Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. Single Jersey:
1. 130-150 30s
2. 160-170 26s
3. 180-200 24s (210)
4. 220-240 20s
B. P.K./Lacost/1x1 Rib:
1. 150-170 34s
2. 180-200 30s
3. 210-225 26s
4. 230-250 24s
5. 250-270 20s
C. 2x1 Rib:
1. 220-230 30s
2. 240-250 26s
3. 260-280 24s
D. Interlock
24 G -22 G
1. 40s 220 - 200
2. 34s 250 -230
3. 30s 260 -240
4. 26s 275 -260
F. Fleece:
1. 250 20,30s (Ratio 20:80)
2. 300 10, 26s (Ratio 30:70)
3.
There are given various fabric GSM and their required yarn count:
4.
5.
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
110 - 120
40 S 36 S
120 - 130
36 S - 32 S
130 - 140
32 S 28 S
140 - 150
28 S
150 - 160
26 S
170 - 210
24 S
6.
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
180 - 190
36 S - 32 S
190 - 200
30 S
200 - 215
28 S
215 - 230
26 S
230 - 250
24 S
250 - 300
24 S
7. Interlock without
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
200 - 220
34 S
220 - 230
32 S
230 - 250
30 S
250 - 300
26 S
8.
lycra:
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
230 - 240
32 S
240 - 250
30 S
250 - 280
26 S
280 - 300
24 S
9. Lacoste without
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
180 - 190
30 S
190 - 210
28 S
210 - 230
26 S
230 250
26 S
lycra:
10.
Fabric G.S.M
Yarn Count
180 - 190
34 S
190 - 210
32 S
210 - 220
30 S
220 240
28 S
240 - 250
26 S
Single Jersey:
Say, the require GSM is 160
Yarn count = (-0.141) X (GSM) + 50.22
= (-0.141) X (160) + 50.22
= -22.58 + 50.22
= 27.66
So, to knit 160 gsm single jersey fabric we need yarn count 27.66/s
Interlock:
Say, the require GSM is 220
Yarn count = (-0.206) X (GSM) + 80.56
= (-0.206) X (220) + 80.56
= -45.32 + 80.56
= 35.24
So, to knit 220 GSM Interlock fabrics we need yarn count 36/s
Pique:
Say, the require GSM is 220
Yarn count = (-0.146) X (GSM) + 57.16
= (-0.146) X (220) + 57.16
= -32.12 + 57.16
= 25.04
So, to knit 220 GSM Pique fabric we need yarn count 36/s
1*1 Rib:
Say, the require GSM is 220
Yarn count = (-0.123) X (GSM) + 54.57
= (-0.123) X (220) + 54.57
= -27.06 + 54.57
= 27.51
So, to knit 220 GSM 1x1 Rib fabrics we need yarn count 28/s
Double Lacoste:
Say, the require GSM is 220
Yarn count = (-0.167) X (GSM) + 64.36
= (-0.167) X (220) + 64.36
= -36.74 + 64.36
= 27.62
So, to knit 220 GSM Double Lacoste fabrics we need yarn count 28/s
Lycra 11 Rib:
Let, required fabric GSM is 180
Yarn Count = (-0.119) GSM + 59.12
= (-0.119) x 180 + 59.12
= -21.42 + 59.12
=37.7
Table-1: Relation between finished G.S.M. and yarn count of s/j and rib fabric
Single Jersey
Rib
Yarn count
Finished G.S.M.
Yarn count
Finished G.S.M.
18 s
220-230
18 s
280-290
20 s
200-220
20 s
260-280
24 s
180-190
24 s
240-250
26 s
160-170
26 s
230-240
28 s
150-160
28 s
220-230
30 s
140-150
30 s
200-220
34 s
120-130
34 s
180-200
Table-2: Relation between finished G.S.M. and yarn count of knitted fabrics
Interlock
Yarn count
Finished G.S.M.
Lycra S/J
Yarn (Lycra) count
Finished G.S.M.
