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INGENIERA Y
ARQUITECTURA
INTEGRACIN DEFINIDA Y
APLICACIONES
Integrantes:
- ALVAREZ RUMICHE Criss
- DVILA MONTEZA Lizbeth
- GARCIA FUENTES Oscar
- GARCIA ALBURUQUEQUE Joselyn
- VILLACREZ PEA Josely
CLCULO II
Hebeth Cueva Valladolid
1. SUMAS DE RIEMANN
[ 0,1 ]
intervalo de
n
( a ) lim
n k=1
k 2 (n2k 2)
n5
n
f ( x ) dx=lim f
n
1
k=1
( kn )( 1n )
lim
n k=1
lim
n k=1
lim
n k=1
k 2 ( n2k 2) 1
n
n4
k 2 n2 k 2 1
n
n2
n2
( ) ( ( ) ) 1n
k
n
k
n
( ) ( ) ( ( ) ) f ( x )= x (1x )
k
k
=
n
n
k
n
x 2 (1x 2 )dx
0
( b ) lim ( n2 +k 2 ) 2
n k=1
1
2 2
lim ( n +k ) n
2
n k=1
1
n
n
k
n
1
f
= 2 2=
n n +k
k
1+
n
n
()
f ( x )=
()
1
1+ x 2
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
1 p +2 p +3 p ++ n p
n p+1
( c ) lim
n k=1
kp 1
np n
lim
n k=1
k
k p
=
f ( x )=x p
n
n
()()
x p dx
0
lim
n k=1
1
2k + n
( nk ) ln
2
n
n
))
lim
n k=1
1
2k + n
( nk ) ln
2
n
n
))
2
2k
a=o ; b=2; x= ; x k =
n
n
n
f ( x ) dx= lim f
n k=1
2
( 2nk ) 2n
lim 1
2 k +n n 2
n 2 ( nk ) ln
n
2 n
n
f ( x )=
1
1
1 x ln ( x+ 1 )
2
2
( 12 4x ) ln( x +1)dx
0
lim
n k=1
lim
n k=1
k
( 2nn4
+2 kn )
2
2 n4 k
n2 +2 kn
2
2k
a=o ; b=2; x= ; x k =1+
n
n
n
f ( x ) dx= lim f 1+
n k=1
3
2k 2
n n
lim
n k=1
k 2
( 2n4
n +2 kn ) n
2
n2k
(
n )
2k
f (1+ )=
n
( n+2n k )
2k
1 )
(
n
2k
2k
f ( 1+ )=
x=1+
n
n
2k
1+
( n)
2k
x1=
n
f ( x )=
(1x+1) 2x
=
x
x
dx
2x
x
1
n
n +2 ( n ) +2 n2
n
()
4+ 4 n+2 n2
n
+
2
1+2 n+2 n
lim
2
n
2
n +2 ( n ) +2 n
n
()
4+4 n+2 n2
n
+
1+2 n+2 n2
lim
2
1
k
a=o ; b=2; x= ; x k =
n
n
n
f ( x ) dx= lim f
n k=1
1
( kn ) 1n
lim
n k=1
n2
1
2
2
k + 2 kn+2 n n
2
lim
n k=1
lim
n k=1
n
2
n
1
2
2
k 2 kn 2 n n
+
+ 2
n2 n2
n
1
1
n
k
2k
+ +2
n
n
2
()
( kn )= k +12 k +2 f ( x )= x +21x+ 2
(n) n
2
1
dx
x +2 x +2
2
f ( x )=x 33 x 2+ 6
( x 33 x2 +6 ) dx
1
x4
3
x +6 x
4
1
81 3
1
3 + 18 (1)36 =16
4
4
f ( x ) dx=f ( c ) (ba)
1
16=f ( c) (4)
4=f (c )
f ( c )=c3 3 c 2+ 6=4
f ( c )=c3 3 c 2+2=0
* Por Ruffini obtenemos como valor el 1, quedndonos la ecuacin
c 22 c2=0
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
Por discriminante:
(2) 4 ( 1 ) (2 ) =12
x=
2 2 3
=
2(1)
c :<1,3> , es 1
[2] Sea:
f ( x )=
9 x2 x 4 , Si; 0 x 3
