Professional Documents
Culture Documents
antimicrobial
Dose: < 40 kg. PO 50-100 mg/kg/day in divided doses q6-8hr.
IV/IM: 100-200 mg/kg/day in divided doses q6-8 hr.
Uses: for gram positive & negative cocci; meningitis; GI/GU
respiratory infections, endocarditis, septicemia, otitis media
Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, vaginitis, rash urticaria
Amoxicillen
antimicrobial
Dose: child - 20-50mg/kg/day in divided doses q8 hr or q 12 hr
Uses: treatment of skin, respiratory, GI, GU infections, otitis
media, gonorrhea, Helicobacter pylori
Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, urticaria
Ancef; Cefazolin
antimicrobial
Dose: child - > 1 mo: IM/IV 25-50 mg/kg in 3-4 equal doses
max 6 g/day or 2 g. as a single dose
Uses: Haemophilus influenza, E. coli, Staph. aureus,
upper/lower resp. tract, urinary tract, skin infections,
bone, joint, genital infections, surgical prophylaxis,
septicemia
Side Effects: diarrhea, anorexia, seizures
Bacitracin topical
antimicrobial
Doses: enough to cover lesion completely (less than 20%
of body area when pt has impaired renal function)
Uses: skin infections, minor burns, wounds, skin grafts,
primary pyodermas, otitis externa
Side Effects: rash urticaria, scaling, redness
Vacomycin
antimicrobial
Doses: child: 40-60 mg/kg/day divided q6-8hr
Uses: resistant Staph. infections, pseudomembranous colitis
Side Effects: ototoxicity, permanent deafness, increased BUN,
increased creatinine, & albumin
Claforan; Cefotaxime
antimicrobial
Doses: child 1 month-12yr: IM/IV 50-180mg/kg/day
in 4-6 divided doses
Uses: serious lower respiratory tract, urinary tract,
skin, bone, bacteremia, septicemia, meningitis,
CNS infections
Side Effects: oral candidiasis, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, anorexia
Cleocin; Clindamycin
antimicrobial
Doses: child > 12 yr: apply 1% topical foam to
affected areas once daily
Uses: treatment of acne vulgaris, bacterial
vaginosis and anaerobic bacteria
Side Effects: redness, burning, dermatitis, rash
Flagyl; Metronidazole
antimicrobial
Doses: child: 15/35-50 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses
Uses: intestinal amebiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial
anaerobic infections, giardiasis, septicemia, lower
respiratory tract infections, rosacea
Side Effects: headache, dizziness, nausea, vomitting,
diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal cramps
Gentamycin
antimicrobial
Doses: child: 2-2.5 mg/kg q8hr;
neonate & infant: 2.5 mg/kg q8-12hr
Uses: severe systemic infections of CNS,
respiratory, GI, urinary tract, bone, skin
Side Effects: deafness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia,
rash
Nystatin topical/oral
antimicrobial
Rocephin;Ceftriaxone
antimicrobial
Doses: IV after diluting 250 mg/2.4 ml D5W, run over 0.5-1 hour
Uses: serious lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, meningitis,
intraabdominal infections, otitis media, joint infections
Side Effects: oral candidiasis, nausea, vomiting, diarrrhea
Unasyn; Ampicillen/Sulbactam
antimicrobial
Doses: child: 40 kd: IV 150-300 mg/kg/day divided q6hr,
maximun 4g/day
Uses: skin infections, intrabdominal infections, pneumonia,
meningitis, septicemia
Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, vaginitis, moniliasis
Zosyn; Piperacillen/Tazobactam
antimicrobial
Doses: child: >9 months and <40 kg: IV 100 mg/kg q8hr x 7-10
Ativan; Lorazepam
CNS
Doses: child: IV 0.1 mg/kg up to 4 mg/dose
adolescent: PO 2-3 mg/day in divided doses, max 10mg/day
Uses: anxiety, irritability with psychiatric or organic disorders
Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, orthostatic hypotension,
blurred vision
Clonidine
CNS
Doses: child: hypertension PO 5-10 mcg/kg/day in divided
doses q8-12 hr, max 0.9 mg/day; ADHD child > 6 yr: 0.05 mg/
kg/day in 3-4 divided doses, max 0.4 mg/day
Uses: hypertension, ADHD, autism, severe pain, diabetic
neuropathy, Tourette's syndrome
Side Effects: drowsiness, sedation, headache, fatigue, orthostatic
hypotension, palpitations, nausea, vomiting, malaise, rash
Acetaminiphen
Pain
Dose: child 1-12 yr: PO 10-15 mg/kg q4-6hr, max 5 doses 24 hr
