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7.6 Ophtalmologic Applications

Mama F. Wog>

Light that penetrates into the eye is partially

refracted in the cornea, passes through the aqueous
humor and the pupil (the opening in the center of the
iris), it further refracted in the crystalline lens, passes
through the vitreous humor, and converges on the
retina (Fig.1) Diverse polymeric devices, such as
spectacles, contact lenses, and intraocular implants,
are used to correct the optical function of the eye. The
materials used in spectacle lenses are outside the scope
of this chapter. Contact lenses, however, being in
intimate contact with the tissues of the eye, are subject
to the same regulations that govern the use of implant
materials, and they are included in thas chapter with
other
biomaterials used to preserve and to restore
vision, such as intraocular implants.

CONTACT LENSES
General Properties
Contact lenses are optical devices that must have good

transmission of visible light. Pigments and dyes are

added to some contact lenses for cosmetic effect. Contact
lenses also may have ultraviolet (UV) light-absorbing
additives, usually copolymerized in the contact lens
material to protect the eye from the harmful effects of UV
light. UV light absorbed by the normal crystalline lens is
harmful to the retina and also may contribute to the
clouding of the lens (cataract) (Miller, 1817).