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Users Manual

MACROTEST HT5035
Copyright HT-ITALIA 2002

Release EN 1.01 of 18/06/2002

MACROTEST 5035
Index:
1.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES ........................................................3


1.1.
1.2.
1.3.

2.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION .........................................................................................5


2.1.
2.2.

3.

FUNCTIONS......................................................................................................................5
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION..........................................................................................6

PREPARATION FOR USE .........................................................................................7


3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.

4.

PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS ......................................................................................3


DURING USE ....................................................................................................................4
AFTER USE.......................................................................................................................4

INITIAL CONTROL ............................................................................................................7


POWER SUPPLY ..............................................................................................................7
CALIBRATION...................................................................................................................7
STORAGE .........................................................................................................................7
HOW TO SET LANGUAGE AND MEASUREMENT UNIT ................................................8

DESCRIPTION OF THE ROTARY SWITCH FUNCTIONS.........................................9


4.1.

LOW: CONTINUITY TEST OF EARTH, PROTECTIVE AND EQUALIZING


POTENTIAL CONDUCTORS ............................................................................................9

4.1.1.
4.1.2.
4.1.3.

4.2.

M: INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT WITH TEST VOLTAGE OF 50V,


....................................................................................15
100V, 250V, 500V OR 1000V

4.2.1.
4.2.2.

4.3.

: TESTS ON RCDS TYPE A OR AC............................................20

LOOP
: MEASUREMENT OF LINE IMPEDANCE, FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE AND
CALCULATION OF PROSPECTIVE SHORT AND FAUL CIRCUIT CURRENT.............33
MODE "P-N" ................................................................................................................................34
MODE "P-P" ................................................................................................................................36
MODE "P-PE"..............................................................................................................................37

4.4.4.
4.4.5.
4.4.6.

MODE "
" ................................................................................................................................39
ANOMALOUS CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING LOOP TESTS IN ANY WORKING MODE ....................40
ANOMALOUS CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING PHASE SEQUENCE TESTS ......................................43

Ra15mA : MEASUREMENT OF GLOBAL EARTH RESISTANCE WITH CURRENT OF


15mA AND CALCULATION OF PROSPECTIVE SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT ............45

4.5.1.

4.6.

ANOMALOUS CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING RA15MA

TESTS .................................................47

EARTH : EARTH RESISTANCE AND RESISTIVITY MAESUREMENT .......................50

4.6.1.
4.6.2.
4.6.3.
4.6.4.

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE FOR "2P" TEST MODE ........................................................................51


MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE FOR "3P" TEST MODE ........................................................................54
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE FOR "" TEST MODE ..........................................................................56
ANOMALOUS CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING EARTH TESTS..................................................58

HOW TO SAVE, RECALL AND CLEAR DATA STORED IN MEMORY ..................60


5.1.
5.2.
5.3.

6.

RCD

MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE FOR RCD TEST VALID FOR ALL THE WORKING MODES .........................23
TRIPPING TIMES FOR THE GENERAL AND SELECTIVE RCDS.............................................................28
ANOMALOUS CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING THE RCD TESTS IN ANY WORKING MODE ...............29

4.4.1.
4.4.2.
4.4.3.

4.5.

5.

PROCEDURE TO MEASURE INSULATION RESISTANCE IN ANY MODES ................................................16


SPECIAL CASES WHICH MAY OCCUR DURING THE TESTS "MAN", "AUTO", "TIMER" .......................19

RCD

4.3.1.
4.3.2.
4.3.3.

4.4.

MODE "CAL" ...............................................................................................................................10


PROCEDURE TO MEASURE CONTINUITY OF EQUALIZING POTENTIAL CONDUCTORS MODE "AUTO",
"R+TIMER", "R-TIMER".............................................................................................................12
ANOMALOUS CASES DURING "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER" TESTS .........................................14

SAVE: "SAVE" KEY.........................................................................................................60


RECALL: "RCL" KEY.......................................................................................................61
CLEAR: "CLR" KEY.........................................................................................................62

RESET OF THE INSTRUMENT AND DEFAULT PARAMETERS ...........................63


6.1.
6.2.

RESET PROCEDURE.....................................................................................................63
DEFAULT PARAMETERS...............................................................................................63

EN - 1

MACROTEST 5035
7.
8.

INSTRUMENT CONNECTION TO A PC ..................................................................64


MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................65
8.1.
8.2.
8.3.

9.

GENERAL........................................................................................................................65
BATTERY REPLACEMENT ............................................................................................65
INSTRUMENT CLEANING..............................................................................................65

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...............................................................................66
9.1.

TECHNICAL FEATURES ................................................................................................66

9.1.1.
9.1.2.

9.2.

ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................................................69

9.2.1.
9.2.2.

9.3.

SAFETY STANDARDS ....................................................................................................................68


GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ...........................................................................................................68
ENVIRONMENTAL WORKING CONDITIONS .......................................................................................69
EMC...........................................................................................................................................69

ACCESSORIES...............................................................................................................69

10. SERVICE...................................................................................................................70
10.1. WARRANTY CONDITIONS.............................................................................................70
10.2. SERVICE .........................................................................................................................70

11. PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS...............................................71


11.1. LOW: CONTINUITY MEASUREMENT ON PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS................71
11.2. INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
(250VDC, 500VDC, 1000VDC)........................................................................................72
11.3. MEASUREMENT OF FLOOR INSULATION RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL ROOMS.......75
11.4. CHECK OF THE CIRCUIT SEPARATION ......................................................................76
11.5. WORKING TEST OF RCDS (RCD, RCD/DC, RCD S, RCD/DC S) ................................78
11.6. TEST OF RCD TRIPPING TIME (RCD, RCD/DC) ..........................................................79
11.7. MEASUREMENT OF SHORT-CIRCUIT FAULT IMPEDANCE (ZPN, ZPP).......................80
11.8. FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT (PHASE EARTH) ...............................80
11.9. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT IN TT SYSTEMS ...........................................81
11.10. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT, VOLTAMPEROMETRIC METHOD ..............82
11.11. EARTH RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT.........................................................................83

Release EN 1.01 of 18/06/2002

EN - 2

MACROTEST 5035

1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES


This apparatus conforms with safety standards EN61557 and EN 61010-1 relating to
electronic measuring instruments.

WARNING
For your own safety as well as that of the apparatus you are recommended to
follow the procedures described in this instruction manual and carefully read
all the notes preceded by the symbol .
Strictly keep to the following instructions before and during measurements:
Do not take measurements in wet environments.
Do not effect measurements in environments with explosive gas, fuels or dust.
Keep you insulated from the object under test waiting for measuring.
Avoid any contact with exposed metal parts, ends of test leads not in use, circuits, etc.
Do not effect any measurement in case of unusual conditions of the instrument such as
deformation, breakage, leakage of substances, absence of display reading etc.
Pay careful attention when measuring voltages exceeding 25V in particular places
(building yards, swimming pools, ..) and 50V in ordinary places because of the risk of
electric shock.
The following symbols are used in this manual:
Caution: refer to the instructions reported on this manual; improper use may
damage the apparatus or its components.
AC Voltage or Current.
Unidirectional pulsating Voltage or Current.
Rotary switch of the instrument.
1.1.
PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS
This instrument has been designed for use in environments with a pollution degree 2.
It can be used for tests on electrical installations with over voltage category III up to
265V (to Earth).
You are recommended to comply with the standard safety regulations aimed at:
Protecting you against dangerous currents.
Protecting the instrument against improper use.
Only the leads supplied with the instrument guarantee compliance with the safety
standards. They must be in good conditions and must be replaced, if necessary, with
identical models.
Do not effect measurements on circuits exceeding the specified voltage limits.
Do not effect any measurement under environmental conditions beyond the limits
specified in this manual.
Check that batteries have been placed correctly.
Before connecting test leads to the circuit under test, check that rotary switch position
is correct.
Check that LCD and rotary switch indicate the same function.
EN - 3

MACROTEST 5035
1.2.
DURING USE
Carefully read the following recommendations and instructions:

WARNING
No compliance with the Warnings and/or Instructions may damage the
apparatus and/or its components or injure the operator.
Before selecting any function disconnect the test leads from the circuit under test.
When the instrument is connected to the tested circuit never touch any test lead which
is not being used.
Avoid to effect resistance measurements in the presence of external voltages; even
though the instrument is protected a too high voltage may cause malfunctions.

WARNING
If the symbol
is displayed during use interrupt testing and replace
batteries following the procedure described under paragraph 8.2. The
instrument is capable of keeping the data stored even though batteries are
not installed.
1.3.
AFTER USE
When the measurements are completed disconnect the test leads from the circuit
under test and after that switch OFF the instrument.
Remove batteries when the apparatus remains unused for long periods.

EN - 4

MACROTEST 5035

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Dear Customer, we thank you for your patronage. The instrument you have just purchased
will grant you accurate and reliable measurements provided that it is used according to the
present manuals instructions.
The instrument was designed to grant the user the utmost safety conditions thanks to a
new concept assuring double insulation and over voltage category III.
2.1.

FUNCTIONS
LOW:
Continuity test of earth, protective and equalizing potential conductors with
test current higher than 200mA and open circuit voltage ranging from 4V
to 24V.
Measurement of insulation resistance with DC test voltage 50V, 100V,
RISO:
250V, 500V or 1000V.
RCD
:
Measurement on common and/or selective RCDs AC type (
) of
the following parameters:
Tripping time.
Tripping current.
Contact voltage (Ut).
Overall earth resistance (Ra).
Under this mode the instrument can measure the overall earth
resistance without causing RCD tripping.
RCD
:
Measurement on common and/or selective RCDs A type (
) of
the following parameters:
Tripping time.
Tripping current.
Contact voltage (Ut).
Overall earth resistance (Ra).
Under this mode the instrument can measure the overall earth
resistance without causing RCD tripping.
LOOP

Measurement of line and fault loop impedance with calculation of


prospective short circuit current. Indication of phase rotation
sequence.

Ra15mA

Measurement of fault loop impedance between earth and phase


conductors with current of 15mA and calculation of prospective short
circuit current.
Measurement of earth resistance and earth resistivity.

EARTH :

EN - 5

MACROTEST 5035
2.2.

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
LEGEND:

1. Display
2. Function keys
3. Rotary switch

2
FUNC

Un /In
DIST

UL

3
START
STOP

FUNC

DISP

CLR

RCL
ESC

SAVE

FUNCTION key to select one measuring mode.

Un/In
DIST

Un/In DIST key for selection of rated voltage, differential current or


distance depending on which measurement is selected.

S key for selection of RCD type (Common or Selective) or to increase


the test duration interval or to scroll the results of the stored tests.

UL

UL key for selection of contact voltage limit or to decrease the test


duration interval or to scroll the results of the stored tests.

ON/OFF key. Keep it pressed some seconds for switching off the
instrument.
START
STOP

START/STOP key to start or to stop tests.

DISP

DISPLAY key to scroll the single and multiple tests (Ex: RCD AUTO)
which have been effected and stored.

CLR

CLEAR key to cancel the stored tests.

RCL
ESC

RECALL/ESCAPE key to recall the stored tests (RCL) and leave the
selected function or mode (ESC).

SAVE

SAVE key to save tests.


EN - 6

MACROTEST 5035

3. PREPARATION FOR USE


3.1.
INITIAL CONTROL
This instrument has been checked mechanically and electrically prior to shipment.
Any care has been taken to ensure that the instrument reaches you under safe conditions.
You are recommended, however, to carry our a rapid check to detect any possible
damage which might have been caused during transport. Should this be the case,
immediately contact HT Italia.
Check also that the packaging contains all the parts listed under paragraph 9.3 . In case of
discrepancies contact the dealer.
In case you have to send the instrument back please follow the instructions reported in
paragraph 10.
3.2.
POWER SUPPLY
The instrument is supplied by six batteries model 1.5V LR6 AA AM3 MN 1500 not
included in the package.
To replace batteries follow the instructions reported in paragraph 8.2.
When batteries are low the symbol
instructions indicated in paragraph 8.2.

is displayed. To replace batteries follow the

3.3.
CALIBRATION
The instrument fulfils the technical specifications listed in this manual. The performance of
the specifications are guaranteed for one year.
3.4.
STORAGE
In order to grant the accuracy of the measurements, after a period of storage in extreme
environmental conditions, wait for the time necessary so that the apparatus is back to
normal measuring conditions (see environmental specifications listed in paragraph 9.2.1).

EN - 7

MACROTEST 5035
3.5.
HOW TO SET LANGUAGE AND MEASUREMENT UNIT
Is possible to set the language and the distance measurement unit (in earth resistivity)
following this procedure:
1. While pushing FUNC button turn the switch on any position.
2.
The following screen will appear.

LA

3. Choose the desired language between English, Spanish, German and Italian that
change by pushing S and UL keys (appear En, ES, dE, IT).
4.
Push SAVE key confirming the choice.
The instrument will display the following
screen.
Push ESC key leaving language
selection menu without confirming any
change.

OK

LA

5.
The instrument will display the following
screen.

le

6. Choose the desired distance measurement unit between meter and feet that change by
pushing S and UL keys (appear m and ft).
7.
Push SAVE key confirming the choice.
The instrument will display the following
screen.

le

Push ESC key leaving this menu without


confirming any change.

