Professional Documents
Culture Documents
171
H 15 S-12
H 20 S- 16
CAMIN TIPO HS O MS
DE 4.27 A 9.14
4.27
12.20 Mximo
4.15Mx.
1.22
1.22
4.25
1.20
3.50
172
CAMIN T3-S2-R4
8.25 mx.
1.20
4.25
8.25 mx.
1.20
3.20
1.20
4.25
3.50
1.20
14515kgr.
10886kgr.
7257kgr.
3629kgr.
2722kgr.
1814kgr.
H - 20 (M-1-18)
H - 15 (M-1-13.5)
H - 10 (M-1-9)
0.40 W
0.10 W
1.83 m
0.10 W
0.40 W
173
Camin tipo HS o MS
14515Kg.
14515Kg.
3629Kg.
HS - 20 (M-18)
10886Kg.
10886Kg.
2722Kg.
HS - 15 (M-13.5)
4.27 m
4.27 a 9.14 m
0.10 W
0.40 W
0.40 W
0.10 W
0.40 W
0.40 W
1.83 m
W= Peso combinado de los dos primeros ejes, igual al que tiene el camin tipo M
correspondiente.
Camin T3-S3
12.20 Mximo
4.15Mx.
1.22
1.22
7.5Ton
7.5Ton
7.5Ton
4.25
1.20
9Ton 9Ton
3.50
5.5Ton
174
Camin T3S2R4
8.25 mx.
1.20
Ton 9
4.25
8.25 mx.
1.20
9
3.20
9
4.25
1.20
9
3.50
1.20
9
5.5
7257.5
1814.5
176
E
E = Ancho de la distribucin.
Parapeto
E
Guarnicin
Corte Transversal
Segn AASHTO:
E = 1.22 + 0.06 S =
S = Claro de la losa
< 2.13m
177
Ancho de distribucin
E
1..83 m
Eje trasero
Eje delantero
4.27 m
PLANTA
Guarnicin
x
Nervaduras
E1
Eje delantero
Guarnicin
4.27m
Guarnicin
Eje trasero
1.83m
E = 0.4 S + 1.14
E1 = 0.8 x + 1.14
178
ancho de distribucin:
E = ((3.05 * N) + W) / 4 N =
m..
0.86
179
R = 46000Kg.
Nota: Siempre y cuando todas les ruedas quepan en el elemento estructural que se estudia.
0.72
LINEAS DE INFLUENCIA
Es la representacin grafica de los efectos en los apoyos y en las secciones
transversales de las estructuras debido a una carga unitaria a diferentes posiciones de la
estructura.
a) DE LAS REACCIONES
De RA
L
180
RB
RA
De RB
RB
RA
De los Cortantes
RB
D
RA
De los Momentos
Ab/L
a
b
L
b
P=1
MB = RA(L) - P(L - x) = 0 ;
Si P = 1
RA = P(L - x) / L
RA = (L - x) / L
C
x
L
Cuando :
x=0;
RA = 1
x = L ; RA = 0
1
0
181
RB = Px / L
RB = x / L
Cuando:
x = 0 ; RB = 0
x = L ; RB = 1
0
LNEA DE INFLUENCIA DE R B:
RA = (L - x)/L
Vc
b/L
B
-a / L
Vc = (L - x) / L - P
Si P = 1
Vc = (L - x) / L - 1
Cuando:
x = 0 ; Vc = 0
x = a ; Vc = -a / L
En el tramo C-B:
Vc = RA ; Vc = (L - x) / L
Cuando:
x = a ; Vc = b / L
x = L ; Vc = 0
En el tramo A-C:
RA = (L - x) / L
Mx = RA (a) - P(a - x) = 0
Mx = (L - x) / L (a) - P(a - x) = 0
182
Cuando:
x = 0 ; Ma = L / L *a (a ) = 0
x = a ; Mc = ((L - a) / L) a (a a) = b a / L
Ab/L
C
En el tramo A-C:
Mx = RA (x)
RA = (L - x) / L
Mx = (L - x) / L (a)
b
L
Cuando:
x = a ; Mc = ((L a ) / L) a = (a b) / L
x = L ; Mc = ((L L) / L)a = 0
RA
RB
EJEMPLO 1 :
Sea un camin tipo H-20, actuando sobre un elemento estructural de 20m de claro,
obtener la RA mxima.
A
4.27
20m
14515
3629
A
1 / 20 = y / 15.73 ; y = 0.7865
4.27
15.73
0.80
0.5865
B
A
4.0
11.73
4.27
20
EJEMPLO 2:
Un elemento estructural de 16m soporta una carga HS-20. Determinar el momento mximo
maximorum.