x 29, Si; 3< x 6
f ( 3 ) =0
+
x 3 f ( x )=0
x 3 f ( x)=lim
lim
9 x x
2
6
4
dx+ ( x 29) dx
3
x (9x )dx + x3 9 x
0
2
)|
63
33
x (9 x ) dx+ 3 9(6) 3 9 ( 3 )
0
)(
Cambiode variable
u2=9x 2 u du=x dx
3
u2 du+36
0
3 3
u
3
+36
(9x2 )
)|
+36
( 93 ) + ( 90 ) + 36=45
f ( c )=
f ( c )=
45
=7.5
6
9 c 2c 4 , Si; 0 c 3
c 29, Si; 3<c 6
9 c 2c 4 =7.5; c2 9=7.5
De donde:
c=7,8,4
[3] Si:
1
3 x+1
f ( t ) dt =
2
+ax
ax
( 14 )=( 163 )
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
d
dx
f ( t ) dt =
d 2
+ ax
dx ax
2
f ( 0 ) 0=
+a
( 3 x1+1 ) ( (3 3
)
x +1 )
ax
2
Cuando:
1
3 x+1
x=1
2
+a
a
16 3 2
=
+a
3 16
a
( )
a a
2a
+a
a
a2 +a2=0
a=1; a=2
*Cambio de variable:
u=a+bx du=dx
* Cambio de intervalos :
x=a u=b
x=b u=a
a
f ( a+ bx)dx=
a
[5] Sea
f ( x )=10+ ( t ) dt ; x R
0
f ( x )=10+ ( t ) dt
0
f ' (x )=0+ ( x ) ( 0 )0
f ' (x )= ( x ) f ' ( 0)= ( 0 )
x=0
Cuando
0
x=10+ ( t ) dt=10
0
Y =mx +b
10=0+b b=10
Y = ( 0 ) x +10
Como f es impar
(x ) = ( x )
( 0 ) = ( 0 )
2 ( 0 )=0
( 0 ) =0
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
10
6+
a
f (t)
dt=2 x ; x> a
2
t
*Tomamos:
G ( x )=
f (t)
t2
6+ G(t )dt=2 x
a
0+G ( x )0=
1
x
f (x ) 1
=
f ( x ) =x3 / 2
2
x
x
x
6+
a
t 3 /2
dt=2 x
t2
6+ t 1/ 2 dt=2 x
a
6+2 t |a =2 x
6+2 x2 a=2 x
11
6=2 a
a=9
( 1x 2 ) dx
1
1(1) 2
=
n
n
x=
X k =1+ k ( x ) X k =
( (
lim
lim 8
n
2
2k
1
n
2
4 k2 4 k
2
= 1 2 + 1
n
n
n
n
)) (
2k
1
n
8
8
k 3 k2
2
n k=1
n k=1
n ( n+ 1 ) 8 n ( n+ 1 )( 2n+ 1)
3
2
6
n
12
lim 4 n
n2
lim 4
4 4 2n 2+3 n+1
+ 2
n 3
n2
4 8 4
4
2
2
n 3 n 3n
8
8
lim 0+0 00=
3
3
n
F ( x )= f ( t ) dt , t R
0
f ( x )=f (x)
F (x ) = f ( t ) dt= f (t ) dt
0
*Cambio de variable
u=t du=dt
t=0 u=0
t=x u=x
x
f ( u )(dt )
0
x
f ( t ) dt=f ( x)
0
[9] Si:
t
x (t)= ( ts ) e(t s) e s ds
0
13
x (t)= ( ts ) et +s+ s . ds
0
x (t)= ( ts ) et . e2 s ds
0
t
t
x (t)=e
( ts ) . e2 s ds
0
t
t
x (t)=e
( t e2 s s e2 s ) . ds
0
x (t)=et
x (t)=e
x (t)=e
x (t)=
t e2 s . ds s e2 s . ds
0
t e . ds s e2 s . ds
1
1
t . . e2 s . e2 s . s + e 2 s . ds
2
2
0
t
2s
t t 1 t 1 t
e + e e
2
4
4
t2
t
t
x ' ( t )= et + e t et
2
4
4
x ' ' (t )=
t 3 t t 2 t t 2 t
e + e e
2
4
4
14
f ( x ) dx= f (x ) dx
0
f ( x ) dx=2 f ( x ) dx
0
f ( x ) es par.
