PURPLE BOOK

PURPLE
UNITE ONE
VOCABULARY

Trivial
: Having little value or importance:
-

I don't know why he gets so upset about something so trivial.

Sexual harassment in the workplace is not a trivial matter.

:A trivial problem is easy to solve:

-

Getting computers to understand human language is not a trivial problem.

Thrilled: extremely happy about something:

-

I was thrilled that so many people turned up to the party.

Mundane: very ordinary and therefore not interesting:

her.

Mundane matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest

Totter: to walk with difficulty in a way that looks as if you are about to fall:
-

She tottered unsteadily down the stairs in her high-heeled shoes.

Loathing: a strong feeling of hating someone or something:

-

The thought of him touching her filled her with deep loathing.

He approached his enemy with fear and loathing.

Bonnet: a type of hat that covers the ears and is tied under the chin, worn by babies
or, especially in the past, by women.

Awkward: difficult to use, do, or deal with:

It's an awkward corner, so take it slowly.

Some of the questions were rather awkward.

It was an awkward ascent, but we reached the top eventually.

Enrolment: the act of putting yourself or someone else onto the official list of
members of a group, course, or college:
-

The scheme has no interest charges and no enrolment fee.

Matine: a film shown or a play performed during the day, especially in the
afternoon
Afresh: If you do something afresh, you deal with it again in a new way:
-

She tore up the letter and started afresh.

We agreed to look afresh at her original proposal.

Foiled: a very thin sheet of metal, especially used to wrap food in to keep it fresh:
-

tin foil

UK aluminium foil

PHRASAL VERB
Fill in: to do someone else's work for them because they cannot or will not do it
themselves:
-

She will fill in for him while he's at the conference.

I'm not her regular secretary - I'm just filling in.

Sign up: to agree to become involved in an organized activity:

-

I've signed up to make the sandwiches for the party.

She's signed up for evening classes at the community college.

Look at: to think about a subject carefully so that you can make a decision about it:
-

Management is looking at ways of cutting costs.

Taps into: to manage to use something in a way that brings good results:
-

If only we could tap into all that energy and creativity.

WRITING
-

One of the worst/funniest memories is when.

I spent the whole.

Thanks for the email

Great to hear news about your ..

It is very Handy for the unberground

I found this thing .

Must go now as it is time for class

Be in touch son.

UNIT 2: ISSUES
2.1 VOCABULARY SOCIAL ISSUES
POVERTY
DEBT
HOMELESSNESS

MONEY

FAMINE

DRUNKENNESS
AND DRUG ABUSE
OBESITY

They lived in extreme poverty.

Shes working in a bar to try to pay off / her
debts
people who have nowhere to live, and who
often live on the streets
One common cause of homelessness is
separation or divorce.
A situation in which a large number of people
have little or no food for a long time and
many people die : Poor harvests led to
famine. | 4,000,000 people are threatened by
famine in northern Ethiopia.
The use and misuse of alcohol and other
drugs is one of the more controversial issues
in our society.
When someone is very fat in a way that is
unhealthy.
Obesity is rising steadily in Europe and
North America.

POLLUTION

The process of making air, water, soil etc

dangerously dirty and not suitable for people
to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty
:
Californias tough anti-pollution laws.

DROUGHT

a long period of dry weather when there is

not enough water for plants and animals to
live : The country experienced its worst
drought this century. | In East Africa, three

ENVIRONMEN
T

LACK OF DRINKING
WATER

FAMILY

DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE
DIVORSE

years of drought have left 10 million people

in urgent need of food and water.
The lack of drinking water constitutes no
less
a threat than the lack of food.
Noun, physical abuse in the home.
the legal ending of a marriage separation
:

2.2 WERE BEING WATCHED

VOCABULARY SURVEILLANCE
Phone Cameras: These can make people more accountable for (responsible for) their
actions because their photos can be taken and put up on the internet, so its a good thing.
Speed Cameras: Theres not much evidence that they really prevent accidents and lawabiding citizens (people arent criminals) who drive safely have nothing to fear.
CCTV cameras: They act as a deterrent to crime (a way to stop people from doing
something illegal) because potential criminals know that their actions might be filmed.
Microchips: Because there are in all our credit cards and travel passes it means people
can monitor and long(record) information about our habits and movements as we move
around a city but I dont like the fact that personal data on our shopping habits can be
handed over(given) to other companies.
Street Level Cameras: I think theyre an invasion of privacy because people can see
the area where you live and how to get into your house or apartment.
Number Plate Recognition: I worry that authorities can now keep track of (watch or
follow) you and where you are every minute of the day , that is if you drive, of course. Its
tall part of the growing surveillance society (situation where there is a lot of observation,
filming or recording of people).

