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When a generator set is installed to automatically provide standby power in the event of
mains failure, a load transfer panel or automatic transfer switch is required. The transfer panel
is designed to sense when the mains has failed, signal the generator set to start, switch the
load from the failed mains to the generator set and then switch it back after the mains is reestablished. See below.
8 & 24
7 & 24
7 & 24
13 & 93
7M & 90
General Operation
When the micro controller is operating correctly the green heartbeat LED will flash. The MTi
changeover system monitors the mains voltage, if the control system detects that the mains
supply voltage has fallen below a predetermined setpoint a timer is enabled, 2MT (mains fail
timer). Also the corresponding red LED will illuminate to indicate the phase on which the
undervoltage was sensed. If the mains is still below the setpoint when 2MT has timed out
then the MTi will open the mains contactor to disconnect the mains from load. Then the N/O
contact will close to link the two wires of the generator control system autostart (as shown
above). The generator will start and once up to rated speed and voltage a timer will be
enabled, AT. AT is the alternator timer which will time out and then allow the generator
contactor to close, the load will now be supplied by the genset.
The MTi will still monitor the mains for when it returns. As soon as the mains returns and is
above a healthy level setpoint, 1MT (mains return timer) will be enabled. If the mains is still
present and within limits after 1MT times out the generator contactor will open to disconnect
the genset from mains. DBT (Deadband Timer) will now start to time and once complete the
mains contactor will close reconnecting the load to the mains again. The genset will continue
to run, due to ROT (run on timer), this is enabled as soon as the generator is taken off load
and the purpose of this is so that the genset is allowed some time to run with no load for
cooling purposes. Once ROT has timed out then the N/O contact connecting the two autostart
wires will open and the generator will shut down awaiting the next mains fail.
Timer Settings
There are 5 main timers used on the MTi PCB. These are:
Timer
name
2MT
AT
1MT
DBT
ROT
Timer
function
Mains fail
timer
Alternator
timer
Mains return
timer
Dead band
timer
Run On
Timer
Timer details
Time from mains failure to the issue of generator start
signal
Time from generator available to generator contactor
close signal
Time from mains available to generator contactor
open signal
Time between generator contactor open signal and
mains contactor close signal and vice versa
Time from generator contactor open signal to gen
stop signal
Timer
range
1s 60s
0s 60s
6s
2m40s
28m
0s 15s
2m40s
3s 8m
45s
The timers are changed using on board DIP switches SW1 and SW2 and are defined
according to the diagram below.
Default
Settings
6s
7s
If fitted, this option allows a remote indication of the status LEDs that are mounted on the MTi
panel. A 10 way ribbon cable connected to connector EC11 on the MTi PCB sends the
appropriate signals to a matching status display PCB
Mains/Generator voltage level threshold
The MTi allows the mains and generator fail/return points to be set on site without the use of
variable AC supplies. This is done with use of a calibrated multimeter and applying the
measured DC values to an equation to calculate the exact AC setpoint.
There are six potentiometers on the PCB called MA, MB, MC, GA, GB and GC. These pots
are for adjusting the setpoint for each phase sensed from the mains and generator. The fail
setpoint is set typically 10% lower than the rated line to neutral voltage. The return setpoint is
then automatically set for 4.5% above the fail point. To give an example:
If the voltage system was 415/240v the fail point would be 240 x 0.9 = 216v. The healthy
return point would then be 216 x 1.045 = 226v.
Control Switches
The main control switch on the front of the panel has three positions:AUTO The normal position for automatic operation.
TEST WITHOUT TRANSFER For testing the generator set without connecting the load.
This switch will start the generator immediately.
TEST WITH TRANSFER For testing the generator set with the load connected. This switch
simulates a mains failure by disconnecting a phase from the PCB and the MTi will operate as
for a mains failure.
In addition to the main control switch there is a Control Bypass key switch for use by service
personnel only. In the normal position the MTi operates normally. The other two positions
allow for the service personnel to manually connect the load to the operating generator set or
to the mains supply. This switch would be used if the MTi PCB has been damaged or the
timer settings are to be changed.
Status LEDs
The front of the door has the status LEDs, maintenance switch and main control switch.
There are four status LEDs as shown.
Pressing the Lamp Test Button, located on the front of the door, will illuminate them for
testing.
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