Appendix

I.

CONVERSION FACTORS [32]

A. Heat, Work, and Power

1 British thermal unit (Btu)

1 Btu/lb

1 Btu/ft 3

1 Btu/ft 2

1 Btu/ft 2, F

1 Btu/hr, ft 2, F/ft

1 Btu/hr, ft 2, F/in.
1 therm

1 calorie

1 cal/kg

1 cal/m 3

1 cal/m 2

1 cal/m 2, C

1 cal/hr, m 2, C/m

1 ft-lb

1 kilogrammeter (kg-m)

778.26 ft-lb
107.6 kg-m
0.2520 cal
0.556 cal/kg
8.90 cal/m 3
2.712 cal/m 2
4.88 cal/m 2, C
1.488 cal/hr, m 2, C/m
0.1240 cal/hr, m 2, C/m
100,000 Btu
3,088 ft-lb
427 kg-m
3.968 Btu
1.8 Btu/lb
0.1124 Btu/ft 3
0.3687 Btu/ft 2
0.2048 Btu/ft 2, F
0.672 Btu/hr, ft 2, F/ft
8.06 Btu/hr, ft 2, F/in.
0.1383 kgm
7.23 ft-lb
327

328

Appendix

1 kilowatt (kW)

1 horsepower (hp)

1 metric hp

1 kilowatt hour (kWh)

1
1
1
1
1

hp-hr
metric hp-hr
lb/hp-hr
kg/metric hp-hr
boiler hp

100% boiler rating

B.

738 ft-lb/sec
102 kg-m/sec
1.341 hp
1.360 metric hp
33,000 ft-lb/min
550 ft-lb/sec
76.04 kg-m/sec
0.746 kW
1.014 metric hp
32,550 ft-p/min
542 ft-lb/sec
75 kg-m/sec
0.735 kW
0.986 hp
3,412.75 Btu (3413)
860 cal
2545.1 Btu (2545)
632 cal
0.447 kg/metric hp-hr
2.235 lb/ hp-hr
10 ft 2 of boiler heating surface
34.5 lb/hr evaporated from and at 212F
3,348 Btu (i.e., 3.45 lb evaporation from and at
212F)/ft 2 heating surface/hr

Weight [32]

1 US long ton

1 US short ton

1 pound (lb)

1 ounce (oz)

1 grain

1 lb/ft

1 metric ton

2240 lb
1,016 kg
2000 lb
907 kg
16 oz
7,000 grains
0.454 kg
0.0625 lb
28.35 g
64.8 mg
0.0023 oz
1.488 kg/m
1000 kg
0.984 long ton
1.102 U.S. short tons
2205 lb

Appendix

1 kg
1g

1 kg/m

329

1,000 g
2.205 lb
1000 mg
0.03527 oz
15.43 grains
0.672 lb/ft

C. Density
1
1
1
1

ft 3 /lb
lb/ft 3
grain/ft 3
grain/U. S. gal

1 m 3 /kg
1 kg/m 3
1 g/m 3
1 g/L
1 kg/m 3
1 g/m 3

0.0624 m 3 /kg
16.02 kg/m 3
2.288 g/m 3
17.11 g/m 3
17.11 mg/Liter
16.02 ft 3 /lb
0.0624 lb/ft 3
0.437 grain/ft 3
0.0584 grain/U. S. gal
58.4 grain/U. S. gal
1 g/L
1 part/thousand
1 mg/L
1 part per million

D. Length and Area [32]

1 statute mile

1 yard (yd)
1 foot (ft)
1 inch (in.)
100 ft/min
1 mile 2
1 acre
1 yd 2
1 ft 2

1,760 yards (yd)

5,280 ft
1.609 km
3 ft
0.914 m
12 in.
30.48 cm
25.40 mm
0.508 m/sec
640 acres
259 hectares (ha)
4,840 yd
0.4047 ha
9 ft 2
0.836 m 2
144 in. 2
0.0929 m 2

330

1 nautical mile/hr
1 kilometer (km)

1 meter (m)

1 micron (m)

1 m/sec

1 km 2

1 hectare (ha)

1 m2

1 cm 2

1 in. 2
1 nautical mile

Appendix

6.45 cm 2
6,080 ft
1.853 km
1 knot
1000 m
0.621 statute miles
100 cm
1,000 mm
1.094 yd
3.281 ft
39.37 in.
0.001 mm
0.000039 in.
196.9 ft/min
100 ha
0.3861 mile 2
10,000 m 2
2.471 acres
10,000 cm 2
1.196 yd 2
10.76 ft 2
100 mm 2
0.1550 in. 2

Appendix

E.

