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ProfitandLoss

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Home>QuantitativeAptitude>Quantitativeaptitudequestionsandanswers...> ProfitandLoss>SolvedExamples

1. ImportantFormulas
2. SolvedExamples

1.JohnbuysanoldscooterforRs.4700andspendsRs.800onitsrepairs.Ifhesellsthe
scooterforRs.5800,whatishisgainpercent?
A. 12%
C. 4

B. 10%

D. 5

%
7

5
%
11

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:
CostPrice(CP)=4700+800=Rs.5500.

SellingPrice(SP)=Rs.5800.

Gain=(SP)(CP)=58005500=Rs.300.

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss
Gain
Gain% = (

300
) 100 = (

CP

300
) 100 =

5500

60
=

55

5
= 5

11

11

2.Thecostpriceof20articlesisthesameasthesellingpriceofxarticles.Iftheprofit
is25%,findoutthevalueofx
A.15

B.25

C.18

D.16

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:
LettheCostPrice(CP)ofonearticle=1

=>CPofxarticles=x(Equation1)

CPof20articles=20

Giventhatcostpriceof20articlesisthesameasthesellingpriceofxarticles

=>Sellingprice(SP)ofxarticles=20(Equation2)

GiventhatProfit=25%

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss
SP CP
(

25
) =

CP

1
=

100

------------( Equation 3)
4

Substitutingequations1and2inequation3,

(20 x)

1
=

80 4x = x

5x = 80

80
x =

= 16
5

3.Ifsellingpriceisdoubled,theprofittriples.Whatistheprofitpercent?
A. 100

B. 105

1
3

C. 66

D. 120

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss

Explanation:
LettheCP=x,SP=y

profit=SPCP=yx

IfSPisdoubled,SP=2y

NowProfit=SPCP=2yx

GiventhatIfsellingpriceisdoubled,theprofittriples

2y x = 3(y x)

2y x = 3y 3x

y = 2x

P rof it
P rof it% =

100
CP

y x
=

100
x

2x x
=

100
x

x
=

100
x

= 100%

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ProfitandLoss

4.Inashop,theprofitis320%ofthecost.Ifthecostincreasesby25%buttheselling
price remains constant, find out approximately what percentage of the selling price is
theprofit?
A.250%

B.100%

C.70%

D.30%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss
Let the CP = 100

320
P rof it =

100 = 320
100

S P = C P + P rof it = 100 + 320 = 420

125
If the cost increases by 25%, New CP =

100 = 125
100

Selling Price is constant, hence New SP = 420

P rof it = S P C P = 420 125 = 295

295
Required Percentage =

100
420

2950
=
42

1475
=
21

70

5.Avendorboughtbananasat6forarupee.Howmanyforarupeemustheselltogain
20%?
A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

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ProfitandLoss

Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:
CP of 6 bananas = 1

Gain = 20%
120
SP of 6 bananas = 1

12
=

100

10
10

The number of bananas he should sell for Rs.1 for a gain of 20% =

10
6 =

12

= 5
2

6. The percentage profit earned by selling an item for Rs. 1920 is equal to the
percentagelossincurredbysellingthesameitemforRs.1280.Atwhatpriceshouldthe
itembesoldtomake25%profit?
A.InsufficientData

B.Rs.3000

C.Rs.2000

D.Rs.2200

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:
Let CP = x

Percentage profit earned by selling an item for Rs. 1920

SP CP
=

100
CP

1920 x
=

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

100

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ProfitandLoss

1920 x
=

100
x

Percentage loss incurred by selling the same item for Rs. 1280

CP SP
=

100
CP

x 1280
=

100
x

Given that Percentage profit earned by selling an item for Rs. 1920 =
Percentage loss incurred by selling the same item for Rs. 1280

1920 x

x 1280
100 =

100
x

1920 x

x 1280
=

1920 x = x 1280

2x = 1920 + 1280 = 3200

3200
x =
2

= 1600

125
Required Selling Price = C P
100

125
= 1600

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

5
= 1600

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125
= 1600

ProfitandLoss

5
= 1600

100

= 400 5 = 2000

7. An exporter expects a gain of 22.5% on his cost price. If in a week, his sale was of
Rs.392,whatwashisprofit?
A.InsufficientData