UNIT 3: DOWNTIME
3.1 VOCABULARY BEHAVIOUR OPPOSITES
Positive
1 Take care of
2 Pay attention to
3 Compliment someone (on)

Negative
Neglect (abandon, leave)
ignore
Criticise someone (for)

4 Get on with something (continue)

5 Give in

Put something off (delay)

Be stubborn (dont change your opinion)

Examples:

Do you often put off doing important tasks, or do you simply get on with them?
Which do you think is more useful: someone compliment you on your work your
appearance, or when someone criticises you even if they are being honest?
When you have got a problem, do you pay attention to advice from other people
or do you often ignore it and make your own decision?
If you have plants in your house, do you take care of them or neglect them?
When you argue or disagree with a friend, do you tend to be stubborn or are you
the one who usually gives in first?

3.2 FIND YOUR NICHE

VOCABULARY LOCATIONS

Australia is the least densely populated continent with just 2.6 people per square
kilometre.
People who live in close proximity to Los Angeles airport were found to have
higher than normal blood pressure.
Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing spend fifteen minutes at the summit of
Everest before heading back down the southern slope(the side of
a hill or mountain).
Cape Town about half-way between Santiago , Chile and Perth, Australia as the
crow flies.(directly)
Part of Hong Kong is an island , and part is on a peninsula connected to mainland
China.
The Caribbean island of Haiti was once heavily forested (a lot of forest) but its
now now almost completely barren.(desert, without life).
The remote and unspoilt place in the UK is Foula, an island just off the coast of
northern Scotland.
Lake Baikal is located on the edge of Siberia and contains twenty percent of the
worlds fresh water.

UNIT 4: STORIES
4.1 VOCABULARIO SAYNGS
1
2
3
4
5
6

Every cloud has a silver lining

What goes around comes around
Where theres smoke theres fire
Once bitten twice shy
When in rome do as the Romans do
Where theres life theres hope

7 Nothing ventured nothing gained

8 Lets cross that bridge when we come to it
4.2 VOCAULARY REGRETS

I actually turned down (refuse) and offer to teach English abroad in my gap year.
Now I realise that it was a missed opportunity (You didnt take it).
Lately Ive had a second thoughts about becoming a lawyer. (You feel insecure)
Every time I remember that I kick myself for not having jumped at the chance.
(regret a lot for something you heat/did )
Is my fault and the end and its a pity (shame) that I didnt listen to my fathers
advice. He was a layer and he always said I shouldnt become one.
To make things worse, my best friend from university is teaching abroad , and Im
gutted every time I get a postcard.(To upset, shock, angry)
With hindsight , I think Its the wrong job for me and I should have gone into
teaching or something more human.(Remembering, looking back , retrospective)

UNIT 5: IDEAS
5.1 VOCABULARY CHANGE

The internet has transformed the way people access information.

The microscope altered peoples understanding of the make-up of matter.
The overuse of pesticides has damaged the environment.
The mobile phone has had a beneficial effect on elderly peoples quality of life.
The overuse of antibiotics had a detrimental effect on peoples resistance to
disease.
Audio emails has enhanced blind peoples ability to communicate via the internet.
High speed travel has distorted peoples sense of distance.
The microwave oven revolutionised food preparation.

VOCABULARY PLUS COMPOUND NOUNS

Breakthrough:an important discovery or event that helps to improve a situ

ation or provide an answer to a problem.
E.g. A major breakthrough in the fight against cancer.
Trade-off: a situation in which
you balance two opposing situations or qualities.
E.g. There is a trade-off between doing the job accurately and doing it quickly.
She said that she'd had to make a trade-off between her job and her family.

Outlook: expectations for what will happen.

E.g. The outlook for the economy next year is bleak.

Drawback, Downside : disadvantage or weakness.

The only drawback with this camera is the price.
The downside of living here, of course, is that it is expensive.

Breakdown: the failure of a system or relationship.

Outcome: the final result of an activity or process

5.2 VOCABULARY ADVERTISING

Commercials
Pop-ups:to appear or happen, especially suddenly or unexpectedly.

E.g. She's one of those movie stars who pops up everywhere, on TV,
in magazines, on Broadway.
The words "Hard disk failure - program aborted" popped up on the screen.