U. S. Customary System

1.

Units of Volume
Multiply by

To obtain

inch 3
inch 3
inch 3
gallon
gallon
gallon
gallon
gallon
gallon
foot 3
foot 3

0.00433
0.000579
0.0000214
231
0.1337
0.00495
0.00000307
0.0238
0.8327
1728
7.48

gallon
feet 3
yard 3
inch 3
feet 3
yard 3
acre:feet
barrel (oil)
imperial gallon
inch 3
gallon

Multiply by

To obtain

feet 3
feet 3
yard 3
yard 3
yard 3

0.0370
0.0000230
46,656
202
27

yard 3
acre:feet
inch 3
gallon
feet 3

acre:feet
barrel (oil)
imperial gallon
acre:feet

325,800
42
1.2
43,560

gallon
gallon
gallon
feet 3

Unit

331

Unit

332

2.

Volume: Flow Rates

Unit
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /second

To obtain

60
3600
7.48

feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /hour
gallon/
second
gallon/minute
gallon/hour
gallon/day
acre:feet/day
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /hour
gallon/
second
gallon/minute
gallon/hour
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /minute
gallon/
second
gallon/minute
gallon/hour
feet 3 /second

feet 3 /second
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /minute

448.8
26,930
646,317
1,983
0.01667
60
0.1247

feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /hour
feet 3 /hour
feet 3 /hour

7.48
448.8
0.0002778
0.01667
0.002078

feet 3 /hour
feet 3 /hour
gallon/second

0.1247
7.48
0.1337

Unit

Multiply by

To obtain

gallon/second
gallon/second
gallon/second

8.022
481.3
60

feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /hour
gallon/minute

gallon/second
gallon/minute
gallon/minute
gallon/minute
gallon/minute
gallon/minute
gallon/minute

3600
0.00223
0.1337
8.022
0.01667
60
499.925

gallon/hour
feet 3 /second
feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /hour
gallon/second
gallon/hour
pound/hour*

gallon/hour
gallon/hour
gallon/hour
gallon/hour
gallon/hour

0.0000371
0.00223
0.1337
0.0002778
0.01667

feet 3 /second
feet 3 /minute
feet 3 /hour
gallon/second
gallon/minute

barrel/minute (oil)
barrel/day (oil)
acre:feet/day
(*Water at 68F)

42
0.0292
0.5042

gallon/minute
gallon/minute
feet 3 /second

Appendix

Multiply by

Pressure Units

Unit
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
inches of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet of water
feet (any liquid)

To Obtain

0.0833
0.0736
0.5776
82.98
0.03602
5.1869
0.0025
2.4910
0.2491
0.0025
12
0.8832
995.8
6.936
0.4322
62.24
0.02989
29.89
2.989
0.0305
0.4322 specific gravity

feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/sq.inch
ounces/ft 2
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/ft 2
bar
millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2
inches of water
inches of mercury
ounces/ft 2
ounces/in. 2
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/ft 2
bar
millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2
pound/in. 2 (psi)

13.57
1.131

inches of water
feet of water

Multiply by

Unit

To obtain

ounces/in 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2
ounces/in. 2

0.0625
1.73
0.144
0.127
0.00431
4.309
0.4309
0.0044

pounds/in. 2 (psi)
inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
bar
millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2

ounces/ft 2
ounces/ft 2
ounces/ft 2
ounces/ft 2
ounces/ft 2

0.01205
0.001004
0.000887
0.000434
0.0625

inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/ft 2

pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/in. 2
pound/in. 2
pound/in. 2
pound/in. 2
pound/in. 2
pound/in. 2

(psi)
(psi)
(psi)
(psi)
(psi)
(psi)

27.762
2.314
2.314/sp. gravity
2.043
16
230.4
144
0.06802
0.06895

inches of water
feet of water
feet (any liquid)
inches of mercury
ounces/in. 2
ounces/ft 2
pound/ft 2
atmosphere
bar

333

inches of mercury
inches of mercury

Multiply by

Appendix

3.

inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
inches of mercury
atmosphere