B.Rs.80

C.Rs.90

D.Rs.72

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:
S P = 392

Gain = 22.5%

100

100

CP =

SP =
100 + 22.5

100 + Gain%

1000
=

40
392 =

1225

392
122.5

40
392 =

49

100
392 =

56 = 40 8 = 320
7

Profit = S P C P = 392 320 = 72

8. A man buys a scooter for Rs. 1400 and sells it at a loss of 15%. What is the selling
priceofthescooter?

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss

A.Rs.1240

B.Rs.1190

C.Rs.1090

D.Rs.1130

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:
85
S P = 1400

= 14 85 = 1190
100

9.Muralipurchased20dozensoftoysattherateofRs.375perdozen.Hesoldeachone
ofthemattherateofRs.33.Findouthisprofitpercentage.
A.3.5

B.5.6

C.4.1

D.3.4

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

375

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ProfitandLoss
375
CP of 1 toy =
12

SP of 1 toy = 33

375
Profit = S P C P = 33
12

375
(33

)
12

P rof it
Profit% =

100 =

100

CP

375
12

12
= (33

4
1) 100 = (33

375

7
=

7
100 =

125

1) 100
125

28
4 =

3
= 5

% = 5.6%
5

10.Someitemswereboughtat6itemsforRs.5andsoldat5itemsforRs.6.Whatis
thegainpercentage?
A. 44%

B. 33

1
3

C. 31

D. 30%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:
http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss
5
CP of 1 item =
6

6
SP of 1 item =
5

6
Gain% =

SP CP
100 =

CP

6
5

36
100 = (

1) 100
25

11
100 = 11 4 = 44
25

11.Onselling17ballsatRs.720,thereisalossequaltothecostpriceof5balls.What
isthecostpriceofaball?
A.Rs.43

B.Rs.60

C.Rs.55

D.Rs.34

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:
Loss=(CPof17balls)(SPof17balls)=(CPof17balls)720

GiventhatLoss=(CPof5balls)

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ProfitandLoss

=>(CPof17balls)720=(CPof5balls)

=>(CPof17balls)(CPof5balls)=720

=>CPof12balls=720

720
=> CP of 1 ball =

= 60
12

12.WhenanitemissoldforRs.18,700,theownerloses15%.Atwhatpriceshouldthat
plotbesoldtogetagainof15%?
A.Rs.25100

B.Rs.24200

C.Rs.25300

D.Rs.21200

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
When an item is sold for Rs. 18,700, the owner loses 15%

SP = 18700 and Loss = 15%

100
CP =

100

100

SP =

18700 =
85

100 + Gain%
To get a gain of 15%, SP =

100 + 15
CP =

100

115
=

100

100

115
18700 =

85

18700

100 15

100 Loss%

115
CP =

100

CP
100

23
18700 =

85

18700
17

= 23 1100 = 25300

13. 100 oranges were bought at the rate of Rs. 350 and sold at the rate of Rs. 48 per
dozen.Whatisthepercentageofprofitorloss?
A. 11

2
%Loss

B. 11

C. 14

1
%Profit
7

2
%Profit
7

D. 14

2
%Loss
7

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
CP of 100 oranges = 350

350
CP of 1 orange =

= 3.5
100

SP of 12 oranges = 48

48
SP of 1 orange =

= 4
12

SP CP
Profit% =

4 3.5
100 =

CP

1
=

3.5

100
100 =

.5
100 =

100
3.5

2
= 14

14.AshopkeepersellsoneradioforRs.840atagainof20%andanotherforRs.960at
alossof4%.Whatishistotalgainorlosspercentage?
A. 5%
C. 6

B. 6%

12
%
17

D. 5

15
%
17

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:
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ProfitandLoss
SP of 1st Radio = 840

Gain = 20%

100

100

CP of 1st Radio =

SP =
(100 + Gain%)

840 = 100 7 = 700


(100 + 20)

SP of 2nd Radio = 960

Loss = 4%

100

100

CP of 2nd Radio =

SP =
(100 Loss%)

960 = 100 10 = 1000


(100 4)

