Answers to questions

Question 3 page 43
In our sample, we have several forms. 20% are elongated, 30% are boat-shaped,
and we have half pennate and half centric.
Question 2 page 48
The plasmodium had light yellow/orange color. Vegetative stage of slime molds
(multinucleate mass of protoplasm, no cell walls) creates fruiting bodies.
Questions page 53-54
1. Taken in by oral groove
Moved to gullet
Adsorbed by food vacuole
Amoeboid by phagocytosis, flagellates by the flagella, and ciliates move
food particles through cilia.
2. Radiolarians use pseudopodia (axopodia) to capture and ingest food. When a
food particle contacts an amoeba, a pseudopod will flow completely around
the particle and take it into the cell by phagocytosis.
3. Ciliates move randomly and faster followed by the flagellated and the
amoeboid who move in entire mass and have undulating motion.

4. slimy or hard protective coverings, toxins, sharp projectiles,

bioluminescence, and/or spines
5. Dinoflagellates and diatoms share the most important ecological role which
is photosynthesis. The greatest value of diatoms is the carbohydrate and
oxygen they produce that can be utilized by other organisms.
6. One characteristic observed under the microscope to distinguish diatoms and
dinoflagellates is the cell wall. Diatoms have a frustule cell wall.
7. Characteristics that suggest that Slime molds are Protistan are: they are
phagocytic, cellular ultrastructure and the cell wall chemistry.
8. They are decomposers, source of earths oxygen, photosynthesis primary
producers, and food chains for animals.
9. - One of the two characteristics we may use to distinguish red algae from
brown is its pigmentation. Also called "phycoerythrin," the pigment in red
algae only typically grows in warmer water. This is in stark contrast to
brown algae, which generally grows in colder water. Red algae is
biologically categorized in the "Rhydophyta" phylum while brown algae
falls under "Phaeophyta." Red algae is also called "Coralline seaweed," in
some regions of the world.
- Brown algae, otherwise known as "phaeophyceae," is distinguishable from
red algae in that it looks like a common variety of seaweed. It contains
fucoxanthin, a chemical found in many "sea vegetables." Although the red
algae may grow more readily in deeper "tropical" waters, brown algae is
longer and more flexible. It is also a bit less sensitive to cold temperatures

than red algae. Common names for brown algae include: Neptune's
necklace, Leather kelp, Strap weed and globe algae.
10.The method of cell wall formation during cell division, organization of
proteins that synthesize cellulose, and the structure of sperm when present
are the similarities in charophytes and land plant.
Question 6 page 57
The spores are visible, the spores have been reproduced asexually in meiosis.