ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTEGRATED DATABASE PROGRAM FOR VALUE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION

AND PROCESSING OF WET, DRIED AND MILLED RICE

MARY GRACE R. ALONER
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF ENGI
NEERING AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAOS IN
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
APRIL 2014
Permission is given to the following people to have access to this thesis: Avail
able to the general public Available only after consultation with author/thesis
adviser Available only to those bound by confidentiality agreement Signature of
Student: ______________________ Signature of Thesis adviser: ___________________
___ Yes Yes No

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study Under the administration of President Benigno S. Aqu
ino III, the flagship program Agrikulturang-Pinoy (Agri-Pinoy) Rice Program was
launched to uphold agricultural development programs through government interven
tions and initiatives aiming for food security and self-sufficiency, resource ma
nagement and support services from farm to table (da.gov.ph,2014). Policy-orient
ed activities are also part of the program. Domestic production of rice is empha
sized in the program as one of key strategies for self-sufficiency. The use of t
echnology in communication plays a major role in information dessimination in ed
ucationg farmers with reforms and new farming methods accross the country. Inter
national Rice Research Institute (IRRI) use online tools in sharing rice technol
ogies and knowledge to farmers in improving their production. One project of IRR
I is the Rice Crop Manager. It is a smarthphone application that allows user to
have specific virtual consultation regarding nutrient, pest, weed, grain variety
or irrigation. If these recommendations are followed, it is aimed to increase y
ield by 300kg per hectare on each season. Department of Agriculture through othe
r government agencies, like Philippines Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) is ma
king its efforts to achieve rice sufficiency. These programs are also supported
by a campaign by providing rice consumers information on awareness of consumptio
n. Year 2013 was launched as the year of rice promoting awareness on consumption
and wasted rice. This campaign is

3
targeting three segment of population such as producers, policy-makers and consu
mers (PhilRice,2014). As the Agri-Pinoy Rice program aims to reach all farming c
ommunities all over the country, its effectiveness and impact should be measured
. One of the expected output of these projects for the program is to promote eff
iciency resulting to increase the yield or reduce cost on rice farming productio
ns.In this study, value analysis is used to measure the value addition in every
stage of production and processing of rice pertaining to the ratio of price of p
roduct on each stage over the cost of producing the product. It is also used to
measure technological impacts by measuring effect of changes to value. Furthermo
re, Value analysis serves as a tool in identifying areas for improvement in redu
cing cost associated. This study will generate value analysis using the informat
ion available on Countrystat. The study focuses on the efficient use of informat
ion by means of transforming the available information into a useful analysis. B
y building a database program for value analysis of the rice production, the pro
cess can be easily done for future analysis and on accessing previous years. It
is hypothesized by the researcher that through value analysis, the technological
advances on different regions of the country are said to be equally distributed
and value on a particular location progresses through time.
1.2 Significance of the Study The data alone on websites are very useful to most
research analysis and it is said to look for its potential use. The data availa
ble on CountryStat, mainly from agricultural surveys are integrated with other s
tatistical information gathered by other agencies like NSO, DOLE, etc. Its facts
and figure provides information for public use

4
for references and for other purposes it may serve. These are statistical indica
tors that are essential in making generalization on agricultural or economic per
formance and developments. However, these indicators that may appear to have sin
gle or few implications can be manipulated and transformed into more useful info
rmation. The database program will serve as the storage database program for the
se new set of information. Value analysis is a tool for researchers identify are
as for improvement in the process since the production is divided into three sta
ges. It will efficiently illustrate effect of changes, any increase or decrease,
on value by identifying the changes in cost such as innovation in technology, e
ffective use of pesticide, improvement on irrigation etc. The division into stag
es will also help identify the stage where rice has its highest and lowest value
. The second output of the program involves the analysis of stakeholders contribu
tion of cost which significantly indicates who burdens costs of production. In t
his aspect, policy makers can concentrate creating government programs or tools
helping them reduce or redistribute costs. Also with the help of the application
, update for future analysis can be easily done by updating the data on the data
base. Objectives of the Study The general objective of this study is to create a
n application that can be used in the value analysis of rice production and proc
essing for the Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultuaral Statistics: Sp
ecifically the study aims: 1. To create the user-friendly application using Macr
omedia Dreamweaver 8.0 that will organize, evaluate, present and store informati
on.

5
2. To make use of existing information available on countrystat.bas.gov.ph and N
FA, transform these into a new useful or more meaningful information using value
analysis. 3. Present and interpret the value progression of rice in each stage
of rice production and processing. 4. To show distribution of costs on stakehold
ers on each stage of rice production and processing.
The applications functions and objectives: 1. Has user-friendly interface to easi
ly explore and use the application. 2. Integrates, organize and store data for f
uture use. 3. Allows computation for the value of rice per stage of rice product
ion and its average. 4. Present summary of information in the form of graphs and
tables. 5. Allows to store information in a database and to access for download
copy.
1.3 Scope and Limitations of the Study The study covers documentation and observ
ation of processess of rice production particularly the wet,drying and milling s
tage. The data used are limited to the available data on Countrystat. These info
rmation are based from the previous and most recent survey conducted by BAS. The
set of data from the Cost and Returns of sub national section of the Countrysta
t database. They were from 2009 up to 2012. The costs are based from the average
annual production of wet and dry harvesting season. Although

6
different crops are available from Countrystat, only rice was taken consideratio
n. The application covers the sub-national crop production which enables the use
r to select area from regional level. The commercial rice represents the type of
grain as a whole and was taken consideration in the study. The type of costs ta
ken consideration in the rice production depends on the classification made from
BAS surveys. This restrain the available use data. Farmgate price, farmgate pri
ce of dried palay and regular milled rice were the prices used for wet, dried an
d milled stage respectively. Other costs such as trading, drying and milling are
derived from National Food Authorithy website. 1.4 Time and Place of the Study
Most of the researches took place at University of the Philippines Los Baos, Lagu
na and 1184 Ben-Lor Bldg Quezon Avenue, Quezon City where the Bureau of Agricult
ural Statistics office is located. Programming and report writing were done at t
he researchers residence at Valenzuela City, Metro Manila. The duration of the st
udy is from August to February 2014. Schedule of activities are shown at Table 1
. Table 1. Gantt Chart of Activities

7
1.5 Statement of the Problem In spite of several efforts of the government for r
ice development programs in the country, mostly few regions and areas only acces
s this opportunity. Since the long term goal of the Agri-Pinoy program of the De
partment of Agriculture is to uphold domestic farming of rice in order to have s
ufficiency all over the country addressing poverty, food security and economic s
tability, it is necessary to measure distribution of these technologies and prog
rams. The information available on Countrystat are significant because of their
potential use for further research and deeper analysis. Most, if not all, users
need to access these information in order to make important conclusions for the
purpose of research. The data are the one already available on different governm
ent agencies which mostly are accessible and are open to the public through webs
ites. This information is categorized into Secondary type of data or the data th
at are previously collected. In this study, the researcher aims to efficiently u
se this available information by manipulation and transforming these into more u
seful information and providing another perspective on analysing value of rice.
Through value analysis, a set of information already available such as price and
posts are used to make valuable interpretation and conclusion. Building an appl
ication also enables the user to make value analysis easier and better.