Total CP = 700 + 1000 = 1700

Total SP = 840 + 960 = 1800

Total Gain = S P C P = 1800 1700 = 100

Gain
Gain%
http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

100
100 =

100
100 =

15
= 5

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Gain
Gain% =

ProfitandLoss

100
100 =

CP

100

100 =
1700

15

= 5
17

17

15. A trader mixes 26 kg of rice at Rs. 20 per kg with 30 kg of rice of other variety at
Rs.36perkgandsellsthemixtureatRs.30perkg.Whatishisprofitpercentage?
A.6%

B.5%

C.4%

D.7%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:
CP of 1st variety rice = 20

CP of 2nd variety rice = 36

CP of the 56 kg rice mixture = (26 20 + 30 36) = 520 + 1080 = 1600

SP of the 1 kg rice mixture = 30

SP of the 56 kg rice mixture = 30 56 = 1680

Gain = S P C P = 1680 1600 = 80

Gain
Gain% =
CP

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

80
100 =

100
100 =

1600

= 5%
20

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ProfitandLoss

16. If a material is sold for Rs.34.80, there is a loss of 25%. Find out the cost price of
thematerial?
A.Rs.46.40

B.Rs.44

C.Rs.42

D.Rs.47.20

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:
S P = 34.80

Loss = 25%

100
CP =

100

100

SP =
(100 Loss%)

34.80 =
(100 25)

34.80
75

4 34.80
=

= 4 11.60 = 46.40
3

17.AfruitsellersellsapplesattherateofRs.9perkgandtherebyloses20%.Atwhat
priceperkg,heshouldhavesoldthemtomakeaprofitof5%?
A.11.32

B.11

C.12

D.11.81

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ProfitandLoss

Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:
SP = 9

Loss = 20%

100

100

CP =

100

SP =
(100 Loss%)

9 =

9
80

(100 20)

5
=

9
4

(100 + 5)

100 + Gain%
to make a profit of 5%, S P =

CP =
100

105
=

100

105
9 =

100

21
9 =

20

CP
100

21
9 =

189
9 =

= 11.81
16

18.Atradergives12%additionaldiscountonthediscountedprice,aftergivinganinitial
discount of 20% on the labeled price of an item. The final sale price of the item is
Rs.704.Findoutthelabeledprice?
A.1000

B.2000

C.1200

D.920

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:
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ProfitandLoss
Let the labeled price = x

S P = 704

Initial Discount = 20%

80
Price after initial discount = x
100

Additional discount = 12%

80
Price after additional discount = x

88

100

100

But Price after additional discount = S P = 704

80
x

88

= 704

100

4
x

100

22

= 704
25

25
x = 704

22

25
= 176

5
22

= 8 25 5 = 40 25 = 1000

19.AmansellstwohousesattherateofRs.1.995lakhseach.Ononehegains5%and
ontheother,heloses5%.Whatishisgainorlosspercentinthewholetransaction?
A.0.25%.

B..3%

C..4%

D..5%

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ProfitandLoss

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:
Ifapersonsellstwoitemsatthesamepriceoneatagainofx%andanotherata

lossofx%,thentheselleralwaysincursalossexpressedas

Common Loss and Gain%


Loss% = (

x
= (

10

)
10

5
So in this case, he will have a loss. Loss% = (

)
10

1
= (

1
= (

) = .25
4

20. John purchased a machine for Rs. 80,000. After spending Rs.5000 on repair and
Rs.1000ontransporthesolditwith25%profit.Whatpricedidhesellthemachine?
A.Rs.107000.

B.Rs.107500.

C.Rs.108500.

D.Noneofthese

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
C P = 80, 000 + 5000 + 1000 = 86000

P rof it = 25%

(100 + Gain%)
SP =

(100 + 25)
CP =

100

125
=

86000
100

5
86000 =

100

86000 = 5 21500 = 107500


4

21. By selling an item for Rs.15, a trader loses one sixteenth of what it costs him. The
costpriceoftheitemis
A.Rs.14

B.Rs.15

C.Rs.16

D.Rs.17

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
S P = 15

CP
Loss =
16

Loss = C P S P = C P 15

CP

= C P 15
16

15 CP

= 15
16

CP

= 1
16

C P = 16

22. A shopkeeper sells his goods at cost price but uses a weight of 800 gm instead of
kilogramweight.Whatishisprofitpercentage?
A.18%