34 s
250-270
30 s +20D
190-200
36 s
230-250
34 s+20 D
180-190
38 s
200-210
38 s+20 D
160-170
40 s
190-200
40 s+20 D
150-160
Table-3: Relation between G.S.M. and yarn count of fleece fabric and double
lacoste
Fleece Fabric (100% Cotton)
Double Lacoste
Yarn count
G.S.M.
Yarn count
G.S.M.
34s+34 s+10 s
260-270
22 s
240-260
30 s +34 s+10 s
280-290
24s
220-240
28 s+30 s+10 s
290-300
26 s
200-220
26 s+30 s+10 s
310-320
28 s
180-200
24 s +30 s+10 s
340-350
30 s
160-180
Garment COSTING
Introduction:
Fabric consumption is an important task for garments merchandiser. Because 50%
cost for garments making is fabric. If fabric consumption and calculation is not correct
then company will face to huge loss. There are two formula or process of fabric
consumption for basic t-shirt. One in Centimeter and another in Inch. They are given
below.
Sketch of t-shirt
Solution:
Here, Body Length = 76 cm
Sleeve Length = 25 cm
Chest Length = 552=110 cm (For both side)
We get,
(Body length + Sleeve length) x (Chest x 2) x G.S.
Fabric consumption = ........ Kg
1000 x 10000
(76 + 25) x (55x2) x 180
=
1000 x 10000
101 x 19800
=
10000000
1999800
= .
10000000
= 0.19998 kg
The amount of fabric is just for 1 piece. Generally 12 pieces are counted with one.
Fabric consumption for 1 Dozen = 120.19998 kgs
= 2.399 kgs
Fabric consumption for 1 Dozen 2 kgs and 399 gms.
The amount of fabric is just for 1 piece. Generally 12 pieces are counted with one.
Fabric consumption for 1 Dozen = 120.199920 kg
= 2.391 kg
Fabric consumption for 1 Dozen 2 kg and 391 gm.
Polo t-shirt
To determine the fabric consumption per dozen of a polo t-shirt, measurement chart is
given below:
Points Of Measurement
Cm
Body Length
62
Chest
48
Slv Length
22
Armhole Circumference
40
Collar Height
Collar Width
24
2.5
Slv Opening
17.5
180
230
= {(144*230*12)/10000000}+10%
= 0.04kg/Dz
Rib/Cuff:
= (Length +Aw)*(Width +Aw)*2
= (Slv Rib Height +Aw)*(Slv Opening +Aw )*2
= (2.5+1)*(17.5+2)*2
=136.5 Square Cm
Slv Fabric Consumption
=[{(Total Fabric Square Cm)*Fabric Weight *12)}/10000000] + Wastage (10%)
=(136.5*230*12)/(10000000)+10%
=0.04kg /Dz
Body Fab = 2kg /Dz
Collar Fab =0.04kg/Dz
Slv Rib =0.04kg/Dz
={(5765*180*12)/(10000000}+10%
= 1.32 Kg /Dz
Introduction:
Fabric consumption for woven bottom is an important tusk for merchandiser. If calculation is
not correct then company will face to huge loss and reputation also fall. This article will be
helpful for beginners who are involved in garment sector. In garment sector there are twotypes
of merchandise, one is woven merchandise (Such as Shirt, Pant, Blouse etc.) & the other one
is knit merchandise (T-shirt, Polo shirt, Fashion knit, Sweater Etc ). In this article I will explain
fabric consumption for woven bottom.
4. Belt Loop.
For calculating fabric consumption for woven bottom we can follow the below
measurement chart:
Actual
Allowan
Measurement with
Length
ce
Allowance
in (inch)
Total Length
including Waist
Height
44
46
Waist Width
35
37
HIP
45
47
Thigh
18
20
Bottom Width
13
15
1.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Fabric Width 36
Pocket Bag Length Pocket Bag width No. of Parts No. of pocket 12
= .. (yds
Fabric Width 36
8 7 4 2 12
= yds per dozen.