Multiply by
7.858
1128
0.4894
70.47
0.03342
0.03386
33.86
3.386
0.03453
29.92

Unit
2

Multiply by

To obtain

ounces/in.
ounces/ft 2
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/ft 2
atmosphere
bar
millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2
inches of mercury

pound/in. (psi)
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/in. 2 (psi)

68.95
6.895
0.0703

millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2

pound/ft 2
pound/ft 2
pound/ft 2
pound/ft 2
pound/ft 2
atmosphere

0.1928
0.01607
0.01419
16
0.00694
14.7

inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/ft 2
pound/in. 2 (psi)
pound/in. 2 (psi)

pounds/in. 2
inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/in. 2
millibar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2
pounds/in 2
inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/in. 2
bar
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2

kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilopascals
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2
kilograms/cm 2

0.1450
4.015
0.3345
0.2953
2.32
0.01
10
0.0102
14.22
393.7
32.81
28.96
227.5
0.9807
980.7
98.07

pounds/in. 2
inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/in. 2
bar
millibar
kilograms/cm 2
pounds/in. 2
inches of water
feet of water
inches of mercury
ounces/in. 2
bar
millibar
kilopascals

Appendix

Note: U. S. units use water and mercury at 68F.

bar
14.50
bar
401.15
bar
33.45
bar
29.53
bar
232
bar
1000
bar
100
bar
1.020
millibar
0.0145
millibar
0.4015
millibar
0.03345
millibar
0.02953
millibar
0.232
millibar
0.001
millibar
0.100
millibar
0.00102

To Obtain

334

Unit

Appendix

335

II. SELECTED ADDITIONAL CONVERSION FACTORS [32]

A. Temperature, Measured
degree Fahrenheit (F)

degree Celsius (C)

degree Rankin (R)

degree Kelvin (K)

(temperature Celsius 1.8) 32

temperature Rankin 459.67
1.8 (temperature Kelvin 273.16) 32
(temperature Fahrenheit 32) 5/9
temperature Kelvin 273.16
5/9 (temperature Rankin) 273.16
459.67 temperature Fahrenheit
(1.8 temperature Celsius) 491.69
1.8 temperature Kelvin
(temperature Fahrenheit 32) 5/9 273.16
273.16 temperature Celsius
5/9 temperature Rankin

B. Water at Maximum Density, 39.2F (4.0C)

1
1
1
1
1

cubic foot (ft 3)

cubic meter (m 3)
pound (lb)
liter (L)
kilogram/cubic meter (kg/m 3)

1 gram/cubic meter (g/m 3)

62.4 pounds (lbs)

1,000 kilogram
0.01602 cubic feet (ft 3)
1.0 kilogram (kg)
1 gram/liter (g/L)
1 part per thousand
1 part per million (ppm)

C. Thermal Conductivity
1 Btu ft/ft 2 hr F
1
1
1
1
1

Btu in./ft 2 hr F
Btu/ft/ft 2 hr F

Btu in./ft 2 hr F
W/m K

cal cm/cm 2 sec C

1.730 W/m K
1.488 kcal/m hr K
0.1442 W/m K
0.004139 cal cm/cm 2 sec C
0.0003445 cal cm/cm 2 sec C
0.5778 Btu ft/ft 2 hr F
6.934 Btu in./ft 2 hr F
241.9 Btu ft/ft 2 hr F
2903 Btu in./ft 2 hr F
418.7 W/m K

336

Appendix

III. MISCELLANEOUS CONVERSION FACTORS

A.

Weights and Measures in 1947 [15]

1.

Troy Weight

1 carat
3.086 grains (200 mg)
24 grains
1 pennyweight (pwt)
20 pennyweight (pwt) 1 ounce (oz)
12 ounces (oz.)
1 pound (373.24 grams)
(used for weighing gold, silver, and jewels)
2.

Apothecaries Weight

20 grains 1 scruple
3 scruples 1 dram
8 drams 1 ounce
12 ounces 1 pound (373.24 grams)
(the ounce and pound in this are the same as in Troy weight)
3.

Avoirdupois Weight

27 11/32 grains
16 drams
16 ounces
25 pounds
4 quarters
4.

1
1
1
1
1

dram
ounce
pound
quarter
hundredweight (cwt)

Dry Measure

2 pints
8 quarts
4 pecks
36 bushels
5.