8
2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1
Rice cultivation
Rice (Oryza Santiva L.) belongs to the family Gramineae or simply family of gras
s, some of which cereals and sugar cane belong to. The word rice has modified fr
om its original word Erus to rice, riz and reis. Later on, it evolved on several
terms in which it was based on stages of growth and the different preparation.
Example, growing rice plant, rough rice, hand-pounded rice and milled white rice
has different terms but which simply refers to rice (Grist, 1959).In the Philip
pines, the earliest evidence of rice cultivation can be observed in the terraces
of the Ifugao. The rice farming in the Philippines has been practiced ever sinc
e as it became the main source of food diet of an average Filipino as it is rich
in protein and a good energy source (Juliano,1993).Now, rice industry has the t
op crop production at 20% compared to corn with only 6% of all crop (countrystat
,2014). The rice programs for the development for rice sustainability has been c
ountinuously propagated all over the country. The complete list of the specific
interventions provided by the Agri-Pinoy Rice Program is shown at Appendix A (DA
,2014). According to The Philipines Recommends For Rice Postproduction Operation
s 2001, the process flow of rice production after harvesting depends whether it
is for commercial or farm level consumption.Farm level refers to production that
does not reach the distribution due to consumption of own rice produced. The di
agram shows the difference between farm level and commercial postproduction. The
commercial level

9
consists of traders, additional storage and marketing. In this study, the assump
tion was commercial level of production was used. Farm level
harvesting Field drying harvesting
Commercial level
Field drying
stacking/piling hgg
stacking/piling g
threshing
drying
threshing
Paddy storage milling
Procurement of traders Paddy storage milling
drying
consumption
Rice storage
marketing
Figure 2.1.1 Farm-level vs commercial level postproduction of rice
2.2
Value Analysis
Value analysis or value engineering was first used at General Electronic by an e
ngineer named, Lawrence Miles during 1947. During World War II, there were limit
ed resources on supply and manpower and alternatives were found to reduce cost o
n production. The said technique was developed into a more systematic process ca
lled value analysis (Rich,2000). Value, defined as the ratio of the price market
is willing to pay for the product and the total cost of production, is used as
the key indicator of rice progression. It is a

10
quantitative measure to show the ratio between cost and price. This implies that
the higher the measure of value, the better. The two major objectives of value
analysis is (1) to improve value by sustaining or improving performance attribut
es and (2) to eliminate unnecessary or reducing overall costs (Project Developme
nt Procedures Manual,2002). Its approach is understanding its constituent compon
ents and their associated costs. Value analysis can be applied to a product or p
rocess. The product or process may be broken down into components, which can be
associated with the functions they support (Tidd,2005). The value of the product
or process then may be increased by improving or replacing individual component
s. This also applies to the whole item being analyzed, which may be completely r
eplaced with a more functional or lower cost solution. In this study, the functi
on of the product is represented by the price of rice in the market. Since the p
rice of rice must be ideally low for consumers, reducing cost is the only option
in increasing value. Choosing alternatives of grain used or improvement on farm
ing methods are some of the possible means of making significant decrease in cos
t. In the Agri-Pinoy Rice program, effectiveness of project are aimed to measure
d through value analysis. The process of rice production is divided into the thr
ee stages to help evaluate progression of value throughout the process. Identify
ing the stage with lower value will help it identify areas for possible improvem
ent.Value analysis ratio gives a more meaningful indicator in terms of economic
purposes. Throughout time, value can indicate economic performance of rice produ
ction.

11
2.3 CountrySTAT The Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) is a staff bureau un
der the Department of Agriculture (DA) and serves as the source of official stat
istics on agriculture. BAS is the major and the focal agency for agricultural st
atistics.Its data systems and procedures are governed by standards and such othe
r rules or norms set in the Philippine Statistical Sector. The other major playe
rs are the National Statistics Office (NSO) which is in charge of conducting the
Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF) and other censuses and surveys as wel
l as foreign trade compilation of which agriculturebased data are accessed by BA
S and the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) which serves as the coo
rdinating and policy making body of the PSS.
The CountrySTAT ,with the http address countrystat.bas.gov.ph, is a web-based sy
stem that integrates national food and agricultural statistical information aimi
ng the harmonization of national data and metadata collections for analysis and
policy making. The CountrySTAT Philippines is established by the Philippine Stat
istical System (PSS) through the Philippine Statistical Association (PSA). In li
ne with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) s pro
ject "Strengthening the National Statistical Systems of Selected Countries in th
e Asian and Pacific Region", a Letter of Agreement stated that FAO would provide
the necessary funds to support CountrySTAT. The databases in the CountrySTAT Ph
ilippines are organized according to two major domains: CountrySTAT Core and Cou
ntrySTAT Sub-national. The CountrySTAT core data consist of national data shared
with FAOSTAT database while the subnational

12
data are detatiled information on sub-national level. This arrangement of Countr
ySTAT Core and Subnational data provide end-users to navigate through the databa
ses from either geographic or thematic paths. The database and statistical table
s posted in the CountrySTAT are backed up by metadata. The CountrySTAT Philippin
es have statistical data series surrounded by statistical metadata patterned to
FAOSTAT s framework. This also serve as a complementary system to FAOSTAT where
its outputs are designed to load easily into FAOSTAT. This information flow help
s FAOSTAT s capacity to provide high quality statistical data at the internation
al level. It also promotes exchanges of data within countries, between countries
and between FAO and countries. As envisioned in the development of this system,
data from the CountrySTAT, will be uploaded into FAOSTAT. As such, country cont
ributions to international agriculture and food statistics will arrive from only
one source. The CountrySTAT will initiate quality control steps at the country
level as part of the FAOSTAT data quality monitoring and evaluation system. The
benefits derived from improved national statistical systems will be conveyed to
FAOSTAT in the form of high quality data contributions from the countries.

