LandscapeApproachon

CommunityForest
AgusSetyarso
PresentedinthePEFCStakeholderDialogueonSustainable
LandscapesforSustainableLivelihoods:harnessingthepower
offorestcertification&sustainablesupplychains
Bali,18November2016

Pointstodiscuss
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

LandscapeinIndonesiaperspective
CommunityforestsinIndonesiaperspective
Managementofthelandscape
FMUinthelandscapeframework
FMUandcommunityforest
Remainingchallenges

LandscapeinIndonesia
Perspective

A.Academicreasoning
1) Amozaicscenerycomposedofinterrelated
arrangementofecotypes,hydrologivaltypes,
demographicaltypes,andlandusetypes
2) Boundaryofthelandscapeisrelativelyflexible,
dependingontheobjectiveoflandscapemanagement
3) Landscapemanagementhasnotbeenclearlydefinedin
Indonesia

B.LandandforestgovernanceinIndonesia
Spatialplaning
Privatelygovernedland(HGU,HM)
Communalgovernedland(adat land)
Stateforestland
Forestlandallocatedfornonforestryuses(APL) governedbylocal
government

C.Watershedasthemostpossiblelandscape
buildingblocks
1) Watershedisthfrontieroflifesupportingsystem
2) Indonesiaisanarchipelagostate varioustypesofwatershedsthat
generatespecificfunctionsanddynamicsinthelivelihood
3) Watershedischaracterisedbybiophysical,hydrological,and
phytogeographicalarrangement ecotypeandlandsystembases
4) Watershedisstructurallygoverned:
DGforwatershedandprotectionforestatMoEFor,DGforriverandwater
bodyatMoPW
Centerforwatershedmanagement,centerforriverandwaterbody
managementattheprovinces

CommunityForestinIndonesia
Perspective
A. Forest
B. Forestfunctions,forestmanagement,forestutilisation
C. Communityforest

A.Forest
Forestryshallbeanintegratedsystemofmanagementpertainingto
forests,forestarea,forestproducts.
Forestshallbeanintegralaunitofecosystemintheformoflands
containingbiologicalresources,dominatedbytreesintheirnatural
environment.
Forestareashallbeacertainareawhichisdesignatedandor
stipulatedbygovernmenttobepreservedaspermanentforest
ForestryLawsNo.41/1999

B.Forestfunctions,forestmanagement,
forestutilisation
1) Byfunction,forestareasarecategorisedas:
Conservationforest
Protectionforest
Productionforest

2) Forestmanagement:
Managedbytheownersonprivateforestland
Managedbythecommunityoncommunalforestland/adatland
Managedbythegovernmentonstateforestland
Conservation centralgovernment
Protection,production managedbysubnationalgovernment

3) Forestutilisation:
Byforestowners
Byforestmanagers
Byconcessionaireholders

Communityforests
1) Forestsonprivateland(HR)
2) Forestundercommunal/adatforests
3) Communitylegalschemeonstateforestland

Villageforest(HD)
Communityforestryholder(HKm)
Communityplantationforest(HTR)
Communityforestpartnership(HRK)

FMUinthelandscapeframework

A.FMUinthelegalsetting
theForestryLaw(LawNo.41/1999)stipulatesthat
ForestManagementUnits(FMUs)aretobe
establishednotonlyinproductionforest,but
coveringallforestareasandfunctions
landscaping.
Foralltypesofforestbenefits,theirexistenceand
preservation,foreststandsorstockconstitutethe
naturalwealthatthelandscapelevelthatneedsto
beprotectedbytheFMUoperators.

B.LandscapeandFMUintheforestryplanning
system
ForestryPlanningSystemsisbasicallyaforestlandscapeapproach,in
combinationwithregionaldevelopmentplanning
Basic:
ForestryLawsNo41/1999
DevelopmentPlanningLawsNo25/2004
EnvironmentalLawsNo32/2009

ImplementationunderFMU settingofalignment

FMUsengineeringdesignatprovincelevel
FMUbasedREDD+approach
FMUBasedregionaldevelopmentplanning
WatershedbasedFMUdesignandplanning

C.FMUinthewatershedbasis
FMUistobeestablishedbyconsideringwatershedformation
FMUistoimplementwatershedmanagementonforestareas

FMUconfigurationatBerauWatershed,EastKalimantan
KPHP Berau Utara (Unit VI)
Luas : 322.439 ha

KPHP Berau Tengah (Unit XV)

Luas : 362.229 ha
KPHP Berau Pantai (Unit XVI)
Luas : 193.180 ha

KPHP Berau Barat (Unit XII)

Luas : 786.021 ha

KPHandREDD+targetareas,RiauProvince
(KamparPeninsular)