B.40%

C.25%

D.20%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:
Ifatraderprofessestosellhisgoodsatcostprice,butusesfalseweights,then

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

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ProfitandLoss
Error
Gain% = [

100] %
(True Value Error)

200
So here profit percentage = [

100] %
(1000 200)

200
= [

100] % = 25%
800

23.Prasanthboughtacarandpaid10%lessthantheoriginalprice.Hesolditwith30%
profit on the price he had paid. What percentage of profit did he earn on the original
price?
A.17%

B.16%

C.18%

D.14%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
Let the original price = 100

Then the price at which he purchased (CP) = 90% of 100 = 90

P rof it = 30%

(100 + P rof it%)


SP =

(100 + 30)
CP =

100

90
100

130
=

90 = 13 9 = 117
100

(117 100)
Required% =

100 = 17%
100

24. If a seller reduces the selling price of an item from Rs.400 to Rs.380, his loss
increasesby2%.Whatisthecostpriceoftheitem?
A.1000

B.800

C.1200

D.1100

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
C P 400
Initial Loss% =

100
CP

C P 380
If the SP is reduced from 400 to 380, Loss% =

100
CP

It is given that If the SP is reduced from 400 to 380, Loss% increases by 2

C P 380

C P 400
100

CP

100 = 2
CP

2 CP
(C P 380) (C P 400) =
100

2 CP
20 =
100

20 100
CP =

= 1000
2

25. A trader keeps the marked price of an item 35% above its cost price. The
percentageofdiscountallowedtogain8%is
A.None

B.30%

C.25%

D.20%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionD
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
Let the Cost Price (CP) =100

100 135
Then Market Price =

= 135
100

(100 + Gain%)
If he wants to gain 8%, SP =

(100 + 8)
CP =

100

(135 108)
Discount % =

100 = 108
100

2700
100 =

135

= 20
135

26. Arun bought a computer with 15% discount on the labeled price. He sold the
computerforRs.2880with20%profitonthelabeledprice.Atwhatpricedidhebuythe
computer?
A.Rs.3000

B.Rs.2080

C.Rs.2040

D.Rs.2000

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
SP = 2880

Arun sold the computer with 20% profit on the Labeled Price

120 Labeled Price


2880 =
100

(2880 100)
Labeled Price =

28800
=

120

9600
=

12

= 2400
4

Arun bought a computer with 15% discount on the labeled price

Labeled Price 85
=> CP =

2400 85
=

100

= 24 85 = 2040
100

27.AnitemwassoldforRs.27.50withaprofitof10%.IfitwassoldforRs.25.75,what
wouldhavebeenthepercentageofprofitorloss?
A.3%

B.2%

C.4%

D.5%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
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ProfitandLoss

Explanation:
SP=27.5

Profit=10%

100

100

CP =

2750

SP =

27.5 =

(100 + P rof it%)

(100 + 10)

= 25
110

IftheitemwassoldforRs.25.75,

(25.75 25)
Gain% =

.75
100 =

25

100 = 3%
25

28.IfsellingpriceofanarticleisRs.250,profitpercentageis25%.Findtheratioofthe
costpriceandthesellingprice
A.5:3

B.3:5

C.4:5

D.5:4

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss

SP=250

Profit=25%

100

100

CP =

100

SP =
(100 + Profit%)

250 ==

250 = 200
125

(100 + 25)

RequiredRatio=200:250=4:5

29.AmaterialispurchasedforRs.600.Ifonefourthofthematerialissoldatalossof
20%andtheremainingatagainof10%,Findouttheoverallgainorlosspercentage?
A. 3

B. 2

%
2

1
%
2

C. 3%

D. 2%

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:
CP=600

PriceReceivedbysellingonefourthofthematerialatalossof20%

1
=
4

http://www.careerbless.com/aptitude/qa/profitloss.php

80
600

= 120
100

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ProfitandLoss

PriceReceivedbyremainingmaterialatagainof10%

3
=

110
600

= 495
100

SP=120+495=615

(S P C P )
Profit% =

(615 600)
100 =

CP

15
100 =

600

15
100 =

600

5
=

1
= 2

%
2

30. A shopkeeper buys pencils at 9 for Rs. 16 and sells them at 11 for Rs. 22. Find out
hislossorgainpercentage?
A. 12

1
%

B. 12%

C. 14%

D. 11

2
%
3

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ProfitandLoss

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionA
Explanation:
16
CP of 1 pencil =
9
22
SP of 1 pencil =

