STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON OVERUSE SYNDROME

GENERAL OBJECTIVE
At the end of the class Participants gains in depth knowledge on Overuse syndrome. They will practice based on
these guidelines which will enable them to improve their functional abilities and their by enhancing their quality of life.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
The Participants will be able to :

1) Define Overuse syndrome

2) List down the causes
3) Understand the risk factors
4) Describe the path physiology
5) List out forms of Overuse syndrome
6) Explain about carpel tunnel syndrome
7) Discuss regarding tennis elbow
8) Describe regarding tendonitis
9) Explain the preventive measures of Overuse syndrome

A- V AIDS : - Flash cards

SPECIFIC TIME CONTENT TEACHER LEARNER AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY ACTIVITY AIDS

3mt INTRODUCTION Teacher Learners Flash

TO INTRODUCE introduces listen to the card1
THE TOPIC Overtraining and burnout among the topic to introduction
child and adolescent athletes are a growing the group

problem in the present issue. Adolescents

who participate in organized or recreational
athletics has grown considerably over the
past 2 decades. It is estimated that 30 to 45
million youth 6 to 18 years of age
participate in some form of athletics.

Teacher Learners
TO DEFINE defines understand Flash card Define Overuse
OVERUSE 3mt What is Overuse syndrome? overuse the definition 2 syndrome?
SYNDROME syndrome of overuse
Overuse syndrome is a condition where a syndrome
part of the body is injured by repeatedly
overusing or exerting too much strain on
that body part.
 Causes for Overuse Syndrome
Teacher list Learners are List out the
1. Growth (susceptibility of
growth down causes able to list causes for
TO LIST DOWN cartilage to repetitive stress, inflexibility, for overuse out causes overuse
THE CAUSES 5mt syndrome for overuse Flash card syndrome?
FOR OVERUSE and muscle imbalance), syndrome 3,4
SYNDROME
2. Prior injury,
3. Inadequate conditioning,
4. Anatomic malalignment,
5. Menstrual dysfunction,
6. Psychological factors (maturity level,
self-esteem)
7. Too-rapid training progression and/or
inadequate rest,
8. Inappropriate equipment/footwear,
9.Incorrect sport technique,
10.Uneven or hard surfaces,
11 Adult or peer pressure.
 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TO 8mt Teacher Learners will Explain the
UNDERSTAND Explains the understand Flash card pathophysiology
Due to Causes or Etiology
THE pathophysiol pathophysiol ,5 of overuse
PATHOPHYSIOL ogy ogy syndrome?
OGY
Tissue injuries will occurs

Repetitive Activity

Bone and Tendon injury

Without adequate recovery or

Rest

Micro trauma in bone and tendon

Stimulates inflammatory response

Release of vasoactive
substances, Inflammatory
cells and enzymes

Damage Local tissue

Repetitive activity
 Clinical Injury or overuse injury

TO LISTOUT 3mt Teacher list Learners will List out the

THE FORMS OF out the main understand forms of overuse
OVERUSE Forms of overuse syndrome forms of the main syndrome?
SYNDROME Main forms of overuse syndrome are; overuse forms of
syndrome overuse
syndrome
 Carpel tunnel syndrome,
 Tendonitis,
 Tennis Elbow,

TO EXPLAIN 8mt Teacher Learner Explain about

ABOUT CARPEL explains understands Flash card carpel tunnel
TUNNEL CARPEL TUNNEL SYNDROME regarding regarding syndrome
6
SYNDROME carpel tunnel carpel tunnel
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), is syndrome syndrome
associated by symptoms and signs, which
are caused by compression of the median
nerve travelling through the carpal tunnel.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects the hands
since it is an upper limb neuropathy that
results in motor and sensory disturbance of
the median nerve.

CAUSES
The common causes of carpal tunnel
syndrome can be remembered using
the mnemonic, MEDIAN TRAP 

M-Myxoedema, 

E-Edema, 

D- Diabetes mellitus

I-Idiopathic

A-Acromegaly

 N-Neoplasm, 

T-Trauma ,

R-Rheumatoid arthritis

A-, Amyloidosis 

P- Pregnancy

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

This condition affects individuals by

causing pain, paresthesias, and sometimes
weakness in the median nerve distribution.
 Pain, numbness and tingling sensations can
occur from the arm and extend to the
shoulder and neck area.