13
3. 0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 Conceptual/Operational Framework of the Study The study focuses on establish
ing a system that will help in making Value Analysis of rice production using th
e available data from countrystat.bas.gov.ph. The variables considered in buildi
ng the system consists of man, method and environment. It is shown at Figure 3.2
below.
Man End User Other Government Agencies
Database Accessible Database Simplified and Userfriendly interface
Method Programing Value Analysis
Environment Information Source
Figure 3.1.1 Conceptual Framework of the Study

14
The application which is a database program enables easier presentation of an en
ergy audit, provides accessibility of Value Analysis and storage of data. The ap
plication also aims to provide a user-friendly environment for functional use. I
n terms of man that is involved in the study, the end user is an important facto
r because the program is designed for his efficient use. Other government agenci
es that provides information to Countrystat also falls under this variable since
they are considered sources of information. Under the method is the process of
value analysis. This involves computation and analysis of necessary data. The va
lue analysis function of the program is the core of the study. The study covers
a lot of programing which is also a vital part of the study. It is important to
always check that the program provides correct analysis and results are valid. I
n the variable Environment, information source is considered as a factor since t
he data that are used in the study are restrained to what is available on Countr
ystat. The scope of the study which is from production to pre-distribution phase
is divided into three stages. These stages are divided accordingly to the phase
of the product as it progress such as (1) wet, (2) dried and (3) milled rice. T
able 3.1.1 shown below summarizes the expected output of the study. Table 3.1.1
Expected Output of the study Stages of Rice Wet Output 1 Output 2 Dried Value an
alysis Percentage distribution of cost to stakeholders Milled

15
On each stage, there are three types of output. First output is where the progre
ssion of value throughout the production is shown. Second output shows the perce
ntage distribution of costs to each stakeholder involved in each stage. In this
function of the program, the contribution of costs of the stakeholder is clearly
identified. The third output shows the percentage distribution of energy used o
n the overall production and the itemized amount of energy involved. Moreover, t
he study involves key factors that is essential in building the database program
. This also shows the requirements and tools, processes, outcome and effect of t
he study on a wider perspective. Figure 3.1.2 below shows the key factors of the
study.
Figure 3.1.2 Key Factors of the Study These key factors to be considered in the
study are categorized into four: 1) input, 2) throughput, 3) output and 4) impac
t. The input includes the necessary tools that will be used in the study. Second
ary data from the website countrystat.bas.gov.ph are the main requirements for t
he analysis to be done. Sufficient knowledge in programming and value analysis a
re also needed to build the application. Under the Throughput factors are the pr
ocesses to be done in the study. Reengineering process involves improving the da
ta flow of information designed for updating the application and functionality f
or the end user. Creating the application which mostly involves programming is a
vital part of

16
building the application. The Output factor comprises the Value Analysis results
from the application. The study is also expected to produce efficient use of da
ta. Under the Impact factor, the study is expected to produce beneficial studies
to agricultural sector and encourage other data manipulation studies based on a
vailable government information.
3.2 Re-Engineering Procedure Since the data to be used in the study are already
available at countrystat.gov.ph the process of integration of information would
be done with the help of an application. Coordination with Bureau of Agricultura
l Statistics was conducted to obtain data needed for the study. Availability of
information from each agencies are noted. These data includes costs, prices, sta
tistics and other valuable information for both data gathering and background in
formation of the study. Interviews and site observation are also conducted. Coun
trystat.bas.gov.ph, the official website of Bureau of Agricultural Statistics wa
s visited and thoroughly observed. It was also observed what programming languag
e was used on the website in order to find the compatible language to be used fo
r the application for the future integration. When the programming language is s
elected and all information are set, the application is ready to be built. Inter
faces were made and their respective codes. Data allocation are placed and organ
ized in the database program. All the necessary data from Countrystat were downl
oaded and stored in the application. The application is basically involves the l
og-in, search for records, value computation and a summary of results. The activ
ity of the user are stored in the localhost that serves as the database of the p
rogram.

17
Different processes or stages that are involved in rice production are identifie
d and used in the program to show the progression of value within a time period
of a certain location. Data flow diagrams are also used to illustrate how inform
ation is transformed and stored. Debug and Test run of application was conducted
. The efficiency of the application is measured by the test run conducted. Case
by case scenarios are applied and results were shown. Validity of the results ar
e highly considered. These trials are also conducted to identify the limitations
of the application. The flexibility of the application was also examined to see
its adaptability to be functional for future alterations. Lastly, maintenance o
f the database application was set. The application should be administered regul
arly to make sure data are updated. A set of instructions and reminders about th
e program was made.
3.3 Definition of Terms The following terms and definitions are used in the stud
y: Consumers- acquire goods or services for direct use or consumption and not fo
r manufacture or resale. Database - an organized body of related information Far
mers those who are the responsible for planting and cultivation of rice Farmgate
price - price of the product at which it is sold by the farm Information - a co
llection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn Input suppliers are those
who provide resources needed for rice production Land Owner rightful owner of th
e land used in farming

18
Metadata - data about the data Millers those who provide the milling service for
rice Price - the amount paid in exchange for the commodity or service. Traders
- are those who buy and sell goods or commodities. Value is the ratio of price t
he martket is willing to pay over the cost of production Value analysis function
-oriented, structured, multi-disciplinary team approach to solving problems or i
dentifying improvements Concepts and definitions used in the Countrystat report:
A. Cash Costs are those which direct cash outlays are incurred such as hired la
bor, fertilizers and chemicals etc. Seeds/planting materials all types of seeds p
urchased and paid in cash by the farmer. Fertilizer all grades/types of fertiliz
ers purchased and paid in cash by the farmer.. Pesticides all types of yield-pro
tecting form of chemicals purchased and paid in cash by the farmer. Hired labor
service rendered by man or animal or machine or any combination with man-labor w
hich are paid in cash. Irrigation fee payment in cash for irrigation services ut
ilized. Rentals payment in cash for the use of land, machine, animals and tools
and equipment, and other farm machineries. Fuel and oil payment in cash for the
purchase of gasoline, diesel, oil, grease or kerosene needed for the farming ope
ration.