f ( x ) dx
t
u=x
du=dx
x=t u=t
x=0 u=0
0
f (u ) du
t
f (u ) du
0
f (x ) dx
0
15
f ( x ) dx=2 f ( x ) dx
0
f ( x ) dx= f ( x ) dx + f ( x ) dx
t
f es par f (x ) =f (x )
[12] Si
cada
f ( x ) dx = f (x ) dx
0
f ( x ) dx
c
u=x
du=dx
x=c u=c
x=0 u=0
c
f (x ) dx
0
16
f ( x)dx
0
Donde:
2 x +2, si x [ 0,2 ]
x 24 x +10, si x<2,4
f ( x )= {
(2 x +2)dx + ( x2 4 x +10)dx
0
2
2
x= x=
n
n
17
X k =0+
2k
2k
X k =2+
n
n
( ( ) ) [(
2k
2
2k 2
2k
2
+2 + 2+
4 2+
+10
n
n
n
n
n
lim
n k=1
) (
((
8k 4
8k 4k
8k
2
+ + lim 4+ + 2 8 +10
2
n
n
n
n n n k=1
n
](
8 n(n+1) 4
4k
2
lim 2
+ n + 2 +6
2
n
n
n n
n
4 8 n(n+1)(2 n+1) 12
+
+ n
n n3
6
n
[ ]
lim 8+
lim 4
8+
8+
3n
lim 8
3
(2 n2 +3 n+1)+12
4 1
+ + 2 +12
n 3n
8
68
8+ + 12=
3
3
'
[14] Sea f una funcin derivable tal que f ( 0 )=f ( 0 )=a , se definen las
siguientes funciones:
18
g (x)
g(x)= f ( u ) . du g(0)=0
0
, se define
, >
talque
H ( x )= ( x a ) f ( t ) dt
2
f ( 1 )=f ' ( 1 ) =1
sabiendo que
f ( t ) dt=8 a .
0
Calcular
x
H ( x )= ( x2 a ) f (t)dt
0
d
( x 2a ) f (t) dt
dt 0
19
H ( x )=2 x f (t ) dt+ ( 3 x 4 3 ax 2 ) f (x 3 )
'
( x3 1) dx
0
lim f ( x k ) x
n k=1
5
5k
a=0 , b=5 ; x = ; x k =
n
n
f ( x k ) =(
5k 3
) 1
n
5k 3
lim ( ) 1
n
n k=1
n
lim
125
3
5
( ( k ) 1)
3
n
n k=1
2
125 n ( n1 ) 5 5
lim ( 3 (
) )
2
n n
n
n
lim (
20
625
625
( 1+0+0 )0)=
4
4
[17] Sea
con
f ( x ) 0, x>0 .
Demostrar que s
[ 0,+ ]
[ f ( x ) ] =2 f ( t ) dt , x >0
0
entonces
f ( x )=x , x >0
f (x)
f ( x )=x +c
f (0)
x=0
f ( 0 )=0c=0 c=0
f ( x )=x
[18] Si
xf ( x ) dx = a+x b f ( x ) dx
a+bx=x
a+b=2 x
a+b
=x
2
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
21
*Remplazamos
b
xf ( x ) dx = a+2 b f ( x ) dx
*Usando propiedades
a+b
2
( ) f ( x ) dx
[20] Pruebe que si
f (x)
es derivable y
f ' ( x )=cf ( x )
f ' ( x )=cf ( x ) , x
entonces
f ( x )=k ecx , x .