55 36
= 2.72yds per dozen (D)
So, fabrics needed for the pocket bag is 2.72yds per dozen.
Introduction:
To produce a particular woven fabric of particular fabric specification, yarn consumption can be
theoretically calculated. The process of yarn consumption calculation of a particular woven
fabric is explained with the help of an example.
Problem:
Calculate the yarn consumption per yard of a woven fabric of specification (20 X 16)/(128 X
60) X 58, 100% cotton 3/1 twill fabric.
Solution:
Requirement of yarn for the fabric is to be calculated for both warp yarn and weft yarn
separately as because the warp and weft yarns are of 20s and 16s respectively. Here, for easy
understanding yarn consumption for 100 yards grey fabric production is done. At the end, yarn
consumption per yard of grey fabric will be converted.
Warp yarn (20s) requirement
= (128 X 58)/1 X 100/1 X 1/(840 X 20) lbs
= 44.19 lbs
Some allowances to be added to the yarn requirements for the following factors:
a. Crimp allowances . 10%
b. Yarn wastage .... 5%
.
Total .................. = 15%
Hence the actual yarn requirements including crimp allowance and yarn wastage
allowance will be
Warp yarn (20s) = 44.19 lbs X 1.15 = 50.82 lbs
Weft yarn (16s) = 25.89 X 1.15 = 29.77 lbs
Now, for each yard of the said fabric production yarn consumption will be
Warp yarn (20s) = 50.82 / 100 = 0.51 lbs
Weft yarn (16s) = 29.77 / 100 = 0.30 lbs
Introduction:
Fabric consumption can be defined as the amount of fabric needed to make a garment. To
determine the cost of a garment after making the garment sample consumption is needed.
There are two methods to find out the fabric consumption:
Mathematical problems
Solution:
Here given,
Length of shirt, A = 32
Armhole width, D = 10
Fabric consumption = ?
Fabric length = ?
We know,
Fabric consumption = (A +3) X (B + 3) X 2 + (C + 2) X (2D + 2) X 2 inch2
= (32 + 3) X (25 + 3) X 2 + (22 + 2) X (20 + 2) X 2 inch2
= 3016 inch2 (ANS).
Required fabric length = Fabric consumption/Fabric width = 3016/44
= 68.55 (ANS).
Problem-2:
A Pants fabric height is 40 and width is 13, then calculate the fabric consumption to make the
pant. If we deliver fabric with 60 width then calculate the fabric length to produce a pant.
Solution:
Here given,
Height of pant, H = 40
Width of pant, J = 13
Fabric width = 60
Fabric consumption =?
Fabric length =?
We know,
Fabric consumption = (H + 4) X (J + 2) X 4
= (40 + 4) X (13 +2) X 4
= 2640 inch2 (ANS).
Fabric length = Fabric consumption/Fabric width = 2640/60 = 44 (ANS).
Problem-3:
Calculate the fabric consumption of a Jersey from the following dimensions:
Length = 75cm
Width = 50cm
Solution:
Here given,
Length = 75cm
Width = 50cm
Fabric consumption =?
We know that,
Fabric consumption = Length X Width X 2 + Sleeve length X Full armhole X 2
= 75 X 50 X 2 + 24 X 40 X 2
= 9420 cm2 = 9420/10,000
m2 = 0.942 m2 (ANS).
Problem-4:
From the following data, calculate the amount of fabric needed to make a mono-colored solid
Jacket:
Length = 30
Width = 22
Sleeve length = 21
Arm hole = 10
Solution:
Given that,
Length, A = 30
Width, B = 22
Sleeve length, C = 21
Arm hole, D = 10
Fabric needed =?
