The Summary of The Practice Of Language Teaching

Chapter 6
Popular Methodology
A. Approaches, methods, procedures, and techniques
A1. Audio-lingualism

Audio-lingualism is based on the structural view of language

and the behaviorist theory of language learning. It is a method that

often use some drills to make the students constantly learning, it
help the students in avoiding mistakes by design the drills. Audiolingual methodology can help students to remember new
vocabulary and mastering vocabulary.

A2. Presentation, practice, and production

In this method there are three procedures, presentation,

practice, and production. It is in a stage where teachrs will introduce

the topic, and students will start to build personal understanding
about the given topic by the teacher.

A3. PPP and alternatives to PPP

In this method the students learn in straight lines. It is starting

from condition that the students have no knowledge, and then

through highly restricted sentenced-based utterances and on to
immediate production.

A4. The communicative approach

Communicative language teaching is based on the idea that

learning language successfully comes through having to

communicate real meaning. When learners are involved in real
communication, their natural strategies for language acquisition will
be used, and this will allow them to learn to use the language.

A5. Task- based learning

In TBL the students are given a task and in that task the

students have to slove the problem. TBL are appropriate for the
beginners or younger learners because there are many tasks in this
method.

A6. Four Methods

Four methods frequently described, together, as humanistic
approaches because on three out of the four cases at least, the
designers concerned to to lower the students affective filters. There
are four methods Community Language Learning, The Silent Way,
Suggestopedia, and Total Physical Response.

A7. Humanistic teaching

In this method the students can use their own lives as well as
their feelings in the classroom. They can use their experience in the
past as an example of active or passive verbforms related to their
past experiences. And then in the end of activity they will be
understand a lot of relationship between active and passive verb
forms.

A8. The Lexical approach

Facts about the composition of the language will certainly
draws our attention to this approach. It has not yet done is make the
leap from that stage to a set of pedagogic principles or syllabus
specifications which could be incorporated into a method.

B. What methodology ?
B1. Methods and culture

Many of the approaches and teaching methods are based on

western idea on what constitutes good learning. Teaching and
learning is a contract between two parties for which they both need
to agree the terms. It is not one sided affair. Teachers need to
understand the students want and expectations just as much as
they are determined to push their own methodological beliefs.
However, this does not necessarily mean that they have to abandon
their own theories because the students are not used to what their
teacher wants to do. It means that some accommodation has to be
reached between what the two parties want to expect.

B2. Making choices

The conclusion is there is a doubt about which approaches and

methods are best and most appropriate for our teaching situations.
Each approach and method has each advantages and
disadvantages. The teachers should be smart to compare one

approach and method with another approach and method so the

learning process will be perfect.