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1984
Steve Weinberg








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Murph GoldbergerDave Spergel
Sam Treiman
Trevor LipcombeDon-
na Kronemeyer
Joe Polchinski
Roger Shepard

Bill BialekSidney Coleman
Murray Gell-Mann
Heinz PagelsFrank
Wilczek

Santa Barbara

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Kim Beeler
Chris GroesbeckMar-
tha Retman and Frank Retman Diane
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Charles Levine


Catherine Shaw


Roberta Frost

Martin Kessler

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John Brockman
Katinka Matsen
Helen Mills
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Debra Witmoyer
Lisa LopezGwen Cattron
Katie DoremusKaren Mur-
phyKresha Warnock

Bonnie Bright 3.45.26.37.27.3
7.410.210.311.111.312.112212.314.215.2
Michael Cullen 3.53.99.111.7
13.214.114.4
15.1
Eric Junker 5.15.35.4
Joe Karl 2.12.34.2
Peggy Royster 4.313.1
Clara Weis 4.1
Gretchen Zee 2.27.19.210.1

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1606









Prof. Anthony Zee

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2006 6 28

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Foreword (by Roger Penrose) for Tony Zee's book:

Fearful Symmetry: The Search for Beauty in Modern Physics

Foreword

The notion of symmetry has manifestations that are widespread in

human culture. Symmetry also exhibits itself in a great many features
of the operation of the Natural world. It is a notion that is simple en-
ough to be understood and made use of by a young child; yet it is subtle
enough to be central to our deepest and most successful physical the-
ories describing the inner workings of Nature. Symmetry is thus a con-
cept which is simultaneously obvious and profound.
It has many areas of application. Some are basically practical,
such as can be made use of in engineering, as with the bilateral sym-
metry of most aeroplane designs or in the symmetry in bridge construc-
tion or, at a more mundane level, in the satisfactory creation of furni-
ture, for example. But other uses of symmetry are more evidently pur-
ely aesthetic, and can be central to many artworks, where it may pro-
vide a key ingredient underlying the sublime beauty of various great
works of art. Moreover, this is true over a considerable range of disci-
plines, such as in painting or sculpture, or in music or literature. In
mathematics, the notion of symmetry is the starting point of vast areas
of deep theory, providing much penetrating insight of enormous scope.

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In the science of crystallography it is crucial, as it is also in many as-

pects of chemistry. It is evident to the eye that symmetry is also import-
ant to biological function. For there is great symmetry to be found
throughout the plant and animal kingdoms, and this symmetry can con-
tribute in many different ways to the efficient functioning of an organ-
ism. Bilateral symmetry, for example, is almost universal among ani-
mals. Yet it is occasionally grossly violated, such as in the twisting spi-
ral shape of a snail's shell. But with such a shell, we find that there
emerges a deeper type of symmetry, not evident at first: for the shell
has a symmetry under rotational motion, provided that this is accom-
panied by uniform expansion or contraction.
But it is in modern fundamental physics that we find the most
subtle interplay between symmetry and asymmetry. For there is a
special role for symmetry in Nature's basic forces, as has been revealed
by 20th century physics, which is both central and sometimes enigma-
tically violated. Some of the underlying ideas are quite simple to grasp,
but others distinctly sophisticated. But I believe that this undoubted
sophistication should not be held as a reason for denying the lay public
an opportunity to have access to some of these ideas, which often ex-
hibit a kind of sublime beauty. Yet, it is not so easy to present such
ideas in a way accessible to a lay reader, while at the same time holding
the reader's interest and conveying some non-trivial understanding.
Tony Zee, however, achieves this in a masterful way in his classic, here
reprinted, Fearful Symmetry: The Search for Beauty in Modern Phys-
ics.
Fundamental physics is genuinely difficult, and the crucial role of
symmetry is often a subtle one. For this good reason it is not often sat-

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isfactorily explained to a lay audience at length or in significant depth.