EN - 8

OK

MACROTEST 5035

4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ROTARY SWITCH FUNCTIONS


4.1.

LOW: CONTINUITY TEST OF EARTH, PROTECTIVE AND EQUALIZING


POTENTIAL CONDUCTORS
The measurement is effected with a test current higher than 200 mA and open circuit
voltage ranging from 4 to 24V DC according to EN 61557-2 and VDE 0413 part 4.

WARNING
Before carrying out the continuity test make sure that there is no voltage at the
ends of the conductor under test.

Turn the switch on LOW position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes
(which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
Mode AUTO (the instrument carries out two measurements with reversed
polarity R+ and R-, and displays their average value Ravg). This mode is
recommended for the continuity test.
Mode R + TIMER (measurement with positive polarity and possibility of
setting the duration time of the test). In this case the operator can set a
measuring time long enough to permit him to move the protective
conductors while the instrument is carrying out the test so detecting any
bad connection.
Mode R - TIMER (measurement with negative polarity and possibility of
setting the duration time of the test). In this case the operator can set a
measuring time long enough to permit him to move the protective
conductors while the instrument is carrying out the test so detecting any
bad connection.
Mode CAL (compensation of the resistance of the cables used for the
measurement).

Note: If the resistance is lower than 5 (including the resistance of the calibration) the
continuity test is effected by the instrument with a current higher than 200mA. If
the resistance is higher than 5 the continuity test is effected by the instrument
with a decreasing current.

EN - 9

MACROTEST 5035
4.1.1. Mode "CAL"
1. Select mode CAL by means of the FUNC key.
2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4
respectively:

B1

B2

B3

B4

Connection of instrument terminals during calibration procedure.


3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can
extend the blue cable.
4. Connect the crocodiles to the cable terminals.
5. Short-circuit the measuring cable ends making sure that the conductive parts of the
crocodiles make a good contact to each other (see previous picture).
6.

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument carries out the calibration.

At the end of the test


CAL LOW
the result is stored and
used as OFFSET (that

is to say that it is
subtracted from any
continuity test carried
mA
out)
for
all
the
subsequent
measurements until a
new
calibration
is
carried out.
This screen is displayed for only 2 seconds
then the instrument emits a double sound
signal (indicating that the calibration is
completed) and displays the default screen
relative to the LOW test under AUTO mode.

0.00

203

Note:

Message
CAL:
means that the
instrument
was
calibrated;
this
symbol remains
on the display
for any further
measurement
even though the
unit is switched
off and on again.

Current supplied
by the instrument
during
the
calibration
procedure.

The instrument effects the calibration of cables with resistance lower of 5.

EN - 10

MACROTEST 5035
CABLES USED FOR THE TEST

Before each measurement always make sure that


the calibration is referred to the cables in use.
During a continuity test, if the resistance value free
of calibration (that is the resistance value less the
calibration offset value) is negative, the symbols

as well as blinking CAL are displayed


(according to 5th screen paragraph 4.1.3).
Probably the calibration stored in the instrument
memory is referred to cables other than those in
use, therefore a new calibration is to be effected.

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.
4.1.1.1.

Procedure to cancel calibration parameters and cal symbol

To cancel calibration parameters (and the


symbol CAL) it is necessary to effect a
calibration procedure with a resistance of
test leads higher than 5 (for example
with disconnected test leads). When a
cancellation is effected the screen nearby
is displayed first, followed by the screen
below:

LOW

The screen nearby is displayed for 2


seconds, after which the instrument emits a
long sound signal and then displays the
default screen relative to the LOW test
under AUTO mode without the symbol CAL.

LOW

EN - 11

o> 5
cal
Measuring

es

cal

Message >5:
means that the
instrument
detected a
resistance higher
than 5
therefore it will
proceed with
Reset procedure.

Message rES:
means that the
instrument
effected
cancellation
(RESET) of the
calibration
parameters

MACROTEST 5035
4.1.2. Procedure to measure continuity of equalizing potential conductors mode
"AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER"
1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4
respectively.

B1

B2

B3

B4

Connection of the instrument terminals during LOW test.


3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can
extend the black cable.
4. Connect two crocodiles to the cable terminals.
5. Short-circuit the measuring cable ends making sure that the conductive parts of the
crocodiles make a good contact to each other. Press the START/STOP key. If the
instrument displays a resistance value other than 0.00 repeat the instrument
calibration (see paragraph 4.1.1).
6. Connect the instrument terminals to the ends of the conductor on which the continuity test is
to be carried out (see previous picture).
7. If the mode "R+TIMER" or "R-TIMER" was selected use the following keys to select
the duration time of the test:
S

press this key to increase the duration time of the test (Tmax=15 seconds).

UL

press this key to decrease the duration time of the test (Tmin=3 seconds).

8. START

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument effects the measurement.


In R+/R- Timer mode press START/STOP key again if the test is to be stopped.

STOP

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

EN - 12

MACROTEST 5035
4.1.2.1.

Mode "AUTO"

At the end of the test, if the average


resistance value Ravg results to be
lower than 5 the instrument emits a
double sound signal indicating the
positive outcome of the test and
displays one screen similar to the
screen alongside.

CAL LOW

1.07

219 mA
AUTO

SAVE

4.1.2.2.

SAVING:

Average
current
Iavg.

value

test
value

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

Mode "R+TIMER" or R-TIMER"

If during the test a resistance value


R+Timer or RTimer lower than 5
was detected, the instrument (after the
set time has elapsed) emits a double
sound signal indicating the positive
outcome of the test displays one screen
similar to the screen alongside.
The symbols R+ or R- are displayed.

SAVE

Average
resistance
Ravg.

SAVING:

CAL LOW

1.08

219 mA 5 s
R+
RTIMER

Duration time of
the test.

Value of the test


current I+ or I-.

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 13

MACROTEST 5035
4.1.3. Anomalous cases during "AUTO", "R+TIMER", "R-TIMER" tests
CAL LOW

In case a value of Ravg or R+ or Rhigher than or equal to 5 but lower


than 99.9 was detected, at the end of
the test the instrument emits a long
sound signal and displays one screen
similar to the screen alongside.
ATTENTION: value of Ravg higher than 5

o 5.75

216 mA 5 s

ATTENTION: value of Ravg or R+ or R- is too


high.

AUTO mode.

AUTO

CAL LOW

In AUTO mode, if a Ravg or R+ or Rhigher than 99.9 was detected, at


the end of the test the instrument emits
a long sound signal and displays the
screen alongside.

o> 99.9
- - - mA

CAL LOW

o> 99.9
- - - mA

99.9
is
the
maximum value.

4s
ATTENTION:
value of R+ or Ris too high.

R+
TIMER

In case that:
RMEASURED-RCALIBRATION
instrument
displays
alongside.

99.9
is
the
maximum value
which can be
measured in the
LOW AUTO or
R+ or R-mode.
AUTO mode.

AUTO

In case the mode R+TIMER or RTIMER was selected and a R+ or Rhigher than 99.9 was detected, the
instrument emits an intermittent
sound signal during the test, a long
sound signal at the end of the test
and displays the screen alongside.

Only in case the


mode R+TIMER
or R-TIMER was
selected.

CAL LOW

Blinking CAL.

o 0.00

< 0 the
the
screen

219 mA
ATTENTION: RMEASURED-RCALIBRATION< 0

SAVE

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If the terminal voltage is higher than


10V, the instrument does not carry out
the test and displays the screen
alongside for 5 seconds after which, the
instrument displays the screen relative
to the precedent selected test mode
LOW under AUTO mode.
SAVE

AUTO mode.

AUTO

CAL LOW

o 13V

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.


EN - 14

VOL

AG

ATTENTION: the
test was not
effected because
of voltage at the
terminal ends.

MACROTEST 5035
4.2.

M:

INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT WITH TEST VOLTAGE


OF 50V, 100V, 250V, 500V OR 1000V

The measurement is effected according to EN 61557-2 and VDE 0413 part 1.

WARNING
Before effecting the insulation test make sure that the circuit under test is not
energized and all the relative loads are disconnected.

Turn the switch on M position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes
(which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
Mode MAN (minimum test time of 10 seconds or set by the pressing
duration on the START/STOP key). Recommended test.
Mode TIMER (test duration depending on the selected interval (from 10
to 999 seconds). This test can be effected in case a minimum measuring
time is required.

EN - 15

MACROTEST 5035
4.2.1. Procedure to measure insulation resistance in any modes
1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. Connect the black and blue cables to the instrument input terminals B1 and B4
respectively.

M
B1

B2

B3

B1

B4

B2

B3

B4

Insulation between phase and earth in an


electrical installation using the shuko cable.

Insulation between phase and earth in an electrical


installation using untied cables.

3. If the cables supplied with the instrument are not long enough for the measurement you can
extend the blue cable.
4. Connect the instrument terminals to the object which is to be submitted to the insulation
test after disconnecting the circuit under test and all the relative loads (see
previous picture).
5.

Un/In
DIST

Standard

By means of Un/In select the test voltage suitable for the type of test
to be carried out (see table). The values to be selected are:
50V (test on telecommunication system)
100V
500V
250V
1000V
Brief description

Test voltage

Maximum limit value

EN60439
EN60204

Systems SELV or PELV


Systems up to 500V (Civil installations)
Systems over 500V
Floor and wall insulation in civil installations
Floor and wall insulation in systems over 500V
Electrical panel boards 230/400V
Electrical equipment of machines

250VDC
500VDC
1000VDC
500VDC
1000VDC
500VDC
500VDC

CEI 64-4

Floor insulation in medical rooms

500VDC

> 0.250M
> 0.500M
> 1.0M
> 50k (if V<500V)
> 100k (if V>500V)
> 230k
> 1M
<1M (if the floor is at least 1 year old)
<100M (if the floor is at least 1year old)

CEI 64-8/6
CEI 64-8/4

Test voltage values and the relative maximum limit values for the most common kinds of test.

WARNING
If Measuring is displayed the instrument is effecting the measurement.
During this phase do not disconnect the test leads as the circuit under test
may remain charged at a dangerous voltage due to the parasite capacities of
the installation. Independently of the working mode selected the instrument
throws a resistance in the output terminals at the end of each test to
discharge the parasite capacities of the circuit.
EN - 16

MACROTEST 5035
4.2.1.1.
6.

Mode "MAN"

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key.

The instrument effects the test lasting:


Minimum 6 seconds in case the key is pressed and released within 5 seconds.
Until the key is released for all the other cases.

At the end of the test, in case the


resistance value RISO detected results
to be lower than RMAX (depending on
the selected voltage see following table)
and the test is effected at the
selected rated voltage value, the
instrument emits a double sound
signal
indicating
the
positive
outcome of the test displays one
screen similar to the screen alongside.

RISO

1.00 M
500 V

20 s

MAN

Rated voltage value


selected for the test.

RISO
insulation
resistance value.
Test duration.
In this case the
START/STOP
key has been
pressed for 20
seconds.
Manual mode.

The values of measured resistance of isolation always must be confronted with the
normative limits (see table) for being able to assert if the system is to norm.
SAVE

SAVING:

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 17

MACROTEST 5035
4.2.1.2.

Mode "TIMER"

6. Use the following keys to set the duration time of the test:

7.

Press this key to increase the duration time of the test (Tmax=999 seconds).

UL

Press this key to decrease the duration time of the test (Tmin=10 seconds).

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key.

The instrument effects the measurement ending when the set time has elapsed.
999 seconds Maximum value of the test duration.
10 seconds Minimum value of the test duration.
Note: Pressing the START/STOP key again the test gets immediately interrupted.
At the end of the test, in case the
resistance value RISO detected results
to be lower than RMAX (depending on
the selected voltage see following table)
and the test is effected at the selected
rated voltage value, the instrument
emits a double sound signal indicating
the positive outcome of the test
displays one screen similar to the screen
alongside.

RISO

2.07 M
500 V

20 s

Insulation
resistance value
RISO.
Duration of the
set test.
Timer mode.

TIMER

Rated voltage value selected for the Timer test.

The values of measured resistance of isolation always must be confronted with the
normative limits for being able to assert if the system is to norm.
SAVE

SAVING:

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

Note: The maximum resistance value RMAX which can be measured in mode M
depends on the rated voltage selected for the test. In particular:
Rated voltage selected
for the test

RMAX = Maximum resistance


value

50VDC
100VDC
250VDC
500VDC
1000VDC

99.9M
199.9M
499M
999M
1999M

Maximum resistance values measurable under M mode depending on the rated voltage selected.
EN - 18

MACROTEST 5035
4.2.2. Special cases which may occur during the tests "MAN", "AUTO", "TIMER"
In case a value of RISO higher than
RMAX was detected (depending on the
selected voltage see following Note
table, the instrument emits a double
sound signal at the end of the test
indicating the positive outcome of the
test and displays one screen similar to
the screen alongside.

RISO

> 999 M
500 V

20 s

Test duration
MAN

Selected mode
MAN

Maximum resistance value which can be


measured (999 is displayed if a rated voltage of
500V was selected see table).

