Running Head: ELEMENTARY PHILOSOPHY

Elementary Philosophy of Education

Tiffanie Campbell
HPE 430- Teach, Assess and Manage PE in Elementary
Dr. Nate Mitchell
9 October 2016

Abstract

ELEMENTARY PHILOSOPHY

The philosophy of education is the goals of education. In this paper we will be studying about the
three different types of goals that effect the elementary students in Physical Education. The first
one we will learn about is the psychomotor also known as the body domain. Second one we will
learn about is the cognitive or the mind domain. Last one we will study about is the affective or
soul domain. All of these are very important to the students and the teachers. We have to have all
of them to be able to help our students work toward their goals of education.

Introduction

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Physical Education has always had a strong influence on my life. I believe it all started
when I was in elementary school. I had two very influential PE teachers at Owens Cross Roads
Elementary School. They were both so energetic and passed on positive vibes every day in PE.
They would make it fun and motivational. I can honestly say that I am still just as excited about
Physical Education today as I was 25 years ago. In this paper I will be explaining about physical
education and how it effects the body (psychomotor), mind (cognitive), and souls (affective).
Physical Educators use these three areas as the goal achievers for physical education. I think that
each one of these play a major role in Physical Education to help the students learn and
perceiver.
Psychomotor (Body)
The first educational goal of a physical educator we will discuss is about the importance
of physical education to the elementary students body. It is also referred to as the psychomotor
domain. If the student does not receive the proper exercises in PE, their body will suffer from it.
Every student needs the proper exercises to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Such as, if you do not
get your physical activity in elementary you could suffer from heart problems, obesity, anxiety
and depression according to Cook, H. D., Kohl, H. W., & Institute of Medicine, (. (U.S.). 2013).
If you introduce the students to physical activity and tell them what it does to the body at a
young age you are more than likely will be able to retract their mind in the positive direction of
how to progress their bodies to be lifelong heathy bodies. In todays physical education classes,
we do not get enough vigorous physical activity. On a daily basis kids get 40% or less of
vigorous activity in their physical education class. I consider that a big negative for our society.
They should at least be getting about 30% more than that they are getting. When students are
only getting 40% they are not getting their maximum exercise to maintain a healthy lifestyle. I

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think this should be addressed and changed. The body is a machine that likes to move. In the
elementary it likes to move more than a secondary body so it really needs to have more activity.
If you have your students move and be more active it will help with the muscles and bones from
becoming settled and less likely cause a break or strain. We as educators need to keep our
children moving and on the go to focus on being better athletes and to have great physical shape
bodies. The teachers should offer a variety of games and activities for the students because
students get bored and are always wanting to do something else. They should also offer different
modifications for the learning disabled students they need physical activity too. So from learning
about the different aspects that can be used to help the body become better in PE I will focus on
helping my students strive and work hard to obtain a healthy body.
Cognitive (Mind)
The second educational goal of a physical educator we will discuss is about the
importance of physical education to the elementary students mind. It is also referred to as the
cognitive domain. The way that the mind works in physical education plays a big part of how
well they will perform in their class. An example of a how a student is faced with the cognitive
domain is by them participating in a sports lesson and at the end of the lesson the teacher asks
questions about the different skills that they are supposed to have learned. If the student is
learning and the cognitive domain is taking an effect, then they will be able to answer the
questions that the teacher is wanting them to answer. If they cannot answer the questions the
mind is not working to its full capacity. Therefore, we need to help the students understand more
while we are playing the sport. We as teachers will need to break down the skills more and teach
it more slowly so the students will be able to learn better. On another hand there are some
teachers that do not agree 100% with the cognitive learning because of their experiences they

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have had earlier in life according to

http://physicaleducationtoday.com/cognitivelearninginphysicaleducationclass. These teachers
that feel this way should never show that they disagree with it though because of the negative
vibe it may send to our students. It could influence the childs mind and have a negative
influence against physical education. There is one more thing about this domain is that it brings
out the athletes that like to compete against each other. It shows the teachers who will strive and
do whatever they need to do to win. Therefore, its a mind over matter situation. The students
strive so hard to win. So from learning about the cognitive domain I want to help my students
focus on how to improve themselves by teaching them to not just be physical but have the mind
to know why and how to be physical.
Affective (Soul)
The third and final educational goal of a physical educator we will discuss is about the
importance of physical education to the elementary students soul. It is also referred to as the
affective domain. The affective domain is derived from a Latin word known as feelings. The
attitude and motivation of the student is found in this domain. From working in the elementary
school I have learned there are lots of different attitudes of the students. The children can be
feeling very excited and happy one minute then it can all change in a second. The next emotion
they may have is feeling down and out like they cannot do anything. So as a teacher we should
make them feel important we should give the students positive and negative feedback on how
they can do better and work together with one another. The attitude of the students and teachers
also affect how they are motivated in the classroom and their willingness to participate. Such as,
if there is a positive attitude going on in the gym where everyone is having fun and participating
the child will want to do good and participate. If they are fighting all the time in the gym, yelling

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and screaming at one another it will make the child decide that they do not want to participate in
this crazy atmosphere. The motivation and attitude of the students can also be influenced by what
the teacher is portraying to the students. If the teacher has a bad attitude it can make the students
have a bad attitude and they will not want to do what the teacher want them to do. So I
personally believe that the teacher sets the scene for how the students will behave and the
motivation of the class and lesson they will be participating in. Therefore, this domain is a very
important one also.
So in conclusion of the information that we have learned in this paper from the effects of
how the psychomotor, cognitive, and affective domain all should be important goals for the
teachers to help the students to obtain these educational goals. The psychomotor goal is based on
the body it can be obtained through the influence of activity of the body. The cognitive is the
mind and how the teachers help students learn not only though activity but also though the
thinking process of helping them to learn though using their mind as a resource. The affective is
the soul and how the attitude and motivation of the student comes from different aspects. Such
as, how they react to how the teacher is being in the classroom and how the students can affect
other students. So learning about all these different domains I will be able to help my students be
better students in the classroom and help them to be better students in the aspects of being
healthy educational adults. The more we know we need to teach our kids because they will be the
leaders of tomorrow.

References:

ELEMENTARY PHILOSOPHY

Cook, H. D., Kohl, H. W., & Institute of Medicine, (. (U.S.). (2013). Educating the Student
Body:Taking Physical Activity and Physical Education to School. Washington, DC:
National Academies Press.
Kirkpatrick, B., Gu, X., Chen, Y., & Zhang, T. (2016). Children's motivation in physical
education, physical
activity, and psychomotor skills. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,
87, A22-A23. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com.athens.iii.com/docview/1817494458?
accountid=8411
Koballa, Thomas 2006 Framework for the Affective Domain in Science Education
retrieved 2016 from
http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/affective/framework.html

Pangrazi, R. P., & Beighle, A. (2013). Dynamic physical education for elementary school
children.
Boston: Pearson.

Sportacus Blog , 4 domains of learning in Physical Education retrieved 2016 from

https://drowningintheshallow.wordpress.com/2015/06/13/4-domains-oflearning-in-physical-education/

Velardi, Joe. (2016) Teaching Physical Education. Retrieved 2016 from

http://physicaleducationtoday.com/cognitivelearninginphysicaleducationclass