(Part 2)

Submitted to: Mam Memona Sadaf

Mehr baig
Zohaib ali
Bashar Ahmed
Abubakr Tasveer
Amer Waqas Bhatti
Azeem Ali Tariq Butt
BBA - H07/11/2016

Article 1.
Introduction:
The importance of energy cant be questioned when it comes to development of a nation. Energy
holds great significance for the progress of a country. Shortage of energy can be a hindrance for
national development. In the existing world the trend is taking a shift from understanding
international political behaviors towards understanding the combination of economic and
geographic factors relating to international trade.
Objectives:
Pakistan is facing huge power crisis, affecting its economic well-being badly. Energy deficit is
awful which has led to several industrial units shutdown
Methodology:
The research was conduct through survey on several government projects related to energy crisis.
Data:
The data derived or stated in this research is based on the survey conducted and it is accurate as
per the survey.
Conclusion:
Due to situation of the country unemployment rate is increasing. Oil is needed for the power
generation and in Pakistan it has only 20% oil of the original amount needed for the production.
Rest of the oil is imported from Gulf states and recently it has been reported that the oil demand
is expected to quadruple bu 2025. The situation has worsened to the extent that Pakistan has to
import energy as well in order to maintain standard of living of people and overcome the
problem. There is a shortage of more than 7000 megawatts. State owned enterprises, industrial,
transport and domestic sectors are bearing extraordinary losses due to this shortage. Energy crisis
is threatening to become bigger in the near future. If this situation persists Pakistan will face
serious trade shortage and price hike. Poor management, lack of R&D, untapped resources, lack
of accountability, poor economic and political policies some of the reasons behind this condition
of the country.
Recommendation:
Usage of electricity saving devices
Awareness campaign for energy saving
Reduction in unnecessary transportations by developing good public transport systems and
strengthening Pakistan railways

Article 2.
Introduction:
Energy is fundamental to the quality of our lives. Nowadays, we are totally dependent on an
abundant and uninterrupted supply of energy for living and working
Objectives:
Why energy crisis is becoming unbearable in Pakistan
Methodology:
This research was derived from the past project and past progress of the government the research
was secondary approach of the writer.
Data:
The Data given in this article is accurate as per the progress of the government.
Conclusion:
Considering prevailing energy crisis two imperative developmental projects have taken place
lately. One of the project is Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) deal which is a much needed
development at the moment. This deal has been signed between Qatar and Pakistan on Pakistans
PM recent visit to Qatar. According to the deal, Qatar would supply LNG worth $ I billion per
annum to Pakistan for 15 years, from 2016-2030. It is remarkable that the agreed price for gas is
much below the gas price negotiated for TurkmenistanAfghanistanPakistanIndia Pipeline
(TAPI) and The IranPakistan (IP) gas pipeline, also known as the Peace pipeline. Our PMs
very own visit to Qatar for this deal shows the determination and dedication towards resolving
power crisis. Presently more than 50% of the current total energy mix of Pakistan including
hydel power, fossil fuel, nuclear and renewableis based on natural gas. Pakistans constrained
demand for natural gas is 6000 MMCFD (Million Cubic Feet per Day)against a supply of 4000
MMFCD and the unconstrained demand was estimated to be 8000 MMFCD. Over the last ten
years production of gas in Pakistan has remained stagnant at 4000 MMFCD and the new gas
discoveries have barely kept pace due to natural exhaustion of oil fields. LNG imports from
Qatar reportedly would meet 20% gas requirements of the country. In terms of impact of the
LNG import, it is estimated that it would help in the generation of 2000 MW of electricity at
much cheaper rates. It would also revive fertilizer and other industries, eradicate gas load
shedding for the domestic consumers, pave way for unemployment and once again CNG industry
would be able to revitalize itself. The supply of re-gasified LNG to CNG industry would in
addition to save Rs.450 billion will also save the existing 70,000 jobs and create many more job
opportunities. Supply of gas to the CNG stations would also help in reducing transport fares and
this step would create a healthy impact on overall economic condition of the country. The
government has already completed one LNG terminal at Port Qasim to handle the imports and
the second one is in the process of being built. The government is also contemplating to build a
few more such terminals in the near future. Another agreement with Russia has already been

signed for the construction of a gas pipeline between Lahore and Karachi costing $ 2 billion. The
government has also recently taken steps to revive and implement the TAPI and IP gas lines (IP
in the wake of lifting of UN sanctions against Iran). Pakistan government has also notified lifting
of sanctions against Iran that would pave the way for restoration of normal trade ties with Iran
and building the IP Gas pipeline section on Pakistani side. In this regard Pakistan and Iran
already have started negotiations to finalize the modalities and other requirements. Gas imported
from Iran would add 4000 MW of electricity to the system. Pakistan and Iran are also in the
process of clinching a deal for import of 1000 MW of electricity for Gawadar. Looking at the
ongoing developments and the energy projects initiated under CPEC with a increasing power
generating capacity of 10,640 MW of electricity, poised to become functional by the end of
2017-18 assures certainty of a prosperous and successful Pakistan
Recommendations:
Usage of electricity saving devices
Awareness campaign for energy saving
Reduction in unnecessary transportations by developing good public transport systems and
strengthening Pakistan railways

Article 3
Introduction:
Energy is considered to be life line of any economy and most vital instrument of socioeconomic
development of a country. Energy is pivotal in running machinery in factories and industrial
units, for lighting our cities and powering our vehicles etc.
Objective:
Why half of the Pakistani population have no electricity?
Why Pakistan is not Utilizing its resources.
Methodology:
Survey has been conducted for this research/article.
Data:
The data taken for the research is primary as per the writer.
Conclusion:
Energy Crisis has, more or less, plagued all sectors of Pakistans machinery ranging from
economy to industry, agriculture to social life, inflation to poverty and it is hampering national
progress in a drastic manner. Nonetheless, menace of energy crisis can be overwhelmed by
government through making effective policies and its proactive implementation. Simultaneously,
it is the responsibility of us, the people of Pakistan, to utilize the available energy astutely and
wisely to play our due role for progress of the country.
Recommendations:
Usage of electricity saving devices
Reduction in industrial uses with installation of effective equipment/ energy efficient and with
increasing efficiency of workforce (cost effective)
Decreasing reliance on rental power projects, because instead of doing any good, they are
increasing prices of electricity.

____________________________

Reference:
http://ilm.com.pk/pakistan/pakistan-information/energy-crisis-in-pakistan-essaywith-outline/
http://www.slideshare.net/Celopsin/energy-crises-of-pakistan