Essentials of public administration

Public administration is different, primarily, by the very nature of private administrative or

public, thus being put into service and the general interest of society or a community
is. Public administration should not be confused, do not identify neither with the state
administration, as it has a wider scope of coverage and is done not only through the work of
state bodies, but also by the work of other subjects, including local governments, independent
utilities and public institutions.
The public administration aims at making figures for the interests of the state or a community
distinct, recognized as such by the values that are expressed in documents prepared by the
legislative power. By its very object "organize the execution and enforcement of the law
Public administration is closely linked to the legislative power and the judiciary whose
decisions are enforced and performed in public administration, the need can resort to coercive
statal .
Public administration is closely linked to the executive but not match exactly with the
executive showing a wider scope of coverage. As I mentioned before public administration is
done so the executive power (government and ministries) and the local public administration
authorities, who are not executive bodies and the autonomous institutions and social-cultural,
also They are not executive bodies. Content public administration is given two categories of
activities: character device and activities providers.
Through its executive character, which sets out what to do or not do, something that is
allowed or forbidden subjects of law, individuals or legal, government can intervene in some
cases with sanctions for failure to conduct prescribed. This business executive character mood
is achieved through legal acts and material acts by government bodies and their officials as
specific activities Main.
This is a complex and laborious process that goes through several phases: research, studies,
opinions, choices, choices deliberations. Benefit activities of executive character is done all
based in law enforcement, ex officio or at the request of individuals or legal entities. Benefits
are made by government bodies and officials in various fields of activity.
And this category of activities are carried out all legal acts and especially by material facts, on
the basis and conditions stipulated by law. Sometimes the benefits are executed under
contracts concluded between public administration subjects and recipients of benefits. To
organize the execution of laws and enforcement in specific law, the nature of the two
categories mentioned above, is carried out not only by government bodies but also the
legislative and judicial.
These activities appear to activities subsidiary to those specific to these organs and bodies that
made them seem not as subjects of the law or of legislative power, but the administrative
authorities, the governing bodies of administrative respective institutions. The organization of
the execution of the law and its enforcement is done and by private organizations, their work
being the public interest required by law in accordance with its provisions.
These subjects is true not part of the system of organization of public administration . Public
administration can be defined as the activity of organizing and executing the actual law,
character device and provider, which is done mainly by public administration and in the
alternative and other state bodies as well as private organizations and interest public.

The notion of public administration, compared to the guidance above, in the sense formal
"organically raised the following public authorities: the President of Romania, the
Government, ministries and other bodies directly subordinate to the Government, specialized
central autonomous institutions under the Ministries: Specialized local organs subordinated to
ministries headed by prefect; local autonomous bodies and institutions subordinated to them.
In effect, functional material evokes the notion of public administration legal acts and
operations that run materials through the law, either by issuing subsequent norms or by
organizing or, where appropriate, direct provision of public services. In a concentrated
formulation, public administration can be defined as all activities Romanian President,
Government, autonomous administrative authorities of central, autonomous administrative
authorities and local, as appropriate, subordinated them that, in a public power shall be
fulfilled laws or , within the law is providing public services.

LOCAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Unlike the central government, competence at national level, local government has
jurisdiction only within the territorial-administrative unit in which it operates.Local
autonomy is considered one of the most effective forms of self-management administrative.If
we refer to the modern principles of organization of local government, we hold that the
organization of local public administration in Romania under the existing Constitution is
based on the principles fundalmentale currently prevailing, not only in Europe but throughout
the world.
Thus, in considering administrative doctrine traditionally principle
of decentralization in relation to that of centralization,devolution as intermediate
formula and federalism.
Centralization characterized by dependence on local and central bodies that define
decisions applicable in the territory, implies a strict subordination.Administrative
centralization is seen as the natural ratio of the central government with local, its opposite
would be no report, which is not possible.Decentralization is not the opposite of
centralization, but they decrease, diminishing concentration of powers. The problem is so
concerned about any nation, the degree's decentralization necessary, which varies according to
the territorial scope, size popula'iei, economic and political conditions existing traditions etc.
D escentralizarea administrative There are some public figures loale designated
territory community, with its own powers, intervening directly in the management and
administration of the community problems involving local autonomy.Thus, decentralization
drop the unit centralizing feature, reserving the local authorities, primarily the task to solve
problems and satisfy their specific interests.
Devolution is an interim measure in the decentralization process, f iind regarded as a
transfer of powers from the center to central government agencies at the head of various local
bodies; it is much less than the decentralization of certain powers and requires the recognition
of a decision in favor of state agents assigned throughout the country (prefect, external
services of ministriesrespond to the idea of devolution).In administrative doctrine were
traditionally identified two forms of decentralization, namely: territorial
decentralization anddecentralization technique or work. Territorial decentralization implies

the existence of elected authorities at the administrative-territorial units, the competent

authorities that have general studies. Decentralization technique or through services There are
somemoral person of public law that provide certain public services distinct from mass public
services provided by state authorities.Decentralization elements are: the legal personality,
solving their own business, local autonomy.
Local autonomy is the recognized right of administrative units to satisfy its own
interests as it sees fit, respecting legality,but without the intervention of central power. Local
autonomy is the fundamental principle of administrative-territorial organization of a state.
Local autonomy is a right, and administrative decentralization is a system that
implies. It should not be understood but in the sense of total freedom, eliminating any State
intervention when it proves necessary.
Central public administration authorities specialty are the exclusive authority of state
administration, while public authorities of the administrative-territorial units are divided
into: public services of the public administration specialist decentralized in administrativeterritorial units and autonomous administrative authorities of communes , cities and counties.