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PLUMBING FUNDAMENTALS
The
WATER MAIN
SERVICE TAP
Pipe Tap Tool
Water Main
Corporation Cock
Saddle Clamp
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
Gooseneck Connection
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11
Supply Manifold
Butterfly Valve
Supply Manifold
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
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13
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15
Downfeed
Water
Distribution
System
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Pressure Tank
Pressure Sensing
Electric Switch
Pump
Hydropneumatic
Pressure
Boosting System
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Bladder
type
Pressure
Tank
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
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To House
20
Shower
Connection
Water Closet
Connection
Lavatory
Connection
Fixture Branch
Sink Connection
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22
Vacuum Breaker
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24
25
Polyethylene Water
Storage Tanks: For Hard
water, deep well system,
cisterns & other fluids.
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g.
h.
Inlet Pipe
Overflow
Drain Pipe
Outlet Pipe
Air Vent Pipe
Manholes &
Covers
Water Level
Indicator
Control Valves
Section of a Water Storage Tank
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP CEBU
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Float switch
Float Valve
TANK ACCESSORY
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FLOATING-ON-THE-LINE SYSTEM
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
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1.
2.
3.
6.
b. Type L
c. Type M
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5. Reducer
6. Bushing
7. Plug
8. Cap
9. Union
a. thread piece
b. center piece
c. shoulder piece
10. Flange
11. Extension Piece
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
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Union Patente
40
PTFE
(polytetrafluoroethylene)
Tape or TEFLON Tape
BUSHING
FLANGE
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Gibault Joint is a
coupling designed to
supply an efficient and
economical method for
PVC pipes. It is an ideal
way for re-connecting
pipes after removal of
the damaged PVC pipe
or for Connecting 2 pipe
into a pipeline.
PIPE JOINT
METHOD FOR
PVC PIPES
Compression Joint
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Polypropylene pipe
is used in many
industrial settings
due to its chemical
and thermal
resistance,
affordability, and
cost.
Use PPR PN 10 for
cold water piping.
Use PPR PN 20 for
hot & cold water
piping.
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Flexible PE Pipe
Compression Fittings
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The piping systems were used for underground water mains and
as interior water distribution piping.
While scientific evidence is scarce, it is believed that oxidants in
the public water supplies, such as chlorine, react with the
polybutylene piping and fittings causing them to scale and flake
and become brittle. Polybutylene water pipes are no longer
accepted by United States or Canadian building codes.
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Copper tubing is most often used for supply of hot and cold tap
water, and as refrigerant line in HVAC systems. There are two basic
types of copper tubing, soft copper and rigid copper. Copper
tubing is joined using flare connection, compression connection, or
solder. Copper offers a high level of resistance to corrosion, but is
becoming very costly.
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Cut
Ream
Light Torch
Clean
Solder
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Pipe Cutter
Flaring Tool
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COMPOSITE PIPES
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
62
Composite Pipe:
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Gate valve
Globe valve
Check valve
Angle valve
Ball valve /
Stop Cock
Faucet/Bibb
CONTROL VALVES
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
65
Gate Valve:
Globe Valve:
Globe Valve - A
valve in which the flow
of fluid is cut off by
means of a circular disc
that fits against the
horizontal valve seat.
66
Check Valve:
Angle Valve:
Angle
Valve A
device,
usually of
the globe
type, in
which the
inlet and
outlet are
at right
angles.
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
67
Ball Valve:
Faucet:
68
Butterfly Valve
Foot Valve
Pressure
Reducing Valve
Shower Valve
for Hot & Cold
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Pipe vise
Pipe cutter
Pipe reamer
Pipe stock and
die
Pipe tap
Pipe wrench
Monkey wrench
Strap Wrench
Chain
Wrench/Pipe
Tong
Basin Wrench
Open End Wrench
Adjustable
Wrench
Flaring Tool
71
PIPE WRENCHES:
Straight Pipe Wrench is used to screw
pipes into or out of their fittings.
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PIPE WRENCHES:
Adjustable Wrench is used the same as
that of a monkey wrench.
Chain Wrench
Chain Tong
Chain Wrench is used for turning
pipes usually with 150mm diameter and
larger.
73
PLUMBING TOOLS:
Pipe Extractors
make easy work of
removing broken
threaded ends of
pipe,NAMPAP
plugs &
Danilo V. Ravina,
CEBU
74
fittings.
PLUMBING TOOLS:
Pipe Cutter is used
for cutting G.I. pipe
or copper tubing
Pipe Stock & Die (Ratchet Threader
Type) is used to make external threads
on G.I. pipes.
Deburring Tools
and Inner Outer
Reamer
Automatic Threading Machine
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
75
OTHER GENERAL
PLUMBING TOOLS:
Angle Grinder
Cold Chisel
Electric Drill
Anvil
Steel Tape
Folding Rule
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
76
Hacksaw
Tin Snip
Level
Vise
V. Ravina,
PVC/ABS SawDanilo
CEBU
NAMPAP
77
Line Locator
Transmitter
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Hard Hat
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PLUMBING CODE
REQUIREMENT:
Upon completion of a
section or of the
entire hot & cold
water supply systems,
it shall be tested and
proved tight under a
water pressure not
less than the working
pressure under which
it is to be used plus
50% of not less than
15 minutes.
Sec. 501.2.6 NPC
RECOMMENDED:
1. Rough Piping Test
installation is
2.
subjected to a
hydrostatic test @ 862
kPa (125 psig)
minimum for a period
of 3 hours & should be
proved watertight without
any loss of pressure.
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Disinfection Methods
Disinfection of newly installed potable water supply
systems, including water supply tanks is required to
remove objectionable matters in order to correct an
unsanitary condition.
Procedure
All water supply connections should be disconnected,
plugged or effectively shut off to prevent any foreign
matter or contamination from entering the water supply
thereto.
Methods
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Stage 1:
Sediment Prefilter
Stage 2:
Stage 3:
Stage 4:
Granular Activated
Carbon Prefilter
Carbon Block
Prefilter
Reverse Osmosis*
Stage 5:
Carbon Postfilter
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Zeolite Resin
Water Softener
An apparatus which
chemically removes
the Calcium and
Plastic Lined Steel
Magnesium salts
Tank
from a water
supply, usually by
Immersed Sensor
ion exchange.
When water is
heated, carbonates
easily form from
the solution
resulting into hard
scale.
This scale can
reduce the heat
transfer & the net
cross sectional area
of the pipes, as well
as corrode the
equipment.
Water flow of Filtration Cycle
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP CEBU
Brine Tank
Refill System
with Float
Shut-off
WATER
SOFTENER
CYCLE
93
END OF PRESENTATION
Danilo V. Ravina, NAMPAP
CEBU
94