19
Transport costs of inputs- expenditures incurred in transporting farm inputs to
the production sites. Land tax- amount of tax paid by the owner-operator for the
farm land. Food expenses- cash expenditures incurred in providing food to farm
laborers. Repairs- costs incurred for all minor repairs and improvements made on
the farm investments. Interest payment on crop loan- payment for the interest o
n borrowed capital used in the farm production. B. Non-Cash Costs expenditure it
ems which are paid in kind. Valuation is based on the prevailing prices in the c
ommunity. Generally, these non-cash costs represent the portion of the farmers pr
oduction that serve as payments to particular factors of production. Seeds/plant
ing materials all types of seeds/planting material used and are home-produced or
part of the production. Landlords share portion of farmers production that goes to
the owner of farmland (based on the agreed sharing arrangement). Harvester/Thre
shers share portion of farmers production that serves as payment to farm laborers
who perform the harvesting and threshing activities. Hired labor paid in kind po
rtion of farmers production that goes to farm laborers as payment for services re
ndered in the farm.

20
Irrigation fee In kind portion of farmers production that goes to payment for irr
igation services utilized. Rentals portion of farmers production that serves as p
ayment for the use of machines, tools and equipment, and other related inputs. C
. Imputed Costs do not involve actual outlays in cash or in kind; they represent
the costs using own resources in a particular activity and are given by the val
ues of the best alternative uses forgone. Operator/family labor imputed wages as
payment to labor contributed by the operator and/or family members. Mandays of l
abor are valued at prevailing wage rate in the locality. (Applies also for excha
nge labor) Exchange labor- (bayanihan), work done by farm laborers as payment to
the work done by the farm operator/household members outside his own farm. Depr
eciation cost of wear and tear of farm tools and equipment, machinery and other
farm facilities and structures. The straight-line method is used in computing fo
r depreciation where the cost of acquisition is divided by the estimated life sp
an of the farm equipment. Interest on operating capital cost of capital foregone
for the purchase of seeds, fertilizers, chemicals and payment of wages for hire
d labor; this is derived by multiplying the total cash outlays by the prevailing
lending rates. Rental value of owned land the rental value of land being cultiv
ated for a specific crop, which concerns owner-operator only. If the farmer cann
ot

21
provide the amount, valuation is done using values/prices existing in the area.
D. Total Cost refers to the sum of cash costs, non cash costs and imputed costs.
E. Fixed costs are those costs which remain the same regardless of the volume o
f production. Examples are land tax, lease rentals, interest payment on crop loa
n, depreciation and rental value of owned land.
3.3 Definition of Symbols Data Flow Diagram Symbols Data flow
external agent
process step by step instructions
data store or database

22
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Rice Cultivation Process Flow The process of cult
ivation of rice according to the stages of rice production used in the study is
shown at Figure 4.1.1. The process and its description are simplified according
to the use in the study that gives general background about each process.
Figure 4.1.1 Process Flow of Rice Cultivation The wet stage consists covers the
land preparation, irrigation, crop establishment, transplanting, weeding, pest m
anagement and fertilizer application. The first three stages can interchange or
be done simultaneously. While preparing the land, rice seedlings can be prepared
at the nursery until it reached a suitable stage of development before it is tr
ansplanted into a paddy field. Land is usually plow or dug. Plowing or tilling t
he land in the Philippines is either done by a machine or with the help of a far
m animal. The paddy filed is tilled into fine mud by removing all weeds and brea
king lumps of soil. In establishing the crop, seeds are soaked in water overnigh
t and cooled for about two days for germination. Then the germinated seed are se
t in the nursery. The seedlings are about

23
two to three inches in height in a weeks time. Seedlings can be transplanted afte
r forty days or earlier if it is fully developed (Grist, D.H., 1959). As land pr
eparation and crop establishment are usually done at the same time, plowed land
may be left for three or four weeks but can be plowed again before transplanting
due to weeds. Seedlings are tied into bundles in preparation for transplanting
them into the paddy field. Two to six seedlings are thrust into the mud at dista
nce of about twelve inches. After transplanting, weeding is usually the next pro
cess that occurs. It is usually done by hand when weeds are still young and root
s are still short. Some weed killers are applied while seeds are still germinati
ng. The process of weeding and pest management depends on the type of weed or pe
st that is encountered in the area. Leaf bugs, stem borers, beetles, worms are t
he most common pests in the field. Aside from these, birds, rats and snails grea
tly affect the yield of rice if not prevented at early stage. Different insectic
ides are applied to kill these kinds of pests. Generally, fertilizer is applied
to increase the yield of paddy. It makes nutrient such as Nitrogen, Phosporus, P
otassium iron, manganese, zinc and copper available to the rice plant. Deficienc
y on a specific nutrient conveys specific signs of abnormality to the plant. App
lication of fertilizer between upland and low land rice differs due to soil cond
ition. It can be applied after the plant is transplanted into the field or durin
g at the nursery or at both times. The second stage which is the dried stage, re
fers to the process of harvesting, threshing and drying of rice. Harvesting are
usually done using a sickle or with handknives. Threshing are done to separate t
he grains from the straw. The wet palay are then

24
dried either by means of heat of sun or through machine dryer. Drying is necessa
ry to remove moisture and prolong its shelf life for storage. The milled stage c
onsists of processes of storage and milling. If not yet to be used for consumpti
on, it is then transported into a warehouse for storage. Milling of rice is done
to separate the rice husk from the grains. The milled rice is considered as the
final product. Figure 4.1.2 shows the complete diagram of stages,stakeholders a
nd product used in the study.

25
Figure 4.1.2 Value chain of rice supply chain
RICE VALUE CHAIN WET Land owner Farmers Input Supplier Land Preparation Irrigati
on
Crop establishment
DRIED
MILLED
DISTRIBUTION Wholesaler Retailer Food Processors
Farmers Traders
Miller
Storage Drying Transport Storage
Storage Milling Transport
Distribution Processing Consumption
Transplanting Weeding Pest management
Fertilizer application
Harvesting Threshing
Wet Palay
Dried
Milled Rice
palay
4.2 Costs and stakeholders The different costs associated in the process of rice
production and post harvest is listed in Table 4.2.1. These costs are mostly ag
gregate costs disregarding the process