In case a test is effected at a voltage


lower than the set rated voltage, at
the end of the test the instrument emits
a long sound signal and displays one
screen similar to the screen alongside.
ATTENTION: the test of resistance RISO was
effected at a voltage value lower than the set
rated voltage. Low insulation case. This case
occurs under low insulation conditions or in the
presence of capacity on the installation.

SAVE

SAVING:

RISO

o0.01 M

500 V

Selected mode
MAN

20 s

MAN

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If the terminal voltage is higher than


30V, the instrument does not effect the
test, displays the screen alongside for 5
seconds after which, it shows the
default screen relative to the RISO test
under selected mode.

SAVE

The symbol ">"


means that the
resistance value
RISO is higher than
RMAX

RISO

VOL

THIS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 19

o 33V

AG

ATTENTION: the
test was not
carried out.
Check that the
circuit is not
energised.

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.
RCD
RCD
: TESTS ON RCDS TYPE A OR AC
The test is effected according to EN 61557-6, EN61008, EN61009, EN60947-2 B 4.2.4
and VDE 0413 part 6.

WARNING
The automatic check of the RCD features causes the tripping of the RCD itself.
Therefore check that there is no power or load connected downstream the
RCD under test which could be affected by the installation switching off.
Possibly disconnect all the loads connected downstream the RCD as they could
add other leakage currents to the existing ones so making the test results void.

Turn the switch on RCD


leakage current) or RCD
current) position.

(RCDS type A sensitive to pulsating


(RCDS type AC sensitive to sine leakage

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes
(which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
Mode MAN x (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current
equal to half the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in
phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with
respect to the voltage).
Mode MAN x 1 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current
equal to once the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in
phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with
respect to the voltage).
Mode MAN x 2 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current
equal to twice the value of the rated current set with a leakage current in
phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with
respect to the voltage).
Mode MAN x 5 (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current
equal to five times the value of the rated current set with a leakage
current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by
180 with respect to the voltage)
Mode AUTO (the instrument effects the test automatically with a leakage
current equal to half, once, five times the value of the rated current set
with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or a leakage current
phase shifted by 180 with respect to the voltage). Recommended test.
(the instrument effects the test with a ramp growing
Mode RAMP
leakage current, with a leakage current in phase with the voltage or with
a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with respect to the voltage. Use
this test to measure the tripping current).

EN - 20

MACROTEST 5035
Mode Ut (the instrument effects the test with a leakage current equal to
half the value of the selected rated current and calculates the contact
voltage as well as the Ra earth resistance with a leakage current in phase
with the voltage or a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with respect
to the voltage).
Note: According to standard praxis it is recommended to effect RCD test both with phase
0 and with phase 180. Therefore the test is to be repeated for both phase valves
of test current. If the RCD under test is of a type (which means sensitive to both
AC and unidirectional pulsing leakage currents) it is advisable to effect the test
both with sine wave and unidirectional pulse current with phase 0 and 180.

Un/In
DIST

The key Un/In permits to select one of the following rated tripping currents of
the RCD (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
10mA.
30mA.
100mA.
300mA.
500mA.

The key S permits to activate the test for general or selective RCDs:
if the test is effected for selective RCDs the symbol S must be
displayed.
if the test is effected for general RCDs the symbol S must be NOT
displayed.
The option for testing the selective RCDs requires an interval among the
tests of 60 seconds (30 seconds in case of tests at In). A timer is
displayed indicating the waiting time for the instrument to effect the test
automatically.

Example:

Test on a RCD with rated current of In=30mA selective


a) the instrument effects the test at In 0. If the RCD passed
the test, the message OK is displayed and the RCD does
not trip.
b) The instrument effects the test at In 180. If the RCD
passed the test, the message OK is displayed and the
RCD does not trip. At this stage 30 seconds elapse before
effecting next test.
c) The instrument effects the test at In 0. If the RCD passed
the test, the message OK is displayed and the RCD trips
and the blinking symbol rcd is displayed. The operator
shall switch on the RCD. Anyway after the RCD tripping at
least 60 seconds will elapse before affecting next test.

EN - 21

MACROTEST 5035
d) The instrument effects the test at In 180. Follow the same
procedure as described under c).
e) The instrument effects the test at 5In 0. Follow the same
procedure as described under c).
f) The instrument effects the test at 5In 180. Follow the same
procedure as described under c). The test is completed.
In case of AUTO working mode the operator shall switch the RCD on
whenever the instrument displays the blinking symbol rcd signaling the
RCD tripping.
Note: On selective RCDS it is possible to carry out the following tests Man In, Man
1 In, Man 2 In, Man 5 In, AUTO.
UL

The key UL permits to select one of the following limit values for the
contact voltage (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
50V (default)
25V.

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

Note:

Man 5 In and AUTO test modes arent available for RCD type A

EN - 22

500mA.

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1. Measurement procedure for RCD test valid for all the working modes
1. Select the desired mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of the
single cables to the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see
possible connections in the pictures below). In case of using untied cables connect the
crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1
L2
L3
N

B1

B2

B3

B4

Instrument connection for 400V + N + PE threephase check

B1

B2

B3

B4

Instrument connection for 230V single-phase or


three-phase RCD check

L1
L2
L3
N

L1
L2
L3

B1

B2

B3

B4
B1

Instrument connection for 400V + N (no PE) threephase RCD check

B2

B3

B4

Instrument connection for 400V + PE (no N)


three-phase RCD check

3. Connect the shuko plug to a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the RCD terminals
of the three-phase system (see previous pictures).

EN - 23

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1.1.

Mode "MAN x"

4. START

Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 0.

STOP

Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 180.
If the RCD does NOT trip the
instrument emits a
double sound
signal
indicating
the
positive
outcome of the test and displays the
screen alongside.
The symbol ">" means that the RCD did not trip.

RCD ~

>

or RCD

999 ms
OK

N 30mA

2V

x1/2
MAN

Indicates if the test was carried out with current


phase 0 or 180 with respect to the voltage.

UL= 50V

Limit set for the


contact voltage

SAVE

SAVING:

OK: indicates that


RCD passed the
test.
Value of contact
voltage
Ut
detected referred
to the rated value
of
the
RCD
current set.

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 24

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1.2.

Mode "MAN x1, x2, x5"

4. START

Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 0.

STOP

Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 180.
NOTE: Man 5 In and AUTO test modes arent available for RCD type A
When the RCD trips if the tripping time
is within the limits reported in table, the
instrument emits a double sound
signal
indicating
the
positive
outcome of the test and displays the
screen alongside.

RCD ~

40
x1
MAN

OK: indicates that the RCD passed the test.

SAVING:

ms

30mA
t

Limit set for the


contact voltage.

RCD tripping time

1V

0 UL= 50 V

It indicates if the test was carried out with current


phase 0 or 180 with respect to the voltage.

SAVE

or RCD

OK

500mA.

Value of contact
voltage
Ut
detected referred
to the rated value
of
the
RCD
current set.

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 25

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1.3.

Mode "AUTO"

4. START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key: The instrument carries out the following
six tests with different values of rated current:
1/2In at 0 (the RCD shall not trip).
1/2In at 180 (the RCD shall not trip).
In at 0 (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).
In at 180 (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).
5In at 0 (the RCD trips, blinking rcd, switch it on again).
5In at 180 (the RCD trips, end of the test).
In AUTO mode for each positive result (tripping time within the limits
see table) of a single test the following are displayed:
OK test passed.
Blinking rcd switch the RCD on again (if the RCD is not switched on
again the instrument does not proceed with the test).
The test ends if all values of test tripping times fall within the limits
reported in table, or at the first value out of limits.

NOTE: Man 5 In and AUTO test modes arent available for RCD type A
At the end of the test if
all six tests resulted to
be
positive,
the
instrument displays the
screen
alongside
relative to the last
measurement effected.

or RCD

ms

OK

N
x5

30mA

1V

t
180

UL= 50V

Value of contact
voltage
Ut
detected referred
to the rated value
of
the
RCD
current set.

Press the DISP key to scroll the results relative to the six tests
effected which can be shown cyclically according to the following
order: In at 0, In at 180, In at 0, In at 180, 5In at 0, 5In at
180.

DISP

SAVE

23
AUTO

OK: indicates that the RCD


passed the test.

5.

RCD ~

500mA.

SAVING:

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 26

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1.4.

Mode "RAMP

4. START

"

Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 0.

STOP

Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 180.
The instrument generates a leakage current growing step by step
for a given time interval.

At the end of the test if the RCD tripping


current is In (Type AC) or 1.4In (Type
A with In > 10mA) or 2In (Type A with
In 10mA), the instrument emits a
double sound signal indicating the
positive outcome of the test and
displays the screen alongside.
Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to the
rated value of the RCD current set.

SAVE

SAVING:

RCD ~

or RCD

24 mA
OK

41 ms

1V

t
0

RCD tripping time

UL= 50 V

OK: indicates that


the RCD passed
the test.

The test can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If the parameters set on the instrument are consistent with the kind of RCD under test
(and if the latter works properly) the ramp test SHALL CAUSE THE RCD TRIPPING
WITH A CURRENT LOWER THAN OR EQUAL TO THE SELECTED RATED
DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT. This test is not used to be effected to compare the RCD
tripping time at the tripping current, while the standards refer to the maximum tripping
times in case the RCD is checked with a leakage current equal to the rated current.

EN - 27

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.1.5.

Mode "Ut"

4. START

Press the START/STOP key once: the instrument carries out the
test.

STOP

If the RCD does NOT trip the


instrument emits a double sound
signal
indicating
the
positive
outcome of the test and displays the
screen alongside.
Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to the
rated value of the RCD current set.

RCD ~

1.4

or RCD

OK

49

N 30mA
Ut
0

UL=50 V

Value of earth resistance Ra. The display of the


message "o.r." means that the instrument detected
a resistance higher than 1999.

SAVE

SAVING:

OK: indicates that


the RCD passed
the test.
It indicates if the
test was carried
out with current
phase 0 or 180
with respect to
the voltage.

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

4.3.2. Tripping times for the general and selective RCDs


If the parameters set on the instrument are in keeping with the type of RCD under test
(and if this works correctly) the test with leakage current IN x1, IN x2, IN x5 SHALL
cause the RCD tripping within the times set according to the following table:
RCD type

IN x 1

IN x 2

IN x 5

General

0.3s

0.15s

0.04s

Max tripping time in seconds

0.5s

0.20s

0.15s

Max tripping time in seconds

0.13s

0.05s

0.05s

Minimum
seconds

Selective S

Description

delay

tripping

* For rated values IN 30mA the test current at five times is 0.25A.
For currents equal to IN the RCD shall not trip in any case.

Tripping times for tests with leakage currents IN x1, IN x2, IN x5 and AUTO.

EN - 28

time

in

MACROTEST 5035
4.3.3. Anomalous cases which may occur during the RCD tests in any working
mode
Should the instrument detect that the
phase and/or neutral cables are not
connected to an installation, screen
alongside is displayed when pressing
START/STOP.
Message no VOL tAGE: a too low voltage was
detected

Should the instrument detect a voltage


between phase and neutral higher of
265V, for example in case the blue
cable is connected to an installation
phase conductor of a 400V three-phase
system, the screen alongside is
displayed.

This screen is displayed when the phase


conductor was reversed with respect to
the neutral one.

RCD ~

or RCD

o
P-N

VOL

AG

RCD ~

or RCD

o Hi

P-N

VOL

AG

RCD ~

Message
Hi VOL tAG:
a too high voltage
was detected.

or RCD

oA

P-N

Message "Att":
voltage between
phase and earth
is too low.

The instrument does not effect the test.


Reverse the shuko plug or exchange the black
cable with the blue one. Repeat the test.

This screen is displayed when the


phase conductor was reversed with
respect to the earth one.

RCD ~

oA

P-PE

The instrument does not effect the test.


Reverse the phase to earth connection in the plug
or exchange the black cable with the green one.

This screen is displayed when in


biphase system the blue conductor was
reversed with respect to the green one.

RCD ~

oA

PEN

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 29

or RCD

Message "Att":
voltage between
phase and earth
is too low.

or RCD

MACROTEST 5035
If the instrument detects that the earth
cable (green) is not connected, the
screen alongside is displayed for 5
seconds then the initial display is back.
Check the connections of PE conductor
under test.

RCD ~

o>1999
PE

no

SAVE

or RCD

Message
no PE: the
instrument does
not detect the
protection circuit.

THE PREVIOUS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

In the tests MAN x1, x2, x5 and AUTO


(during x1 and x5 tests), if the RCD
trips to separate the circuit within a time
not complying with the limits reported in
table, the instrument emits a long
sound signal at the end of the test and
displays the values alongside.

RCD ~

or RCD

o 487 ms
N 30mA
x1

1V

MAN

0 UL= 50V

If the RCD trips within a time higher


than the instruments measuring limits,
the instrument emits a long sound
signal at the end of the test and
displays the values alongside.

RCD ~

o> 999 mS
N 30mA
x1

2V

MAN

RCD tripping time


ATTENTION: the
tripping time is
higher than the
standard limit.

RCD tripping
time:
> maximum
measuring time
(it depends on
type of test, see
following table).