Brands
Endorse/promote
Campaigns
Logos
Influence
Slogans
Cold calls
Advertise
Makes
Jingle

UNIT 06
AGE:
Phrasal verb and meanings:
1.- For his or her age
Para su edad (masculino o femenino)
2.- In his or her prime
En su mejor momento
3.- Act your age
Actua segun tu edad

4.- Come of age

Alcanza la mayora de edad
5.- Immature
Inmaduro
6.- Maturity
Madurez alcanzada
EXAMPLES OF PHRASES:
A.- You should do something but you dont really want to.
Ejemplo: Although We are supposed to attend lectures, I only go when I feel like it.

B.- You musnt do something

Ejemplo: Im never allowed to do something fun before I finish my homework.

C.- You dont have to do something

Ejemplo: I dont need to worry about money.

D.- Yoou talk about ability in the future

Ejemplo: One day, I wont be able to do thing that I want to do.
E.- Someone says that you have to do something
Ejemplo: Maybe she will let me watch some TV.

F.- Someone says you have to do something

Ejemplo: The teachers make us to do two hours homework a day.

G.- You thing, you have to do something.

Ejemplo: I feel obliged to give everyone the impression that I am successful.

H.- Something was difficult but you succeeded in doing it.

Ejemplo: I managed to pass my first set of exam, though it wasnt easy.

VOCABULARY:
1.- Have your ups and downs: Tener tus altos y bajos
2.- Going no were: Estas atascado o dando vueltas en el mismo sitio.
3.- Taking one step forward, and two steps back: Avanzas un paso y retrocedes
dos.
4.- Looking forward to: Estar a la espectativa.
5.- Have mixed feelings: Tener emociones combinadas.
6.- The last thing you feel like doing. Que es lo ltimo que deseas hacer.
7.- Look on the bright side: Mirar el lado positivo de las cosas.
8.- Gloomy: Pesimista
9.- Fills you with optimism and hope: Llenarte de optimism y esperanza.
10.- Fills you with despair: Te llena dedesesperanza.

UNIT 07
Media:
VOCABULARY AND PHARSAL VERBS:
Pharsal verbs:
1.-Turned out:
Hundreds turned out to hear his speech. (Aparecieron, asistieron)

2.- Broke down:

My car broke down today. (Se descompuso o se malogro)

3.- Come across:

She come across as a confident person but she is not. (parecia un tipo de
persona)

4.- Brings out:

Your new job brings out the best in you. (Sacando lo major de t)

5.- Take back:

I take back everything I said about Tom, he is really nice. (Arrepentirse)

6.- Put me up:

Could you put me up, I lost the bus. (Hospedarme en la casa de alguien)

7.- Broke into:

Someone broke into the bank and stole a big amount of money.

8.- Pulling out:

I lost the train it was pulling out when I got to the station. (Leaving)

Vocabulary:
Broadsheet:
A newspaper that is printed on large sheets of paper, or an advertisement printed
on a large sheet of paper:
In Britain, the broadsheets are generally believed to be more serious than the
tabloids.

Circulation:
The number of people that a newspaper or magazine is regularly sold to:

Example: The paper has a circulation of 150,000.

Columnist:
Someone who writes a regular article for a newspaper or magazine:
a gossip/sports columnist
Example: She's a columnist for USA Today.

Tabloid:
(of or relating to) a type of popular newspaper with small pages that has many
pictures and short, simple reports:
Example:
The tabloid press
A tabloid newspaper

Features:
A typical quality or an important part of something:
The town's main features are its beautiful mosque and ancient marketplace.
Our latest model of phone has several new features.
A unique feature of these rock shelters was that they were dry.

Readership:
The group of people who regularly read a particular newspaper, magazine, etc.:
The magazine has a readership of over 250,000.
It's a newspaper with a large right-wing readership.

Editorial:
An article in a newspaper that expresses the editor's opinion on a subject of
particular interest at the present time:
All the papers deal with the same subject in their editorials.

Biased:

Showing an unreasonable like or dislike for a person based on personal opinions:

The newspapers gave a very biased report of the meeting.
I think she's beautiful but then I'm biased since she's my daughter.

Supplements:
Something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it;
something extra:
The doctor said she should be taking vitamin supplements.
The money I get from teaching eveningnight classes provides a supplement to my
main income.
We paid a supplement (= an extra amount of money) so that we could have a cabin
on board the ship.

Sensationalism:
The act by newspapers, television, etc. of presenting information in a way that is be
shocking or exciting:
The newspaper has been accused of sensationalism in its coverage of the
murders.

UNIT 8
BEHAVIOUR:
Vocabulary:
DECISION:
Put off a decision
Postpone a decision
Arrive at decision
Come to a decision

ONES PRINCIPLES:
Go against ones principles.
Stick to ones principles.
Betray ones principles.
Follow ones principles.

