Nes 713

Ministry of Defence
Defence Standard 02-713 (NES 713)

Issue 1 Publication Date 01 April 2000
Determination Of The Toxicity Index

Of The Products Of Combustion From
Small Specimens Of Materials
Incorporating NES 713 Category 2

Issue 3 Publication Date March 1985
AMENDMENT RECORD
Amd No
Date
Text Affected
REVISION NOTE
This standard is raised to Issue 1 to update its content.
HISTORICAL RECORD
This standard supersedes the following:
Naval Engineering Standard (NES) 713 Issue 3 dated March 1985.
Signature and Date
Ministry of Defence
Naval Engineering Standard
NES 713
Issue 3 (Reformatted)
March 1985
DETERMINATION OF THE TOXICITY INDEX OF THE

PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION FROM SMALL SPECIMENS
OF MATERIALS
This NES Supersedes
Record of Amendments
AMDT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
INSERTED BY
DATE
NAVAL ENGINEERING STANDARD 713

ISSUE 3 (REFORMATTED)
DETERMINATION OF THE TOXICITY INDEX OF THE
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION FROM SMALL SPECIMENS
OF MATERIALS
The issue and use of this Standard

is authorized for use in MOD contracts
by MOD(PE) Sea Systems and
the Naval Support Command
ECROWN COPYRIGHT
Published by:
Director of Naval Architecture
Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence
Sea Systems, Foxhill, Bath BA1 5AB
i
ii
NES 713
SCOPE
1.
This NES gives the requirements of one of a series of test methods for determining the
combustion characteristics of materials. The test explores the toxicity of the products of
combustion in terms of small molecular species arising when a small sample of a material is
completely burnt in excess air under specified conditions. The test does not necessarily
determine the total toxicity of all the constituents of the products of combustion.
2.
The test is useful for the quality control of materials and for research and development.
3.
The test may be used to compare the particular combustion characteristics of a series of
materials, both natural and synthetic types. Combustion characteristics tests alone are not
suitable for assessing the total fire hazard of products under actual fire conditions. The test
may be used to specify a quality of a raw material or product.
iii
NES 713
iv
NES 713
FOREWORD
Sponsorship
1.
This Naval Engineering Standard (NES) is sponsored by the Procurement Executive, Ministry
of Defence, Deputy Controller Warships (DCW), Section NA 131.
2.
It is to be applied as required by any Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence contract for

determining the Toxicity Index of small specimens of materials.
3.
If it is found to be technically unsuitable for any particular requirement the sponsor is to be

informed in writing of the circumstances with a copy to Deputy Controller Warship
Equipment (DCWE), Section TE 112a.
4.
Any user of this NES either within MOD or in outside industry may propose an amendment
to it. Proposals for amendments which are:
a.
not directly applicable to a particular contract are to be made to the sponsor of the NES.
b.
directly applicable to a particular contract are to be dealt with using existing procedures
or as specified in the contract.
5.
No alteration is to be made to this NES except by the issue of a formal amendment.
6.
Unless otherwise stated reference in this NES to approval, approved, authorized or similar
terms, means by the Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence.
7.
Any significant amendments that may be made to this NES at a later date will be indicated
by a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the line
intervals.
8.
This NES has been re-issued to take account of experience gained during practical application
of the test procedure. Certain aspects have been more precisely defined and material changes
made.
Conditions of Release
General
9.
This Naval Engineering Standard (NES) has been prepared for the use of the Crown and of
its contractors in the execution of contracts for the Crown. The Crown hereby excludes all
liability (other than liability for death or personal injury) whatsoever and howsoever arising
(including but without limitation, negligence on the part of the Crown, its servants or agents)
for any loss or damage however caused where the NES is used for any other purpose.
10.
This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown or
third party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written permission
of the MOD.
11.
The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this NES without consulting
or informing any holder.
NES 713
MOD Tender or Contract Process