1
1
1
1

quart
peck
bushel
chaldron

Liquid Measure

4 gills
2 pints
4 quarts
31.5 gallon
2 barrels
42 gallons

1
1
1
1
1
1

pint
quart
gallon
barrel
hogshead
barrel (petroleum)

Appendix

337

6. Cloth Measure
2.25 inches 1 nail
4 nails
1 quarter
4 quarters 1 yard
7. Mariners Measure
6 feet
120 fathoms
7.5 cable lengths
6,080.27 feet

1
1
1
1

fathom
cable length
mile
nautical mile

8. Miscellaneous
3 inches
4 inches
9 inches
18 inches
1 rick (wood)
2 ricks (wood)

1 palm
1 hand
1 span
1 cubit
64 ft 3
1 cord (wood) (128 ft 3)

338

IV.

Properties of Air

Degrees F

Volume, in ft 3,
of 1 lb of dry air
vapor to
saturate it

11.58
12.39
12.59
12.84
13.15
13.35
13.60
13.86
14.11
14.62
15.13
15.64
16.16
16.67
16.86
16.91
17.11
17.61
18.12
18.62

11.59
12.47
12.70
13.00
13.40
13.69
14.09
14.55
15.08
16.52
18.84
23.09
33.04
77.24

Weight, in lb,
of 1 ft 3, of dry
air at atm.
pressure of
14.7 psi
0.086331
0.080728
0.079439
0.077884
0.076097
0.074950
0.073565
0.072230
0.070942
0.068500
0.066221
0.064088
0.062090
0.060210
0.059313
0.059131
0.058442
0.056774
0.055200
0.053710

Weight, in lb of
saturated
vapor per ft 3

Weight of saturated
vapor, lb per lb
of dry air

0.000067
0.000303
0.000410
0.000588
0.000887
0.001153
0.001580
0.002137
0.002855
0.004920
0.008130
0.012940
0.019910
0.029720

0.000781
0.003782
0.005202
0.007640
0.011880
0.015780
0.022260
0.031090
0.043050
0.081300
0.153200
0.298700
0.657700
2.295300

Appendix

0
32
40
50
62
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
210
212
220
240
260
280

Volume, in ft 3,
of 1 lb dry air at
atm. pressure of
14.7 psi

19.12
19.62
20.13
20.63
21.13
21.63
22.26
22.89
23.52
24.15
24.77
25.40
26.03
26.66
27.91
29.17
30.43
31.68
32.94
34.20
35.45
36.81
49.37
61.94
74.56
87.13

0.052297
0.050959
0.049686
0.048476
0.047323
0.046223
0.044920
0.043686
0.042520
0.041414
0.040364
0.039365
0.038415
0.037500
0.035822
0.034280
0.032810
0.031561
0.030358
0.029242
0.028206
0.027180
0.020295
0.016172
0.013441
0.011499

Appendix

300
320
340
360
380
400
425
450
475
500
525
550
575
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Source: Ref. 15.

339

340

V.

Quick Reference Tables

A.

Weights of Carbon Steel Plates in Fractional Thicknesses

(For thickness over 1 in., multiply inches times bottom line and then add fractional inch.)
Thickness
Fractions of an Inch
Decimals of
an inch

16
Sixteenths

1
2
3

10
Tenths

8
Eighths

4
Fourths

1
4
5
6

3
2

7
8
9

2
3

10
11
12

5
6

2
Halves

Weight
lb/ft 2

lb/in. 2

1.275
2.550
3.825
4.080
5.100
6.375
7.650
8.160
8.925
10.200
11.475
12.240
12.750
14.025
15.300

0.008854
0.017708
0.026563
0.028333
0.035417
0.044271
0.053125
0.056667
0.061979
0.070833
0.079688
0.085000
0.088542
0.097396
0.106250

Appendix

0.03125
0.06250
0.09375
0.10000
0.12500
0.15625
0.18750
0.20000
0.21875
0.25000
0.28125
0.30000
0.31250
0.34375
0.37500

32
Thirtyseconds

4
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

7
8

9
6

20
21
22

10

11
7

23
24
25

12

8
26
27
28

13
14

7
9

29
30
31
32

15
16

10

16.320
16.575
17.850
19.125
20.400
21.675
22.950
24.225
24.480
25.500
26.775
28.050
28.560
29.325
30.600
31.875
32.640
33.150
34.425
35.700
36.720
36.975
38.250
39.525
40.800

0.113333
0.115104
0.123958
0.132813
0.141667
0.150521
0.159375
0.168229
0.170000
0.177083
0.185938
0.194792
0.198333
0.203646
0.212500
0.221354
0.226667
0.230208
0.239063
0.247917
0.255000
0.256771
0.265625
0.274479
0.283333

Appendix

0.40000
0.40625
0.43750
0.46875
0.50000
0.53125
0.56250
0.59375
0.60000
0.62500
0.65625
0.68750
0.70000
0.71875
0.75000
0.78125
0.80000
0.81250
0.84375
0.87500
0.90000
0.90625
0.93750
0.96875
1.00000

341

342

B.