TREATMENT

 Some useful treatments for CTS

include use of night splints,
corticosteroid injections and
ultimately with surgery
 Immobilizing braces
 NSAIDS
 Localized steroid injections
 Physiotherapy
 Medications( Aspirin, Ibuprofen,
paracetamol,prednisone(oral
steroids))

TO DISCUSS IN 8mt Teacher Learners Discuss in detail

DETAIL ABOUT discussed participated Flashcard about tennis
TENNIS ELBOW  tennis elbow in discussion elbow
TENNIS ELBOW  7
Tennis elbow (also known as "hooter's
elbow" and "archer's elbow") is a condition
where the outer part of the elbow becomes
sore and tender. It is commonly associated
with playing tennis and other racquet
sports, though the injury can happen to
almost anybody.

CAUSES

.Among tennis players, it is believed to be

caused by the repetitive nature of hitting
thousands and thousands of tennis balls
which lead to tiny tears in the forearm
tendon attachment at the elbow

o One-handed backhand with

poor form 

o A late forehand swing

resulting in bending the wrist
significantly 

o Snapping and turning the

 wrist while serving with full power

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

 Pain on the outer part of elbow

(lateral epicondyle).
 Point tenderness over the lateral
epicondyle – a prominent part of the
bone on the outside of the elbow.
 Gripping and movements of the
wrist hurt, especially wrist extension
and lifting movements.
 Activities that use the muscles that
extend the wrist (e.g. pouring a
pitcher or gallon of milk, lifting with
the palm down) are
characteristically painful.
 Morning stiffness.
 Tenderness on the outer bony part
of the elbow 
  Morning stiffness of the elbow with
persistent aching 
 Soreness in the forearm 

 Pain worse when grasping or

holding an object

TREATMENT

 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

drugs (NSAIDs): ibuprofen, naproxe
n or aspirin
 Heat or ice application
 A counter-force brace or "tennis
elbow strap" to reduce strain at the
elbow epicondyle, to limit pain
provocation and to protect against
further damage.
 Vibration therapy can be used for
localized pain relief and
inflammation  with a number of
 portable devices being available for
TO DESCRIBE IN
DETAIL ABOUT pain relief  Teacher Describe in
TENDONITIS describe detail about
8mt TENDONITIS detail Learners Flash card tendonitis
regarding understands 8, 9
A tendon is a tough yet flexible band of tendonitis regarding
fibrous tissue. The tendon is the structure in tendonitis

body that connects muscles to the bones.

The skeletal muscles in body are
responsible for moving bones, thus
enabling us to walk, jump, lift, and move in
many ways. When a muscle contracts it
pulls on a bone to cause movements. The
structure that transmits the force of the
muscle contraction to the bone is called a
tendon.
Tendons come in many shapes and sizes.
Some are very small, like the ones that
cause movements of  fingers, and some are
much larger, such as your Achilles
tendon in your heel. When functioning
normally, these tendons glide easily and
smoothly as the muscle contracts.
Sometimes the tendons become inflamed
for a variety of reasons, and the action of
pulling the muscle becomes irritating. If the
normal smooth gliding motion of tendon is
impaired, the tendon will become inflamed
and movement will become painful. This is
called tendonitis, and literally means
inflammation of the tendon.

Symptoms of Tendonitis

Tendonitis is almost always diagnosed on

physical examination. Findings consistent
with tendonitis include:
 Tenderness directly over the tendon
 Pain with movement of muscles and
tendons
 Swelling of the tendon
 Types of tendonitis
 Wrist Tendonitis
Wrist tendonitis is a common problem
that can cause pain and swelling around
the wrist. Wrist tendonitis is due to
inflammation of the tendon sheath.
Treatment of wrist tendonitis usually
does not require surgery.
 Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles tendonitis causes pain and
swelling in the back of the heel.
Understanding this common problem
can help with treatment and help to
avoid serious complications such as
Achilles tendon rupture.
Posterior Tibial Tendonitis
Occurring near Achilles tendonitis,
posterior tibial tendonitis is less common,
but should be considered in people with
symptoms on the inner side of the ankle.
Left untreated, posterior tibial tendonitis
can result in a flat foot.

 Patellar (Kneecap) Tendonitis

Patellar tendonitis, or inflammation of
the patellar tendon, is a condition often
called Jumper's Knee. Treatment of
patellar tendonitis usually consists of
rest and anti-inflammatory medication.

