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ISSN: 0122-0268
ORIGINAL
ABSTRACT
Objetive. In the present study a completely randomized 33 factorial design was used to analyze the
effects of different levels of L-Carnitine, lysine(Lys) and methionine (Met) on the blood concentrations
of energy, protein and lipid metabolites of male broiler chickens. Materials and methods. A total of
270 newly hatched male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 9 groups (ten broilers
per replicate and three replicates per treatment). The control group was fed a basal diet, whereas
the treatment groups were fed basal diets supplemented with L-Carnitine (0 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg and
150 mg/kg) and lysine-methionine (0, 15 and 30%) for 42 days. On day 42, one bird was randomly
chosen per replication, a blood sample was taken and the blood concentrations of glucose (GLU), uric
acid (UAc), triglyceride (TG), VLDL, HDL, LDL, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb) and total cholesterol
(TC) were analyzed. Results. Dietary L-carnitine supplementation had a significant effect (p<0.05)
on uric acid (UAc), HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol (TC). The birds feed L-carnitine plus Lys and Met
presented the highest plasmatic UAc level and the lowest plasmatic TC and LDL level. Moreover,
L-carnitine significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) when compared with both the control group
and the birds feed Lys and Met without L-carnitine. Conclusions. A diet with 150 mg/kg L-carnitine
plus 15% Lys and Met seems to be enough to sustain low plasmatic TC, LDL and HDL concentrations
on male broiler.
Key words: amino acids, broiler chicken,lipid profile, serum metabolites, supplementation (Source: CAB).
RESUMEN
Objetivo. Se realiz un estudio para determinar el efecto de la suplementacin deL-carnitina, lisina
(Lys) y metionina (Met) sobre los metabolitos sanguneos de pollos de engorde. Materiales y mtodos.
Se utilizaran 270 pollos de la lnea Ross 308 de un da de edad y se dividieron en 9 tratamientos en
un diseo al azar con arreglo factorial 3x3: tres niveles de L-carnitina (0 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg y 150
mg/kg) y tres de lisina-metionina (0, 15 y 30%) durante 42 das. Cada tratamiento const de 3
repeticiones con 10 pollos por repeticin. El da 42 de edad, se tomaron muestras de sangre de tres
aves por tratamiento para cuantificar niveles sricos de glucosa (GLU), cido rico (UAc), triglicridos
(TG), VLDL, HDL, LDL, protenas totales (PT), albmina (Alb) y colesterol total (TC). Resultados. La
suplementacin de L-carnitina en la dieta tuvo un efecto significativo (p<0.05) en los niveles de cido
rico en suero (UAC), HDL, LDL y colesterol total (CT). Las aves alimentadas con L-carnitina ms Lys y
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Met mostraron niveles sricos ms altos de UAc y menor TCy LDL. Por otra parte, la L-carnitina reduj
significativamente el colesterol total (CT), cuando se compar con el grupo control y con los pollos
alimentados con Lys y Met, sin L-carnitina. Conclusiones. Una dieta con 150 mg/kg de L-carnitina
y 15% Lys y Met parece ser suficiente para mantener bajas concentraciones plasmticas de TC, LDL
y HDL en pollos de engorde.
Palabras clave: Aminocidos, metabolitos sricos, perfil lipdico, pollos, suplementacin (Fuente: CAB).
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCCIN
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MATERIALES Y MTODOS
Locacin de estudio. Este estudio se desarroll
en las instalaciones de cra de pollos de la facultad
de Agricultura de la universidad islmica de Azad,
en Rasht, Irn. Est ubicada 7 m bajo el nivel del
mar y localizada a una latitud de 3715 norte y
longitud de 4936 este.
Instalaciones. Las instalaciones (2040 m)
incluye, adems del compartimiento principal
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Table 1. The amount of L-carnitine, lysine (Lys) and methionine (Met) in each treatment.