Weight of Carbon Steel Bars per Foot of Length

Round

1/16
5/64
3/32
7/64
1/8
9/64
5/32
11/64
3/16
13/64
7/32
15/64
1/4
17/64
9/32
19/64
5/16
11/32
23/64
3/8
25/64
13/32
27/64
7/16

0.010
0.016
0.023
0.032
0.042
0.053
0.065
0.079
0.094
0.109
0.128
0.147
0.167
0.189
0.211
0.235
0.261
0.316
0.345
0.376
0.405
0.441
0.476
0.511

Square

Hex

0.053

0.050

0.083

0.070

0.120

0.104

0.163

0.141

0.213

0.184

0.269

0.233

0.332
0.402

0.288
0.348

0.478

0.414

0.651

0.564

Size
(in.)

Round

Square

Hex

1
1 1/16
1 1/8
1 3/16
1 1/4
1 5/16
1 3/8
1 7/16
1 1/2
1 9/16
1 5/8
1 11/16
1 3/4
1 13/18
1 7/8
1 15/16

2.670
3.010
3.380
3.770
4.170
4.600
5.050
5.520
6.010
6.520
7.050
7.600
8.180
8.770
9.390
10.020

3.400
3.840
4.300
4.800
5.310
5.860
6.430
7.030
7.650
8.300
8.980
9.680
10.410
11.170
11.950
12.760

2.940
3.320
3.730
4.150
4.600
5.070
5.570
6.090
6.630
7.180
7.780
8.390
9.010
9.670
10.350
11.050

2
2 1/16
2 1/8
2 3/16
2 1/4
2 5/16
2 3/8

10.68
11.36
12.06
12.78
13.52
14.28
15.06

13.60
14.46
15.35
16.27
17.21
18.18
19.18

11.78
12.52
13.30
14.09
14.91
15.74
16.61

Size
(in.)

Round

Square

Hex

4
4
4
4
4
4
4

4
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8

42.73
45.44
48.23
51.11
54.08
57.12
60.25
63.46

54.40
57.85
61.41
65.08
68.85
72.73
76.71
80.80

47.11
50.09
53.18
56.35
59.63
62.97
66.42
69.97

5
5
5
5
5
5
5

5
1/8
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
7/8

66.76
70.14
73.60
77.15
80.78
84.49
88.29
92.17

85.00
89.30
93.71
98.23
102.85
107.58
112.41
117.35

73.60
77.33
81.14
85.05
89.06

6
6 1/4
6 1/2
6 3/4

96.13
104.31
112.82
121.67

122.40
132.81
143.65
154.91

130.85

166.60

97.34
101.61
105.98

Appendix

Size
(in.)

0.587
0.627
0.668
0.710
0.754
0.845
0.893
0.942
0.992
1.040
1.100
1.150
1.260
1.380
1.440
1.500
1.570
1.630
1.700
1.760
1.900
2.040
2.190
2.350
2.510

0.850

0.740

1.080

0.930

1.200
1.330

2 7/16
2 1/2
2 9/16
2 5/8
2 11/16
2 3/4
2 13/16
2 7/8
2 15/16

15.87
16.69
17.53
18.40
19.29
20.19
21.13
22.07
23.04

20.20
21.25
22.33
23.43
24.56
25.71
26.90
28.10
29.34

17.49
18.40
19.33
20.29
21.26
22.27
23.29
24.34
25.40

3
3 1/16
3 1/8
3 3/16
3 1/4
3 5/16
3 3/8
3 7/16
3 1/2
3 9/16
3 5/8
3 11/16
3 3/4
3 13/16
3 7/8
3 15/16

24.03
25.05
26.08
27.13
28.21
29.30
30.42
31.55
32.71
33.89
35.09
36.31
37.55
38.81
40.10
41.40