f ' (x )
= c
f (x)
ln f (x)=cx+ k f (x)=e
cx+k 1
f ( x)=ecx k
x f (x ) dx= 12 xf (x ) dx , a>0
0
0
3
22
x 3 f ( x 2) dx x 2 f (x 2 ). x . dx
0
u=x
du
=xdx
2
x=0 u=0
x=a u=a 2
a
1
uf (u)du
2 0
1
xf (x) dx
2 0
[22] Si
b+T
xf (x )dx = xF ( x ) dx+ F ( x) dx
a+T
b+T
xf ( x ) dx (u+T ) f (u+ T ). du
a+T
x=u+T u=x T
dx=du
x=a+T u=a+T T =a
x=b+T u=b+T T =b
b
(u+T )f (u) du
a
23
[23] Calcular
ln 5
(a)
e x 1 dx
x
e +3
u2=e x 1u 2+1=e x
x
2udu=e dx
ln5
2
0
u2
du
u2 + 4
ln 5
ln 5
1 du4
1
du
u +4
2
ln 5
( ))|
1
u
2 u| 4 arctg
2
2
ln 5
0
1
2 ( e 1 e 1 ) 4 arctg
2
( b )
1
ln 5
e x 1
2
ln5
)|
lnx
dx
x
1
u=lnxdu= dx
x
dv=x
1
2
dxv=2 x
1
2
24
1
lnx .2 x | 4 x dx
x
12
4
1
2
1
2
( lnx.2 x )|
1
2
( )|
1 4 x
( c ) t 4 +t 2+
t2
|sin 2t | dx
t 2+ 4
2 t 4 +t 2+
0
t2
|sen 2t | dt
t 2+ 4
( t 4 +t 2) dt+
0
( 4+ t 2 ) |
4
1
1
2
( )
t
dt+ ( sen 2 t ) dt
t +4
0
2
4
0
( ))|
1
t
0+ t| 4 arctg
2
2
( e )
0
cos 2t 0
4 + 2
0
12 x x 23
+
dx
1+ x 2 ( x +1 )2
( |)
1
1 1
1
1
arctgx| 1
ln ( 1+ x 2) 1
2
x
+1 0
02 2
|
0+3
0+ x 0ln ( x +2 x +2 )|
3
5
( f )
0
1+ x
dx
1x
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
25
3
5
3
5
( 1+ x ) ( 1+ x )
dx
(1x )( 1+ x )
1+ x
dx
1x 2
3
5
1
x
dx+
dx u2 =1x 2 2 udu=xdx
2
2
0 1x
1x
3
5
0
3
2 5
0
arcsen ( x )| 1x |
( k ) |x|x dx
1
xx dx+ xx dx
0
1
0
2 x dx
1
u =2 x u du=dx
x=0 u=0
x=1 u= 2
0
| ( )
3
u du= u3 2= 32
2
2
( i ) (|9x 2|x2 ) dx
2
( x 29 x2 ) dx + ( 9x 2x 2 ) dx
2
26
(9 ) dx+ ( 92 x 2) dx
3
3
2
(9 x )|
( )| =155.3
2 x3
+ ( 9 x )|
3
5
3
2 x
1+e
( n )
dx
e3 x
1+
1
e3 x
1
e2 x
dx
e 2 x +1
e2 x+ 1
1
e2 x
ex
dx
dx
1
1
0
e3 x
e3 x
1
e2 x +1 3 x
e2 x +1 2 x
e
dx
e dx
ex
u2=e2 x +1 u= e2 x +1
2x
2u . du=2 e . dx
1
2
u dx u 2 dx
0
3 1
u3
e2 x +1
=7.54
3 0
3
0
27
()
0
ex
e x + ex
dx
ex
2 x
e +1
ex
dx
0
ex
1
dx
2x
e +1
ex
e2 x
ex
dx
dx
2x
e2 x +1
0 e +1
u2=e2 x +1
2udu=2 e x dx
u 2 du du
0 u
0
1
1
1
u e x +1 =0.257
2 0 2
0
( o ) |cos x|
0
cos x +cos x
0
( p )|( x 1 )( 3 x1 )|
0
|3 x 24 x+1|
0
28
3 x 4 x+1+3 x + 4 x1+ 3 x 24 x +1
2
1
3
3
3 x3 4 x2
3 3 x
4 x2
3 x3 4 x2
62
+x
+
x 1 +
+x =
3
2
3
2
3
2
27
0
1
3
y=x 2
y las
y=x +2
x 2=x 2+2
x=2 y=4
x=1 y=1
2
( x+2x 2 ) dx
1
x
x
2 x
2
3
)| 6
1
y=6+ 4 xx
29
y=6+ 4 xx 2
y=6
6+ 4 xx 2
(6)dx
4
4 x x2
()dx
4
x x
4
2 3
3 4
x=2
( x 1 ) dx+ ( 1x ) dx+ ( x 21 ) dx
2
x
x
3
)| ( )| (
x
+x
3
2
)|
x
+
x 4
3
1
1
30
y el eje de
las Abscisas.