26
utilized. Costs are categorized into three parts: (1) Cash Costs, (2) Non-Cash C
osts and (3) Imputed Costs. Table 4.2.1 List of Costs CASH COSTS Seeds Fertilize
r Pesticides Hired labor Land tax Rentals Fuel & Oil Interest payment on crop lo
an Irrigation fee Food expense Repairs NON-CASH COSTS Seeds Fertilizer Pesticide
s Hired labor in kind Harvesters share Threshers share Shellers share Landowner
s share Rentals Interest payment on crop loan Irrigation fee IMPUTED COSTS Seed
s Fertilizer Pesticides Operator labor Family labor Exchange labor Depreciation
Interest on operating capital Rental value of owned land
The Costs are categorized into the three stage of rice production. This analysis
would help in identifying the stakeholders involved per cost. The table below s
ummarizes the costs per stakeholder involved. 4.2.2 List of Cost and Stakeholder
Stakeholder Land owner Farmer Cost Land Tax Hired Labor Rentals Interest paymen
t on crop loan Irrigation fee Food expense Repairs Harvesters share Stage Wet Wet
Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet

27
Input Supplier
Trader Miller
Threshers share Landowners share Operator labor Family Labor Exchange Labor Deprec
iation Interest on operating capital Rental value of owned land Seeds Fertilizer
Pesticide Drying cost Transport cost Milling cost
Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Wet Dried Dried Milled
Fixed costs are summarized at Table 4.2.5 which costs that are attributed to the
costs that are constant regardless of the volume of production.
Table 4.2.3 Fixed Costs Fixed Costs Repairs Interest payment on crop loan Deprec
iation Interest on operating capital Rental Value of Land Land Tax

28
Stakeholders considered in the study considers the participation from input supp
lier, processors, merchants before distributing the product into the market. To
summarize the stakeholders involved in each stage, Figure 4.2.3 shows the diagra
m.
4.2.3 Stakeholders on Stages of Rice Production On the wet stage, the stakeholde
rs involved are the basic source of input in cultivating the rice plant. The lan
downer plays the role of providing the land particularly paddy field as area for
planting. The terms of use of land depends on the agreement between the land ow
ner and the farmer. The input supplier acts as the source of material requiremen
ts, excluding labor, in growing the plant. The most important role in the proces
s in rice production is played by the farmer. He provides the labor through manp
ower or with the help of animal. He manages all the farming method needed for th
e plant thus all other costs are on his expense. The trader acts as the stakehol
der involved in dried stage. Upon buying the wet palay, the transportation of th
e product to a certain destination is shouldered by the trader. He also takes ca
re of drying to be ready for selling. On the milled stage, the miller is a stake
holder. He processes the product by removing the rice hull to be ready for distr
ibution and consumption. 4.3 Data Collection Procedure The data collection which
largely depends on the survey is comprised of stages of procedures. These are d
ivided into three stages namely the Pre-survey Operations, Survey Operations and
the Assessment/ Evaluation of the Project. The Figure of Project Cycle is

29
shown below. The Project Cycle Activities for Survey Operations are listed at Ap
pendix C. The Stage 1 begins at the planning and organization of materials neede
d for the study. Research and consultations are also made. At Stage II or the ac
tual Survey Operations, the dissemination of appropriate information about the p
roject is relayed up to Provincial Operation Centers. Data Collection is then do
ne at the field then afterwards filed for editing and coding. The Data are then
encoded into the computer and is ready for submission to the Central Office. The
data are once again checked at the Central Office. The data are organized into
output tables and are reviewed for analysis. A final report regarding the projec
t would be done to be submitted for reproduction. The last stage of the Survey o
perations for data collection is the assessment or evaluation of the whole proje
ct which will get feedback from the output or the activities during the operatio
n.

30
STAGE I Pre-Survey Operations
STAGE II Survey Operations
Planning and Organization
Provincial Operations Centers
Central Office
Field Data Collection
Submission of QRES & encoded data
1.Counterediting 2.Data Cleaning
Pre-Survey Consultations
Field Editing/ Coding
Generation of Output Tables
Computer Processing (Data Encoding)
Data Review and Analysis
Report Writing
Finalization/ Reproduction/ Submission & release of final report
STAGE III Assessment/Evaluation of the Project
Figure 4.3.1 The Project Cycle for Survey Operations
There are 16 Regional Operations Centers (ROCs) and 83 Provincial Operations Cen
ters (POCs) throughout the country. They serve as the agricultural information

31
resource centers at the regions and in the provinces, respectively. They are the
one in charge in the distribution and gathering of information on conducting su
rveys. TheROCs exercise technical and administrative supervision and coordinatio
n of all activities and personnel of the POCs in their respective areas of juris
diction; extend technical assistance to end-users at the regional level in acces
sing and analyzing agriculture and fishery information; and assume responsibilit
y for the maintenance of the NIN at the regional level, once it becomes operatio
nal.The POCs implement all statistical activities of the BAS; compile, organize
and maintain up-to-date data on agriculture and fisheries sectors for the provin
ce; assist local end-users in accessing and analyzing agriculture and fishery in
formation; and maintain the NIN at the provincial level, once it becomes operati
onal.
Integration of Data The Countrystats site administrator or webmaster, namely Mr.
Jing B. Jalisan, is responsible for the websites maintenance. The webmaster and h
is team manage the systems condition. However, each division is required to submi
t reports of updates on necessary facts and figures. The list of these divisions
are shown at Appendix C. The schedule of submission is given and deadline for p
osting can be viewed under Countrystats Calendar page. Each of the division has d
esignated data to be submitted on a deadline. The necessary data would be saved
in a Folder in the Shared Drive. These data would be consolidated by the Country
stat web team for review before posting.

32
Figure 4.4.2 Calendar Page of CountryStat 4.4 Database The application was progr
ammed using html tools Macromedia Dreamweaver 8.0 and myadminPhp. The interface
using the Dreamweaver enables to direct the user to a flow but still allows user
to freely navigate in the application. The database linked to the interface use
d myadminphp.The data are stored in the database is accessible only to the datab
ase personnel in which he can manages the data system. In case there is new info
rmation to be stored, he can update data by importing data into the dtabase. 4.4
.1 Data Flow Diagrams To illustrate the flow of information in the study, Data F
low Diagrams are used. In the Context Diagram shown at Figure 5.2.1, Countrystat
receives data from DA Offices and other government agencies. Different Division
of DA Offices are assigned to submit updates of facts and figures to the webmas
ter of Countrystat. Government agencies are also sent request for data whenever
necessary. National Statistics Office

33
(NSO), National Food Authority (NFA), Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)
are some of these few agencies. The End User, upon entering the website, can exp
lore and get information he needs. User can download the data in different forma
t such as Microsoft Excel, pdf or text file. On the other hand, the Energy Audit
Database requires the Cost and Returns of Rice Production to be able to achieve
Value Analysis Results.
Value Analysis Results
CRS for Rice Production
0 Value analysis database
End User
Countrystat
Request for Data
Request for Data
Other Costs NFA, Rice millers
Figure 4.4.1.1 Context Diagram of Countrystat and Value analysis Database
The Energy Audit Database consists mainly of three processes: (1) Log-In , (2) S
earching and Selection, and (3) Conversion and Computation. After these processe
s the new information which is the value analysis results is displayed and store
d into the database. The data flow is shown below at Figure 5.2.2.

