/s
1920 kbit/s

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
1

0
0
0
1
0
1

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 . . .
1

0 1

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0

High layer characteristics identification

Telephony
Facsimile Group 2/3 (Rec. F.182)
Facsimile Group 4 Class.1 (Rec. F.184)
Teletex service (F.230) and Fac. Cl. II and III
Teletex service (F.220)
Teletex service (F.200)
Syntax based Videotex (Rec. F.300 and T.102)
Int. Videotex Interworking (Rec. F.300 and T.101)
Telex service (Rec. F.60)
Message Handling System (X.400 series)
OSI application (X.200 series)
Audiovisual = Videoteleph., (Rec. F.721 and AV.242)

1 0 0
91
4

0/1
01/81
04/84
21/A1
24/A4
28/A8
31/B1
32/B2
33/B3
35/B5
38/B8
41/C1
60/E0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1

0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0

1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0

MSN
DDI
SUB
CLIP
CLIR
COLP
COLR
MCID

Multiple Subscriber Number

Direct Dialing-In
SUB-addressing
Calling-Line Identification Presentation
Calling-Line Identification Restriction
COnnected-Line identification Presentation
COnnected-Line identification Restriction
Malicious Call IDentification

Call Offering Services

TP
CFU
CFB
CFNR
CD
ECT

Terminal Portability
Call Forwarding Unconditional
Call Forwarding Busy
Call Forwarding No Reply
Call Deflection
Explicit Call Transfer

Call Completion Services

CW
HOLD
CCBS

Call Waiting
Call HOLD
Completion of Calls to Busy Subscriber

Multiparty

CONF
3TPY

CONFerence calling
Three-PartY service

Information element
High Layer Compatibility
Length of High Layer Compatibility (max. 5 octets)
Coding standard
CCITT standardized coding as decribed below
Interpretation
First high layer charact. identif. to be used in the call
Presentation method of protocol profile
High layer protocol profile (without spec. of attribut.)

0 0

0/1

40/C0
10/90
11/91
13/93
15/95
17/97

ETSI Cause Value

Dec

0
1
1
0
0

Octet Hex
1
7D
2
3

Number Identification Services

Community of Interest and Call

Restriction Services

CUG

Closed User Group

Charging Services

AOC-S
AOC-D
AOC-E

Advice Of Charge at setup time

Advice Of Charge during the call
Advice Of Charge at end of call

Additional Transfer Information

Services

UUS

User-to-User Signaling (UUS1, UUS2, UUS3)

Action indicator Ai

Hex

0
0
0
1
1

Information element
Bearer capability
Length of Bearer capability (max. 13 octets)
Coding standard
CCITT standardized coding as decribed below
Information transfer capability
Speech
Unrestricted digital information
Restricted digital information
3,1 kHz audio
7 kHz audio

0 0
1 0

Information Element Identifier

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 0
1
0 0

First bit
Transmitted

ETSI Information Element Identifier

ETSI Message Structure

Closing
Flag

N(S)

N(R)

SABME(set
asynchronous
balanced mode
extended)

TEI - Terminal Endpoint Identifier

0 - 63 Fixed TEI assignment
64-126 Automatic TEI assignment
127 Group TEI for broadcast
data link connection

6 5 4

I
(information)

First bit
Transmitted

Teleservices

Bearer services

Hex
Config.

Binary Configuration
8 7

Network Side User Side

C/R Value C/R Value
1
0
Commands from
1
0
Responses to
Commands to
0
1
Responses from
0
1

SAPI - Service Access Point Identifier

0 Call control procedures
1 Packet mode using Q.931 Call procedures
16 Packet communications conforming to X.25
Level 3 procedures
63 Layer 2 Management procedures
All others reserved for future use

Commands

Customer data channels B1, B2 and D

Frame Word
Inverted Frame Word
M-channel bits, M1-M6

Frame Structure for TEI Management

Control Address Opening

Flag

Information

6
235-240

216
19-234

The CL channel (M bits) is a 4-kbit/s pipe designed to convey maintenance information over the local loop.
This channel comprises:
- the EOC commands (Embedded Operations Channel) used by the LT to send operation commands
to the NT1 (Loopback request, etc.),
- a CRC information for each multi-frame sent,
- other information such as Activation and Deactivation command and indications
(ACT, SAI, DEA...), FEBE, etc.