0 UL= 50 V

The maximum duration depends on the test type:


Test type
MAN x1 test
MAN x2 test
MAN x5 test
test
SAVE

SAVING:

General RCD
999ms
200ms
50ms
300ms

Selective RCD
999ms
250ms
160ms

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 30

MACROTEST 5035
RCD ~

During the ramp


test if the RCD trips
to separate the circuit at a tripping
current higher than In (Type AC) or 1.4
In (Type A with In>10mA) or 2 In
(Type A with In10mA), the instrument
emits a long sound signal at the end
of the test and displays the values
alongside.

or RCD

o 33 mA
58ms

RCD tripping time

1V
t
0 UL= 50V

ATTENTION: the RCD tripping current is higher


than the rated value of the set differential current
(IN=30mA was set in the example).

During the ramp


test for general
RCDs if the RCD trips to separate the
circuit, the instrument emits a long
sound signal at the end of the test
and displays the values alongside.

RCD ~

o> 300 mS
N 42mA
t

Maximum current generated by the instrument


during the test for general RCDs (the value
indicated is referred to an AC type 30mA RCD, in
this case the maximum current supplied is equal to
1.4xIN )

SAVE

SAVING:

0 UL= 50 V

Contact voltage
UL referred to the
value of rated
current.

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If a contact voltage Ut higher than the


selected limit (UL) is detected the
instrument interrupts the test and emits
a long sound signal at the end of the
test and displays
the values
alongside.displays
the
screen
alongside.
Message >50V o >25V: the instrument detects
a contact voltage higher than the selected limit
(50V in this case).

SAVE

2V

RCD ~

o> 50
A

or RCD

V
UL

IN
x5
MAN

t
0

UL=50V

Message "Att
UL": a too high
contact voltage
was detected.

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

In order to store the contact voltage value Ut (out of the limits) effect the test under Ut
mode.

EN - 31

MACROTEST 5035
In case the instrument is unable to
generate the current because the fault
loop presents a too high resistance, the
instrument emits a long sound signal
at the end of the test and displays the
values alongside.

RCD ~

oA
N hi

ES
t
0 UL= 50 V

AUTO

During Ut test if the instrument detect s


a contact voltage Ut higher than the full
scale value, a long sound signal is
emitted at the end of the test and
displays the screen alongside

RCD ~

o> 100
A

UL

t
0

UL=50V

RCD ~

o c

N - - x1
MAN

Message hot: the instrument got overheated.

THIS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.


EN - 32

UL=50 V

RCD ~

If the instrument gets overheated, tests


cannot be carried out and the message
alongside is displayed. Wait until the
initial screen is back in order to proceed
with measurements.

SAVE

---

t
0

If the thermistores of the instrument are


damaged, it displays the screen
alongside.

IN

Message ">100V" or >50V:


the instrument detected a contact voltage higher
than the full scale. Under Ut mode the instrument
full scale is equal to 100V or 50V depending on the
value set for UL equal to 50V or 25V.

If the RCD trips during the preliminary


test at Idn (independently from the
working mode) the instrument displays
the screen alongside until voltage
between phase and earth is detected
again then the previous selected
screen is back.

Message
HI rES: the
instrument
detected a too
high
resistance
therefore it is
unable to effect
the test.

RCD ~

Message rcd:
the RCD trips too
early.
Some
leakage currents
may be present in
the installation.

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.

LOOP

MEASUREMENT OF LINE IMPEDANCE, FAULT LOOP


IMPEDANCE AND CALCULATION OF PROSPECTIVE
SHORT AND FAUL CIRCUIT CURRENT

Turn the switch on LOOP

position.

Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes
(which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
Mode P-N (the instrument measures the resistance between the phase
and neutral conductors and calculates the phase to neutral prospective
short circuit current).
Mode P-P (the instrument measures the resistance between two phase
conductors and calculates the phase to phase prospective short circuit
current).
Mode P-PE (the instrument measures the resistance between the
phase and protective conductors and calculates the phase to earth
prospective short circuit current).
Mode (the instrument detects the phase sequence and measures
the three delta voltages: L1-2, L2-3, L3-1).

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

EN - 33

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.1. Mode "P-N"
1. Select P-N mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. If possible disconnect all low impedance loads downstream the point at which the
measurement is to be taken, as such an impedance would be in parallel with the line
impedance to be measured.
3. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of the
single cables in the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see
possible connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the
crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1
L2
L3
N

B1
B1

B2

B3

B2

B3

B4

B4

Instrument connection for 230V single-phase or


two-phase line impedance measurement

Instrument connection for line impedance


measurement in a 400V three-phase system

4. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of
the three-phase system (see previous pictures).

5.

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

At the end of the test the instrument


emits a
double sound signal
indicating that the test is correctly
terminated and displays the values
alongside.

LOOP

1.07
P-N

223 V 214 A

Effective value of the phase to neutral prospective


short circuit current expressed in Ampere
calculated according to the following formula.

Value of phase to
neutral
line
impedance
expressed in .
Phase to neutral
effective voltage
value expressed
in Volt.

WARNING
The measurement of Phase-Neutral impedance entails the following of a
current of about 6A between the above said conductors. This may cause the
tripping of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal value lower than 10A. If
necessary effect the test upstream the RCD itself.

EN - 34

MACROTEST 5035
Calculation formula of prospective short circuit current:
U
I CC = N
Z PN
where UN= phase to neutral voltage 127V if Vmeas 150V
230V if 150V < Vmeas 265V
SAVE

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 35

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.2. Mode "P-P"
1. Select P-P mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. If possible disconnect all low impedance loads downstream the point at which the
measurement is to be taken, as such an impedance would be in parallel with the line
impedance to be measured.
3. Connect the 3 black, green and blue connectors of the single cables in the corresponding
input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following
pictures). When using untied cables connect the crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1
L2
L3
N

B1

B2

B3

B4

Instrument connection for measurement of phase to phase impedance


4. Connect the crocodiles to the conductors of the three-phase system (see picture).

5.

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

At the end of the test the instrument


emits a
double sound signal
indicating that the test is correctly
terminated and displays the values
alongside.

Value of phase to
phase
line
impedance
expressed in .

LOOP

1.07
P-P

383 V 374 A

Effective value of the phase to phase prospective


short circuit current expressed in Ampere
calculated according to the following formula.

Phase to phase
effective voltage
value expressed
in Volt.

WARNING
The measurement of Phase-Phase impedance entails the following of a
current of about 11.5A between the above said conductors. This may cause
the tripping of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal value lower than 10A. If
necessary effect the test upstream the RCD itself.
Formula for calculation of prospective short circuit current:
where

SAVE

I CC =

UN
Z PP

UN= phase to phase voltage 127V if Vmeas 150V


230V if 150V < Vmeas 265V
400V if Vmeas > 265V
SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).
EN - 36

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.3. Mode "P-PE"
1. Select P-PE mode by means of the FUNC key.
2. Connect the 3 black, blue and green connectors of the three-terminal shuko cable or of the
single cables in the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see
possible connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the
crocodiles to the free ends of the cables.

L1
L2
L3
N

B1
B1

B2

B3

B2

B3

B4

B4

Connection for loop impedance measurement in


a 230V single- or two-phase system

Connection for loop impedance measurement in


a 400V three-phase system with neutral

L1
L2
L3

B1

B2

B3

B4

Measurement of loop impedance in a 230 or 400V three-phase system without neutral


3. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of
the three-phase system (see previous pictures).
4. The instrument carries out the test verifying that the contact voltage of the installation
masses relating to the current actually supplied by the instrument is not higher than the
limit contact voltage value. The limit contact voltage which reference is made to is that
set under one of the following functions: RCD
, RCD
or Ra15mA.
Example: if you are effecting some tests in a medical room, the limit contact voltage is
equal to 25V. The operator will switch on one of the following functions: RCD
,
RCD
or Ra15mA, and select the limit contact voltage of 25V by means of UL. At
this stage if you turn the selector on LOOP ZS/IK under mode P-PE, the instrument will
refer to the limit of 25V during the test.

EN - 37

MACROTEST 5035
5. START

Press the START/STOP key once. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with positive half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 0.

STOP

Press the START/STOP key twice. The instrument carries out the
test injecting a current in phase with negative half wave of the
voltage indicated on display by 180.
At the end of the test the instrument
emits a
double sound signal
indicating that the test is correctly
terminated and displays the values
alongside.

LOOP

3.65
P-PE

221 V 63A

Effective value of the phase to earth prospective


short circuit current expressed in Ampere
calculated according to the following formula.

Value of phase to
earth
fault
impedance
expressed in .
Phase to earth
effective voltage
value expressed
in Volt.

WARNING
The measurement of Phase-PE impedance entails the following of a current
of about 6A between the above said conductors. This may cause the tripping
of magnetothermal RCDs with nominal current value lower. If necessary
effect the test upstream the RCD itself.

Formula for calculation of prospective short circuit current:


I CC =

UN
Z PE

where UN= phase to earth voltage

SAVE

SAVING:

127V if 100V < Vmeas < 150V


230V if 150V < Vmeas 265V

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 38

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.4. Mode " "
1. Connect the three black, red and green connectors of the untied cables in the corresponding
input terminals of the instrument B1, B2, B3 and the crocodiles to the free ends of the
cables.
L1
L2
L3
N

B1

B2

B3

B4

Instrument connection for phase sequence indication L1=black cable, L2=blue cable, L3=green cable
2. Connect the crocodiles to the three phases of the system under test. The instrument
displays the following screen (before pushing START/STOP key):
Voltage value between Phase1 and Phase2.

386 V

Voltage value between Phase3 and Phase1.

388 V 388 V
Voltage value between Phase2 and Phase3.

4. START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key to start the measurement of phase


sequence, one of the following screen will be displayed:

At the end of the test the instrument


displays the values alongside in case of
correct phase sequence, which means
the black cable is connected to the
phase1=L1, the blue cable to the
phase2=L2 and green cable to the
phase3=L3.
At the end of the test the instrument
displays the values alongside in case of
wrong phase sequence.

123

Message "123":
means that the
phase sequence
is correct.

o 213

Message "213":
means that the
phase sequence
is wrong.

WARNING
The display of Measuring indicates that the instrument is effecting the
measurement. During this phase do not disconnect the test leads from the
instrument.
SAVE

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).
EN - 39

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.5. Anomalous cases which may occur during LOOP tests in any working mode
Should the instrument detect that the
phase and/or neutral cables are not
connected to an installation, screen
alongside is displayed when pressing
START/STOP.

This screen is displayed when system


the phase conductor was reversed with
respect to the neutral.

LOOP

o
P-N

VOL

Message
"no VOL tAG: a
too low voltage
was detected.

AG
LOOP

oA
P-N

Message Att:
too low voltage
between
phase
and earth.

The instrument does not effect the test.


Reverse the shuko plug and exchange the black
cable with the blue one. Check the earth
connection. Repeat the test.

This screen is displayed when the


phase conductor was reversed with
respect to the earth.

LOOP

oA
P-PE

Message Att:
too low voltage
between
phase
and neutral.

The instrument does not effect the test.


Reverse the phase to earth connection in the plug
under test or exchange the black cable with the
green one. Repeat the test.

Should the instrument detect a voltage


between phase and neutral higher of
265V, for example in case the blue
cable is connected to an installation
phase conductor of a 400V three-phase
system, the screen alongside is
displayed.
This screen is displayed when in
biphase system the blue conductor was
reversed with respect to the green one.

LOOP

o Hi

P-N

VOL

AG

LOOP

oA

PEN

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 40

Message
Hi
VOL tAG: a too
high voltage was
detected.

MACROTEST 5035
If the instrument detects that the earth
cable (green) is not connected, the
screen alongside is displayed for 5
seconds then the initial display is back.
Check the connections of PE conductor
under test.

LOOP

o>1999
PE

no
If a contact voltage Ut higher than the
selected limit (UL) is detected the
instrument interrupts the test and emits
a long sound signal at the end of the
test and displays
the values
alongside.displays
the
screen
alongside.

LOOP

o> 50
A

V
UL

Message "Att
UL":
a too high
contact voltage
was detected

t
0

UL=50V

Message ">50" o >25V: the instrument detects


a contact voltage higher than the selected limit
(50V in this case).

If during the test the instrument detects


a lack of voltage the screen alongside
is displayed.

Message
no PE: the
instrument does
not detect the
protection circuit.

The
instrument
can display 0 or
180

LOOP

o c
P-P

---

---

P-P or P-N
or P-PE

If the thermistores of the instrument are


damaged, it displays the screen
alongside.

If the instrument gets overheated it


does not permit to effect the tests and
displays the message alongside. Wait
until the instrument displays the initial
screen
before
proceeding
with
measuring.

SAVE

LOOP

LOOP

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.


EN - 41

Messagge hot:
the instrument is
overheated.

MACROTEST 5035
If the instrument finds a network
frequency out of range it does not
permit to effect the tests and displays
the message alongside.

Message
Err SYn cro:
frequency is out
of range.

LOOP

o
c

SAVE

THIS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

If under P-PE mode the instrument


carries out the test and detects a
resistance to higher than 1999, the
screen alongside is displayed.

LOOP

o>1999
218 V

Value of voltage existing between the instruments


terminals phase to earth

Under mode P-P o P-N if the


instrument detects a resistance
higher than 199.9 the instrument
displays the alongside screen.