THE PROS AND CONS:

Analyse the pros and cons.
Compare the pros and cons.
Weigh up the pros and cons
Examine the pros and cons.

A SITUATION:
Analyse a situation.
Weigh up a situation
Assess a situation.
Examine a situation

VOCABULARY OF FEELINGS:
Bright and breezy: Te sientes brillante y lleno de energa.
Groggy: Te siente un poco mareado, especialmente en las maas al levantarte.
At your sharpest: En tu mas aguda e intensa parte del da.
At your lowest ebb: En tu punto mas bajo, te siente cansado.
Have a sense of dread: Tener una sensacin de miedo.
Have a spring or a bounce in your step: Te sientes entusiasmado.
Wide awake: Despierto por completo.

Despise it with a passion: Despreciar algo con passion.

Idioms:
Pressed for the time:
We were pressed for the time. (presionado por el tiempo)

Cut it short:
We have to cut it short.

Biding someones time

He is biding his time. (Esperando el tiempo oportuno)

Once in a blue moon

It happens once in a blue moon. (De vez en cuando)

Time after time

I have tried time after time. (Una y otra vez)

Make up for lost time

We have to make for lost time. (Recuperar el tiempo perdido)

Dragging their feet

They are dragging their feet on a decision. (Estan demorando en tomar una
decision).

UNIT 09:
TROUBLES:
VOCABULARY:
Pickpocketing:
The crime of stealing things out of people's pockets or bags, especially
in a crowd
Kidnapping:
An occasion when someone is kidnapped
Hacking:

The activity of illegally using a computer to access information stored

on another computer system or to spread a computer virus:
Hacking is now much more sophisticated and harder to detect than a
few years ago.
Tax evasion:
Ways of illegally paying less tax than you should.
Vandalism:
A person who intentionally damages property belonging to other
people:
Vandals smashed windows and overturned cars in the downtown
shopping district.
Identity theft:
The illegal use of another person's personal details, for example in
order to steal money from their bank account:
The new law tries to protect consumers against identity theft and credit
card fraud.
Counterfeiting:
The activity of making illegal copies of things such as bank notes,
DVDs, or official documents:
Allegations of counterfeiting and money laundering
The growing problem of counterfeiting and piracy
Mugging:
An act of attacking someone and stealing their money:
Police are concerned that mugging is on the increase.
Arson:
The crime of intentionally starting a fire in order to damage or destroy
something, especially a building:

A cinema was burned out in north London last night. Police suspect
arson.
Shoplifting:
To take goods illegally from a store without paying for them
Bribery:
The crime of giving someone money or something else of value, often
illegally, to persuade that person to do something you want:
Charges of bribery and official corruption were made
UNIT 10: CULTURE
10.1. MOVING EXPERIENCES
10.1.1 Vocabulary
Experience

Adjectives
Gripping

Full of
action/suspe
nse

Fast-paced

Happening very quickly.

Electrifying

Very exciting.

Horrific
Creepy
Frightening
Chilling
Emotional/oft
en sad

Definition
Exciting or interesting in
a way that keeps your
attention.

Touching

Moving
Poignant

Extremely bad and

shocking or frightening.
Causing an unpleasant
feeling of fear or slight
horror.
Frightening, usually
because it is connected
with something violent
or cruel.
Causing feelings of pity
or sympathy; making
you feel emotional.
Causing you to have
deep feelings of sadness
or sympathy.
Having a strong effect
on your feelings,

Example
The film is a gripping account
of the early days of the
revolution.
It is a myth that all older
people struggle with the fastpaced evolution of information
technology.
The dancers gave an
electrifying performance.
A horrific
murder/accident/attack, etc.
A creepy ghost story.

The film evokes chilling

reminders of the war.
It was a touching story that
moved many of us to tears.
A moving story/speech
A deeply moving experience
A poignant
image/moment/memory, etc.

Predictable
Not good
Dull
Weak

Unforgetta
ble
Very good
Awesome
Brilliant

especially in a way that

makes you feel sad.
If something is
predictable, you know in
advance that it will
happen or what it will be
like.
Not interesting or
exciting.
Tot good enough,
especially in ability, skill,
or quality.
If something is
unforgettable, you
cannot forget it, usually
because it is so
beautiful, interesting,
enjoyable, etc.
Very good, enjoyable,
etc.
Very good; excellent.

The ending of the book was

entirely predictable.
The first half of the game was
pretty dull.
In the end I think the film was
spoilt by a weak story line.

The music is what makes the

movie so unforgettable.

I just bought this awesome

new CD!
How was it? Brilliant!

Definitions and examples have been taken from Oxford (http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/) and Cambridge
dictionaries (http://dictionary.cambridge.org/).

