A Compressible Poor Mans NavierStokes

Discrete Dynamical System

Chetan Babu Velkur

vcbabu@uky.edu

J. M. McDonough
jmmcd@uky.edu

Department of Mechanical Engineering

University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
Reported work supported by NASA EPSCoR
Presented at the 58th Annual DFD Meeting of APS, Nov. 20-22, 2005
Chicago, IL
Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Motivation for New Approach to Turbulence

Modeling

Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS): no modeling, permits interaction of turbulence with other physics on smallest scales. Run
times for DNS

(Re3).

Reynolds Averaged Navier stokes (RANS): essentially all modelling, small-scale interactions impossible. Computes fairly quickly.

LargeEddy Simulation (LES): some modeling; but current models not able to treat details of SGS interactions. Run times for
LES

(Re2).

Filtering of equations as done in traditional LES leads to the fundamental problem of mapping:
Physics
Statistics
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The New Approach Use of Synthetic Velocity

Approach taken by Advanced CFD Group (UK)

Dependent variable decomposition same as LES.

Mimic physics of SGS fluctuations, i.e., u*, v*, w* are modeled.

Filter solutions not equations.

N.S. equations now take the form,

U (x, t ) =
u (x, t ) + u* (x, t )

+ u*) (u+ u*) = (

(u + u*) + (u
p + p*) + 1/Re (
u + u*)
t

Directly compute
u and
p, model u* and p*.
U = u + u* and P = p + p*

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The New Approach Use of Synthetic Velocity (cont.)

Form used to find fluctuating velocity components,

u* = A M
A amplitude factor deduced from an extension of Kolmogorov
theories.
M modeled employing a discrete dynamical system (DDS) .

Formulation is applied at each discrete grid point and time level.

The Poor mans Navier Stokes equations (PMNS) in 2D.

an+1 = 1 an (1 an ) 1 an bn
bn+1 = 2 bn (1 bn ) 2 an bn

These DDS are derived directly from momentum equations.

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Use of PMNS equations in Turbulence Modeling

2-D Incompressible Turbulent Convection:

Experimental data taken from,

J. P. Gollub, S. V. Benson Many routes to
turbulent convection, J. Fluid Mech. 100,
pp. 449- 470, 1980.

Computed results from,

J. M. McDonough, J. C. Holloway and
M. G. Chong A discrete dynamical system model
of temporal flucuations in turbulent convection
being prepared to be sent to J. Fluid Mech.

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Derivation of 3 D Compressible PMNS equations

Scaling of the governing equations of compressible flow gives,

t + (U ) = 0
1
1
DU

=
p +
ij
2
Dt
Re
M
DE
1
1
1
(
)
(
)
pU
k
T

2
Dt
Pe
Re
M
u i u j
+
ij =
x j xi
Equation of state:

u i

+ ij U , = ij

x j

p = T

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Derivation of 3 D Compressible PMNS equations (cont.)

Assume Fourier representations for , u, v, w, p, E

v (x,t) = ck(t) k(x) , w (x,t) =k=-gk(t) k(x)

u (x,t) = bk(t) k(x) ,

k=-

k=-

(x,t) = ak(t) k(x) ,

k=-

P (x,t) = ek(t) k(x) , E (x,t) = hk(t) k(x)

k=-

k=-

assume k to be orthonormal and in Co

Apply Galerkin procedure

Substitute solution representations into governing equations .
Commute differentiation and summation.
Calculate Galerkin inner products.
Reduce to a single wave vector.

Construct forward Euler discretisation, rearrange to define bifurcation parameters

to get PMNS equations.

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3 D Compressible PMNS equations

PMNS equations for 3-D compressible flow:

a n +1 = a n 11 a n b n 12 a n c n 13 a n g n

1
1 1
1
1
n
n
n
n
n

+
+
+
1
1
1
2

3
3
an
a n 3

1
1
n
n

+
2
an
an

1
1 1
1
1
n
n
n
n
n

+
+
+
3
3
2
3

3
3
an
a n 3

b n +1 = 1b n 1 b n 21b n c n 22 b n g n + b n +
c n +1 = 2 c n 1 c n 31b n c n 32 c n g n + c n +

g n +1 = 3 g n 1 g n 41b n g n 42 c n g n + g n +

h n +1 = h n 51 h n b n 52 h n c n 53 h n g n

( ) + (c ) + (g ) +

1 4 n
1 b
a n 3

1
an

n 2

n 2

1
1
1

n
n

b
3g n
+
+
2
3 2
3
3

1
1
n n
n n
n n

e
b
+

e
c
+

e
g
+
T n
1
2
3
n
n
a
a

( ) + (b ) + (g ) +

1 4 n
2
c
a n 3

n 2

n 2

( ) + (b ) + (c )

1 4 n
3
g
a n 3

n 2

n 2

2 n n
2 n n
2 n n
1 3 b c + 2 3 c g + 1 3 b g

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Bifurcation Parameters

3 D compressible PMNS equations has thirty six bifurcation parameters.

Bifurcation parameters can be grouped into three families corresponding to whether they depend on Re, M or strain rates.

Is there a closure problem?

All bifurcation parameters are calculated using the resolved part

of LES and hence known before hand.

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Time Series and Power Spectral Density

TIMESERIES

PSD
Periodic

Subharmonic

TIMESERIES

PSD

NoisySubharmonic
NoisyPhase lock
NoisyQuasi-Periodic
with fund.

Phase lock

Quasi-periodic

NoisyQuasi-Periodic
without fund.
Broadbandwith fund.
Broadbandwith dif. fund.

Broadbandwithout fund.

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Regime Maps (Bifurcation Diagrams)

z k2

1 = 4 1

Re

1
11 = Blm
,k

1 =

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k1
M2

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Summary

Shortcomings of present day turbulence models was presented.

Use of synthetic velocity in turbulence modeling was presented.

Derivation of 3-D compressible PMNS was presented.

3-D compressible PMNS produces all non-trivial types of behavior as observed for the incompressible case.

Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics

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