Treatments
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
L-carnitine
NRC
NRC
NRC
75 mg/kg
75 mg/kg
75 mg/kg
150 mg/kg
150 mg/kg
150 mg/kg
Lysine
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
Methionine
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
NRC
NRC +15%
NRC +30%
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Finisher
period
Finisher
period
Corn
59.0
62.0
65.0
Soybean Meal
35.0
30.0
27.0
Soybean oil
2.0
3.5
3.5
Ca%22P%18
1.5
1.8
1.7
Mineral oysters
1.2
1.5
1.5
NaCl
0.3
0.2
0.2
Lysine-Hydro-Chloride
0.1
0.1
0.15
DL-Methionine
0.2
0.2
0.25
Mineral premix*
0.3
0.3
0.3
Vitamin premix**
0.3
0.3
0.3
Sodium bicarbonate
(NaHCO3)
0.1
0.1
0.1
2897.8
2955
3058
21.7
20.8
18.25
2.26
2.22
2.14
Calcium (%)
0.80
0.80
0.79
0.48
0.46
0.42
Sodium (%)
0.15
0.15
0.15
Lysine (%)
1.41
1.26
1.22
Methionine (%)
0.61
0.57
0.48
133.58
142
167
Ca: P
1.66
1.75
1.88
2.46
2.73
2.95
Methionine+Cysteine (%)
0.97
0.91
0.77
Ingredient (%)
Metabolizable energy
(kcal/kg)
RESULTS
The results for the biochemical parameters
concentration at day 42 in broilers plasma
according to feed treatments are summarized
in table 3.
RESULTADOS
Los resultados para la concentracin de parmetros
biomdicos en el da 42 en el plasma de pollos
de engorde de acuerdo a los tratamientos de
alimentacin se resumen en la tabla 3.
En el da 42, no hubo cambios significativos en las
concentraciones medias de parmetros de sangre
entre aves sometidas a suplementacin extra LysMet sin extra L-carnitine (T2 y T3) y el grupo de
control (T1). Sin embargo, la suplementacin con
Lys-Met sola mostr una disminucin discreta en
el colesterol total (TC) plasmtico y la lipoprotena
de baja densidad (LDL) cuando se compar con
la dieta de control (T1)(Tabla 3). No hubo efectos
principales evidentes para suplementacin de Lys
ms Met a travs de los tratamientos (T4).
La suplementacin de la dieta con L-carnitine y
Lys ms Met no tuvo efecto (p>0.05) en glucosa
plasmtica (GLU), triglicridos (TG), protena
total (TP), Albmina (Alb) y lipoprotena de baja
densidad (LDL). Por el contrario, el efecto en
tratamientos sobre el cido rico plasmtico (UAc),
colesterol (TC), lipoprotena de baja densidad
(LDL) y lipoprotena de alta densidad (HDL) mue
significativo (p<0.05) (Tabla 3). Efectos principales
fueron evidentes para suplementacin de L-carnitine
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Table 3. Mean values ( s.e.m.) on blood parameters of broilers diets differing in dietary L-carnitine, lysine (Lys)
and methionine (Met) levels.
Treatments1
Blood
parameters
s.e.m.
Sig.
234a
9.53
9.06
ns
4.63
1.90
4.96
0.75
0.78
135.3a
12
121.67a
23.50
137.33a
17.15
13.17
ns
3.53a
0.65
3.46a
0.60
3.26a
0.51
3.53a
0.46
0.26
ns
0.12
ns
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
Glucose
[mg/dl]
235a
4.35
233.67 a
8.32
239.33a
8.38
248.67a
28.20
249a
9.84
240.67a
4.72
253.30a
21.5
254a
24.24
Uric acid
[mg/dl]
2.23
1.60
2.63
0.45
2.63
1.17
3.26
1.90
4.20
0.52
4.70
1.21
4.70
1.86
132a
13.50
149.67 a
20.50
106.67a
22.36
139.00a
25.51
142.00a
17.05
115.30a
40.5
Protein
[mg/dl]
3.03a
0.37
3.16 a
0.32
3.26a
0.05
3.33a
0.58
3.26a
0.25
Albumin
[mg/dl]
1.36
0.25
Triglyceride [mg/
dl]
ab
ab
ab
ab
ab
ab
ab
1.36
0.25
1.6
0.10
1.36
0.15
1.53
0.11
1.56
0.32
1.56
0.15
1.43
0.28
1.66
0.23
Cholesterol [mg/
dl]
293.30
6.10
284
61.53
271
9.53
185
49.86
133
10
142
12.70
135.67
4.90
115.3
9.80
131.30
20.8
16.35
LDL
[mg/dl]
169.30a
8.90
165 a
49.36
158.33a
14.64
71.30b
62.04
81b
6.24
24.60c
5.85
21.00c
5.29
12.67c
3.50
15.67c
15.14
16.01
**
HDL
[mg/dl]
88a
8.23
89ab
16.09
91.60ab
7.09
85.60ab
10.01
86.60ab
1.10
94.30ab
10.20
87.33ab
6.11
78.30b
10.4
97.3ab
10.14
5.44
VLDL
[mg/dl]
26.66
2.80
30
4.35
21
4.35
28.00
5.29
28.33
3.21
27.66
8.00
27.33
2.51
24.33
5.03
23
3.51
2.67
ns
bc
bc
bc
Values within a row with different superscripts differ significantly; * - p<0.05; ** - p<0.01; ns-not significant.
