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Abstract
The aim of training to practice on modeling, process simulation, control and
lab working on batch pilot plant and continuous distillation column and study
how to make analysis for ethanol and water
Table of Contents
2 | Page
Abstract...................................................................................................................... 2
Introduction................................................................................................................ 4
A.
Process simulation............................................................................................... 4
B.
Modeling.............................................................................................................. 5
C.
D.
Batch reactor....................................................................................................... 7
E.
F.
gas chromatography.......................................................................................... 10
Sources of Error........................................................................................................ 11
Bibliography............................................................................................................. 12
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Introduction
A. Process simulation
Process simulation is important in chemical industry as it save money as it
provides the processer with a variety of choices to select the best suitable
option to carry out the process as it is used in design, analysis and optimized
the technical process which serves the chemical field as in chemical plants
and the chemical process. Process simulation has economic advantages as it
save money which can be lost in the process. For example if we have car
body and the designer has to choose the best engine for the body so if he
used to buy many engines so he will lose money and the best engine will be
used at the end so process simulation is used to select the best alternative
for the designer to be perfect for the body of the car without losing money
for buying many engines and select the best one.
Process simulation defines the process in flow chart as process simulation
programs as Aspen Plus which used in training which used to make the
process in flow chart. As in this diagram.
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B. Modeling
Modeling is defining the real Process in chemical equations in charge of
energy, mass, Flow rates and thermodynamic of the process. Which used in
setting the process for simulation which used to develop the chemical
process with developing the variables of energy. New models take several
ways to be improved to improve the process simulation. After modeling
Process simulation take place after making the equations on the program
which used in training which Aspen Plus is.
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Packed column (Different packing can be provided such as Raschig rings, Pall rings,
Intalox saddles etc.)
Sieve Tray column (Sampling points and thermometer
pockets can be provided at different trays so that the tray hold-up can be collected for
further evaluation, if required.
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D.Batch reactor
Batch reactor is the generic term for a type of vessel widely used for a variety of process
operations such as solids dissolution, product mixing, chemical reactions, batch distillation,
crystallization, liquid/liquid extraction, polymerization etc. We offer batch reactors consisting of
a tank with an agitator and integral heating/cooling system (Electric heating, jacketed
heating/cooling, double jacketed) in Glass and Metal up to 300L capacity. Various parameters
can be measured and controlled such as Temperature, Pressure, Ph, Torque, Turbidity, Dissolved
oxygen content, Stirring speed etc. depending on the requirement of the process.
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between
containers
and
analyze
the
samples
using
gas
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F. gas chromatography
A gas chromatograph (GC) is an analytical instrument that measures the content of various
components in a sample. The analysis performed by a gas chromatograph is called gas
chromatography. Principle of gas chromatography: The sample solution injected into the
instrument enters a gas stream which transports the sample into a separation tube known as the
"column." (Helium or nitrogen is used as the so-called carrier gas.) The various components are
separated inside the column. The detector measures the quantity of the components that exit the
column. To measure a sample with an unknown concentration, a standard sample with known
concentration is injected into the instrument. The standard sample peak retention time
(appearance time) and area are compared to the test sample to calculate the concentration.
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Sources of Error
There are two types of Errors:
1. systematic errors
2. Random errors which are caused by human readings and the
surrounding errors.
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Bibliography
1- (Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2008),http://www.urv.cat/
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