1A

LOOP

o>199.9
P-N

Value of voltage existing between the instruments


terminals (phase to phase if the test is P-P, phase
to neutral if the test is P-N).

SAVE

SAVING:

218 V

Message
>1999:
the
instrument
detects an earth
resistance higher
than 1999.

1A

Message
">199.9":
the
instrument
detects a line
loop
resistance
higher
than
199.9.
P-N or P-P

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 42

MACROTEST 5035
4.4.6. Anomalous cases which may occur during phase sequence tests
In case that every delta voltages result
to be lower than 100V, the instrument
does not effect the test and displays
the screen alongside.
Messagge Lo VOL tAG: the instrument has at
least one too low voltage. The instrument does not
effect the test.

If the voltage present at B1 input too


low, when START/STOP is pressed the
instrument displays the message
alongside.

L
VOL

AG
Message Att no
L1: voltage of
phase 1 is too low

oA

l1
If the voltage present at B2 input too
low, when START/STOP is pressed the
instrument displays the message
alongside.

Message Att no
L2: voltage of
phase 2 is too low

oA

l2
If the voltage present at B3 input too
low, when START/STOP is pressed the
instrument displays the message
alongside.

Message Att no
L3: voltage of
phase 3 is too low

oA

l3
If two measurement cables were
connected to the same phase
conductor, when START/STOP is
pressed the instrument displays the
message alongside.

SAVE

o ph

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 43

Message
PH
double:
two
cables
are
connected to the
same
phase
conductor.

MACROTEST 5035
If one cable is not connected to the
network or one phase is absent, the
instrument
displays
the
screen
alongside
Black cable=L1 is not connected to one phase of
the installation. Voltage between phase L3 and
phase L1 is null (L3 - L1).

0V
0 V 388 V

Black cable= L1
is not connected
to one phase of
the
installation.
Voltage between
phase L2 and
phase L3 is not
null (L2- L3).

Black cable=L1 is not connected to one phase of


the installation. Voltage between phase L1 and
phase L2 is null (L1-L2).

If two or more cables of the instrument is


not connected, it displays screen
alongside.

0V
0V

SAVE

SAVING:

0V

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 44

MACROTEST 5035
4.5.

Ra15mA

: MEASUREMENT OF GLOBAL EARTH RESISTANCE WITH


CURRENT OF 15mA AND CALCULATION OF PROSPECTIVE
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT

Turn the switch on Ra15mA position.


Switch on the instrument.

1. Connect the three black, blue and green connectors of the shuko cable or of the untied
cables in the corresponding input terminals of the instrument B1, B3, B4 (see possible
connections in the following pictures). When using untied cables connect the crocodiles to
the free ends of the cables.

L1
L2
L3
N

B1
B1

B2

B3

B2

B3

B4

B4

Connection for Global Earth Resistance in a 230V Connection for Global Earth Resistance in a 400V
single- or two-phase system
three-phase system with neutral

L1
L2
L3

B1

B2

B3

B4

Global Earth Resistance in a 230V or 400V three-phase system without neutral


2. Connect the shuko plug into a 230V 50Hz socket or the crocodiles to the conductors of
the three-phase system (see previous picture).

EN - 45

MACROTEST 5035
3.

UL

4.

START
STOP

The key UL permits to select one of the following limit values for the
contact voltage (which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
50V (default)
25V.
Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

At the end of the test the instrument


emits a
double sound signal
indicating that the test is correctly
terminated and displays the values
alongside.

49
P-PE

223 V

Effective value of the phase to earth prospective


short circuit current expressed in Ampere
calculated according to the following formula.
Resolution is 1A.

Note:

RCD LOOP

4A

Value of Global
Earth Resistance
expressed in .
Resolution is 1.
Value of phase to
earth
voltage
detected during
the measurement.
Resolution is 1V.

The test permits to effect the measurement of Global Earth Resistance without
causing RCD tripping in case of RCD with rated IN higher than or equal to 0.03A.
Formula for the calculation of the prospective short circuit current:
I CC =

UN
RA

where UN= phase to earth voltage

127V if 100V < Vmeas 150V


230V if 150V < Vmeas 265V

RA = global earth resistance

WARNING
The display of Measuring indicates that the instrument is effecting the
measurement. During this phase do not disconnect the test leads from the
instrument.
SAVE

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 46

MACROTEST 5035
4.5.1. Anomalous cases which may occur during RA15mA
Should the instrument detect that the
phase and/or neutral cables are not
connected to an installation, screen
alongside is displayed when pressing
START/STOP.
Message "no": the instrument does not effect the
test because a too low voltage was detected.

Should the instrument detect a voltage


between phase and neutral higher of
265V, for example in case the blue
cable is connected to an installation
phase conductor of a 400V three-phase
system, the screen alongside is
displayed.
This screen is displayed when the
phase conductor was reversed with
respect to the neutral.

tests

RCD LOOP

o
P-N

VOL

Message no VOL
tAG: a too low
voltage was
detected.

AG

RCD LOOP

o Hi

Message
Hi
VOL tAG: a too
high voltage was
detected

P-N

VOL

AG

RCD LOOP

oA
P-N

Message "ATT":
voltage between
phase and earth
is too low.

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse


the shuko plug or exchange the black cable with
the blue one. Repeat the test

This screen is displayed when the


phase conductor was reversed with
respect to the earth.

RCD LOOP

oA
P-PE

The instrument does not effect the test. Reverse


the phase to earth connection in the plug under
test or exchange the black cable with the green
one. Repeat the test.

This screen is displayed when in


biphase system the blue conductor was
reversed with respect to the green one.

RCD LOOP

oA

PEN

The instrument does not effect the test.

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 47

Message "Att":
voltage between
phase
and
neutral is
too
low.

MACROTEST 5035
If the instrument detects that the earth
cable (green) is not connected, the
screen alongside is displayed for 5
seconds then the initial display is back.
Check the connections of PE conductor
under test.

RCD LOOP

o>1999
PE

no
If a contact voltage Ut higher than the
selected limit (UL) is detected the
instrument interrupts the test and emits
a long sound signal at the end of the
test and displays
the values
alongside.displays
the
screen
alongside.

RCD LOOP

o> 50
A

Message
"no PE": the
instrument does
not detect the
protection circuit.

V
UL

Message
"Att UL": a too
high
contact
voltage
was
detected

Message ">50" o >25V:


the instrument detects a contact voltage higher
than the selected limit (50V in this case)

If no power is detected during the test


the instrument displays the screen
alongside.

RCD LOOP

o c
---

If the thermistores of the instrument are


damaged, it displays the screen
alongside.

If the instrument gets overheated it


does not permit to effect the tests and
displays the message alongside. Wait
until the instrument displays the initial
screen
before
proceeding
with
measuring.

SAVE

---

RCD LOOP

RCD LOOP

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.


EN - 48

Messagge hot:
the instrument is
overheated.

MACROTEST 5035
If under P-PE mode the instrument
caries out the test and detects a global
earth resistance to higher than
1999, the screen alongside is
displayed for 5 seconds then the initial
display is back.
Value of contact voltage Ut detected referred to
the carried out value of the RCD current set.
Resolution 1V.

SAVE

SAVING:

RCD LOOP

o>1999
P-PE

31 V

Message
">1999":
the
instrument
detects an earth
resistance higher
than 1999.

0A

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 49

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.

EARTH : EARTH RESISTANCE AND RESISTIVITY MAESUREMENT


Turn the switch on EARTH position.
Switch on the instrument.

FUNC

The key FUNC permits to select one of the following measuring modes
(which can be shown cyclically when pressing the key):
Mode 2P (the instrument measures earth resistance between 2 points).
Mode 3P (the instrument measures earth resistance using two auxiliary
earth rods).
Mode (the instrument measures earth resistivity).

The resistance is measured with a 4-cables voltamperometric method, so the value


measured is not depending on the utilized cables. For this reason this method doesnt
need any cables calibration.
If the cables werent long enough, lengthen them or utilize cables longer than the standard
ones. Pay attention to always lengthen each cable separate from each one other.

EN - 50

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.1. Measurement procedure for "2P" test mode
1. Select "2P" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.
2. Connect the Black, Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the
instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).
3. Connect the black, and green cables to the earth plant and red and blue cables to the
auxiliary rod.

B1

B2

B3

B4

2 points earth resistance measurement


4.

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

At the end of the test the instrument


displays the values alongside.
Average value of earth resistance calculated over
the number of test displayed.

EARTH

0.96
2P

Valore
resistenza
misurato

della

0.93
Mode 2P.

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVE

Note:

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive
tests.

5. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the
new average value.

6.

DISP

Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value
calculation and the measuring mode.

7.

CLR

Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance
and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.
EN - 51

MACROTEST 5035
When the environmental conditions preclude the 3P measurement mode, as for example
in the city center, In TT plants is possible to measure the earth resistance with the
simplified 2P method that gives an higher value than the 3P mode does.
An auxiliary rod is necessary, it must have an unimportant earth resistance and must be
independent by the earth plant under test.
In the picture is shown a water tube as auxiliary rod, but it could be replaced by any
metallic object fixed to the ground.
Example: if the operator takes three consecutive measurements, the instrument displays
1st measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.90)
secondary display on the left-hand side = 001 (no. of measurements = 1
means that 1 earth measurement has been taken)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken (in case just one
measurement has been taken the medium value is equal to the measured
value, in this case 0.90)
nd
2 measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.96)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no.
of measurements = (0.90+0.96)/2 = 0.93)
rd
3 measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.93)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no.
of measurements = (0.90+0.96+0.93)/3 = 0.93)

Note:

Any test with result over 1999 is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1st measurement:


main display: 1,07
secondary display: 1,07
2nd measurement
main display: 4,15
secondary display: 2,61
3rd measurement (not inserted in the medium value)
main display: >1999
secondary display: 2,61

EN - 52

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.1.1. Earth resistance measurement from a socket
On TT installations its possible to take an earth measurement with a simplified method,
which gives an excess value (therefore safer), using the NEUTRAL of the national Energy
Board taken directly from a socket as an auxiliary rod; if also the earth connection is
available, naturally the measurement can be taken on the socket directly, between
NEUTRAL and EARTH.
Although this test is not provided for by CEI 64.8 at present, it gives a value which many 3wires comparison tests proved to be revealing for earth resistance.

B1

B2

B3

B4

Earth measurement with simplified method on panel board

WARNING
If you want to take the measurement using the neutral and the earth of a
normal socket, you may happen to connect to the phase. In this case the
display will show the voltage, the symbol
(wrong inserting) and wont take
any measurement even if START/STOP is pressed.

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

EN - 53

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.2. Measurement procedure for "3P" test mode
The measurement is taken according to what prescribed for CEI 64.8, IEC 781, VDE 0413,
EN61557-5.
1. Select "3P" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.
2. Connect the Black, Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the
instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).
3. Connect the black, and green cables to the earth plant and red and blue cables to the
auxiliary rods.

B1

B2

B3

B4

3 points earth resistance measurement


Measuring small earth plants, current probe must be positioned a distance from the earth
equipment outline corresponding to five times the diagonal of the area of the earth
equipment under test, measuring big earth plants this distance could be reduced up to one
time the diagonal.

4.

START
STOP

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

At the end of the test the instrument


displays the values alongside.
Average value of earth resistance calculated over
the number of test displayed.

EARTH

0.96
2P

Valore
resistenza
misurato

della

0.93
Mode 2P.

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVE

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 54

MACROTEST 5035
Note:

If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive
tests.

5. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the
new average value.

6.

DISP

Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value
calculation and the measuring mode.

7.

CLR

Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance
and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.

Example: if the operator takes three consecutive measurements, the instrument displays
1st measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.90)
secondary display on the left-hand side = 001 (no. of measurements = 1
means that 1 earth measurement has been taken)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken (in case just one
measurement has been taken the medium value is equal to the measured
value, in this case 0.90)
nd
2 measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.96)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no.
of measurements = (0.90+0.96)/2 = 0.93)
3rd measurement:
main display = measured resistance value (Ex: 0.93)
secondary display = average of the measurements taken ((Val1+Val2)/no.
of measurements = (0.90+0.96+0.93)/3 = 0.93)

Note:

Any test with result over 1999 is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1st measurement:


main display: 1,07
secondary display: 1,07
nd
2 measurement
main display: 4,15
secondary display: 2,61
3rd measurement (not inserted in the medium value)
main display: >1999
secondary display: 2,61

EN - 55

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.3. Measurement procedure for "" test mode
The earth resistivity is a very useful parameter, its value could help the designer to
correctly size the earth rods in an earth plant.
The measurement is taken according to what prescribed for CEI 64.8, IEC 781, VDE 0413,
EN61557-5
1. Select "" earth measurement mode by means of the F1 key.
2. Connect the Black, Red, Green and Blue cables to the corresponding input terminals of the
instrument B1, B2, B3, B4 (see possible connections in the following picture).
3. Connect the cables to the auxiliary rods (see connections in the following picture).

B1

B2

B3

B4

a
Earth resistivity measurement
4.

Un/In
DIST

To select the distance DIST between the rods. This parameter can take
the following values (expressed in meters): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.

At the end of the test the instrument


displays the values alongside.