12.
This NES is the property of the Crown and unless otherwise authorized in writing by the MOD
must be returned on completion of the contract, or submission of the tender, in connection
with which it is issued.
13.
When this NES is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to ensure that
he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including related documents,
relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection may be made of
the local MOD(PE) Quality Assurance Representative or the Authority named in the tender
or contract.
14.
When NES are incorporated into MOD contracts, users are responsible for their correct
application and for complying with contracts and any other statutory requirements.
Compliance with an NES does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Related Documents
15.
In the tender and procurement processes the related documents listed in each section and
Annex A can be obtained as follows:
a.
British Standards
British Standards Institution,

389 Chiswick High Road,
London W4 4AL
b.
Defence Standards
Directorate of Standardization and Safety Policy,

Stan 1, Kentigern House, 65 Brown Street,
Glasgow G2 8EX
c.
Naval Engineering Standards
CSE3a, CSE Llangennech, Llanelli,

Dyfed SA14 8YP
d.
Other documents
Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.
Note: Tender or Contract Sponsor can advise in cases of difficulty.

16.
All applications to Ministry Establishments for related documents are to quote the relevant
MOD Invitation to Tender or Contract Number and date, together with the sponsoring
Directorate and the Tender or Contract Sponsor.
17.
Prime Contractors are responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevant
documentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.
Health and Safety

Warning
18.
This NES may call for the use of processes, substances and/or procedures that may be injurious
to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and in
no way absolves either the supplier or the user from statutory obligations relating to health
and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards, those
quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.
vi
NES 713
CONTENTS
Page No
TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sponsorship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conditions of Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOD Tender or Contract Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v
v
v
v
vi
vi
vi
vi
CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vii
SECTION
1.
PRINCIPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1
SECTION
2.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
APPARATUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Chamberalso see Annex D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specimen support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timing device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analytical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gas sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.2
SECTION
3.
3.1
3.2
TEST SPECIMENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number and size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1
3.1
3.1
SECTION
4.
DETERMINATION OF BACKGROUND
CORRECTION FACTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1
SECTION
5.
SAFETY OF OPERATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1
SECTION
6.
TEST PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1
SECTION
7.
CALCULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.1
SECTION
8.
REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.1
ANNEX
A.
RELATED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A.1
ANNEX
B.
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . .
B.1
ANNEX
C.
TOXICITY TEST CHAMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIGURE D.1 FRONT VIEW OF TOXICITY
TEST CHAMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FIGURE D.2 VIEW OF EXTRACTION
DAMPER SHOWN IN OPEN POSITION
AND ROOF MOUNTED MIXING FAN . . . . . . . .
D.1
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
vii
D.1
D.2
NES 713
viii
NES 713
1.
PRINCIPLE
a.
Analytical data of certain small molecular gaseous species arising from the
complete combustion under flaming conditions of the material under test are
mathematically computed, using the exposure level (in ppm) of each gas to
produce fatality in 30 minutes as a base, to derive a combined toxicity index.
1.1
NES 713
1.2
NES 713
2.
APPARATUS
2.1
General
a.
2.2
2.3
2.4
As far as is possible, all items of equipment within the test chamber are to be
constructed of, or coated with, an inert non-metallic material.
Test Chamberalso see Annex D.

a.
The chamber is to consist of an airtight enclosure of at least 0.7m3 volume lined

with opaque plastic sheeting having a hinged or sliding door, fitted with a
transparent plastic panel.
b.
Some gaseous products of combustion may react with or be adsorbed on the

walls of the chamber. The materials of construction must be chosen to minimize
this. A lining of polypropylene has been found satisfactory, with polycarbonate
where transparency is required.
c.
The chamber is to be fitted with a forced air extraction system which can be
closed at the exit from the chamber when required.
d.
The chamber is to be fitted with sampling positions, such that the airtightness
of the chamber is not impaired (refer to 2.7a.).
e.
The chamber is to contain a mixing fan capable of being switched on and off
externally. A six-bladed axial fan of at least 200mm diameter is to be mounted
horizontally and centrally inside the chamber at roof level to ensure rapid
mixing of combustion products.
Burner
a.
The burner is to be capable of achieving a flame approximately 100mm in height