34 Costs, Prices Value Analysis Results

Year, Location 1 Account info Log-in
2 Search
3 Computation And presentation
value Database
Value Analysis Results
Figure 4.4.1.2 Diagram 1 of Value analysis Database
Figure 4.4.1.2 illustrates the information flow involved at the Log-in process.
An account which should have a User name and Password is required to enter the p
rogram. Once given, the Log-In information such as the User name, Password and L
og-in Time and Date, would be stored in the Log-in Database for references of us
er. The user can also proceed to use the application. Upon entering the program,
the Search function provides the user to look for previous data or analysis at
a specific Location and Year. The application will look into previous records an
d if found, the Search Results will be displayed. If not, the user has the optio
n to make new Value Analysis. The diagram at Figure 4.4.1.3 shows the informatio
n process flow.

35 CRS costs,prices Location 2.1 Year Look in Database 2.2 Display partial resul
ts
Costs , prices
Figure 4.4.1.3 Child Diagram of Search
As shown at Figure 4.4.1.4, the value analysis function of the program comprises
computation of value using formula price over cost. The costs from Countrystat,
prices of rice are stored together. Once the user need a value analysis of a ce
rtain Location and Year, computation of value are done through the codes incript
ed at the program. Afterwards, the results would be displayed and stored into th
e database program.

36
CRS for Rice Production 3.1 Computation of value Value results
Price
Value Database 3.2 Display results in table and graph
Value results
Value results
Figure 4.4.1.4 Child Diagram of Conversion and Computation
4.5 Building the Application 4.5.1 System Requirements In order to build the app
lication, there are certain things to be considered. a. Software application Thi
s refers to the programming language appropriate to use in programming. In makin
g the interfaces, Macromedia Dreamweaver 8.0 was used. Localhost myphpadmin was
used for the database and my sql add-in for the link in importing data. b. Use o
f Computer The use of computer is necessary to do the programming and the actual
use of application. The study is dependent on the use of computer. Although not

37
necessarily advanced, the computer specifications must also be up to date. The a
pplication is compatible to Windows XP, or Windows 7.0 . 4.5.2 Maintenance of th
e System
The value analysis database is dependent on the information available on Country
stat. Therefore, updating the data particularly the prices and costs should alwa
ys be maintained. An exclusive access for the database personnel was made to be
able to easily update the information at the database. He should also be knowled
geable in SQL programming to be able to properly handle the system. He is in cha
rge of importing new files, editing and organizing data from time to time. 4.5.3
Interface and Functions
The value analysis database has user-friendly interfaces designed for end user.
The database personnel has also link to access and manage the database.

38
Figure 4.5.3.1 Log-In Interface

39
Figure 4.5.3.2 Create Account Interface

40
Figure 4.5.3.3 Value Analysis and Stakeholders Distribution of Cost Interface

41
Figure 4.5.3.4 Database Maintenance Interface

42
4.6 Computation and Analysis of Output As discussed previously, there are three
types of output presented in the program. The summary of formulas used for the f
irst output which is the computation of value is presented at the table below.
Table 4.6.1 Formula used for computation of value Stages of Rice
Wet Dried Milled

Given that: Cost of producing dried palay* = cost of buying wet palay + dried st
age cost Cost of Producing milled rice** = cost of buying dried palay + milled s
tage cost
The prices of wet, dried and milled rice are also sourced from countrystat. The
cost used in each stage is accumulated from the first stage. The cost of produci
ng dried palay is equivalent to cost of producing wet palay plus the additional
cost involved in the second stage. Same as the cost in producing milled rice is
the sum of the costs of wet and dried stage plus the milled stage costs. The sec
ond output which involves the stakeholders share of cost by presenting the percen
tage distribution. The computation is a simple percentage formula: % share = (St
akeholders total cost / Total stakeholders cost) x 100

43
Table 4.6.2 Percentage Share of stakeholders Stages of Rice
Wet Dried Milled

Landowners share

Traders share

Millers share

Farmers share Input supplier

4.6.1 Output of database progam Value Analysis At output 1 of the program, the v
alue analysis in form of table and graph is shown. The variables needed for the
computation of value are shown in a table such as total cost, cost per kilogram,
price and value.The graph shows the value progression of rice according to wet,
dried and milled stage. There are different data on each year and location, giv
ing each equivalent unique of value. These values are to be compared to show the
performance of rice. Different location may give different set of values, as th
e study wants to imply, pertaining to different allocation or use of technologic
al developments on rice production. Since the value is used as an indicator of e
ffectiveness of technological improvements made in a particular area, the differ
ence on values between two locations can imply whether allocation of these progr
ams are equally distributed throughout the country. As Agri-Pinoy Rice Program a
ims sefl-sufficiency in every region, value must be equal to those with high val
ue.

44
The majority of the cost are on the first stage of production. Compared to the t
hree different prices, the price of wet palay is usually the least. But since th
e formula is not aggregate cost, value on wet stage connot be generally said to
be the lowest. On the second stage, dried palay has a little increase in price a
nd addtional cost in drying and transport. At milled stage, the milling cost is
the only addition to the cost of buying dried palay. On each run of the program,
comparison can be made per location or per year. In this study, it is hypothesi
zed that the value of rice differs on each location. Given on a particular locat
ion but different year, the set of values on rice stages can be compared to show
whether there is improvement on a particular area as time progresses. The datab
ase program is set to show the difference in value that indicates improvement or
change in status of rice production.Sample run are made in order to test the hy
pothesis on both scenarios. First is whether the value on different locations in
the country are equal and secondly whether there is increase in value in a part
icular area implicating significant development. Stakeholders distribution of cos
t After identifying the stakeholders involved in the process, their share of cos
ts is shown in a table. Land owner, farmer, input supplier, traders and millers
are the stakeholders considered in the study. With this perspective, the user ca
n easily identify not only the costs but the people involved in the process. It
also shows the participation of stakeholders based on their percentage distribut
ion.Most of the burden of costs are within the farmers end while others have mini
mal yet plays impontant role. The policy makers can encorage projects benefiting
stakeholders most importantly the farmers.