5
SE

-
m

LE

Distance between the rods set value.

UL
Press UL and S keys to select the distance value.

5.
S
6.

RCL
ESC

7.

START
STOP

Press ESC key to leave this menu confirming the settings.

Press the START/STOP key. The instrument starts the test.

EN - 56

MACROTEST 5035
At the end of the test the instrument
displays the values alongside.
Earth resistivity value

36.5
2

0.93

WARNING
The display of Measuring means that the instrument is measuring. During
this phase never disconnect test leads.

SAVE

Note:

SAVING:

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

If START/STOP key was kept pressed, the instrument takes more consecutive
tests.

8. When a new value is acquired the instrument emits a short sound and calculates the
new average value.

9.

DISP

Press DISP key to show how many measurements are in average value
calculation and the measuring mode.

10.

CLR

Press CLR key if you want to cancel the medium value of the resistance
and the no. of measurements which are included in the calculation.

Note:

Any test with result over 1999 is not inserted in the calculation of medium value.

Example: 1st measurement (D=1):


main display: 6,6m
secondary display: 6,6m
2nd measurement (D=1):
main display: 4,15
secondary display: 2,61
rd
3 measurement (not inserted in the medium value)
main display: >1999
secondary display: 2,61

EN - 57

MACROTEST 5035
4.6.4. Anomalous cases which may occur during EARTH tests
If the voltmetric circuit (red and green
cables) is interrupted, when pressing
START/STOP the instrument doesnt
manage to read the minimum voltage,
therefore a screen similar to the one
beside appears. Make sure that the
terminals are connected correctly and
that the voltmetric rod (red conductor)
has not been driven into a gravely or
scarcely
conductive
ground.
If
necessary, pour water around the rod.

If
the
amperometric
circuit
is
interrupted,
when
pressing
START/STOP the instrument doesnt
manage to read the minimum current,
therefore a screen similar to the one
beside appears. Make sure that the
terminals are connected correctly and
that the amperometric rod (blue
conductor) has not been driven into a
gravely or scarcely conductive ground.
If necessary, pour water around the
rod.

In case both the amperometric circuit


and
the
voltmetric
circuit
are
interrupted,
when
pressing
START/STOP the instrument doesnt
manage to read the minimum current
nor the minimum voltage, therefore a
screen similar to the one beside
appears. Make sure that the terminals
are connected correctly and that the
amperometric and voltmetric rods (blue
and red conductors) has not been
driven into a gravely or scarcely
conductive ground. If necessary, pour
water around the rod.
SAVE

rP indicates an
high
resistance
value.

o --P

---

rC indicates an
high
resistance
value.

o -----

o --P

THE PREVIOUS RESULTS CANNOT BE SAVED.

EN - 58

rC and rP indicate
a high resistance
value both for the
voltmetric circuit
and
for
the
amperometric
circuit.

MACROTEST 5035
If the instrument measures an
interfering voltage higher than 30V
on the amperometric circuit, it
doesnt perform the test and a screen
similar to the one beside appears.

o 31 V
VOL

AG

Voltage value on the amperometric circuit

SAVE

THE PREVIOUS RESULT CANNOT BE SAVED.

If the resistance measured is higher


than the full scale of the instrument,
when pressing START/STOP the
instrument performs the test and a
screen similar to the one beside
appears.

If the resistivity measurement is higher


than
the
following
value
1999x6.28x(distance between the rods
selected),
when
pressing
START/STOP the instrument performs
the test and a screen similar to the one
beside appears.

SAVE

SAVING:

o >1999
---

---

o> 1999
---

1999 is the full


scale
of
the
instrument.

1999 is the full


scale
of
the
instrument.

---

The tests can be stored pressing the SAVE key twice


(according to paragraph 5.1).

EN - 59

MACROTEST 5035

5. HOW TO SAVE, RECALL AND CLEAR DATA STORED IN MEMORY


5.1.
SAVE: "SAVE" KEY
If the results relative to the tests effected are to be stored you can proceed as follows:
1. SAVE

Press the SAVE key once.


If the memory of the instrument is not
empty it displays the screen alongside.
Number of the memory location in which the
measurement results will be stored.
Value of the parameter PLA related to the
measurement to be saved.

MEM

3
Pla

02

UL
2.
S

Use the UL, S keys to increase or diminish the value of the PLA
parameter to be related to the measurement which is to be saved. This
parameter helps the operator to classify the tests effected.
Example: if the tests are to be carried out in a building, the operator
can associate the measurements effected in a room with a
given value of the parameter PLA. In this way different
value of the parameter PLA will correspond to different
rooms.

3. SAVE

RCL
ESC

Press the SAVE key again, the instrument emits two sound signals
confirming that the test results have been stored.
Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go
back to the measurement selected.

EN - 60

MACROTEST 5035
5.2.
RECALL: "RCL" KEY
If you want to recall the stored test results proceed as follows:

1.

RCL
ESC

Press the RCL/ESC key.


If the memory of the instrument is not
empty it displays the screen alongside.
Number of the memory location in which the
measurement results were stored.
Value of the parameter PLA related to the
saved measurement

MEM

3
Pla

02

UL
2.
S
3.
DISP

Use the UL, S keys to select the memory location number to be


displayed.

Press the DISP key to display the test result related to the selected
memory location. If a RCD AUTO mode was selected, press DISP key
another time to scroll all the data stored.

UL
S

Use the UL, S keys again if you want to display again the numbers of
memory locations.

RCL
ESC

Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go back
to the measurement selected.

4.

EN - 61

MACROTEST 5035
5.3.
CLEAR: "CLR" KEY
If you want to cancel the stored tests results proceed as follows:

1.

RCL
ESC

Press the RCL/ESC key. The instrument displays a screen like the
following:
Number of the memory location in which the
measurement results were stored.

Value of the parameter PLA related to the


saved measurement.

MEM

3
Pla

02

UL
Use the UL, S keys to select the number of the memory location.

2.
S
ATTENTION:

the instrument will cancel all the results stored from the memory location
selected to the last one full.

3. DISP

Press the DISP key to display the test result related to the memory
location selected. In case that a few results were stored in the memory
location (Ex: RCD test under AUTO mode) it is necessary to press DISP
more than once to display them

CLR

Press CLR once. The blinking symbol "clr" is displayed. Now you face
two possibilities:

4.

Last location with data stored number.

MEM

C
The instrument cancels the memory cells from
n.2 to n.8, where n.2 is the one selected by
the operator while n.8 is the last test saved in
the instrument.

RCL
ESC

02

i
08

CLR

Press CLR again if the tests selected are to be cancelled


starting from the one selected down to the last one saved.

RCL
ESC

Press RCL/ESC to nullify the clearing phase. The blinking


symbol "clr" disappears.

Press RCL/ESC key at any time to leave the memory menu and go back
to the measurement selected.

EN - 62

MACROTEST 5035

6. RESET OF THE INSTRUMENT AND DEFAULT PARAMETERS


BEFORE OF A RESET PROCEDURE DOWNLOAD THE STORED TESTS ON A PC
6.1.
RESET PROCEDURE
1. Press at the same time the keys DISP, CLR, RCL and then ignite the instrument.
2.
The screen nearby is displayed
for 5 seconds, after which the
instrument emits a sound signal
and then displays the screen
relative to the function selected
with the rotary switch.

es

ATTENTION:

the reset procedure will cancel all the stored tests and it will set the
default parameters in the instrument.

6.2.
DEFAULT PARAMETERS
After a RESET the default parameters set on the instrument are:
Function

Parameter

RESET default parameter

LOW

Mode
Calibration Offset
Mode R+/R- TIMER

AUTO
0
TIMER is set at 1s

RISO

Mode
Test voltage
Mode TIMER

MAN
500V
TIMER is set at 60s

RCD tipo
A/AC

Mode
Test differential current
Contact voltage limit

x1
30mA
50V

LOOP ZS/IK

Mode

P-N

EARTH

Parameter DIST

DIST = 1

Memory

Parameter PLA
Memory state

P=1
0

EN - 63

MACROTEST 5035

7. INSTRUMENT CONNECTION TO A PC
The connection between PC and instrument is realized through the serial port and optical
serial cable, provided with the software package.
Before effecting the connection it is necessary to select the COM port used for the
transmission. To set this parameter start the software and look up the help on line.
ATTENTION:

The selected port shall NOT be shared by other devices or applications


(example mouse, modem, etc.)..

To transfer the stored data from the instrument to the PC keep to the following procedure:

1. Turn the switch on position RS232.

FUNC

2. By means of the FUNC key select the mode "Ser":


Then proceed according to the software instruction manual to transfer the
measurements effected.
The
communication
instrument and PC occurs.

Note:

between

se

The right download speed is: 57600 baud (see software instruction manual).

EN - 64

MACROTEST 5035

8. MAINTENANCE
8.1.
GENERAL
1. The tester you have purchased is a precision instrument. Strictly follow the instructions
for use and storage reported in this manual to avoid any possible damage or danger
during use.
2. Do not use this tester under unfavorable conditions of high temperature or humidity. Do
not expose to direct sunlight.
3. Be sure to turn off the tester after use. If the instrument is not to be used for a long
period you are recommended to remove batteries to avoid acid leakage which may
damage the internal circuits of the instrument.
8.2.
BATTERY REPLACEMENT
When the symbol
is displayed batteries are to be replaced.

WARNING
Only skilled technicians can perform this operation. Before replacing batteries
make sure that all test leads have been disconnected from input terminals. The
instrument is capable of keeping the data stored even though batteries are
not installed.

1.
2.
3.
4.

Switch OFF the instrument.


Remove all the test leads from the input terminals.
Unscrew the fixing screws from the battery compartment cover and remove it.
Remove all batteries replacing them with 6 new ones of the same type (1.5V LR6
AA AM3 MN 1500) respecting the polarity signs.
5. Fix the screws on the battery compartment cover. Then put the holster on.
8.3.
INSTRUMENT CLEANING
Use a soft dry cloth to clean the instrument. Never use wet cloths, solvents, water, etc.

EN - 65

MACROTEST 5035

9. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
9.1.
TECHNICAL FEATURES
Accuracy is indicated as [% of reading + number of digits]. It refers to the atmospheric
conditions listed in paragraph 9.2.1.
- Continuity (LOW)
Test mode

Measuring range ()
0,01 19,99
20,0 99,9

AUTO, R+TIMER, R-TIMER


Test current
Test current resolution
Open circuit Test Voltage

Resolution ()
0,01
0,1

Accuracy
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)

>200mA DC up to 5 (include the resistance of the calibration)


1mA
6V < V0 < 12V

- Insulation resistance (RISO)


Test voltage (V)

Measuring range ()
0,01 - 19,99
20,0 - 49,9
50,0 - 99,9
0,01 - 19,99
20,0 - 99,9
100,0 - 199,9
0,01 - 19,99
20,0 - 199,9
200 - 249
250 - 499
0,01 - 19,99
20,0 - 199,9
200 - 499
500 - 999
0,01 - 19,99
20,0 - 199,9
200 - 999
1000 - 1999

50

100

250

500

1000

Resolution ()
0,01
0,1
0,1
0,01
0,1
0,1
0,01
0,1
1
1
0,01
0,1
1
1
0,01
0,1
1
1

Accuracy
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)
(5% rdg + 2 dgt)
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)
(5% rdg + 2 dgt)
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)
(5% rdg + 2 dgt)
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)
(5% rdg + 2 dgt)
(2% rdg + 2 dgt)
(5% rdg + 2 dgt)

Automatic selection of the measuring range


Open circuit voltage
Rated voltage test 0% +10%
Short circuit current
<6,0mA with 500V set
Rated measuring current
>2,2mA with 500V on 230k
1mA a 1K x VNOM ( 500 V)

- RCD tripping tests (RCD

or RCD

RCD type
Range of phase to earth voltage
Rated tripping currents (IN)

AC, A General and Selective


100 265V 50Hz + 0.5 Hz
10mA, 30mA, 100mA, 300mA, 500mA

- Contact voltage (Ut)


Measuring range (V)
0 2Ut lim
Ut lim (UL): 25V o 50V

Resolution (V)
0,1

EN - 66

Accuracy
-0%, +(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

MACROTEST 5035
- Tripping time (tN)
Measuring range (ms)
IN, IN
1999
2 IN
1200 general
1250 selective
150 general
5 IN RCD (*)
1160 selective

Resolution (ms)

Accuracy

(2% rdg + 2 dgt)

(*) Man 5 In and AUTO test modes arent available for RCD type A

500mA

- Earth resistance RA without RCD tripping


Measuring range ()
1 1999
Test current

Accuracy
-0%, +(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

Resolution ()
1

0.5 IN set in Ut test mode


15mA in Ra 15mA test

- Tripping current for RCD type A and AC

General RCD with IN 10mA


RCD type
AC
A

Measuring range IN (mA)


(0,5 1,4) IN
(0,5 2,4) IN

Resolution (mA)

Accuracy

0,1 IN

-0%, +10% IN

Resolution (mA)

Accuracy

0,1 IN

-0%, +10% IN

General RCD with IN > 10mA


RCD type
AC
A

Measuring range IN (mA)