and having a temperature of 1150 C 50 C at its hottest point. A Bunsen
burner operating on natural (methane) gas having a gross calorific value of
approximately 40MJ/m3 and modified to provide an external supply of air
connected to the burner collar is to be used.
b.
In order to achieve the flame characteristics stated in Clause 2.3a, a Bunsen

burner of 125mm overall height, 11mm bore burner tube and 5mm bore gas and
air inlet tubes are recommended. Gas and air flow rates of 10 litres and 15 litres
per minute respectively satisfy the requirements, but some adjustment of the
flow rates may be necessary to suit particular situations.
c.
Provision is to be made for igniting and extinguishing the burner from outside
the chamber using a small pilot flame on a separate gas supply.
d.
Unsatisfactory results will be obtained using a conventional Bunsen burner

drawing air from within the chamber. The effect is oxygen depletion and a
consequential reduction of burner flame temperature, or even extinguishment,
during the combustion period of a test causing loss of standard conditions.
Specimen support
a.
A device is to be provided capable of supporting the test specimen over the

Bunsen without significantly masking it from the flame.
b.
The support is to be an annulus cut from a non-combustible material such as

sheet steel nominal thickness 24mm of approximately 100mm overall
diameter with a 75mm diameter hole carrying temperature resistant wires
approximately 10mm apart to form a lattice. The complete assembly is to be
equipped with a non-combustible side support arm to give a tennis racket
appearance.
2.1
NES 713
2.5
Timing device
a.
2.6
Analytical equipment
a.
2.7
The timing device is to be capable of measuring periods up to 5 minutes to an

accuracy within 1 second.
Any analytical system may be used which will allow rapid detection and
estimation of those gases in the products of combustion detailed in Annex A.
The use of colorimetric gas reaction tubes is acceptable.
Gas sampling
a.
In order to minimize losses of certain toxic products through adsorption or

condensation prior to measurement, it is recommended that all sampling lines
be as short as possible. This may be conveniently achieved, where use is made
of colorimetric gas reaction tubes for analysis, by siting the tubes within the
chamber itself, as depicted in FIGURE D.1 Annex D.
2.2
NES 713
3.
TEST SPECIMENS
3.1
Number and size

a.
A sufficient number of specimens (normally 3) are to be cut from the material

under test. The mass of the test specimen is to be chosen to provide optimum
analytical precision, dependent on the nature of the combustion products and
sensitivity of the analytical procedure. The size and shape of the specimen are
to be such that it is entirely engulfed in the flame during the test.
Note:
3.2
In some instances, eg highly fluorinated polymers, it will be necessary to

reduce the mass of test specimens to <0.1g in order to achieve a
concentration within the range of the currently available colorimetric gas
reaction tubes for hydrogen fluoride.
Conditioning
a.
Unless otherwise stated, the test specimens are to be conditioned at 23 C 2 C

and 50 5% RH for 24 hours before testing.
3.1
NES 713
3.2
NES 713
4.
DETERMINATION OF BACKGROUND CORRECTION FACTOR

