Melo, Monica Tan

Metronidazole
Drug Data

Generic Name
Metronidazole

Classification

Pharmacologi
c Class:

Trade Name
Flagyl, Metric 21,
Noritade
Patients Dose
Metronidazole
500mg 1 tab TID PO
Minimum Dose
PO : 250mg TID
IV : 100mg /mL
Maximum Dose
PO : 750 mg TID 610days
IV : 100mg/mL
Contents
Metronidazole
Availability
Capsules: 375 mg
Injection: 5mg/mL
Oral suspension:
200mg/5ml
Tablets:
200mg,250mg,400
mg,500mg
Topical gel: 0.75
%,1 %
Routes of
administration
PO, IV, Topical

Nitroimidazol
e

Therapeutic
Class:

Antibacterial
Antiprotozoal

Mechanism of Action

Pharmacokinetics
Onset:
PO: uknown IV:
immediate
Topical: unknown
Peak :
PO: 1-2 hrs IV:
immediate
Topical: 6-10hrs
Duration:
PO, IV, Topical:
unknown
Therapeutic Effects:
Hinders growth of
selected organisms,
including most
anaerobic bacteria
and protozoa
Drug Half Life

Indication

General
Indications
>amebic hepatic
abscess
>intestinal
amebiasis
>trichomoniasis
>retractory
trichomoniasis
>bacterial
infection caused
by anaerobic
microorganisms
>to prevent
postoperative
infection in
contaminated
colorectal surgery
>pelvic
inflammatory
disease

Pregnancy
Risk
Category:

Contraindications

Contraindications
>hypersensitivity
>hypersensitivity to
parabens
>first trimester of
pregnancy

Precautions
>history of blood
dyscrasias; seizures or
neurologic problems
>severe hepatic
impairment
>pregnancy, lactation and
children

CNS: seizures,
dizziness,
headache
EENT:
Tearing(topical
only)
GI: abdominal
pain, anorexia,
nausea and
vomiting,
diarrhea, dry
mouth, glossitis
Derm: rashes,
urticarial, mild
dryness, skin
irritation
Hemat:
leukopenia

Drug interactions
>cimetidine
>phenobarbital
>warfarin
>disulfiram
>fluorouracil

Adverse Reactions

Local: Phlebitis at
Iv site
Neuro: peripheral
neuropathy
Misc:
superinfection

Nursing Responsibilities

Before
>assess pts. Infection
>watch carefully for edema because
it may cause sodium retention
>assess skin for severity areas of
local adverse reactions
>record number and character of
stools
>assess pts and familys knowledge
of drug therapy
During
>give drug with meals to minimize
GI distress
>to treat trichomoniasis, give drug
for 7days instead of 2-g single dose
>use only after T.vaginalis has been
confirmed by wet smear
>tablets may be crushed for pts.
with difficult swallowing
>do not use aluminium needles or
hubs, color will turn orange/rust
After
>tell pt. that metallic taste and dark
or red brown urine may occur
>instruct pt. to take oral form with
meals to minimize reactions
>instruct to complete full course of
therapy
>tell pt. not to use alcohol or drugs
that contain alcohol.
>may cause dizziness/ light
headedness