10.1.2. Interesting titbits (write descriptively)

Adverbs
Convincingly

Harshly

Definition
In a way that makes
somebody believe that
something is true.
In a cruel, severe and
unkind way.

Skilfully

In a way that shows skill.

Widely

By a lot of people; in or
too many places.
In a way that shows
understanding art, music
and literature and an
ability
to
express
yourself through them.
In a way that is very
great or very strong; in a
way that is so powerful

Sensitively

Overwhelmi
ngly

Example
Her case was convincingly
argued.

Collocation
Acted by

His
findings
have
been
harshly criticized by fellow
scientists.
He
skilfully
steered
the
conversation to a safer topic.
Her books are widely read (=
a lot of people read them).
He writes sensitively.

Criticised
by

They voted overwhelmingly

against the proposal.

Praised/criti
cised by

Directed/act
ed by
Praised/criti
cised by
Directed/act
ed by

that you cannot resist it

or decide how to react.
Very.

Highly

With
admiration
or
praise.
At or to a high standard,
level or amount
Poignantly

Heavily

In a way that has a

strong effect on your
feelings, especially when
it makes you feel sad.
To a great degree; in
large amounts

Highly
successful/skilled/intelligent.
His teachers think very highly
of him
(= have a very good opinion
of him).
highly trained/educated
Their experiences of war are
poignantly described.

Praised by

She
has
been
heavily
criticized in the press.

Criticised
by

Directed/act
ed by

Definitions and examples have been taken from Oxford (http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/) and Cambridge
dictionaries (http://dictionary.cambridge.org/).

10.2. POPULAR CULTURE

10.2.1. Vocabulary arts
Vocabulary
Creating a
stir
Groundbreaking

Sell-out

Must-see

Hype

Letdown
Flop
Mainstream

Definition
To cause a lot of interest and
excitement. Making a
difference.
If something is groundbreaking, it is very new and a
big change from other things
of its type.
When a film, concert, etc. is
sold out, all of the tickets for
it have been sold.
Used to tell people that
something is so good or
interesting that they should
see.
A situation in which
something is advertised and
discussed in newspapers, on
television, etc. a lot in order
to attract everyone's interest
A disappointment.
If a book, play, film, etc.
flops, it is not successful.
Considered normal, and
having or using ideas, beliefs,
etc. that are accepted by

Example
Emma caused quite a stir in her little
black dress last night.
His latest movie is interesting, but not
ground-breaking.

We couldn't get seats - the concert was

sold out.
Sydney is one of the world's must-see
cities.

There's been a lot of hype

around/surrounding his latest film.

After all I'd heard about the movie, it

turned out to be a bit of a letdown.
Her first book flopped, but her second
became a bestseller.
World Music is now well established and
popular with mass audiences and
mainstream companies.

Alternative

most people
Alternative things are
considered to be unusual and
often have a small but
enthusiastic group of people
who support them.

In Los Angeles many companies

encourage their employees to use
alternative means of transportation,
rather than the car.

Definitions and examples have been taken from Oxford (http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/) and Cambridge
dictionaries (http://dictionary.cambridge.org/).

10.2.2. Vocabulary plus

Two-parts
phrases
Do's and
don'ts
Off and on /
on and off
Peace and
quiet

Leaps and
bounds

Pros and cons

On and on

Rough and
ready

Definition
(Things that you)
should and shouldn't
do.
(For short periods of
time but) not regularly.
Freedom from
disturbance.

Two-parts
phrases
(Every)
now and
then
Sick and
tired
Through
and
through

By very large degrees

or rapidly.

Ups and
downs

Advantages and
disadvantages.

Give and
take

(For a long time)

without stopping.

Not very polite (or welleducated).

Definition
Sometimes (occasionally)
Discouraged (or bored)
Thoroughly (completely)
Ups and downs (the mixture
of) good and bad things (that
happen) (Ups and downs are to
be expected in life, but that
doesn't make the down parts
any easier.)
To compromise (negotiate,
bargain; lively two-way
discussion, the exchange of
ideas or conversation).

(do sth) in
a rough
and ready
way

Quickly (and without preparing

it carefully).

(someone's
) ups and
downs

(A person's) good fortune and

bad fortune (I've had my ups
and downs, but in general life
has been good to me. All
people have their ups and
downs.)

The content has been taken from: https://quizlet.com/129154288/102-vocabulary-two-part-phrases-and-their-definitionsflash-cards/

10.3. ON YOUR LEFT

10.3.1. Vocabulary (dimensions)

http://www.tinyteflteacher.co.uk/learning-english/FCE/word-formation-quantities.html