a.
Position the burner in the centre of the test chamber floor. Ignite it and adjust
the flow rates of gas and air to achieve the flame conditions described in Clauses
2.2b. and 2.3b. Record or otherwise control the flow rates in order that the
conditions may be re-established when required. Extinguish the burner and
ventilate the chamber.
b.
Place carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen reaction
tubes in position, if this method of analysis has been adopted, ensuring that all
other sampling positions are sealed.
c.
Seal the chamber, then ignite the burner, simultaneously starting the timing
device. Maintain these conditions for 1 minute then extinguish the flame and
start the mixing fan, allowing this to continue for 30 seconds.
d.
Using their respective sampling points, extract portions of the atmosphere from
the test chamber to determine the concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon
dioxide and oxides of nitrogen.
e.
Operate the extraction system of the test chamber, and open the test chamber
to free air and evacuate for 3 minutes. Repeat the procedure from Clauses 4.a.
to 4.d., but maintain the burning conditions stated in 4.c. for 2 minutes and 3
minutes in separate determinations.
f.
The results obtained are graphically displayed to show the rate of build up of
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen with time of burning
due to the burner alone. Zero time can be shown as 0.03% carbon dioxide and
nil for carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen.
4.1
NES 713
4.2
NES 713
5.
SAFETY OF OPERATORS
a.
When the Toxicity Index test is being carried out, there is a risk that flammable
and/or toxic fumes will be given off from the specimen under test. Operators are
to take appropriate precautions to avoid exposure to the evolved fumes.
5.1
NES 713
5.2
NES 713
6.
TEST PROCEDURE
a.
Ensure that the air temperature is 23 C 2 C.
b.
Select a test specimen and determine its mass to the nearest milligram.
c.
Position the burner in the centre of the test chamber floor and establish the
flame conditions described in 2.3a. Extinguish the burner.
d.
Place the test specimen on the support approximately in the centre of the test
chamber floor and adjust the support height so that the specimen will be sited
within the flame boundary and subjected to the temperature given in 2.3a., ie
1150 C 50 C.
e.
For materials which are liable to melt and drip, test specimens may be supported
on a thin bed of glass wool placed on the wire mesh sample support to prevent
sample losses during the combustion.
Note:
The glass wool found suitable for this purpose is that commonly employed
as a filter membrane by analytical laboratories.
f.
Ensure that the forced extraction ventilation system is off and sealed from the
chamber.
g.
Insert series of colorimetric gas reaction tubes into the chamber.
h.
Close the test chamber access door, turn on the fuel supply to the burner and
ignite simultaneously and start the timing device.
i.
The burn period is to be continued for the duration considered sufficient to

ensure complete combustion of the whole specimen, and this is to be recorded
and the burner extinguished.
j.
Start the mixing fan and continue mixing for 30 seconds, then switch off the fan.
k.
Immediately commence sampling the atmosphere from the chamber by

drawing the gas mixture through each respective detection tube in turn. It is
imperative that if the presence of halogen acids is suspected, then these must
be tested for before other gases, in order to reduce losses through adsorption or
condensation which may be experienced through a delayed estimation.
l.
On completion of the analysis, the remaining products of combustion are

removed from the chamber using the forced extraction exhaust system, initially
opening the access door. Continue the forced ventilation for at least 3 minutes.
m.
Examine the residue of the test specimen to ensure that all of the combustible
material has been consumed. If any portion remains unburnt or appears to be,
the whole test must be repeated using a fresh sample.
n.
Repeat Clauses 6.a. to 6.m. with a fresh specimen to obtain a duplicate

determination, for as many times as necessary. See Clause 3.1a.
6.1
NES 713
6.2
NES 713
7.
CALCULATION
a.
Using the graph prepared as described in Section 4. determine the quantity of

carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen formed by the burner
in the time recorded in Clause 6.i. Subtract these values from the total carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen contents determined by
analysis (see Clause 6.k.) to give the amounts actually produced by combustion
of the test specimen.
b.
Using the formula given below calculate the concentration of each gas produced
when 100g of material is burnt and the combustion products diffused in air in
a volume of 1m3(C8).
V ppm
C = C 100
m
where C
concentration of gas in test chamber (ppm)
fire test mass (g)
= volume of test chamber (m3)
Calculate C for each gas in the duplicate determination.

Average the values of C for each gas.
c.
Calculate the Toxicity Index as follows:

Toxicity Index
C 2
C 3
C n
C 1
+ + + ..........
Cf 1
Cf 2
Cf 3
Cfn
where 1, 2, 3 ............ n represents each of the gases detected.