30.60

26.50

33.20

28.75

35.91

31.10

38.73

33.54

41.65

36.07

44.68

38.69

47.81

41.41

51.05

44.21

1.150

1.610

1.390

1.910

1.660

2.240

1.940

2.600

2.250

2.990

2.590

7 1/2

150.21

191.25

8
8 1/2

170.90
192.90

217.60
245.65

9
9 1/2

216.30
241.00

275.40
306.85

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

267.04
323.11
384.53
451.29
523.39
600.83
683.61
771.73
865.20
964.00
1068.10
1177.60
1292.50
1412.60
1538.10
1669.00

340.00
411.40
489.60
574.60
666.40
765.00
870.40
982.60
1101.60
1227.40
1360.00
1499.40
1645.60
1798.60
1958.40
2125.00

Appendix

15/32
31/64
1/2
33/64
17/32
9/16
37/64
19/32
39/64
5/8
41/64
21/32
11/16
23/32
47/64
3/4
49/64
25/32
51/64
13/16
27/32
7/8
29/32
15/16
31/32

Source: Steel Plates. Bethlehem Steel Co., 1948.

343

VI.

Volume of Cylinders

0.7854
1.2272
1.7672
2.4053
3.1416
3.9761
4.9088
5.9396
7.0686
8.2958
9.6212
11.0447
12.5664
14.1863
15.9044
17.7206
19.6350
21.6476
23.7584
25.9673
28.2744
30.6797
33.1832
35.7848
38.4846
41.2826
44.1788
47.1731
50.2656
53.4563
56.7452
60.1322
63.6174
67.2008
70.8824
74.6621

0.0034
0.0053
0.0077
0.0104
0.0136
0.0172
0.0213
0.0257
0.0306
0.0359
0.0417
0.0478
0.0544
0.0614
0.0689
0.0767
0.0850
0.0937
0.1029
0.1124
0.1224
0.1328
0.1437
0.1549
0.1666
0.1787
0.1913
0.2042
0.2176
0.2314
0.2457
0.2603
0.2754
0.2909
0.3069
0.3232

0.0283
0.0443
0.0638
0.0868
0.1133
0.1434
0.1771
0.2143
0.2550
0.2993
0.3471
0.3985
0.4534
0.5118
0.5738
0.6393
0.7084
0.7810
0.8572
0.9368
1.0201
1.1069
1.1972
1.2910
1.3884
1.4894
1.5939
1.7019
1.8135
1.9286
2.0472
2.1694
2.2952
2.4245
2.5573
2.6937

Inside
diameter
(in.)

Volume
(in. 3 /in.
cylinder
length)

11.00
11.25
11.50
11.75
12.00
12.25
12.50
12.75
13.00
13.25
13.50
13.75
14.00
14.25
14.50
14.75
15.00
15.25
15.50
15.75
16.00
16.25
16.50
16.75
17.00
17.25
17.50
17.75
18.00
18.25
18.50
18.75
19.00
19.25
19.50
19.75

95.0334
99.4022
103.8692
108.4343
113.0976
117.8591
122.7188
127.6766
132.7326
137.8868
143.1392
148.4897
153.9384
159.4853
165.1304
170.8736
176.7150
182.6546
188.6924
194.8283
201.0624
207.3947
213.8252
220.3538
226.9806
233.7056
240.5288
247.4501
254.4696
261.5873
268.8032
276.1172
283.5294
291.0398
298.6484
306.3551

Volume Weight of water/

in (gal/in.
in. of cylinder
cylinder
length at 60F.
length)
(8.334 lb/gal) (lb)
0.4114
0.4303
0.4497
0.4694
0.4896
0.5102
0.5313
0.5527
0.5746
0.5969
0.6197
0.6428
0.6664
0.6904
0.7149
0.7397
0.7650
0.7907
0.8169
0.8434
0.8704
0.8978
0.9257
0.9539
0.9826
1.0117
1.0413
1.0712
1.1016
1.1324
1.1637
1.1953
1.2274
1.2599
1.2929
1.3262

3.4286
3.5862
3.7474
3.9121
4.0803
4.2521
4.4274
4.6063
4.7887
4.9747
5.1642
5.3572
5.5538
5.7539
5.9576
6.1648
6.3755
6.5898
6.8076
7.0290
7.2539
7.4824
7.7144
7.9499
8.1890
8.4316
8.6778
8.9275
9.1807
9.4375
9.6979
9.9617
10.2292
10.5001
10.7746
11.0527

Inside
diameter
(In.)