F
L
D
E

=
=
=
=

2B+D
FW
IFW
CL

2 bits offset

Closing
Flag

Frames and Addresses Packets.

Provides error-free node-to-node
connections and flow control.
Provides mapping between Network
Layer addresses.
Works in units of frames.

CL

12 x (2B+D)

FW / IFW

Physical

DA-5

UA

Terminal Adapter (TA): equipment that supports ISDN call set up

and provides an interface for connecting to TE2s.

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

Connection of any ISDN BRA protocol analyzer to

the U interface for the maintenance of ISDN
lines and equipment from any site along the
local loop: access, repeater or central office.

ISDN PRA Tester

SABME

Terminal Equipment 2 (TE2): end-user equipment for non-ISDN

environments (typically uses an RS232 interface).

OSI Model

ISDN U-Interface Monitor

First expert system on the market dedicated to the troubleshooting

and maintenance of ISDN installations (access, equipment, private
networks), ISDNpartner introduces a totally new concept into
the ISDN test equipment world: the capability to detect, locate
and solve problems without having to be an expert!
This expert system is a software running on PC,
and is compatible with the IBT-5, IBT-10/-10U, IBT-20,
SST-1, DA-5 and DominoWAN ISDN.

Install the Phone

Network Termination 2 (NT2): handles function of an NT1 plus layer 2

and layer 3 functions such as multiplexing, switching and concentration.

IUM-10

ETSI message type

1
0
1
1
1
1
1

Call establishment
Alerting
Call Proceeding
Progress
Setup
Connect
Setup Acknowledge
Connect Acknowledge

20
21
22
24
25
26
28
2D
2E
30
31
33
37

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1

0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1

Call Information Phase

User Information
Suspend Reject
Resume Reject
Hold
Suspend
Resume
Hold Acknowledge
Suspend Acknowledge
Resume Acknowledge
Hold Reject
Retrieve
Retrieve Acknowledge
Retrieve Reject

45
46
4D
4E
5A

0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1

0
0
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
0

0
1
0
1
1

1
0
1
0
0

Call Clearing
Disconnect
Restart
Release
Restart Acknowledge
Release Complete

60
62
64
6E
75
79
7B
7D

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1

0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

Miscellaneous
Segment
Facility
Register
Notify
Status Enquiry
Congestion Control
Information
Status

1
2
3
6
7
16
17
18
19
21
22
26
27
28
29
30
31
34
38
41
42
43
44
47
49
50
53
55
57
58
63
65
66
69
70
79
81
82
83
84
85
86
88
90
91
95
96
97
98

Hex.
Hex. Bit
8=1
01
02
03
06
07
10
11
12
13
15
16
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
22
26
29
2A
2B
2C
2F
31
32
35
37
39
3A
3F
41
42
45
46
4F
51
52
53
54
55
56
58
5A
5B
5F
60
61
62

81
82
83
86
87
90
91
92
93
95
96
9A
9B
9C
9D
9E
9F
A2
A6
A9
AA
AB
AC
AF
B1
B2
B5
B7
B9
BA
BF
C1
C2
C5
C6
CF
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D8
DA
DB
DF
E0
E1
E2