45
5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Transforming data into a new set of information more
understandable for stakeholders and policymakers in order to make other use of d
ata. This will be beneficial not only to farmers but to all of the workers invol
ved in the rice industry and as well as the consumers. The effectiveness of impr
ovement of Agri Pinoy Rice Projects are measured through value analysis. The dat
abase program using the data from the CountryStat website are manipulated and tr
ansformed three output set of output namely (1) value analysis and (2) stakehold
ers distribution of cost. Using this application, the end user would be able to s
ee the use of statistical indicators in different perspective. These indicators
help identify critical points in the process that are areas for improvement. Com
parison of set of values from different location and year also gives different p
erspective
6.0 RECOMMENDATION The database program provides effiecient way of using informa
tion that are already available on government agencies. These are beneficial not
only to researchers but to stakeholders and policy makers such as Deaprtment of
Agriculture by analyzing their erformance in the production system. The fuction
ality and interfaces of the program is set for easy use but nonetheless function
al.

46
7.0 AREAS FOR FURTHER STUDIES There are several areas that can be furthered stud
y having the same intention of using available data into new set of data. Other
crops may be considered as subject using the same analysis made in the applicati
on. Other studies regarding data manipulation are expected to arise in the futur
e. Although the application is built as a separate program, but this can be link
to the Countrystat website for further studies. This will be easier for others
to view and will help make further evaluation.

47
8.0 REFERENCES
Benaning, M. Searca study on per-capita consumption of rice crucial in food-suff
iciency drive. March 5,2014. Retrieved from http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/ind
ex.php/en/business/agri-commodities/12215searca-study-on-per-capita-consumptionof-rice-crucial-in-food-sufficiency-drive.
Efferson, John Norman. (1952). The Production and Marketing of Rice. New Orleans
, Louisiana: Simmons Press
Grist, D.H., (1959). Rice (3rd ed). Great Britain: Western Printing Services Ltd
Bristol
Juliano, B. (1993). Rice in Human Nutrition., Biochemistry Unit Plant Breeding,
Genetics and Biochem Division. International Rice Research Institute.
Project Development Procedures Manual. Chapter19 Value analysis. Draft. Division
of Design, Office of special Projects, California Department of Transportation,
Sacramento, Sep. 2002. 32pp.
Rich,N. , Holweg, M, Value engineering value analysis. 2000 Lean Enterprise Rese
arch Centre Cardi f f , U n i ted Kingdom
The Philipines Recommends For Rice Postproduction Operations. Phils Recommends

48
Series No 63-A, PCCARD, BPRE, PARRF. Los Baos Laguna. 2001, 189 p.
Tidd,J. and Bessant, J.(2005) Managing Innovation.
Web tool helps raise rice yield and income. Nov 27 2013. Retrieved from www.irri
.org.

49
9.0 APPENDICES APPENDIX A Specific interventions provided by the Agri-Pinoy Rice
Program are as follows: A. Production support

Production of Breeder Seeds of Inbred and Nucleus/Breeder Seeds of Hybrid Parent

als Basic Breeder Seed Production Seed Production of varieties for climate chang
e adaptation/mitigation; Including varieties that are submergence-tolerant, drou
ght-tolerant/early maturing, salinetolerant, and cool-elevated Upland Rice Produ
ction Development Establishment of Community Seed Banks; including rehabilitatio
n and establishment, distribution of simple seed processing equipment; and local
ly adopted starter seeds Support to RIARC Development and Activation, including
production and distribution of registered seeds, and purification and multiplica
tion of traditional and locally adopted varieties Disaster Response like buffer
seed stocking and provision of insurance coverage Establishment of pest outbreak
control measures like bactericides, insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, and
light traps Cloud seeding operations on vulnerable regions Distribution of fert
ilizers for rationing Establishment of agro-meteorological (agro-met) stations p
er major rice district Establishment and maintenance of Multi-Purpose Bio-Organi
c Fertilizer Plants Conduct of pest and diseases surveillance/SEWS in clustered
areas to determine and prevent pest occurrence; and strengthening of pest survei
llance teams Establishment of community-based bio-control agent laboratories, in
cluding upgrading of technical capabilities of bio-control laboratories Promotio
n of nutrient management tools as aid in formulation of SSNM options and varieti
es Support to soil laboratories and establishment of mobile soil clinics Distrib
ution of farm and fishery production-related machinery and equipment such as: Ri
ce Drum Seeders, Rice Transplanters, Mini four-wheel drive tractors, Rice Hull C
arbonizers, and Hand Tractors
B. Irrigation Development Services
Support to activities of the National Irrigation Administration, an attached age
ncy of the Department of Agriculture, in restoration, rehabilitation, and genera
tion activities of irrigation systems and their service areas.

50
Provision of Small Scale Irrigation Projects in rice cluster areas to ensure tha
t major waterways are functional to achieve high irrigation efficiency Operating
, monitoring, and evaluation of irrigable areas or service areas expanded throug
h restoration, rehabilitation, and construction of Small Water Impounding Projec
ts, Diversion Dams, and Small Farm Reservoirs
C. Other Infrastructure and Postharvest Development Services

Distribution of postharvest equipment and machinery, such as net/laminated sacks

, construction and rehabilitation of flatbed dryers, mechanical dryers, bag clos
ers/baggers, threshers, combine harvesters, rice cutter/harvesters, shredders, m
oisture meters Construction and rehabilitation of palay sheds and warehouses, an
d multi-purpose drying pavements, Construction and operationalization of Rice Pr
ocessing Complexes, and villagetype grain postharvest processing centers, Provis
ion, rehabilitation and retrofitting of biomass furnace to existing recirculatin
g dryers Validation of farm-to-market roads (FMRs)
D. Market Development Services

Market Promotion and Development, consisting of the establishment of Seed Tradin

g Centers and e-Trading centers, and holding of agri-business investment clinics
, market matching, and trade fairs Generation, periodic updating and disseminati
on of regional rice statistics and market information such as inflow and outflow
, demand and supply, palay and milled rice prices, basic rice statistics (effect
ive rice area, area planted & harvested, production, yield per hectare, sufficie
ncy), input suppliers, millers, etc., supply chain and cost structure analysis,
price monitoring, and updating of cost structure, stakeholders directory, market
profiles, and rice value-added products Establishing linkages with public and p
rivate financial institutions, NGOs, and agri-business entities
E. Extension Support, Education and Training Services

Conduct of trainings and training-related events for farmers such as technology

transfers, schools-on-the air, Farmers Field Day, sustainable agriculture pract
ices, Palay Check, Palayamanan, and other social mobilization activities Conduct
of technology demonstrations (Techno-Demo) such as varietal TD, compact hybrid/
cluster, community-based MRC, LSTD, abiotic stress environments, etc.

