Unit 3: Cell

Processes &
Energy
Cells and Heredity
Chapter 2

3.1 Photosynthesis

TURN & TALK:

What are some sources of energy (for
people, cars, houses, etc.)?
What is Earths main source of
energy?

I. Sources of Energy

photosynthesis: the process by which a

plant cell captures energy in sunlight
and uses it to make food
photo = light

synthesis = put together

An organism that
makes its own food is
called an autotroph.

An organism that
CANNOT make own food
is called a heterotroph.

The sun is Earths main source of energy.

TURN & TALK:

Is a venus fly trap an autotroph or a heterotroph?

II. Two Stages of Photosynthesis

1. Capturing the Suns Energy
Chlorophyll, the green compound in
chloroplasts, absorbs light
similar to solar cells in a calculator

2. Using Energy to Make Food

water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
undergo chemical reactions in the
chloroplasts to produce sugars
(C6H12O6)
energy from these sugars carry out
important cell functions

III. The Photosynthesis Equation

light energy

6 CO2 + 6 H2O

C6H12O6 + 6 O2

III. The Photosynthesis Equation

light energy

6 CO2 + 6 H2O
carbon
dioxide

water

raw materials

C6H12O6 + 6 O2
yields

glucose
(sugar)

products

oxygen

Unit 3: Cell
Processes &
Energy
Cells and Heredity
Chapter 2

3.1 Photosynthesis
3.2 Respiration

respiration: process in which cells break down

food molecules such as sugar and release the
energy they contain

TURN & TALK:

During hibernation, an animal does not eat and its body activities
are reduced. Predict what will happen to an animals rate of
cellular respiration when the animal goes into hibernation.

III. The Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6 O2

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

III. The Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6 O2

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

III. The Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6 O2
glucose
(sugar)

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy

oxygen yields carbon

dioxide

raw materials

water

products

fermentation: provides energy for cells

without using oxygen

Have you ever felt pain

in your muscles when
you try to run too fast?
Lactic acid is a product
of fermentation!

Alcoholic Fermentation:

yeast

sugar -----> alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy

CLAIM
EVIDENCE
REASONING
Your fool-proof guide
to constructing
sophisticated scientific
explanations!

Question: Is a
mushroom an
autotroph or a
heterotroph?

IDK
yes
autotroph
heterotroph
Mushrooms are heterotrophs.
Mushrooms are not green, so
they are heterotrophs.

CLAIM
answer the question that was asked
do NOT start with yes or no
1 complete sentence

Example: It is clear that a

mushroom is a heterotroph.

EVIDENCE
state any data (quantitative and/or
qualitative) that supports the claim
the more evidence, the better!
at least 2 complete sentences

Example: I know this because when

I observe the mushrooms in the
picture, they are red and white.
There is no green to be found on
the mushrooms.

REASONING
connect evidence to the claim by
accurately using specific content
vocabulary or scientific principles
you may need to use a reference (text,
notes)
at least two complete sentences

Example: This is supported by our

science textbook, Cells and
Heredity, which states that
autotrophs make their own food
through photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll,
a green pigment in plant cells.
Because mushrooms are not green,
they cannot be autotrophs.
Mushrooms must be heterotrophs.

Example: This is supported by our

science textbook, Cells and
Heredity, which states that
autotrophs make their own food
through photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll,
a green pigment in plant cells.
Because mushrooms are not green,
they cannot be autotrophs.
Mushrooms must be heterotrophs.

IDK
yes
autotroph
heterotroph
Mushrooms are heterotrophs.
Mushrooms are not green, so
they are heterotrophs.

CLAIM-EVIDENCE-REASONING
It is clear that a mushroom is a heterotroph. I
know this because when I observe the mushrooms
in the picture, they are red and white. There is
no green to be found on the mushrooms. This is
supported by our science textbook, Cells and
Heredity, which states that autotrophs make
their own food through photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, a green
pigment in plant cells. Because mushrooms are not
green, they cannot be autotrophs. Mushrooms
must be heterotrophs.

Unit 3: Cell
Processes &
Energy
Cells and Heredity
Chapter 2

3.1 Photosynthesis
3.2 Respiration
3.3 Cell Division

3.3 Cell Division

your foldable will serve as your notes and will be

useful to study for your Quiz on Friday!
The Cell Cycle
1. Interphase
2A: Prophase
2B: Metaphase
2C: Anaphase
2D: Telophase
3: Cytokinesis

M
I
T
O
S
I
S

Cell Cycle Stage

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Part of
mitosis?

Key Idea

Hours
(out of 22)

Cytokinesis: Plant vs. Animal Cells

Length of
the Cell
Cycle
(human
liver cell)

deoxyribonucleic acid

Adenine always matches with Thymine

Guanine always matches with Cytosine
*there are 3 BILLION base pairs stored in a
humans 46 chromosomes?

To replicate, the parent DNA unzips along

the base pairs, then new bases floating in the
nucleus pair up to make an exact copy.

Unit 3: Cell
Processes &
Energy
Cells and Heredity
Chapter 2

3.1 Photosynthesis
3.2 Respiration
3.3 Cell Division
3.4 Cancer

Cancer
Use your textbook (pages 64-67) to complete the classwork
assignment.

How is cancer related to the cell cycle?

How is a tumor like a weed in a garden?
What are some healthy lifestyle choices to
decrease the risk of developing cancer?