0.71
3.63
0.71
14.5
14.5
4.27
3.02
1.42
2.85
4.44
8.00
1.000
7.29
0.811
2
0.544
4
0.2775
0
16
m
1.64
3.97
2.02
RA
RB
3.02
4.27
7.29
4.27
4.44
8.71
CLARO
6.40
7.62
8.53
9.45
10.67
11.50
12.80
13.41
14.63
15.85
16.46
17.68
18.29
19.51
20.73
21.34
22.86
24.38
25.91
27.43
28.96
30.48
33.53
36.58
39.62
42.62
45.72
48.77
H15
MT
17421
20739
23518
26601
30721
33805
37939
39999
44133
48267
50340
54972
57862
63848
70084
73319
81656
90422
99603
109198
119194
129619
151713
175452
200864
221922
256652
287028
VT
11793
12066
12247
12383
12655
12973
13426
13653
14061
14515
14742
15150
15377
15830
16239
16465
17010
17554
18098
18643
19487
19731
20820
21900
22997
24086
25174
26263
H20
MT
23228
27652
31357
35464
40953
45087
50589
53341
58843
64360
67125
73292
77149
85127
93450
97750
108880
120563
132799
145588
158930
172825
202274
233936
267810
303895
342194
382704
VT
15740
16100
16329
16511
16874
17327
17872
18189
18779
19323
19641
20230
20502
21092
21682
21954
22680
23405
24131
24857
25583
25308
27760
29211
30661
32114
33566
35017
HS15
MT
12421
21499
26131
30832
37455
42957
50327
54018
61401
68812
77517
79928
83633
91058
98483
102202
111479
120798
130103
139408
148616
158031
176655
195292
213930
232567
256652
287028
VT
14515
15694
16329
17100
17962
18461
19051
19278
19731
20094
20276
20548
20864
20911
21137
21228
21455
21636
21818
21954
22090
22226
22407
22509
22997
24086
25174
26263
HS20
MT
23228
28675
34842
41105
49940
57281
67098
72020
91864
91749
96685
106571
111507
121406
131306
136269
148643
161059
173475
185877
198154
210708
235540
260385
285244
310090
342207
382704
VT
19368
20911
21772
22016
23950
24630
25401
25719
26308
26807
27034
27397
27578
27896
28168
28304
28622
28848
29075
29357
29438
29620
29892
30119
30663
32114
33566
25017
185
11.34
7.37
7.37
7.37
7.37
5.7
7.37
7.37
7.37
7.37
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
1
1.52
1.52
10
11
12
1.52
2.75
13
14
O
15
16
17
18
2.45
1.52
2.75
1.52
1.83
1.52
2.45
2.45 1.52
1.52
1.52
1.83 1.52
1.52
187
TABLA COOPER
87.9
80.5
74.8
W
W
W
161.0
155.4
144.0
132.7
121.3
110.0
102.6
95.3
5.7
17.0
28.4
39.7
51.0
58.4
65.8
73.1
80.5
86.2
5.7
11.34
11.34
11.34
11.34
7.37
7.37
7.37
7.37
2.44
1.52
1.52
1.52
2.75
1.52
1.83
1.52
L
L
M
18
2.44
3.96
5.48
7.00
9.75
11.27
13.10
14.62
33.22
30.78
29.26
27.74
26.22
23.47
21.95
20.12
17
16
15
14
13
12
2828.1
2639.7
161.0 30.78
155.4
29.26
2582.7
2403.0
2290.6
144.0
27.74
2071.1
1958.9
132.7
26.22
1756.6
1644.2
121.3
23.47
1459.3
1346.9
110.0
21.95
1179.4
52.2
40.8
29.5
22.1
14.7
7.4
97.5
108.9
120.2
131.5
138.9
146.3
153.7
161.0
5.67
11.34
11.34
11.34
11.34
7.37
7.37
7.37
7.37
10
11
12
13
14
2.45
2.45
1.52
1.52
1.52
2.75
1.52
1.83
1.52
1.52
17.07
19.52
21.04
22.56
24.08
26.83
28.35
30.18
31.70
33.22
18.59
16.14
13.70
12.18
10.56
9.14
6.39
4.87
3.04
1.52
33.7
11.2
1174.0
102.6
63.5
20.12
1012.8
95.3
18.59
864.0
87.9
16.14
1017.6
867.0
730.0
727.0
80.5 13.70
604.2
479.8
63.5
10.56
341.5
52.2
9.14
220.5
40.8
6.39
116.8
29.5
4.87
521.2
383.0
262.0
158.3
71.9
11.2
17
148.0 27.73
136.6 26.21
125.3 24.68