= 2
11
16
(2

Profit% =

)
9

(S P C P )
100 =
CP

100 =

16

16

100
100 =

1
= 12

%
2

31. A reduction of 10% in the price of a pen enabled a trader to purchase 9 more for
Rs.540.Whatisthereducedpriceofthepen?
A.8

B.6

C.5

D.4

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Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionB
Explanation:

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ProfitandLoss
Let price of a pen = x

540
Number of pens purchased for Rs.540 =
x

90x
Price of a pen after the reduction of 10% =

9x
=

100

10

540
Number of pens purchased for Rs.540 with reduced price =

600
=

9x

10

600
Additional pens purchased =

540

60
=

Given that Additional pens purchased = 9

60

= 9
x

60
x =
9

60
Reduced price of the pen =

90

= 6
100

32.SunilpurchasestwobooksatRs.300each.Hesoldonebook10%gainandotherat
10%loss.Whatisthetotallossorgaininpercentage?
A.10%gain

B.1%loss

C.Nolossornogain

D.1%gain

HideAnswer | Notebook |Discuss


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ProfitandLoss

Hereistheanswerandexplanation
Answer:OptionC
Explanation:
CPoftwobooks=300+300=600

110
SP of two books =300

90
+ 300

100

300
=

100

(110 + 90) = 3 200 = 600


100

TotalSP=TotalCP

HenceNolossornogain

Comments(126) SortNewest
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showing110of126comments,sortednewesttotheoldest

T.Kamalakar 1yearago
ashopkeepersoldafurnitureforrs.32000andlost20%.calculatethemaximumretail
price
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(0) Reply

vinod 1yearago
Lettheretailpricebex

helost20%bysellingitat32000.thatmeanshesolditemat80%ofretailprice.
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ProfitandLoss

80x/100=32000

x=40000

maximumretailpriceis40,000
(0)

(0) Reply

Dev 1yearago
helost20%bysellingitat32000.thatmeanshesolditemat80%ofretailprice.

itiswrongtoassumelikethis.Theabovestatementmeanshesolditemat80%of
costprice.

CostpriceandMaximumRetailPricearedifferent
(0)

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(0) Reply

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Dev 1yearago
Insufficientdata

T.Kamalakar 1yearago
5%of80%ofrs3000is

Dev 1yearago
80%ofRs.3000=3000*80/100
5%of80%ofRs3000=3000*80/100*5/100=120

Dev 1yearago
Amanpurchased30kgofriceattherateofRs.17.5.perkgandanother30kgriceata
certainrate.HemixthetwoandsoldtheentirequantityattherateofRs.18.60/kgand
made20%overallprofit.AtwhatPriceperkgdidhepurchasedthelotofanother30kgrice

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ProfitandLoss

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Dev 1yearago
Letthepriceperkgoftheother30kgricebex
Costpriceis30*17.5+30*x=30(17.5+x)

SellingPrice=60*18.60=Rs.1116

Profitis20%
CostPrice*120/100=SellingPrice
30(17.5+x)*120/100=1116
17.5+x=31
x=13.5

kubaib 1yearago
Letmeseewhoissmarterinthisgroup.Answerifucan.Averysimplebutconfusing
puzzle.

Aladybuysgoodsworthrs.200fromashop.(shopkeepersellingthegoodswithzero
profit).Theladygiveshim1000rsnote.Theshopkeepergetsthechangefromthenextshop
andkeeps200forhimselfandreturnsrs.800todlady.Latertheshopkeeperofthenext
shopcomeswiththe1000rsnotesaying"duplicate"andtakeshismoneyback."Howmuch
LOSSdidtheshopkeeperface?"

A.200
B.800
C.1200
D.1800
E.2000
F.1600
G.Other
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ArunKumar 1yearago

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ProfitandLoss

Simplyshopkeeperhadalossofrs.2000/
FirsthegaveladyRs.1000/(Rs.800cashandRs.200goodworth)
SecondlossRs.1000offakecurrency.
(0)

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