RERUM

HC: THIS ENCYCLICAL WAS PROMPTED BY THE ILL EFFECTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIO
N AND THE SOCIAL
INJUSTICE.
ISSUES: THERE WERE CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE CAPITALISTS AND THE WORKING CLASS BECAU
SE THE WORKER' CONDITION WASS AGGRAVATED BY THE UNRESTRAINED COMPETITION OF RIGI
D CAPITALISM.
QUADRA
HC: MANY STARTED TO QUESTION THE INCREASING CONCENTRATION OF WEALTH IN THE HAN
DS OF FEW. THE WHOLE ECONOMIC LIFE HAD BECOME HARD AND CRUEL FOR A MAJORITY OF P
EOPLE SO PIUS X POINTED OUT THESE ISSUES.
ISSUES: THERE WERE MANY ISSUES LIKE THE WEALTH OF THE RICH WERE NOT SHARED, WORK
ERS WERE RECEIVING LOW WAGES AND SIN HAS PENETRATED INTO THE STRUCTURES OF SOCIE
TY AND MADE IT HARD TO TRACE THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF INDIVIDUALS.
PACEM:
HC: ST JOHN XXIII CONTENDED THAT PEACE COULD BE ATTAINED ONLY IF THE ORDER DESIG
NED BY GOD IS OBSERVED. HE LINKED PEACE WITH JUSTICE. HE STRESSED A FEW ISSUES.
ISSUES: THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF PEOPLE MUST BE RESECTED BY ALL, THERE SHOULD BE
MUTUAL COOPERATION, AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIALISM.
GAUDIUM:
HC: VATICAN II INITIATED A NEW WAY OF THINKIN IN THE CHURCH, PRODUCING SIXTEEN D
OCUMENTS, INLCUDING GAUDIUM ET SPES.
ISSUES: THE DUTY OF THE CHURCH WHICH IS TO SERVE THE WORLD, HUMAN BEINGS BEING T
HE SOURCE AND THE PURPOSE OF ALL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE AND PEACE BEING JUSTIC
E THROUGHOUT SOCIETY.
POPULORUM:
HC: PAUL VI PROPOSED THE CHRISTIAN VISION OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT WHICH IS INTEGRAL
, COVERING ALL ASPECTS OF HUMAN LIFE,=.
ISSUES: THE PROBLEMS OF POVERTY AND INJUSTICE HAD TAKEN ON AN INTERNATIONAL DIME
NSION.
OCTOGESIMA:
HC: THIS LETTER TURNED OUT TO BE A CALL TO ACTION. THE WHOLE CHURCH, SPECIFICALL
Y THE LOCAL CHURCHES, WAS SUMMONED TO RESPOND TO THE SPECIFIC SITUATIONS OF PEOP
LE AND APPLY THE GOSPEL PRINCIPLES.
ISSUES: THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF CAPITALISM WERE QUESTIONED AND THE WOMEN AN
D YOUTH WERE IN A PITIFUL CONDITION.
JUSTITIA:
HC: THROUGH THIS ENCYCLICAL, THE BISHOPS REQUIRED THAT JUSTICE BE ACTUALIZED IN
THE CHURCH'S LIFESTYLE AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES LOCALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY.
ISSUES: THERE WAS AN ESCALATING SEVERITY AND SERIOUSNESS OF INJUSTICE THROUGH OP
PRESSION AND OTHER FORM OF ABUSES WORLDWIDE.

EVANGELII:
HC: THE BIRTH OF THE ENCYCLICAL WAS BECAUSE OF THE APOSTOLIC EXHORTATION ON EVAN
GELIZATION IN THE MODERN WORLD.
ISSUES: THE MEANING OF EVANGELIZATION AND THE PEOPLE BEING FAITHFUL TO THE GOSPE
L.
LABOREM:
HC: JOHN PAUL II DEVELOPED THE INSIGHT PROPOSING A SPIRITUALITY OF HUMAN WORK.
ISSUES: SOCIAL INJUSTICE CONTRIBUTED BY ANYTHING THAT ILL OPPOSES THE DIGNITY OF
WORK.
SOLLICITUDO:
HC: THE NEED FOR GENERAL FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES THAT MUST BE THE BASIS FOR THE T
ECHNICAL MEASURES INSTITUTIONS GAVE BIRTH TO THIS ENCYCLICAL.
ISSUES: THE CHURCH DOES NOT OFFER A TECHNICAL SOLUTION TO SOCIAL PROBLEMS.
CENTESIMUS:
HC: ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF RERUM NOVAARUM, JOHN PAUL II RELEASED THIS ENCYC
LICAL TO REVIEW THE FUNDAMENTAL TEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH THAT DEVELOPED OVER THE
PAST 100 YEARS.
ISSUES: THE GRAVE VIOLATIONS OF THE DIGNITY OF HUMAN PERSONS,CRITICAL JUDGEMENT
ON CAPITALISM AND RIGID SOCIALISM AND THE THE SPIRITUALITY OF THE STRUGGLE FOR S
OCIAL JUSTICE.
CARITAS:
HC: THE POPE URGES EVERYONE TO BE MOTIVATED NOT JUST BY PROFIT, BUT ALSO BY CHRI
STIAN ETHICS AND MORAL RESPONSIBILIY.
ISSUES: THERE WERE PROBLEMS ON GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS IN TRUTH-FILLED L
OVE...

MATER ET MAGISTRA:
HC: THE BACKDROP FOR WRITING MATER AT MAGISTRA WERE THE TREMENDOUS CHANGES THAT
HAD TAKEN PLACE IN WORLD POLITICS AFTER WWII, NAMELY THE INDEPENDENCE OF THIRD W
ORLD COUNTRIES.
ISSUES: THERE WERE ISSUES ABOUT DEVELOPED AND UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES, WORLD PO
PULATION AND RESOURCES...