114.0 23.16
102.6 20.42
95.3 18.89
87.9 17.06
80.5 15.54
73.1 13.10
67.5 10.66
56.1 9.14
44.8 7.61
33.5 6.09
22.1 3.35
14.7 1.83
1862.9
1565.5
1285.7
1023.0
872.4
733.1
607.2
492.8
418.4
297.4
193.8
107.3
38.2
13.5
146.3 28.34
140.6 25.90
129.3 24.38
117.9 22.85
106.6 21.33
95.3 18.59
87.9 17.06
80.5 15.23
73.1 13.71
65.8 11.27
60.1 8.83
48.8 7.31
37.4 5.78
26.1 4.26
14.7 1.52
20.810
1920.3
1626.4
372.5
308.6
11.2
1350.0
1090.7
848.8
711.6
585.8
473.5
208.2
125.3
59.6
138.9 26.82
133.2 24.38
121.3 22.86
110.6 21.33
99.2 19.81
87.9 17.07
80.5 15.54
73.1 13.71
65.8 12.19
58.4 9.75
52.7 7.31
41.4 5.79
30.1 4.26
18.7 2.75
1717.2
1440.7
1181.4
939.5
714.8
589.0
474.4
373.3
283.4
228.1
145.2
79.5
31.1
131.5 24.08
125.9 21.64
114.5 20.12
103.2 18.59
91.9 17.07
80.5 14.33
73.1 12.80
65.8 10.97
58.4 9.45
51.0 7.01
45.4 4.57
34.0 3.05
22.7 1.52
1508.4
1371.8
1126.5
898.4
687.6
493.9
388.4
293.9
213.1
143.4
103.7
51.8
17.3
120.2 22.56
114.5 20.12
103.2 18.60
91.9 17.07
80.5 15.55
69.2 12.81
61.8 11.28
54.5 9.45
47.1 7.93
39.7 5.49
34.0 3.05
22.7 1.52
1325.2
294.2
17.3
1197.3
969.2
758.4
564.8
388.5
211.0
141.3
83.0
51.8
108.9 21.03
105.2 18.59
91.9 17.07
80.5 15.54
69.2 14.02
57.8 11.28
50.5 9.75
43.1 7.92
35.7 6.40
28.4 3.96
22.7 1.52
1159.3
1040.0
829.1
635.7
459.4
300.3
217.2
145.3
87.0
39.7
17.3
91.9 17.07
80.5 15.55
69.2 14.02
57.8 12.50
46.5 9.76
39.1 8.23
31.8 6.40
24.4 4.88
17.0 2.45
900.1
706.5
530.2
371.2
229.5
157.6
96.9
49.8
13.8
10
86.2 17.07
80.5 14.63
69.2 13.11
57.8 11.58
46.5 10.06
35.2 7.32
27.8 5.79
20.4 3.96
13.0 2.44
800.5
703.7
537.8
389.2
257.9
143.8
89.9
47.1
18.0
80.5 14.63
74.8 12.19
63.5 10.67
52.2 9.14
40.8 7.62
29.5 4.88
22.1 3.35
14.7 1.52
604.2
521.2
383.0
262.0
158.3
71.9
35.9
11.2
75.1 13.11
67.5 10.67
56.1 9.15
44.8 7.62
33.5 6.10
22.1 3.36
14.7 5.52
492.6
418.4
297.4
193.7
107.3
38.2
13.5
65.8 11.28
60.1 8.64
48.8 7.32
37.4 5.79
26.1 4.27
14.7 1.52
372.5
308.5
208.2
125.3
59.6
11.2
58.4 9.75
52.7 7.31
41.4 5.79
30.1 4.26
18.7 2.75
283.4
228.1
145.2
79.5
31.1
51.0 7.01
45.4 4.57
34.0 3.05
22.7 1.52
143.5
103.7
51.8
17.3
39.7 6.49
34.0 3.05
22.7 1.52
83.0
51.8
17.3
28.4 5.06
22.7 1.52
39.7
17.3
17.0 2.44
13.8
14.7
1.52
35.9
2177.3
1869.3
17
69.7
22.1
3.04
155.7 30.17
97.5 19.51
12.18
16
2348.5
1010.7
11
635.3
74.8
15
TON
3.72
18
18
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
7
CARGA
6
X
LONG
MOMENTO
M
171
EJEMPLO 3:
Obtener el cortante mximo en el apoyo A en la viga de 14m de claro que se muestra
en la figura.
Situando la primera rueda ms pesada (2) en A, siguiendo el claro que se tiene hasta
la rueda (9).
A 2
12.19
1.84
9
9
C = 74.8ton
;
M = 521.20ton/m
2
2
PASO DE LA RESULTANTE X = 521.20 / 74.8 = 6.97m
A la izquierda de la rueda 9.
B
5.22
8.78
EJEMPLO 4:
Calcular el momento mximo maximorum de una viga de 14m de claro. La rueda 13
debe quedar casi en la lnea de centro, entonces:
10
16
13
B
7.00
1.51
16
C = 65.8ton
10
7.00
5.49
5.78
1.22
16
M = 372.50ton/m
10
171
0.06
16
13
B
6.94
7.06
RA = 65.8 X 6.94 / 14 = 32.62ton
13
M = 83.00ton/m
;
10
172