51

Promotion and showcase of environment-friendly technologies adaptable to organic

production Technology commercialization for ratooned rice, upland, submergence,
and saline rice varieties Technology updating and re-tooling of agricultural ex
tension workers (AEWs) and farmer technicians by conducting specialized training
s Provision of logistical support to LGU Extension Workers and para-technicians,
Organization and strengthening of Irrigators Associations (IAs) and farmers or
ganizations by forming and mobilizing clusters and conducting technical briefing
s Engages in intensive information dissemination campaigns by distributing IEC m
aterials such as newsletters, posters, brochures, handouts, flipcharts, billboar
ds and streamers; print, radio and television campaigns; information caravans; s
chools-on-the-air, and other related activities.
F. Research and Development Services

Adopts research and development activities on new rice technologies, such as res
earcher and farmer-managed adaptability trials for new hybrids and inbred certif
ied seeds; screening, selection and commercialization of special rice varieties
like organic and biotic-stress resistant; assessment and validation of soil fert
ility of rice clusters for organic rice production; Promotion and adoption of te
chnology on controlled irrigation, irrigated and rainfed rice systems Collection
of germplasm for indigenous vegetables, rootcrops, and native staples in suppor
t to Integrated Farming Systems " Conduct of climate change mitigation and verif
ication studies Research and provision of assistance on the commercialization of
organic fertilizers Upgrading of research facilities Support to the research an
d development programs of the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) Spec
ific policy-oriented activities of the Agri-Pinoy Rice Program include:
Policy review and technical updates;
Generation of nationwide rice statistics from national surveys and other statist
ical activities; planning and monitoring of program activities and interventions
; Conduct of quarterly program reviews from provincial and regional data; Holdin
g of coordination meetings with stakeholders; Conduct of regular operational and
program monitoring and evaluation activities to determine program implementatio
n and delivery of services; Support to the establishment of a National Rice Coun
cil;

52
And support to regional rice action teams.
APPENDIX B I 1.
Project Cycle Activities for Survey Operations
Pre-planning Preparation of Project Proposal a. Review and evaluation of previou
s survey activity b. Drafting of a new plan 2. Approval of the proposal II Plann
ing and Organization 1. Creation of Implementation Team including a teambuiding
activity 2. Preparation of Survey Deasign and Instruments 3. Pre-survey consulta
tions Consultation/Training: RASOs/PASOs (during NM CM) 4. Preparation of Dummy
Tables and Specifications 5. Pre-Test of Survey Forms and Manuals 6. Finalizatio
n of Survey Forms and Manuals 7. Development of Computer Processing Programs for
the following: a. Data Entry b. Data Processing c. Error-listing/Validation d.
Microdata file 8. Testing of Computer Processing Programs at the Central Office
9. Finalization of Computer Processing Programs III Field Trainings and Workshop
1. Conduct of trainings (Final ManOps. Editing Guidelines. Computer Proceeding)
a. 1st level training: C. O. Trainers Training b. . 2nd level Training: POC staf
f and CDCs IV Field Survey Operations 1. Field data collection to include spot-c
hecking and back-checking activities 2. Editing/Coding of Survey 3. Computer Pro
cessing 4. Submission to C.O. a. Sort copy of data files b. Edited Questionnaire
s V Generalization of output tables 1. Counter-editing, cleaning and updating of
encoded data files 2. Test-run 3. Table generation VI Data review and Analysis
1. Data tables 2. Household level review VII Report writing

53
VIII IX X
Presentation of report Finalization, reproduction and submission of reports Prep
aration of Technical Documentation Report
APPENDIX C List of BAS Divisions a. Agricultural Accounts and Statistical Indica
tors Division (AASID) AASID is incharge of the development and maintenance of sta
tistical frameworks that will enhance the preparation of an integrated system of
agricultural and fisheries statistics and the generation of socio-economic stat
istics in the agriculture and fisheries sector. b. Crops Statistics Division (CS
D) CSD is responsible for the organization, review and analysis of crop producti
on and production-related data as well as the timely release of crop statistics.
c. Livestock and Poultry Statistics Division (LPSD) LPSD is responsible for the
organization, review and analysis of livestock and poultry production data as w
ell as the timely release of livestock and poultry statistics. d. Fisheries Stat
istics Division (FSD) FSD is responsible for the organization, review and analys
is of fisheries production data as well as the timely release of fisheries stati
stics. e. Agricultural Marketing Statistics Analysis Division (AMSAD) AMSAD is r
esponsible for the organization, review and analysis of agricultural marketing a
nd market-related data, as well as the timely release of agricultural marketing
statistics. f. Statistical Methods and Research Division (SMRD) SMRD is responsi
ble for research and development and implementation of statistical methods to su
pport the needs of the technical divisions by developing and improving survey de
signs and instruments, maintaining up-to-date sampling frames, planning and prog
ramming all survey operations, and developing and maintaining statistical standa
rds and classification systems. g. Statistical Operations Coordination Division
(SOCD) SOCD is responsible for the promotion of an effective and efficient opera
tionalization and administration of the different statistical activities. h. Inf
ormation and Communications Technology Division (ICTD) ICTD is responsible for t
he planning, implementation and maintenance of IT services to all organic units
of BAS and for the packaging, publication and release of statistical reports and
other related information on the agriculture and fisheries sectors. It will als
o assume the tasks of providing data for the DA s National Information Network,
once it becomes operational. APPENDIX D Structured English Process 1.0 Log-In

54
DO Ask for User Information (User Name, Password) Check for existing account If
User has Account Enter the Program Else Create New account END Process 2.0 Searc
hing and Selection DO Ask for Search Information ( Location, Year ) Locate exist
ing analysis If Located Display Value Analyis Results Else Display File not Foun
d. END Process 3.0 Computation DO Compute for Value Value = Price / Cost (Value A
nalysis Results, Price, Cost) Display Total Cost, Cost per Kilo, Price, Value Di
splay Graph Compute for Stakeholders cost Share % = (Stakeholders share / Total st
akeholders share) x 100 Display Table of stakeholders cost END Process 4.0 Creatin
g New account DO Ask for necessary Information (Name, Password, email , age, Occ
upation, purpose) Save information END
APPENDIX E. Codes