Cf
concentration of the gas considered fatal to man for a 30 minute

exposure time (ppm).
values of Cf for various gases are given in Annex C.
7.1
NES 713
7.2
NES 713
8.
REPORT
a.
The report is to include the following:

(1)
A full description of the material tested, including type, grade, reference

No etc.
(2)
The Toxicity Index per 100g material.
(3)
The following statement:
This test result alone does not assess the fire hazard of the material, or a product
made from this material, under actual fire conditions. Consequently, the results
of this test alone are not to be quoted in support of claims with respect to the
fire hazard of the material or product under actual fire conditions. The results
when used alone are only to be used for research and development, quality
control and material specifications.
8.1
NES 713
8.2
NES 713
ANNEX A.
RELATED DOCUMENTS
A.1
There are no Related Documents for this NES.
A.1
ANNEX A.
NES 713
ANNEX A.
A.2
NES 713
ANNEX B.
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
B.1
For the purpose of this NES the following definition applies:
Toxicity Index
the numerical summation of the toxicity factors of selected gases

produced by complete combustion of the material in air under the
conditions specified. The toxicity factors are derived from the
calculated quantity of each gas that would be produced when 100g of
the material is burnt in air in a volume of 1m3 and the resulting
concentration expressed as a factor of the concentration fatal to man
at a 30 minute exposure time (see Annex C. para 3.). An index of 1 for
a given volume will, on average, bring about death in 30 minutes.
B.1
ANNEX B.
NES 713
ANNEX B.
B.2
NES 713
ANNEX C.
C.1
TOXIC CONSTITUENTS
The analysis of the products of combustion in the test chamber is to include the quantitative
determination of the following gases:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Sulphur dioxide (SO2)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S)
Formaldehyde (HCHO)
Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
Nitrogen oxides (NO+NO 2)
Ammonia (NH 3)
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN)
Hydrogen fluoride (HF)
Acrylonitrile (CH2CHCN)
Hydrogen bromide (HBr)
Phosgene (COCl2)
Phenol (C6H5OH)
This is not intended to be a complete list of all possible gases that can be found in the products of
combustion but it does represent those most commonly produced in quantity upon which toxicity
data can be based.
C.2
ANALYSIS
It is obvious that there is no need to determine the quantity of, say, hydrogen chloride in the products
of combustion if the material being tested does not contain chlorine (chloride). Therefore, as an aid
to analysis it is desirable to determine the elements present in the material before an assessment
of the Toxicity Index is carried out, eg if no nitrogen is found then there is no need to analyse for
nitrogen-containing gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, acrylonitrile and ammonia.
C.3
TOXICITY CONCENTRATIONS(ppm)
For the purposes of calculating Toxicity Indices, the following values of Cf are to be used:
Carbon dioxide
100 000
Carbon monoxide
4000
Hydrogen sulphide
750
Ammonia
550
Formaldehyde
500
Hydrogen chloride
400
Acrylonitrile
400
Sulphur dioxide
400
Nitrogen oxides
250
Phenol
250
Hydrogen cyanide
150
Hydrogen bromide
150
Hydrogen fluoride
100
Phosgene
25
C.1
ANNEX C.
NES 713
ANNEX C.
C.2
NES 713
ANNEX D.
TOXICITY TEST CHAMBER
FIGURE D.1 FRONT VIEW OF TOXICITY TEST CHAMBER
D.1
ANNEX D.
NES 713
FIGURE D.2 VIEW OF EXTRACTION DAMPER SHOWN IN OPEN POSITION AND ROOF
MOUNTED MIXING FAN
ANNEX D.
D.2
NES 713
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
A
Air extraction system, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1
Analytical equipment, 2.2
B
Burner, 2.1, 4.1
Burner fuel, 2.1
C
Calculations, 7.1
Combustioncharacteristics tests, iii
Conditioning, 3.1
E
Extraction system, 4.1
F
Fan, 2.1
Fire hazard, iii
G
Gasexposure level, 1.1
M
Mixing fan, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1
Molecular species, 1.1, iii
P
Precautionsoperator, 5.1
Q
Quality control, iii
R
Report content, 8.1
INDEX.1
INDEX
NES 713
S
Sampling points, 2.1, 4.1, 6.1
Specimen support, 2.1
Specimensnumber and size, 3.1
T
Test chamber, 2.1
Test chambertest of, 4.1, FIGURE D.1, FIGURE D.2
Test procedure, 6.1
Timing device, 2.2
Toxicity Index, B.1
Types of material, iii
INDEX
INDEX.2
Inside Rear Cover
Crown Copyright 2000