y=x 5 x + 6 x
x
x
( 35 x 2+ 6 x )
0
3
( 35 x +6 x )0 dx+
2
x4 5 x3 6 x2
+
4
3
2
)| (
x 4 5 x 3 6 x 2
+
+
4
3
2
0
)| 3.08u
31
y + 8 x=16
2
y 24 x=48
Parbola de
V ( 2,0 ) y Parbola de
y 2+ 8 x=16 x=
16 y
8
y 224 x=48 x=
V (2,0 )
y 248
24
y 248=483 y 2
y 2=24
2 6
+
y=
2 6
2 6
2 6
2
0
16x 2 y 248
dy
8
24
16x 2 y 2 48
32 6
dy u 2
8
24
3
y= x
y la recta y = x
32
y= x y =x
x= x
x=1
1
xx dx
0
3
2
2x
x
)
3
2 0
y=x , y =2 x , y=1x
Calcule su rea.
x =1x
2 x =1
x=
1
2
x=
1
2
2 x 2=1x 2
2
3 x =1
x 2=
1
3
x=
1
3
1/ 3
[ ( 1x 2) 2 x2 ] dx
1 /3
1/ 3
1/ 3
[ 13 x ] dx
2
1 /3
1 /3
1/ 3
1 dx
3 x 2 dx
1 /3
33
x|1/31 /3 3
x3
4 3
u2
3 1 /3
9
y=2
1.73
1.73
1.73
2( 1x ) dx + 2( x2 1)dx
2
2( 1x 2) dx + 2(x 21)dx +
0
1
1
1.73
34
x 1 dx + 3x2 dx
2
x 2+1 dx + 3x 2 dx
0
1
1
1.73
x3
x3
x3
x3
+x
+ 3 x
+ + x + 3 x
3
3 1 3
3
1.73
0
1.73
427
100
x=3
y los
ejes coordenados
35
y=5
3
(|x 22 x|+20 ) dx
0
( x 22 x+ 2 ) dx
0
x 2 dx 2 xdx + 2 dx
0
| ( |)
x3
x2
2
3 0
2
+ 2 ( x )|0=6
y 2+ 8 x=16
168 x =48+24 x
2
2 6
2 6
x=1
16 y 2
y 248
dy
8
24
)(
2 2
0
2x=6 +3 x
y= 2 6
y =168 x
2 6
y 224 x=48
2 2 y
y2
y2
2 dy
8
24
)(
y3 y3
+2 y
24 72
2 6
32 6 2
u
3
36
[12]
x=0 y
rectas
y=3 x 4
y el eje X y las
x=1
3 x 4 dx
0
( )| 35
3 x5
5
0.41
( 13 x 2 )3 x 2 dx 3 x 2( 13 x 2 ) dx
0
0.41
0.41
16 x 2 dx 6 x 21 dx
6 x3
x
3
0.41
0.41
6 x3
2
+
x 51.54 u
3
0.41
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
37
y=x 2x 4 ; 0 x 1; y=0
y=x x
y=x 2 (1x 2 )
2
x=0 1x =0
x= 1
x 2x 4 dx
0
x3 x 5
( )
3 5 0
5
f ( x )= x14
2
g ( x ) =132 x
Y el eje de las abscisas.
38
5
f ( x )= x14 g ( x )=132 x
2
5
y= x1 y=132 x
2
x=
13 y
2 y +8
x=
2
5
5
x14=132 x
2
9
x=27
2
x=6
13 y 2 y + 8
13 y y 2 y 8 y
dy=
+
2
5
2
4
10
5
[17] Sea
y=x 2 , y =3 x2 , y=1x 2
Hallar su rea correspondiente.
