Section A

Answer all question

[ 60 marks ]

1. S

Diagram 1

Diagram 1 shows the structure of a plasma membrane.

a) Name the structures labelled P, Q, R and S.

P:

Q:

R:

S:
[4 marks]

b) (i) Name the model of the plasma membrane in Figure 1.

..........................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the unique characteristic of the plasma membrane?

[1 mark]

c) (i) Name one substance that can move across the plasma membrane through R.

..
[1 mark]
 (ii) Name the process where the substance mentioned in (c)(i) can be transported
into the cell.

..................
[1 mark]
(iii) Explain your answer in (c)(ii)

......

......

......
[2 marks]

d) Give two differences between process in (c)(ii) with active transport.

..

..
[2 marks]
2. (a) The names of most enzymes are derived from the names of the substrates they catalyses.
In Table 1, match the following substrates with the specific enzymes that involved in the
digestive
system of humans .

Substrate Enzyme

Lactose

Sucrose

Starch (Amylose)

Table 1
[3 marks
(b) (i) Figure 2 shows the lock and key hypothesis in enzyme action.

+ +

I II III IV V

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 Figure 1

Draw the diagram in the spaces IV and V provided in Figure 1 to complete the
mechanism of the enzyme reaction.
[2 marks]
(c) Based on Figure 1, describe
(i) The characteristic of the enzyme explained by this hypothesis.

[2 marks]
(ii) the enzymes action based on this hypothesis

.......................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................
.....
[3 marks]

(d) The effect of different substrate concentrations on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction
can be seen on the graph in Figure 1.2
Rate of reaction

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Q

Substrate concentration
Figure 1.2
(i) Based on the graph in
Figure 1.2, explain the enzymes action at Q.

..............................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................

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 ......................................................................................................................................

................................

[2 marks]

3. Diagram 2 shows a stage in cell division in a somatic cell of an organism.

Diagram 2
(a) (i) Name the parts labelled P and Q.

P:...................................................................

Q: .................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) What happen to Q during mitosis?

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Name the stage that would occur after the stage in Diagram 2.

..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw the cell at the stage in cell division that you have stated in (b)(i)

[2 marks]

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(c) Diagram 3 shows one of the stages in the cell division in a reproductive organ of the organism.

Diagram 3
What has occurred at X? Explain.

.............................................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]
(d) Cancer cells are formed after normal cells are exposed to several factors.
(i) Explain the formation of cancer cells.

............................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) State two factors that cause the formation of cancer cells.

.............................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

4. The diagram 4 shows the cross section of a leaf.

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 Diagram 4

(a) (i) Name parts labelled P and Q.

P: ..............................................................................................................

Q: ............................................................................................................
[2 mark]
(ii) What are the functions of P and Q?

P: ...............................................................................................................

Q: ...............................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(b) Name the process and gas that moves from S to the atmosphere during day time.

Process: ...............................................................................................................

Gas: .....................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) Draw arrow on the above diagram to show the pathway of gaseous exchange in the leaf during
respiration.
[1 marks]
(d) Explain the reason why cell R always have moist surface.

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(e) (i) Name the period when there is not net movement of gases through P.

......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain when the situation in (e)(i) happens.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
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 [2 marks]
5. Diagram 5 shows the longitudinal section of the human heart.

S R

Diagram 5

(a) (i) Name the structure labelled V.

.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain the function of V.

..........................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
(b) (i) Name the structure labelled R and S.

R:.......................................................................................................................

S:......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) State the function of structures R and S.

...........................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
( c) (i) Do the contractions of the cardiac muscle need to be stimulated by nerve impulse?

..............................................................................................................................
.
.............................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
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 (ii) Explain your answer in ( c) (i).

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(d) In what ways is the amphibians heart different from the human heart?

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(e) (i) Name the circulatory system of a fish.

.....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(f) State two characteristics of the circulatory system of a fish.

.......................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

SECTION B
Answer any two questions
[ 40 marks ]

6. a. The question below is about the animal and plant cell.

i.) Animal and plant cell share some similar features. State the function of these features.
[4 marks]
ii.) Name certain features that plant cells have but animal cell do not. Why do plant cell need
these features while animal cell do not? [6
marks]

b.
In multicellular animal and plants, cells are specialized into different types of
tissues with different function

i.) Name four type of animal tissues and give function of each of the tissues named
[5 marks]
ii.) Name four types of plant and give function of each of the tissue named
[5 marks]
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7. Diagram 6 shows three organisms P, Q and R.

Diagram 6
(a) (i) Describe the type of nutrition in P and Q.
[4 marks]
(ii) Explain one similarity and four differences between the alimentary canal of Q
and R. [10 marks]
(b) Constipation, night blindness and anaemia are three health problems. State the cause and
suggest
the ways to overcame these health problems from nutricional aspects.
[6 marks]

8. a) The diagram shows the penetration of more ultraviolet radiation due to the
thinning of the ozone layer.

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 Discuss the effects of the thinning of the ozone layer on the environment and lives on
Earth. Suggest ways to solve this problem. [10 marks]

b) The diagram shows two agriculture activities which use chemical products.

Discuss the good and bad effects of both the activities shown in above diagram. The
discussion should be based on the impact to agriculture and environment.
[10 marks]

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9.

[4 mark]

[6 mark]

[10 mark]

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