TREATMENT

 Rest and Protect the Area

Tendonitis treatment must begin by
avoiding aggravating movements. This
may mean taking a break from a favorite
activity for a period of time, but this is a
necessary step to allow the inflamed
tendon to heal. It is also recommended
in tendonitis treatment to try alternative
 activities; for example, if you are a
runner who is experiencing knee pain
due to tendonitis, try incorporating
swimming into your workout schedule.
Often a splint or brace will be prescribed
to help protect the area.
 Apply an Ice Pack
Icing the area of inflammation is an
important aspect of tendonitis treatment.
The ice will help to control the
inflammation and decrease swelling. By
minimizing inflammation and swelling,
the tendon can return to its usual state
and perform its usual function.
 Anti-Inflammatory Medications
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
medications (NSAIDs) include a long
list of possibilities such as Ibuprofen,
Motrin, Naprosyn, Celebrex, and many
others.
 Cortisone Injections
 If the symptoms of tendonitis are
persistent, an injection of cortisone may
be considered. Cortisone is a powerful
anti-inflammatory medication, but
instead of being given by mouth, it is
injected directly to the site of
inflammation. This can be extremely
helpful for situations that are not
TO EXPLAIN improved with rest.
THE Teacher Explain the
PREVENTIVE 7mt explains the learner Flash preventive
MEASUERS FOR PREVENTIVE MEASUERS preventive understands card10,11 measures for
OVERUSE measures of the overuse
SYNDROME Overuse syndrome
preventive
1. Encourage athletes to strive to have syndrome
measures of
at least 1 to 2 days off per week overuse
from competitive athletics, sport- syndrome

specific training, and competitive

practice (scrimmage) to allow them
to recover both physically and
psychologically.
2. Advice athletes that the weekly
training time, number of
 repetitions, or total distance should
not increase by more than 10%
each week (eg, increase total
running mileage by 2 miles if
currently running a total of 20 miles
per week).
3. Encourage the athlete to take at
least 2 to 3 months away from a
specific sport during the year.
4. Emphasize that the focus of sports
participation should be on fun, skill
acquisition, safety, and
sportsmanship.
5. Encourage the athlete to participate
on only 1 team during a season. If
the athlete is also a member of a
travelling or select team, then that
participation time should be
incorporated into the
aforementioned guidelines.
6. If the athlete complains of
 nonspecific muscle or joint
problems, fatigue, or poor academic
performance, is alert for possible
burnout. Questions pertaining to
sport motivation may be
appropriate.
7. Advocate for the development of a
medical advisory board for
weekend athletic tournaments to
educate athletes about heat or cold
illness, over participation,
associated overuse injuries, and/or
burnout.
8. Encourage the development of
educational opportunities for
athletes, parents, and coaches to
provide information about
appropriate nutrition and fluids,
sport safety, and the avoidance of
overtraining to achieve optimal
 performance and good health.

Conclusion:

Physical activity plays a significant role in the well-being of a child. A well-designed exercise programme
enhances the immediate physical, psychomotor and intellectual attainments of a child. Long-term health benefits depend on
continuation of the physical activity, thus enhancing well-being and favoring the balanced development of a child.

Bibliography:

1. Hockensberry, Wilson, Wong’s nursing care of infants and children; child with musculoskeletal or articular
dysfunction. 8th edition

2. Terry, Zeigler. Preventing Overuse Injuries in Youth Sports; journal of sports, Mar 28, 2009. Available from: URL:
http://how-to play.com.

3. Dorothy R Marlow, Barbara, A Redding Text book of pediatric nursing; behavioral characteristics of adolescents.
Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2005.
 4. Hockberry, Wilson, winkelsteina, kelin, Wong’s. Sports injuries, 2005 Philadelphia: Elsevier; 546

A.V AIDS FOR STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME

FLASH CARD –I CHILDREN INVOLVING IN SPORTS

FLASH CARD-2
 OVERUSE SYNDROME

FLASH CARD- 3 CAUSES

 OVERPRACTICE FAULTY EQUIPMENT

FLASH CARD- 4
PRIOR INJURY STRESS
FLASHCARD- 5

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FLASH CARD- 6

CARPEL TUNNEL SYNDROME

Flash card-7

TENNIS ELBOW
FLASH CARD- 8

WRIST TENDONITIS
FLASHCARD-9 Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Patellar (Kneecap) Tendonitis

FLASH CARD – 10 TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASUERS

LEG AND HAND STRIPS

FLASH CARD – 11 TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASUERS

REST GOOD NUTRITION MEDICATIONS