99
63
100
64
101
65
102
66
111
6F
127
7F
Other values

E3
E4
E5
E6
EF
FF

Cause Name
Unallocated (unassigned) number
No route to specified transit network
No route to destination
Channel unacceptable
Call awarded and being delivered in an established channel
Normal call clearing
User busy
No user responding
No answer from user (user alerted)
Call rejected
Number changed
Non-selected user clearing
Destination out of order
Invalid number format
Facility rejected
Response to "Status enquiry"
Normal, unspecified
No circuit/channel available
Network out of order
Temporary failure
Switching equipment congestion
Access information discarded
Requested circuit/channel not available
Resources unavailable, unspecified
Quality of service unavailable
Requested facility not subscribed
Outgoing calls barred within CUG
Incoming calls barred within CUG
Bearer capability not authorized
Bearer capability not presently available
Service or option not available, unspecified
Bearer capability not implemented
Channel type not implemented
Requested facility not implemented
Only restricted digital information bearer capability is available
Service or option not implemented, unspecified
Invalid call reference value
Identified channel does not exist
A suspended call exists, but this call identity does not exist
Call identity in use
No call suspended
Call having the requested call identity has been cleared
Incompatible destination
Non-existent CUG
Invalid transit network selection
Invalid message, unspecified
Mandatory information element is missing
Message type non-existent or not implemented
Message not compatible with call state or message type
non-existent or not implemented
Information element/parameter non-existent or not implemented
Invalid information element contents
Message not compatible with call state
Recovery on timer expiry
Protocol error, unspecified
Interworking, unspecified
Reserved

X.25 Packet
Bearer mode
X.31 case A
SETUP
SAPI=

i
ECT B
CONN
0
I=
P
A
S

Global Headquarters
20400 Observation Drive
Germantown, Maryland 20876-4023 USA
Toll free 1-800-638-2049
Tel +1-301-353-1550
Fax +1-301-444-8468

X.31 case B - X.25/B

BC = unrestricted data
CLD = X.25 gateway
CHI = B channel only

SETUP
SAPI=

i
ECT B
CONN
0
SAPI=

BC = Packet Bearer
CLD = not present
CHI = Any B channel

CON
CALL

DATA
ISDN network is not informed of the B-channel content.
Multiplex is not possible

SAPI=

D
To the nearest Packet Handler

To the X.25 gateway

B

SETUP

CALL

CALL

X.31 case B - X.25/D

ONF

C
CALL

DATA
ISDN network can multiplex X.25 connection in the first switch.

ECT D
CONN
0
SAPI=
DISCO
NNEC
T
SAPI=
0
CALL
SAPI=
16

BC = Packet Bearer
CLD = not present
CHI = D channel only

North America
20400 Observation Drive
Germantown, Maryland 20876-4023 USA
Toll free 1-800-638-2049
Tel +1-301-353-1550
Fax +1-301-444-8468

West Europe
Arbachtalstrasse 6
D-72800 Eningen u. A.
Germany
Tel +49 7121 86 2222
Fax +49 7121 86 1222

Latin America
Av. Eng. Luis Carlos Berrini
936-8/9 Andar
04571-000 So Paulo, SP
Brazil
Tel +55 11 5503 3800
Fax +55 11 5505 1598

East Europe, Middle East & Africa

Elisabethstrasse 36
Postfach 13
A-2500 Baden
Austria
Tel +43 2252-85521 0
Fax +43 2252-80727

Asia-Pacific
42, Clarendon Street
PO Box 141
South Melbourne, Victoria 3205
Australia
Tel +61 3 9690 6700
Fax +61 3 9690 6750

1st Neopalimovskiy per. 15/7 (4th floor)

119121 Moscow
Russia
Tel +7 095 248 2508
Fax +7 095 248 4189

CAUSE = 07
CLD = X.25 address

CONF
CALL
16
SAPI=
DATA
SAPI=16

ISDN network can multiplex X.25 connection in the first switch.

BC = Bearer capability
CLD = Called address
CHI = Channel identification

Regional Sales Headquarters

Acterna is present in more than 80 countries.

To find your local sales office, go to www.acterna.com
E-mail Address: isdn@acterna.com

LL/RN/PO1/21/AE

TE 1

Customer Central
Premises Office

PBX

- Printed in France

Terminals