We know,
Fabric consumption = (A +2) X (B + 2) X 2 + (C + 2) X (2D + 2) X 2
= (30 + 2) X (22 + 2) X 2 + (21 + 2) X (20 + 2) X2 = 2548 inch2
As fabric width = 44
Introduction:
The quantity of fabric is needed to make any definite apparel is called as Fabric consumption.
After completing the sample garments, to know about the price of the garments we must need
to know the actual fabric consumption. There are two methods fordetermining fabric
consumption.They are
1. Marker method
2. Mathematical method
Shirt sketch
A = Length of the shirt
B = Width of the shirt
C = Sleeve length
D = Width of Armhole
Fabric consumption (inch)
Fabric length = ..
Width of fabric
Mathematical problems:
From Given Dimensions of full shirt, Find out how much length of fabric will be needed for
making the shirt?
Length of shirt = 30
Width of shirt = 25
Sleeve length = 21
Width of Armhole = 22
Solution:
Here,
A = Length of the shirt
Sketch of pant
From the above Figure,the fabric consumption for trouser is shown in below
Generally a trouser is looked like figure A. But for finding consumption we need to draw
another sketch like figure B.
Height and weight of the trouser should be measured and denoted as H & J respectively.
Fabric consumption for trouser (P) = (H+4) X (J+2) X 4
Here,
H=Weight &
J =Width through cork line(1/2)
Mathematical problems:
A trouser having height = 40, Width through cork line(1/2) = 13. Now find out the fabric
consumption?
Solution:
Given,
Trousers height = 40
Trouser width = 13
Fabric consumption = ?
Chart
Consumption based on the mathematical equation C = 4 + 2ts
C = 4 + 2(.075 X 8) = 5.20
Where,
t = thickness of the seam
s = stitches per inch
Here, 1.17 yds X 5.20 = 6.08 yds / seam.
=> 6.08 yds/seam X 1.15 = 7.00 yds per seam including a 15% waste factor.
*** A shirt having 104 inches 4 Threads Over lock stitches, 52 inches Flat lock stitches, 20
inches 1 Needle Chain stitches, 15 inches Single Needle Plain Machine stitches, GSM is
normal, find out its thread consumption in meters?
Answer: {(104 x 19) + (52 x 32) + (20 x 5) + (15 x 2.75) + 10%} / 39.37 = 106.71 Meters. (39.37
inches = 1 Meter)
*** Suppose, we want to buy thread cones with 2000 meters thread, now figure out how many
cones do we need to stitch 3000 pcs of garments, per garments thread consumption 106.71
meters?
Answer: 106.71 x 3000 / 2000 = 160 cones.
Apparels costing sheet is that where we get all types of information regarding its making. So
to say manufacturing of any apparel will be profitable or not, can be detected by a good costing
sheet.
How much fabric will be needed, how much time will be needed etc. will take place in a costing
sheet.
Normally the finance department makes costing sheet. But for doing it they need information
from all around sections like buying section, wages section, quality control section and account
section. Yet after making the sheet, it requires approval from respective administrative level.
Costing
Sheet
for
Producing
Trouser:
Style no.
Description
Season
Size
Date
3340 Item
Price(TK)
Fabric
Cord(100%
cotton)
Width of 60
inch. Or
1.25 yds.
150
187.50
Pockets fabric
100%
cotton
0.25 yds.
40
10.00
4 parts
4.00
Sized Fabric
such as(Waist
Belt)
Threads
100%
cotton-40/2
3.00
Chain
3.50
3.50
Bottoms/Trimmi
ngs
Nylon
2.00
6.00
Label
Woven
1+1
2.00
4.00
Packing
Board,
Polypack
etc.
5.00
Others
2.00
= 225.00
Production
Time(Minute)
Rate(TK)
Price(TK)
Spreading
0.20
0.60
Cutting
0.50
2.00
Sewing
1.00
8.00
Finishing
0.25
0.75
Inspection
0.25
1.00
Packing
0.30
1.20
Total
= 13.55
20.00
258.55
Profit (15%)
38.78
Commission
5.05
Price of selling
302.38