- T1 (L-carnitine NRC recommendations), T2 (L-carnitineNRC recommendations +15% Lys and 15% Met), T3 (L-carnitineNRC recommendations +15%
Lys and 15% Met), T4 (75mg/Kg L-carnitine+Lys and MetNRC recommendations), T5 (75mg/Kg L-carnitine + 15% Lys and 15% Met), T6 (75mg/Kg
L-carnitine + 30% Lys and 30% Met), T7 (150mg/Kg L-carnitine + Lys and Met NRC recommendations), T8 (150mg/Kg L-carnitine + 15% Lys and
15% Met), T9 (150mg/Kg L-carnitine + 30% Lys and 30% Met).
a,b,c
1
Lys-Met
+0%
+15%
+30%
Sig s.e.m.
Glucose [mg/dl]
245.66a
19.71
245.55a
16.51
238.00a
7.43
ns
5.23
3.40a
1.83
3.82a
1.38
4.10a
1.44
ns
0.45
Triglyceride [mg/dl]
135.56a
15.92
137.78a
21.78
119.78a
28.23
ns
7.60
Protein [mg/dl]
3.28a
0.49
3.23a
0.33
3.44a
0.42
ns
0.15
Albumin [mg/dl]
1.43
0.19
1.44
0.21
1.61
0.20
ns
0.07
Cholesterol [mg/dl]
204.67a
74.26
177.44a
86.26
181.44a
68.59
ns
9.44
LDL [mg/dl]
87.22a
72.50
65.22a
78.91
66.22a
70.05
ns
9.24
HDL [mg/dl]
90.11a
8.57
84.66a
10.75
91.33a
8.48
ns
3.14
VLDL [mg/dl]
27.33
3.31
27.55
4.47
23.88
5.71
ns
1.54
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0
75
150
(mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg)
Sig s.e.m.
Glucose[mg/dl]
236.00a
6.80
246.11a
15.70
247.11 a
19.54
ns
5.23
Uric acid[mg/dl]
2.50
32.76
4.06
1.32
4.77
1.41
**
0.45
Triglyceride[mg/dl]
129.56
25.05
132.11
28.40
131.44 a
17.42
ns
7.60
Protein[mg/dl]
3.15 a
0.26
3.37 a
0.47
3.42 a
0.47
ns
0.15
Albumin[mg/dl]
1.44 a
0.21
1.48 a
0.20
1.55a
0.22
ns
0.07
Cholesterol[mg/dl]
282.78
32.75
153.33
35.59
127.44
15.00
**
9.44
LDL[mg/dl]
164.22
26.57
38.00
40.17
16.44 b
8.98
**
9.24
HDL[mg/dl]
92.66 a
10.01
88.89 a
8.27
84.55 a
9.16
ns
3.14
VLDL[mg/dl]
25.88 a
5.20
26.44 a
5.68
26.44 a
3.67
ns
1.54
DISCUSIN
DISCUSSION
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Acknowledgments
Agradecimientos
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REFERENCES
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2.
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6.
7.
8. M u k h t a r M A , M o h a m m e d K A , M u s a
MH.Replacement value of lysine and
methionine for super concentrate in broiler
chicks yield and quality. J Sc Tech 2010;
11(2):27-29.
9.
4708