adult/child > 12 yr: PO 325-650 mg q4-6hr, max 4 g/day
Uses: mild to moderat pain or fever, headache, myalgia, dental
pain, osteoarthritis
Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, renal failure
Dilaudid/ Hydromorphone
Pain
Dose: infant >6 months/child<50kg: PO 0.04-0.08 mg/kg q3-4hr
child >50 kg: PO 2-4 mg q3-4hr
Uses: moderate to severe pain, nonproductive cough
Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, headache,
sedation, nausea, constipation, rash
Ibuprofen; Advil
Pain
Dose: antipyretic, child 6mo-12yr: PO 5-10 mg/kg, may repeat
q6-8hr, max 40mg/kg/day; analgesic child: PO 4-10 mg/kg/
dose q6-8hr; antiinflammatory child: PO 30-40 mg/kg/day in
3-4 divided dose, max 50 mg/kg/day
Uses: arthritis, gout, pain, fever, migraine
Side effects: headache, anorexia, GI bleed
Lortab; hydrocodone/acetaminophen
Pain
Dose: adult: PO 2.5-10 mg q3-6hr prn, max 60 mg/day
(dose not listed for child)
Uses: hyperactive and nonproductive cough, mild to moderate
pain
Side Effects: drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia,
constipation
Norco; hydrododone/acetaminophen
Pain
Dose: adult: PO 2.5-10 mg q3-6hr prn, max 60 mg/day
(dose not listed for child)
Uses: hyperactive and nonproductive cough, mild to moderate
pain
Side Effects: drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia,
constipation
Baclofen
Dose: child >2-7 yr: PO 10-15 mg/day divided q8hr, max 40mg/
day; child >8 yr: PO as above with max 60 mg/day
Uses: multiple sclerosis, spasticity with spinal cord injury,
neuropahtic pain, hiccups
Side Effects: dizziness, weakness, fatigue, drowsiness, nausea
disorientation, vomiting
Benadryl; Diphenhydramine
Dose: child 6-12 yr: PO syrup 12/5 mg q4hr, max 75 mg/24 hr
child 6-12 yr: PO/IM/IV 5 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses,
max 300 mg/day
Uses: allergy symptoms, rhinitis, motion sickness, nonproductive
cough, insomnia in children
Loratidine:Claritine
Dose: child 2-5 yr: PO 5 mg/day; adult & child >6 yr: PO 10 mg
per day
Uses: seasonal rhinitis, chronic idiopathis urticaria for those >2 yr
Side Effects: sedation, headache, fatigue, restlessness, dry
mouth
Zofran/Ondansetron
Zyrtec; Cetirizine/Pseudoephedrine
Dose: child 2-6 yr: PO 15 mg q6hr, max 60 mg/day; child 6-12 yr:
PO 30 mg q 6hr, max 120 mg/day; adult & child >12 yr: PO
60 mg q6hr; Ext rel 120 mg q12 hr or 240 mg q24 hr
Uses: nasal decongestant, adjunct for otitis media; with
antihistamines
Side Effects: tremors, anxiety, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dry
mouth
Salmeterol/Orapred
Dose: adult/child >4 yr: INH 50 mcg (1 inhalation as dry powder)
q12hr; exercise-induced bronchospasm 50 mcg (1 inhalation)
30-60 minutes before exercise
Uses: asthma, COPD, prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm
Side Effects: tremors, anxiety, dysrhythmias, bronchospasm
Keppra; Levetiracetam
CNS
Dose: child/infant <16 yr: PO 10 mg/kg bid, may increase dose to
Lamictal; Lamotrigine
CNS
Dose: child <16 yr: usual dose PO 4.5-7.5 mg/kg/day, max 300 mg
day; adult and child > 16 yr: PO 300-500 mg/day
Use: anti-seizure and bipolar disorder
Side effects: dizziness, headache, diplopia, blurred vision, nausea,
vomitting, anorexia, abdominal pain
Tegretal; Carbamazepine
CNS
Dose: child <6 yr: PO 10-20 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided doses;
child 6-12 yr: PO 100 mg bid or susp 50 mg qid; max 1,000 mg/
day, Ext Rel tabs daily-bid; adult & child >12 yr: PO 800-1,200
mg/day, max child 12-15yr 1,000 mg/day, max child >15 yr
1,200 mg/day
Use: anti-seizure, bipolar disorder, trigeminal neuralgia
Side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, suicidal thoughts, nausea,
constipation, rash
Valium; Diazepam
CNS
Dose: anxiety/seizure child >6 mo: PO 1-2.5 mg tid/qid; IM/IV
0.04-0.3 mg/kg/dose q2-4hr, max 0.6 mg/kg in an 8 hr period
Morphine
Pain
Dose: infant <6 mo: PO 0.1 mg/kg every 3-4 hr.; IV/IM/Subcut
0.03-0.05 mg/kgevery 3-8 hr.
child/infant >6 month: PO 0.2-0.5 mg/kg every 4-6 hr as
needed; IV/IM/Subcut 0.05-0.2 mg/kg every 2-4 hr, max initial
dose 15 mg/dose
Uses: moderate to severe pain
Side effects: bradycardia, seizures, tachycardia, respiratory
depression, apnea