Volume
(in. 3 /in.
cylinder
length)

Volume
(gal/in.
cylinder
length)

22.00
22.50
23.00
23.50
24.00
24.50
25.00
25.50
26.00
26.50
27.00
27.50
28.00
28.50
29.00
29.50
30.00
30.50
31.00
31.50
32.00
32.50
33.00
33.50
34.00
34.50
35.00
35.50
36.00
36.50
37.00
37.50
38.00
38.50
39.00
39.50

380.1336
397.6088
415.4766
433.7372
452.3904
471.4364
490.8750
510.7064
530.9304
551.5472
572.5566
593.9588
615.7536
637.9412
660.5214
683.4944
706.8600
730.6184
754.7694
779.3132
804.2496
829.5788
855.3006
881.4152
907.9224
934.8224
962.1150
989.8004
1,017.88
1,046.35
1,075.21
1,104.47
1,134.12
1,164.16
1,194.59
1,225.42

1.6456
1.7213
1.7986
1.8777
1.9584
2.0409
2.1250
2.2109
2.2984
2.3877
2.4786
2.5713
2.6656
2.7617
2.8594
2.9589
3.0600
3.1629
3.2674
3.3737
3.4816
3.5913
3.7026
3.8157
3.9304
4.0469
4.1650
4.2849
4.4064
4.5297
4.6546
4.7813
4.9096
5.0397
5.1714
5.3049

Weight of water/
in. of cylinder
length at 60F.
(8.334 lb/gal) (lb)
13.7144
14.3449
14.9895
15.6483
16.3213
17.0084
17.7098
18.4252
19.1549
19.8987
20.6567
21.4288
22.2151
23.0156
23.8302
24.6591
25.5020
26.3592
27.2305
28.1160
29.0157
29.9295
30.8575
31.7996
32.7560
33.7264
34.7111
35.7099
36.7229
37.7501
38.7914
39.8469
40.9166
42.004
43.0984
44.2106

Appendix

1.00
1.25
1.60
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.25
5.50
5.75
6.00
6.25
6.50
6.75
7.00
7.25
7.50
7.75
8.00
8.25
8.50
8.75
9.00
9.25
9.50
9.75

Volume
Volume Weight of water/
in. of cylinder
(in. 3 /in. of (gal/in. of
cylinder
cylinder
length at 60F.
length)
length)
(8.334 lb/gal) (lb)

344

Inside
diameter
(In.)

0.3400
0.3572
0.3749
0.3929
6.1413
6.2866
6.4337
6.5824
6.7329
6.8850
7.0389
7.1944
7.3517
7.5106
7.6713
7.8336
7.9977
8.1634
8.3309
8.5000
8.6709
8.8434
9.0177
9.1936
9.3713
9.5506
9.7317
9.9144
10.0989
10.2850
10.4729
10.6624
10.8537
11.0466
11.2413
11.4376
11.6357
11.8354
12.0369
12.2400
12.4449

2.8336
2.9770
3.1240
3.2745
51.1812
52.3925
53.6180
54.8577
56.1116
57.3796
58.6618
59.9581
61.2687
62.5933
63.9322
65.2852
66.6524
68.0338
69.4293
70.8390
72.2629
73.7009
75.1531
76.6195
78.1000
79.5947
81.1036
82.6266
84.1638
85.7152
87.2807
88.8604
90.4543
92.0624
93.6846
95.3210
96.9715
98.6362
100.3151
102.0082
103.7154

20.00
20.50
21.00
21.50
61.00
61.50
62.00
62.50
63.00
63.50
64.00
64.50
65.00
65.50
66.00
66.50
67.00
67.50
68.00
68.50
69.00
69.50
70.00
70.50
71.00
71.50
72.00
72.50
73.00
73.50
74.00
74.50
75.00
75.50
76.00
76.50
77.00
77.50
78.00
78.50
79.00

314.1600
330.0644
346.3614
363.0512
2,922.47
2,970.58
3,019.08
3,067.97
3,117.25
3,166.93
3,217.00
3,267.46
3,318.32
3,369.56
3,421.20
3,473.24
3,525.66
3,578.48
3,631.69
3,685.29
3,739.29
3,793.68
3,848.46
3,903.63
3,959.20
4,015.16
4,071.51
4,128.26
4,185.40
4,242.93
4,300.85
4,359.17
4,417.88
4,476.98
4,536.47
4,596.36
4,656.64
4,717.31
4,778.37
4,839.83
4,901.68