3 x 2=2x2
4 x 2=2
x 2=
2
4
x=
1
2
1
2
[ ( 2x 2 )3 x 2 ] dx
1
2
1
2
2 [ 24 x ] dx
0
1
2
1
2
2 dx4 x dx
0
] [
x
2
2 2 ( x| )4 ( | ) =4 u
3
3
0
1
2
1
2
39
f ( x )=x 3 y g ( x )=x
x3 =x Puntos de interseccin:-1,1,
( x 3x ) dx+ ( x x3 ) dx
0
x 4 x2
4 2
)| (
x2 x4
+
2 4
1
)| 0
0
x=1 y
y las rectas
y=x
y= x
x=3
3
x x dx + x 3 x dx
3
x 3 x dx +
0
40
x 3x
4
4
4 0
3
4
3
3x
x
x 3x
+
4
4 0 4
4
4 3
3
41
17.5 u2
x 4 + x 3+ 16 x 4=x 4 +6 x 2 +8 x4
x ( x2 ) ( x4 )=0
x=0, x=2, x=4
x4
x4
( 2 x 3 + 4 x2 ) ( 2 x 3+ 4 x 2 )
4
4
0
2
y=x 2 , y =x 4
x 2=x 4
x 4x 2=0 x 2 ( x +1 )( x1 ) =0
x=1 y=1
x=0 y=0
x=1 y=1
1
2 ( x 2x 4 ) dx
0
x 3 x5
2
3 5
)| 154 u
y=|x| y =x 2
x=x 22
x 2x2=0
x=2 x=1
x=x 2
2
x + x2=0
x=2 x =1
|x|( x 22 ) dx
2
2 | x|( x 22 ) dx
2
(x x2 +2 ) dx + ( xx 2 +2 ) dx
2
]
Clculo II Facultad de Ingeniera y Arquitectura
42
2 xdx x dx + 2+ xdx x dx + 2 dx
2
Halle
[ | |
0
x2
x3
2
2 2 3
[24]
| | ]
2
x2
x3
16 2
+ x| +
+ x|0 = u
2 0 3 0
3
2
el
0
2
rea
que
encierran
las
siguientes
ecuaciones
y=x x ; y=3 x
( x x3 x ) dx+ ( 3 xx 3 + x ) dx
3
x 4 x2 3 x 2
4 2
2
)| (
x2 x4
+ 4
2 4
2
)| 4
0
43
q=400 p2
Y la ecuacin de la oferta es
p=
q
+5
60
p=
400x 2
+5
60
60 p=400 p2 +300
p2+ 60 p700=0
p=10 ; p=70
p=10 q=300
p2=400q
p= 400q
300
EC= ( 400q10 ) dq
0
2 ( 400q )
10 q
3
300
)|
3666
44
EP= 10
0
q
5 dq
60
q2
10 q
5 q
120
300
)|
750
p=211q
Y la ecuacin de la oferta es
p=2q +1
Donde p es precio por unidad (en cientos de dlares) cuando q
unidades se demandan o se ofrecen. Determine al milln de
unidades ms cercanas, el excedente de los consumidores bajo
el equilibrio de mercado.
11q
q+1
=2
11q=q+1
10=2 q
q=5 p=64
5
EC= ( 211q64 ) dx
0
45
2q64 dx
11
[ |]
5
11
5
2q
64 q|0=658222.307 u2
ln 2 0
q2 p+ 30=0
Determine el excedente de los consumidores bajo el equilibrio
del mercado.
46
( q+10 )=
800
( p+ 20 )
q=
800
10
( p+20 )
p=
800
20
( p+10 )
q2 p+30=0
q=2 p30
800
10=2 p30
( p+20 )
( 2 p20 ) ( p+ 20 )=800
2
2 p + 40 p20 p400=800
2 p 2+20 p+200=0
p=20 y p=30
p=20 q=10
20
800
+10 dq
( p+20 )
10
ec=
0
30
800
dq
( p+20 )
10
10
47
y=16x 2
Y la funcin de oferta es:
y=2 x+ 1
Determinar el excedente del consumidor y el excedente del
productor en situacin de competencia pura.
y=16x 2
y=2 x+ 1
16x 2=2 x +1
x 2+2 x15=0
( x+5 )( x3 )=0
x=3 ; x=5
x=3 y =7
3
)|
x3
16 x
21=48921=18
3 0
EP=3 ( 7 ) ( 2 x +1 ) dx
0
21( x + x )|=2193=9
2
48