FMUandforestrycertification

A.Typesofcertification
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Timberproductionmanagementcertification
Nontimberproductionmanagementcertification
Environmentalservicescertification
Certificationalongsupplychain(chainofcustody)
Personalcompetencycertification

B.DesignforFMUcertification
Basicdesign:singlecertificationmanagementunderFMU
Structures:
Governingindividualforestryoperatorcertification
(encouragement,coordination,supervision,guidance,
promotion,informationmanagement)
AggregatecertificationunderFMUmanagement
(collaboration,controlsystem,informationmanagement
system)
Mixgovernanceoncertification

C.FMUandcommunityforest
1) FMUistogoverncommunityforestryonstateforestland
2) AdatforestsmaybesystematicallymanagedbyownFMU
3) Adatforestsmaybeincomanagementwithstate
governedforestry
4) FMUistocollaborateormanagedinpartnershipwith
Communityforestoutsidethestateforestland
5) FMUistofacilitatecertificationoncommunityforests

Case:BerauBaratFMU,East
Kalimantan

Case: KPH/FMU Berau Barat

Licensetype

Hectarage inFMU
area

Pt.InhutaniI(UnitSegahHulu)

IUPHHKHA

9.372

PT.SumalindoJayaIV

IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHA

62.145
134.820

PT.AmindoWanaPersada

IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHA

55.087
48.787

PT.AdityaKiranaMandiri

IUPHHKHA

37.593

PT.WanaBaktiPersada

IUPHHKHA

47.157

PT.MardikaInsanMulia
PT.KaryaLestari
PT.UtamiDamaiIndah
PT.GunungGajahAbadi
PT.BelantaraPusaka
Total

IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHA
IUPHHKHTI

38.117

Company

PT.InhutaniI(UnitLabanan)
PT.AquilaSilva

47.667
6.372
7.265
13.198
507.582

Forestareaallocatedforotheruses

Licensedto otheruses
1.PKP2B(Mining Licenseissuedbycentralgovt)
2.IUP(MininglicensesissuedbyLocalgovt(9 units)
Total

Hectarage
28.082,27
21.138,764
49.221,04

Potentialareasforcommunityforestry(FMU
particularareas,beyondlicensedareas
PARTICULARAREA
I WPPadaHutanProduksi
WT1(HP1)
WTII(HP2)
JumlahI
II WPPadaHutanLindung
WTIII(HL1)
WTIV(HL2)
WTV(HL3)
WTVI(HL4)
JumlahII
Total(I+II)

HECTARAGE
9.578,23
15.153,87
24.732,10
91.086,55
140.933,55
8.271,29
11.084,12
251.375,51
276.107,61

Potentialcommunityforestryschemes
Villageforest(HD),communityforestry(HKM),communitytimber
plantation(HTR),hutanrakyat(HR),communityconservation(orang
utan)
Commodities:timber,nontimber,carbon,amenities,biodiversity
scientificobjects
ThereexistsprotectionforestmanagedbycommunitiesatSungai
Lesan(HLSL)KelaySubdistrict 10.000Ha,incollaborationwith
DistrictGovernment,CenterforNatureConservation(BKSDA),NGOs
(TNC,Menapak)

Remainingchallenges

1. Changingmindset
a. Fromdeskworkinspectiontotakingtheleadin
managingforestsatsite
b. Eliminatingforestrentmentalattitude
c. Fromtakingroyaltiesandtaxestodistributionof
benefits includingmaximisinginternalrevenuesfor
theSubnationalGovernments
d. Fromtimberorientedtoallpotentialforestrybased
businesses(NTFP,environmentservices)
e. Fromawardinglicensestosharingbasedpartnership

2. Professionalism:
a. GR06/2007:FMUshouldbeoperatedbyprofessionals,
demonstratedbycompetencycertificatesissuedbythird
partyindependentprofessionalcertificationbodies
b. FMUpartnershipapproachrequiresporfessionalismin
managementandbusiness
c. FMUneedsfor3000newrecruitsannually,with
specifiedqualification
d. Personalcompetencycertificationhasalready
commencedandcontinuing

4. FMUperformance massivecapacitybuilding
5. Needsforregulatoryreformparticularlyinthecontextof
forestutilisation
a. StrongerregulationonFMUbusinesspartnership
b. Strengthenregulationonlegalityverification TLAS
c. ClearregulationontherelationshipbetweenForestryOfficeand
FMU
d. StrongerregulationonFMUbasedinvestment
e. Regulationonfacilitationofmultipleproductandservicesunder
FMUmanagement
f. ClearregulationonrelationshipbetweenFMUmanagementand
adat(IP)forestrights

THANKYOU