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan
Defence Standards are Published by and Obtainable from:

Defence Procurement Agency
An Executive Agency of The Ministry of Defence
Directorate of Standardization
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
GLASGOW G2 8EX
DStan Helpdesk
Tel 0141 224 2531/2
Fax 0141 224 2503
Internet e-mail enquiries@dstan.mod.uk
File Reference
The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/69/02/713.
Contract Requirements
When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correct
application and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance with
a Defence Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Revision of Defence Standards
Defence Standards are revised as necessary by up issue or amendment. It is important that
users of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue or
amendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standards
for Defence Part 3 , Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 Index of Defence
Standards and Defence Specifications published annually and supplemented regularly by
Standards in Defence News (SID News). Any person who, when making use of a Defence
Standard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify the Directorate of
Standardization (DStan) without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and
appropriate action taken.

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Ministry of Defence

Defence Standard 02-713 (NES 713)

Determination Of The Toxicity Index

Incorporating NES 713 Category 2

Signature and Date

Naval Engineering Standard

DETERMINATION OF THE TOXICITY INDEX OF THE

This NES Supersedes

NAVAL ENGINEERING STANDARD 713

The issue and use of this Standard

It is to be applied as required by any Procurement Executive, Ministry of Defence contract for

If it is found to be technically unsuitable for any particular requirement the sponsor is to be

No alteration is to be made to this NES except by the issue of a formal amendment.

MOD Tender or Contract Process

British Standards Institution,

Directorate of Standardization and Safety Policy,

Naval Engineering Standards

CSE3a, CSE Llangennech, Llanelli,

Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

Note: Tender or Contract Sponsor can advise in cases of difficulty.

Health and Safety

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . .

TOXICITY TEST CHAMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Chamberalso see Annex D.

The chamber is to consist of an airtight enclosure of at least 0.7m3 volume lined

Some gaseous products of combustion may react with or be adsorbed on the

The burner is to be capable of achieving a flame approximately 100mm in height

In order to achieve the flame characteristics stated in Clause 2.3a, a Bunsen

Unsatisfactory results will be obtained using a conventional Bunsen burner

A device is to be provided capable of supporting the test specimen over the

The support is to be an annulus cut from a non-combustible material such as

The timing device is to be capable of measuring periods up to 5 minutes to an

In order to minimize losses of certain toxic products through adsorption or

Number and size

A sufficient number of specimens (normally 3) are to be cut from the material

In some instances, eg highly fluorinated polymers, it will be necessary to

Unless otherwise stated, the test specimens are to be conditioned at 23 C 2 C

DETERMINATION OF BACKGROUND CORRECTION FACTOR

Ensure that the air temperature is 23 C 2 C.

Insert series of colorimetric gas reaction tubes into the chamber.

The burn period is to be continued for the duration considered sufficient to

Immediately commence sampling the atmosphere from the chamber by

On completion of the analysis, the remaining products of combustion are

Repeat Clauses 6.a. to 6.m. with a fresh specimen to obtain a duplicate

Using the graph prepared as described in Section 4. determine the quantity of

concentration of gas in test chamber (ppm)

fire test mass (g)

= volume of test chamber (m3)

Calculate C for each gas in the duplicate determination.

Calculate the Toxicity Index as follows:

where 1, 2, 3 ............ n represents each of the gases detected.

concentration of the gas considered fatal to man for a 30 minute

values of Cf for various gases are given in Annex C.

The report is to include the following:

A full description of the material tested, including type, grade, reference

The Toxicity Index per 100g material.

The following statement:

There are no Related Documents for this NES.

For the purpose of this NES the following definition applies:

the numerical summation of the toxicity factors of selected gases

Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S)