(0,5 1,4) IN
(0,5 2) IN

- AC voltage
Measuring range (V)
0 460

Resolution (V)
1

Accuracy
(3% rdg + 2 dgt)

Resolution (Hz)
0,1

Accuracy
(0,1% rdg + 1 dgt)

- Frequency
Measuring range (Hz)
47,0 63,6

- Line impedance (phase to phase or phase to neutral)


Measuring range ()
0,01 19,99
20,0 199,9
Max peak test current

Phase to phase test voltage


Phase to neutral test voltage

Resolution ()
0,01
0,1

Accuracy
(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

127V
3,65A
230V
6,64A
400V
11,5A
100 460V 50Hz 0,5Hz
100 265V 50Hz 0,5Hz

- Fault loop impedance


Measuring range ()
0,01 19,99
20,0 199,9
200 1999
Max peak test current
Phase to earth test voltage

Resolution ()
0,01
0,1
1
127V
3,65A
230V
6,64A
100 265V 50Hz 0,5Hz

EN - 67

Accuracy
(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

MACROTEST 5035
- Global earth resistance (Ra15mA)
Measuring range ()
1 1999
Test current
Phase to earth test voltage

Resolution ()
1

Accuracy
(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

15mA
100 265V 50Hz 0,5Hz

- Earth resistance measurement with voltamperometric method


Measuring range ()
0,01 19,99
20,0 199,9
200 1999
Test current
Open load test voltage

Resolution ()
0,01
0,1
1

Accuracy
(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

<10mA 77,5Hz
<20V RMS

- Earth resistivity measurement


Measuring range ()
0.06 19,99 m
20.0 199.9 m
200 1999 m
2,00 19,99 km
20.0 125,5 km (*)
(*) with D = 10m
Test current
Open load test voltage

Resolution (m)
0,01 m
0.1 m
1 m
0.01 km
0.1 km

Accuracy

(5% rdg + 3 dgt)

<10mA 77,5Hz
<20V RMS

9.1.1. Safety standards


The instrument complies with:
Product norms:
Insulation:
Pollution level:
Inside use; max height:
Overvoltage category:

EN 61010-1 + A2(1997)
IEC61557-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6
Class 2, double insulation
2
2000m
CAT III 460V B1-B2-B3-B4 / 265V to earth

9.1.2. General specifications


Mechanical features
Dimensions:
Weight (batteries included):

222(L) x 165(La) x 105(H)mm


approx. 1200g

Power supply
Battery type:
Low battery indication:
Battery life:

6 batteries 1.5 V LR6 AA AM3 MN 1500


is displayed when the battery
The symbol
voltage is too low.
About 40 hours in stand-by or
500 Low tests or
250 RISO tests 500V/500k or
1000 Loop, RCD o phase sequence tests
300 Earth or tests.

Display:

LCD custom 65mmx65mm

Memory:

350 tests

Serial interface:

optoisolated RS232 to download stored data to a PC.


EN - 68

MACROTEST 5035
9.2.
ENVIRONMENT
9.2.1. Environmental working conditions
Reference temperature:
23 5C
Working temperature:
0C 40 C
Relative humidity allowed:
<80%
Storage temperature:
-10 60 C
Storage humidity:
<80%
9.2.2. EMC
This instrument was designed in compliance with the EMC standards in force and its
compatibility has been tested for EN61326-1 (1998) + A1 (1999).
This instrument conforms with European directive for CE standards.
This instrument complies with the requirements of the European Low Voltage
Directives 73/23/CEE and EMC 89/336/CEE, amended with 93/68/CEE.
9.3.
ACCESSORIES
The accessories provided with the instrument depend on the model purchased according
to the following table. The accessory is named standard when it is sold together with the
instrument in a single package.
Standard accessories
Description
Set with 3 cables, 4
crocodiles and 2 test leads
Bag with 4 cables
banana/banana and 4 rods
Calibration certificate

Code

Description

Shuko cable
Software
Serial cable
KITTERRHT
Carrying case
Instruction manual
KITGE80

Optional accessories
Set for carrying belt

CN0050

EN - 69

Code
C2033
TOPLINK
C2001
HW1254

MACROTEST 5035

10.

SERVICE

10.1. WARRANTY CONDITIONS


This instrument is guaranteed against any defect in material and manufacturing in
compliance with the general sales terms and conditions. Throughout the period of
guarantee all defective parts may be replaced and the manufacturer reserves the right to
repair or replace the product.
If the instrument is to be returned to the after-sales service or to a dealer transportation
costs are on the customers behalf. Shipment shall be however agreed upon.
A report must always be enclosed to a rejected product stating the reasons of its return.
To ship the instrument use only the original packaging material; any damage that may be
due to no-original packing shall be charged to the customer.
The manufacturer declines any responsibility for damages caused to persons and/or
objects.
Warranty is not applied in the following cases:
Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of a misuse of the instrument or
of its use with no compatible devices.
Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of improper packaging.
Any repair that might be necessary as a consequence of service actions carried out by
unauthorized personnel.
Any modification of the instrument carried out without the authorization of the
manufacturer.
Use not provided for in the instruments specifications or in the instruction manual.
The content of this manual cannot be reproduced in any form whatsoever without prior
authorization of the manufacturer.

NOTE

All our products are patented and their trade marks registered. The
manufacturer reserves the right to modify the product specifications
and prices if this is aimed at technological improvements

10.2. SERVICE
If the instrument does not operate properly, before contacting the after-sales service check
cables as well as test leads and replace them if necessary.
Should the instrument still operate improperly check that the operation procedure is correct
and conforms with the instructions given in this manual.
If the instrument is to be returned to the after-sales service or to a dealer transportation
costs are on the customers behalf. Shipment shall be however agreed upon.
A report must always be enclosed to a rejected product stating the reasons of its return.
To ship the instrument use only the original packaging material; any damage that may be
due to no-original packing shall be charged to the customer.

EN - 70

MACROTEST 5035

11.

PRACTICAL REPORTS FOR ELECTRICAL TESTS

11.1. LOW: CONTINUITY MEASUREMENT ON PROTECTIVE CONDUCTORS


PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check the continuity of:
a) protective conductors (PE), main equalizing potential conductors (EQP), secondary
equalizing potential conductors (EQS) in TT and TN-S systems.
b) neutral conductors having functions of protective conductors (PEN) in TN-C system.
NOTE: This test is to be preceded by a visual check verifying the existence of yellowgreen protective and equalizing potential conductors as well as compliance of the
sections used with the standards requirements.
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
Connect one of the
test lead to the
protective
conductor of the
FM socket and the
other
to
the
equalising potential
node of the earth
installation.

Connect one of the


test lead to the
external mass (in
this case the water
pipe) and the other
to
the
earth
installation
using
for example the
protective
conductor of the
closest FM socket.

Examples for continuity measurement on conductors

EN - 71

MACROTEST 5035
Check the continuity among:
a) earth poles of all the plugs and earth collector or node.
b) earth terminals of class I instruments (Boiler etc.) and earth collector or node.
c) main external masses (water, gas pipes etc.) and earth collector or node.
d) auxiliary external masses to the earth terminal.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The standards CEI 64-8/6 do not give any indication on the maximum resistance values
which cannot be overcome, in order to be able to declare the positive outcome of the
continuity test.
The standard CEI 64-8/6 simply requires that the instrument in use warns the operator if
the test was not carried out with a current of at least 0.2 A and an open circuit voltage
ranging from 4 V to 24 V.
The resistance values can be calculated according to the sections and lengths of the
conductors under test, anyway if the instrument detects values of some ohm the test can
be considered as passed.
11.2.

INSULATION RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL


INSTALLATIONS (250VDC, 500VDC, 1000VDC)
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check that the insulation resistance of the installation complies with the requirements of
standards CEI 64-8/6.
NOTA: This test is to be effected on an open circuit with any load disconnected.
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
a) Between each active conductor and the earth (the neutral conductor is considered an
active conductor except in the case of TN-C systems where it is considered part of the
earth (PEN). During this measurement all active conductors can be connected to each
other, in case the measurement result does not fall within the standard limits the test is
to be repeated for each single conductor.
b) Among active conductors. The standard CEI 64-8/6 recommends to check the
insulation among the active conductors when this is possible (ATTENTION).
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The values of test voltage and minimum insulation resistance are reported in the following
table (CEI64-8/6 Tab. 61A):
Rated circuit voltage (V)
Test voltage (V) Insulation resistance (M)
SELV and PELV*
250
0.250
Up to 500 V included, except for the
500
0.500
above circuits.
Over 500 V
1000
1.000
* In the new standards the terms SELV and PELV replace the old definitions "safety low
voltage" or "functional".
Test voltage values and relative limit values for the most common kinds of test.

EN - 72

MACROTEST 5035
EXAMPLE OF INSULATION MEASUREMENT ON AN INSTALLATION

SWITCH A

SWITCH B

SWITCH C

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

SWITCH D

SWITCH E

Insulation measurements on an installation.


A procedure indicating how to effect the insulation resistance measurement on an
installation is reported in the following table:
ATTENTION:

If the installation includes electronic devices, disconnect them from the


installation and in case this is impossible only the test "a" is to be effected,
that is to say between active conductors (which in this case SHALL be
connected together) and the earth.

EN - 73

MACROTEST 5035

Switch situation
1

Point under test

Measurement result

Turn the switch Effect the measurement If R RLIMIT


A, l D and E off
on switch A
If R< RLIMIT
If R RLIMIT

Turn the switch Effect the measurement


B off
on switch A
If R< RLIMIT
If R RLIMIT
Effect the measurement
on switch B
If R< RLIMIT

If R RLIMIT
4

Turn the switch Effect the measurement


C off
on switch B
If R< RLIMIT
If R RLIMIT
Effect the measurement
on switch C
If R< RLIMIT

Judgment on the installation

OK (end of the test)


Proceed

Proceed
3
The insulation level between A
and B switches is too low, restore
it and effect the measurement
another time.

OK (end of the test)


The insulation level after B
switch is too low.
Proceed
4
Proceed
5
The insulation level between B
and C switches is too low, restore
it and effect the measurement
another time.

OK (end of the test)


The insulation level after B
switch is too low, restore it and
effect the measurement another
time.

Procedure steps for insulation measurement referred to the installation reported in


NOTE: The switches D and E are those installed near the load having the purpose of
separating it from the installation. In case the above said RCDs do not exist, or
they are monophase, it is necessary to disconnect the users from the installation
before effecting the insulation resistance test.
NOTE: If the circuit is quite large the conductors running side by side make up a capacity
which is to be charged by the instrument in order to carry out a correct
measurement; in this case it is recommended to keep the START/STOP key
pressed (in case a test is effected under manual mode) until the result gets stable.
ATTENTION:

When you effect measurements among active conductors it is essential to


disconnect all the users (alarm lamps, intercom transformers, boilers etc)
otherwise the instrument will measure their resistance instead of the
installation insulation. Moreover any insulation resistance test among
active conductors could damage them.

The indication "> 999M" or o.r. (out of range) warns that the insulation resistance
measured by the instrument is higher than the maximum resistance limit (see technical
specifications); this result is obviously far higher than the minimum limits of the above
table therefore if during a test this symbol is displayed the insulation of that point is to be
considered in compliance with standards.

EN - 74

MACROTEST 5035
11.3. MEASUREMENT OF FLOOR INSULATION RESISTANCE IN MEDICAL ROOMS
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check that the floor is made of material whose insulation resistance complies with the
requirements of the standards CEI 64-4 (3.05.03).
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
The test shall be effected between:
a) Two electrodes whose distance to each other shall be one meter.
b) One electrode on the floor and the equalizing potential node.
EQUALIZING POTENTIAL NODE

Test a):
T
Connect one test lead of the instrument
to the equalising potential node and the
other to one of the electrodes placed
on the floor at a distance higher than
one meter away from earthed objects.

TEST LEADS

Test b):
T
Connect the instrument test leads to
the electrodes placed on the floor at
a reciprocal distance of one meter.

Measurements of floor insulation resistance in medical rooms


The electrodes shall consist of a plate having a surface of 20 cm2, weight equal to approx.
1 Kg (10N), and a humid absorbing paper ( or humid thin cotton cloth) with the same
surface placed between the metal plate and the floor.
The insulation resistance is represented, both for the measurements indicated in "a" and
for the measurements indicated in "b", by the average of 5 or more tests effected in
different positions at a distance higher than 1 m away from earthed objects.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The maximum values of the calculated resistance are the following:
1 M for measurements effected on a new floor.
- 100 M for the periodical tests effected after the first year as from the floor realization
and for the periodical check every 4 year.
All the values shall be registered on a protocol of the initial tests (64-4 5.1.02) and, for the

EN - 75

MACROTEST 5035
11.4. CHECK OF THE CIRCUIT SEPARATION
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
The test, to be effected in case the protection is realized through separation (64-8/6 612.4,
SELV or PELV or electrical separation), shall check that the insulation resistance
measured according to the indications below (depending on the separation type) complies
with the limits reported in the table relative to the insulation measurements.
INSTALLATIONPARTS TO BE CHECKED

SELV system (Safety Extra Low Voltage):


measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)
and the active parts of the other circuits.
measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)
and the earth.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.25M with a test voltage of 250VDC.

