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WORLD PUMPS
January 2012
Power generation
Hydropower from
pumps-as-turbines
Brazil is known for its use of hydropower, but when a small, remote tourism complex in a Brazilian
nature reserve needed additional power supply, a conventional hydropower solution was deemed
too expensive. A more aordable option came in the form of a centrifugal pump driving an electric
motor acting as a generator.
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WORLD PUMPS
Applications
January 2012
accuracy were employed for the topographical measurements and geocoding. All of
the small power stations systems were
geocoded in order to provide a reliable data
set for the hydrological study.
The survey indicated that the Fazenda Boa
Esperanas hydropower station is fed from
a predominantly wooded drainage zone
of 36.4 km2 that also features areas with
steep slopes. Three hydrometric measuring
sessions with ow meters also revealed that
a consistent ow rate (duration 95%) of
approximately 0.50 m3/s could be assumed
for further planning.
In order to calculate the energy required,
an inventory list of all of Fazendas existing
electric devices and components, together
with their respective power requirements
was compiled. To estimate peak demand,
the power requirements were calculated for
times when the Fazenda is leased for events.
The maximum total demand was determined to be 38.2 kW and, taking a planned
extension into account, a theoretical peak
demand of 43 kW was calculated.
On the basis of the maximum power
requirement and the sites total gradient, a
diagram charting the relationship between
output and rated ow was used to determine the ow rate required through the
turbine to deliver the desired output. The
ow rate for the target maximum output of
43 kW was 0.27 m3/s. This was found to be
achievable during normal operation in such
a manner that 60% of the water owing
through the Boa Vista River remained unaffected, allowing the rapids and sh farm
ponds to be protected while using the
remaining 40% for power generation.
Selection of a suitable pump for use as a
turbine was performed on the basis of a
method developed by J. M. Chapallaza.
According to this procedure, a net gradient of
21.8 m and a rated ow of 0.27 m3/s required
a pump capable of generating a head of
14.48 m and a ow rate of 0.212 m3/s. These
requirements led to the selection of KSBs
Meganorm 200-250 pump designed for a
nominal ow rate of 0.21 m3/s and a head of
15 m, achieving an eciency level of 84%.
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