1.3600
1.4289
1.4994
1.5717
12.6514
12.8597
13.0696
13.2813
13.4946
13.7097
13.9264
14.1449
14.3650
14.5869
14.8104
15.0357
15.2626
15.4913
15.7216
15.9537
16.1874
16.4229
16.6600
16.8989
17.1394
17.3817
17.6256
17.8713
18.1186
18.3677
18.6184
18.8709
19.1250
19.3809
19.6384
19.8977
20.1586
20.4213
20.6856
20.9517
21.2194

11.3342
11.9080
12.4960
13.0981
105.4368
107.1723
108.9220
110.6859
112.4640
114.2562
116.0626
117.8832
119.7179
121.5668
123.4299
125.3071
127.1985
129.1041
131.0238
132.9577
134.9058
136.8680
138.8444
140.8350
142.8398
144.8587
146.8918
148.9390
151.0004
153.0760
155.1657
157.2697
159.3878
161.5200
163.6664
165.8270
168.0018
170.1907
172.3938
174.6111
176.8425

40.00
40.50
41.00
41.50
79.50
80.00
80.50
81.00
81.50
82.00
82.50
83.00
83.50
84.00
84.50
85.00
85.50
86.00
86.50
87.00
87.50
88.00
88.50
89.00
89.50
90.00
90.50
91.00
91.50
92.00
92.50
93.00
93.50
94.00
94.50
95.00
95.50
96.00
96.50
97.00

1,256.64
1,288.25
1,320.26
1,352.66
4,963.92
5,026.56
5,089.59
5,153.01
5,216.82
5,281.03
5,345.63
5,410.62
5,476.01
5,541.78
5,607.95
5,674.52
5,741.47
5,808.82
5,876.56
5,944.69
6,013.22
6,082.14
6,151.45
6,221.15
6,291.25
6,361.74
6,432.62
6,503.90
6,575.57
6,647.63
6,720.08
6,792.92
6,866.16
6,939.79
7,013.82
7,088.24
7,163.04
7,238.25
7,313.84
7,389.83

5.4400
5.5769
5.7154
5.8557
21.4889
21.7600
22.0329
22.3074
22.5837
22.8616
23.1413
23.4226
23.7057
23.9904
24.2769
24.5650
24.8549
25.1464
25.4397
25.7346
26.0313
26.3296
26.6297
26.9314
27.2349
27.5400
27.8469
28.1554
28.4657
28.7776
29.0913
29.4066
29.7237
30.0424
30.3629
30.6850
31.0089
31.3344
31.6617
31.9906

45.3370
46.4775
47.6321
48.8010
179.0881
181.3478
183.6218
185.9099
188.2121
190.5286
192.8592
195.2039
197.5629
199.9360
202.3233
204.7247
207.1403
209.5701
212.0140
214.4722
216.9444
219.4309
221.9315
224.4463
226.9752
229.5184
232.0756
234.6471
237.2327
239.8325
242.4465
245.0746
247.7169
250.3734
253.0440
255.7288
258.4278
261.1409
263.8682
266.6097

345

78.5400
82.5161
86.5904
90.7628
1,418.63
1,452.20
1,486.17
1,520.53
1,555.29
1,590.44
1,625.97
1,661.91
1,698.23
1,734.95
1,772.06
1,809.56
1,847.46
1,885.75
1,924.43
1,963.50
2,002.97
2,042.83
2,083.08
2,123.72
2,164.76
2,206.19
2,248.01
2,290.23
2,332.83
2,375.84
2,419.23
2,463.01
2,507.19
2,551.76
2,596.73
2,642.09
2,687.84
2,733.98
2,780.51
2,827.44
2,874.76

Appendix

10.00
10.25
10.50
10.75
42.50
43.00
43.50
44.00
44.50
45.00
45.50
46.00
46.50
47.00
47.50
48.00
48.50
49.00
49.50
50.00
50.50
51.00
51.50
52.00
52.50
53.00
53.50
54.00
54.50
55.00
55.50
56.00
56.50
57.00
57.50
58.00
58.50
59.00
59.50
60.00
60.50