PELV system (Protective Extra Low Voltage):


measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)
and the active parts of the other circuits.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.25M with a test voltage of 250VDC.

Electrical separation:
measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)
and the active parts of the other circuits.
measure the resistance between the active parts of the circuit under test (separate)
and the earth.

The resistance shall not be lower than 0.5M with a test voltage of 500VDC and 1M with
a test voltage of 1000VDC.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The test result is positive when the insulation resistance indicates values higher or equal to
those indicated in the table reported in the section relative to insulation tests.
Please note that:
A SELV system is a system of category zero or very low safety voltage featured by:
autonomous source (ex. batteries, small generator) or safety (ex. safety transformer)
power supply, protection separation to other electrical systems (double or reinforced
insulation or a metal screen connected to the earth) and no earthed points (insulated from
the earth).
A PELV system is a system of category zero or very low safety voltage featured by:
autonomous source (ex. batteries, small generator) or safety (ex. safety transformer)
power supply, protection separation to other electrical systems (double or reinforced
insulation or a metal screen connected to the earth) and there are earthed points (not
insulated from the earth).
A system with Electrical separation is featured by: insulation transformer or autonomous
source with equivalent features (ex. generator) power supply, protection separation to
other electrical systems (insulation not lower than that of the insulation transformer)and
protection separation to the earth (insulation not lower than that of the insulation.
EN - 76

MACROTEST 5035
EXAMPLE OF CHECKING THE SEPARATION AMONG ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

Insulation or safety transformer making


the separation among the circuits.

TEST AMONG THE ACTIVE PARTS


Connect a test lead of the instrument
to one of the two conductors of the
separate circuit and the other to one of
the conductors of a no separate circuit.

Between active parts of


the separated circuit...
...and among those
others circuits

TEST BETWEEN ACTIVE


PARTS AND THE EARTH
Connect a test lead of the
instrument to one of the two
conductors of the separate
circuit and the other to the
equalising potential node.
This test is to be effected
only for SELV circuits or
with electrical separation.

EQUALIZING POTENTIAL NODE

and Earth installation

Measurement of separation among the installation circuits

EN - 77

MACROTEST 5035
11.5. WORKING TEST OF RCDS (RCD, RCD/DC, RCD S, RCD/DC S)
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check (standards CEI 64-8 612.9, CEI 64-14 2.3.2.2.) whether general and selective
RCDs have been installed and adjusted properly and whether they maintain their features
over the time. The check shall confirm that the RCD trips at a current I lower than its
rated working current In and that the tripping time meets, depending on the case, the
following conditions:

does not exceed the maximum time provided by the standards in case of general type
RCDs (according to table).
is included between the minimum tripping time and the maximum one in case of
selective type RCDs (according to table).

The RCD test effected by means of the test key is aimed at preventing the gluing
effect from compromising the working of the RCD which has been inactive for a long
time; therefore this test is effected only to verify the mechanical working of the RCD and it
does not permit to declare that the RCD is complying with the standards. According to a
statistical survey the periodical check, once a month, of the RCDs by means of the test
key reduces by one half the RCD fault rate, this test however detects only 24% of
defective RCDs.
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
All the RCDs shall be tested when installed.
In the low voltage installations the test is recommended to grant an acceptable safety
level.
For the medical rooms this check shall be effected periodically every six months on all
RCDs according to the standards CEI 64-4 5.2.01 and CEI 64-13.
Note

In case the earth installation is not available effect the test connecting the
instrument with one terminal on a conductor downstream the RCD and one
terminal on the other conductor upstream the RCD itself.

ALLOWABLE VALUES
To compare the measurements make reference to the table reporting the limits for the
tripping times. On each RCD it is necessary to effect: a test with leakage current in phase
with voltage and a leakage current phase shifted by 180 with respect to the voltage. The
highest time is to be considered as significant result.
The test at In SHALL NEVER cause the RCD tripping.
NOTE:
Before effecting the test at the RCD rated current the instrument carries out a test at In
to measure the contact voltage and the overall earth resistance; if during this test the RCD
trips the indication l "rcd" is displayed. During this test the RCD may trip for three possible
reasons:
a) The RCD tripping current is lower than In.
b) An earth plate is already present on the installation which added to the earth
generated by the instrument causes the RCD tripping.
c) There is no earth installation.

EN - 78

MACROTEST 5035
If during measurement of contact voltage the voltage detected is higher than the safety
value (50V or 25V) the test is interrupted; proceeding with the test under such conditions
would mean to keep the contact voltage applied to all the metal masses connected to the
earth for a too long time resulting to be dangerous.
Among the test results of the RCD tripping time also the earth resistance value Ra is
displayed in , this value for the TN and IT systems is not to be considered while for the
TT systems it is merely indicative.
11.6. TEST OF RCD TRIPPING TIME (RCD, RCD/DC)
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check the real tripping time of the general RCDs (it does not apply to the selective RCDs).
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
When facing RCDs with tripping current to be selected it is useful to effect this test to
check the real RCD tripping current. For RCDs with fixed differential current this test can
be effected to detect any leakage of the installation users.
In case the earth installation is not available effect the test connecting one instrument s
terminal on a conductor downstream the RCD and one terminal on the other conductor
upstream the RCD itself.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The tripping current shall range from In to In.
NOTE:
Make reference to the notes of the previous chapter too.
To check whether significant leakage currents are present on the installation operate as
follows:
a) After deactivating all the loads effect the tripping current measurement and take note
of the value.
b) Activate the loads and effect a new measurement of the tripping current; if the RCD
trips with a lower current, the installation leakage is the difference between the two
tripping currents. If during the test "rcd" is displayed the installation leakage current
added to the current for contact voltage measurement (In) causes the RCD tripping.

EN - 79

MACROTEST 5035
11.7. MEASUREMENT OF SHORT-CIRCUIT FAULT IMPEDANCE (ZPN, ZPP)
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check that the tripping power of the RCD is higher than the maximum fault current of the
installation.
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
The test shall be effected in the point where the short circuit current is the highest
possible, usually immediately downstream the RCD to be checked.
The test shall be effected between phase and phase (Zpp) in the three phase installations
and between phase and neutral (Zpn) in the single-phase installations..
ALLOWABLE VALUES
Three-phase installations:
400 2
Pi >
*
Zpp
3
dove:

Single-phase installations:
230
Pi >
Zpn

Pi = tripping power of the RCD


Zpp = impedance measured between phase and phase.
Zpn = impedance measured between phase and neutral

11.8. FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT (PHASE EARTH)


PURPOSE OF THE TEST
The fault loop is the circuit of the current when there is a bad isolation of the electrical
system toward earth. The fault loop is composed:

Transformer coil impedance.


The impedance of the line from the transformer to the fault.
The impedance of the protective conductor from the conductive part to the neutral of
the transformer.

When the instrument measures fault loop impedance, it detects the prospective phase-PE
short-circuit current. So the operator can determinate if magnetothermical protection is
coordinated to the protection of indirect contacts.
ATTENTION:

The resolution of the instrument is 10m when the impedance value is


inside (0.01 19.99) , so use the instrument for measurements of
impedance higher of 100m.

PLANT PARTS TO BE VERIFYED


The test is necessary in TN or IT electrical system without RCDS.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The following relation has to be fulfill:
ZS Uo / Ia
where:

Uo =
ZS =
Ia =

Phase-Earth Voltage.
Impedance Phase-Earth.
Tripping current of the magnetothermical protection in 5 seconds.
EN - 80

MACROTEST 5035
11.9. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT IN TT SYSTEMS
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
Check that the RCD is coordinated with the earth resistance value. It is not possible to
assume an earth resistance value as reference limit (for example 20 according to the art.
326 of DPR 547/55) when controlling the test result, while it is necessary to check every
time that the co-ordination complies with the requirements of the standards.
INSTALLATION PARTS TO BE CHECKED
The earth installation under working conditions. The check is to be effected without
disconnecting the earth plates.
ALLOWABLE VALUES
The earth resistance value measured shall meet the following relation:

RA < 50 / Ia
where:

RA=

Resistance of the earth installation, the value can be set with the
following measurements:

- Earth resistance with three-wire volt-ampere method.


- Fault loop impedance (see (*))
- Two-wire earth resistance (see(**))
- Two-wire earth resistance in the socket (see (**))
- Earth resistance obtained by the measurement of contact voltage Ut (see (**)).
- Earth resistance obtained by the tripping time test of the RCDs (A, AC),RCDs S (A, AC)
(see (**)).
I a=

Tripping current in 5s of the RCD; rated tripping current of the RCD (in the case of
RCD S 2 In).
50= Safety limit voltage (reduced down to 25V in special rooms).
(*)

If the installation is protected by an RCD the measurement shall be effected


upstream or downstream the RCD short circuiting it to avoid its tripping.
(**) These methods, even though not provided by the standards CEI 64.8, provide values
resulted to be indicative of the earth resistance .

EXAMPLE FOR EARTH RESISTANCE TEST


Lets assume an installation protected by a 30 mA RCD. Lets measure the earth
resistance using one of the methods quoted above, to evaluate whether the installation
resistance is complying with the standards in force and multiply the result by 0.03A (30
mA). If the result is lower than 50V (or 25V for special rooms) the installation can be
considered as coordinated as it respects the above-said relation.
When we face 30 mA RCDs (the most of civil installations) the maximum earth resistance
allowed is 50/0.03=1666 permitting to use even simplified methods which even though
they do not provide extremely precise values give a value approximate enough for the
calculation of the co-ordination.

EN - 81

MACROTEST 5035
11.10. EARTH RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT, VOLTAMPEROMETRIC METHOD
Method for small earth plant
Let a current circulate between the earth rod and a current probe positioned at a distance
from the earth equipment outline corresponding to fivefold the diagonal of the area
delimiting the earth equipment. Position the voltage probe at half-way between the earth
rod and the current probe, then measure the voltage between the two.
Use several rods in parallel and moisten
the surrounding ground if the instrument
does not manage to supply the current
necessary to perform the test because
of an high earth r esi stance.

Red
Green

Blue

Black

Earth resistance measurement for small earth plant


Method for big earth plant
Also this procedure is based on the voltamperometric method, but its mainly used when
its difficult to position the auxiliary current rod at a distance corresponding to fivefold the
diagonal of the area of the earth equipment. Position the current probe at a distance equal
to the diagonal of the area of the earth equipment. To make sure that the voltage probe is
positioned outside the area affected by the rod under test, take more measurements, first
positioning the voltage probe at half-way between the rod and the current probe, then
moving the probe both towards the earth rod and towards the current probe.
Use several rods in parallel and moisten
the surrounding ground if the instrument
does not manage to supply the current
necessary to perform the test because
of an high earth r esi stance.

Red
Green
Black

Earth resistance measurement for big earth plant


EN - 82

Blue

MACROTEST 5035
11.11. EARTH RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT
PURPOSE OF THE TEST
This test aims at analysing the resistivity value of the ground in order to define the type of
rods to be used.
EQUIPMENT PARTS TO BE TESTED
For the resistivity test admissible values do not exist. The various values measured by
positioning the rods at growing distances a must be quoted in a graph. According to the
resulting curve, suitable rods will be chosen. As the test result can be affected by metal
parts buried (such as pipes, cables or other rods), in case of doubts take a second
measurement positioning the rods at an equal distance "a", but rotating their axis by 90.
Black

90

Green

Bl

Re

ue

2 Measurement:
2
compared to the previous measurement
the rods are rotated by 90.

a
a

Re
d
G re
en

Bl

ue

ac
Bl

The resistivity value is calculated with the following formula: =2aR


where: = specific resistivity of the ground
a= distance between the rods (m)
R= resistance measured by the instrument ()
The measuring method allows to define the specific resistance up to the depth
corresponding approximately to the distance a between the rods. If you increase the
distance a you can reach deeper ground layers and check the ground homogeneity. After
several measurements, at growing distances a, you can trace a profile like the following
ones, according to which the most suitable rod is chosen.

EN - 83

Specific resistivity of the ground E (m)

MACROTEST 5035
Curve 1: as decreases only in
depth, its possible to use only a
rod in depth.

Curve 2: as decreases only


until the depth A, its not useful to
increase the depth of the rod
beyond A.

2
3

Curve 3: even at a superior


depth, does not decrease,
therefore a ring rod must be
used.

Distance between the rods a(m)


APPROXIMATE EVALUATION OF INTENTIONAL RODS CONTRIBUTION (64-12 2.4.1)
The resistance of a rod Rd can be calculated with the following formulas ( = medium
resistivity of the ground).
a) resistance of a vertical rod
Rd = / L
L= length of the element touching the ground
b) resistance of an horizontal rod
Rd = 2 / L
L= length of the element touching the ground
c) resistance of linked elements
The resistance of a complex system with more elements in parallel is always higher
than the resistance which could result from a simple calculation of elements in
parallel, especially if those elements are close and therefore interactive. For this
reason, in case of a linked system the following formula is quicker and more effective
than the calculation of the single horizontal and vertical elements:
Rd = / 4r
r= radius of the circle which circumscribes the link
EN - 84

Via Righi 126


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Tel: +39-0546-621002 (4 linee r.a.)
Fax: +39-0546-621144
email: ht@htitalia.it
http://www.htitalia.com

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