In the arts, on the other hand, it is usually not hard to produce acces-
sible works fully extolling the use of various qualities of symmetry, of-
ten merely by use of a good picture, as is the case also in architecture
and engineering. This seems to be true also in biological descriptions,
and in books depicting the natural beauty of crystalline substances.
There are even many accessible works in which the symmetrical forms
of pure geometry, or of other areas of pure mathematics, can be made
very accessible even to the mathematically unsophisticated reader. But
there is something especially hard to communicate about roles of sym-
metry in basic physics, particularly because these roles are often very
abstract, and they frequently depend upon the highly non-intuitive and
confusing fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. The de-
mands of quantum physics are themselves not easy to comprehend.
These are often subtle, and they have a special importance to the work-
ings of Nature at the deepest levels that human understanding has yet
been able to penetrate. It is when the ideas of Symmetry and quantum
mechanics come together that we find the special subtleties that are
crucial to our modern understanding of the basic forces of Nature.
All this serves to emphasize the difficulties that confronted Zee's
task, and to enhance our admiration for his superb achievement. But
there is one thing to his advantage, that he was able to exploit: the fact
that symmetry and beauty are closely linked. By emphasizing the bea-
uty in the use of symmetry that lies behind our modern theories of the
forces of Nature, rather than dwelling on the mathematical details, he
is able to side-step most of the technicality and many of the deep re-
maining difficulties that presently confound further progress. This is a

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story that indeed has not reached its end, as it is still beset with enigmas
and apparent inconsistencies. Of course, this makes it all the more fas-
cinating to study the progress that has been made so far, and perhaps to
entice more readers to enter, in a serious way, this wonderful world-a
world that that they may not have considered before.
And for this, Tony Zee here serves as a superb guide!

Roger Penrose, October 2006

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A. Zee

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A.
Zee

Roger Penrose
2006 10

Stephen Hawking
The Road to Reality
A Complete Guide to the Laws of Universe 2004

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1999


001 PART
1 003
2 008
3 023

053 PART
4 055
5 082
6 103

111 PART
7 113
8 123
9 133
10 144

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163 PART
11 165
12 200
13 228
14 248
15 279
16 301

311

323 9

327

349

381

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PART




H. Bondi

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Rub-
ens2

Bramante

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PART

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Turandot
Pucchini

Hokusai, 1760-1849
Minneapolis Institute of Art
R.B. HoitPhoto Researchers, Inc.
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PART

Hookes Law

20 30

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PART
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1971

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90180270360
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180




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Lewis Carroll

PART

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Eratosthenes

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2.2

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Eratosthenes



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Eugene Wigner

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1928

1 Reduction

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20 50
30

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George Gamow

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1078 10881078 1
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population problem
vastness problemlongevity problem

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46 282-283
100 43, 45
37 43
128 C 45

Index
37 282-283
120 282
190, 194 292
67 207
20 214
281-282 137
166, 182, 184 203
63 187
296 242
296 270
296 40
298, 312 42
100 42
119, 128 42
146 43
84, 86 204-205
313 371
42 115-117

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363 30
63 36
37 30
188, 222 208
123 145
89 222
89 41
210-211, 222, 240, 244 75, 89, 120
130, 210, 211 79, 82, 90, 123
16 81, 105
172 104
62 67-70, 81
104 293
42 63
88 72
75 126
222 128
7 145
219 190
216, 218 100
222 147
72 254, 281
79 30
290, 292 K 47
292 183
238 215
61 181
36 215

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193 30
19 230
181 227, 240, 277
186, 211 210
136, 159 13
40, 45 29, 40
18 29
281 270
37 30, 35

Index
35 285
175 P 45
246 100
205 100
172 113
170 37
206-209 238
113 38
173-174 218
38 240
35 233
277 244
238 115
55 285
298, 316 115
121 117
17, 240 CP 48
12 CPT 303
62 CPT 303

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K 48 36, 43, 48, 176, 181

W 238, 285 181, 280
Z(2) 137 282
p 313 282
280-281

384
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A.
Zee .
., 2006 [ 95]
.
: Fearful Symmetry: the search for
beauty in modern physics
I S B N 978-957-11-4361-3
I S B N 957-11-4361-8
5BA7
1. 2. - ,
331.2 95010110

Fearful Symmetry The Search
for Beauty in Modern Physics
A. Zee









106 339 4
(02)2705-5066 (02)2706-6100
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wunan@wunan.com.tw
01068953

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Fearful Symmetry
(07)2358-702 (07)2350-236
Copyright 1986 by Anthony Zee.
Chinese translation rights 2006 by Wu-Nan Book
Inc.
Published by arrangement with Wu-Nan Book Inc. 2006 11

All Rights Reserved. 380 www.wunan.com.tw

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