Meeting

No.

Topic

Lecture Objectives
(After the Lecture, the student must be able to do the following)

Suggested
Problems

Class Policies
1

Review of Statics
Equations of Equilibrium & Shear and
Bending Moment Diagram
Introduction to the Concept of Stress

Normal Stress and Centric Loading

Shear Stress

1. Identify the relationship of force, area of application and stress

developed from the previous quantities
2. Identify & calculate the different stresses developed in a
member/part of a structure

1.54, 1.98
(Hibbeler)
1.8; 1.55; 1.60
(Beer)

Bearing and Punching Stress

Strain Concepts
Normal Strain
3

Shear Strain

1. Determine the strains caused by stresses

2. Identify how materials react when stressed within the Elastic
Limit
3. Determine the limitations of the Hooke's Law
4. Understand the Stress-Strain Diagram for Axial Loading

2.3, 2.19
(Hibbeler)
2.26, 2.81-82
(Beer)

Material Properties
The Stress-Strain Diagram and Hooke's Law
Strain Energy
Poisson's Ratio & Generalized Hooke's Law
4

Shear Stress-Strain Diagram & Hooke's Law

for Shear

1. Determine how strains affect one another

2. Describe the General Form of the Hooke's law
3. Understand the stress-strain diagram for Shear stress
4. Determine the allowable stresses for a given Factor of Safety
and vice versa

3.16, 3.22
(Hibbeler)
2.63
(Beer)

Allowable Stresses and Factors of Safety

Stresses and Deformations Arising from Axial
Loading
5&6

Axial Deformation Formulae from Statics

Analysis of Statically Determinate Axially
Loaded Members
Temperature Effects, Thermal Stress

Axial Loading:
4.45, 4.59
(Hibbeler)

Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded

Members

1. Derive the Axial Deformation Formulae

2. Apply the Axial Deformation Formula Correctly
3. Determine the stresses and/or strains caused by change in
temperature
4. Design/Analyze statically determinate/indeterminate, axially
loaded members (with the use of suitable compatibility
equations)

2.40, 2.41
(Beer)
Thermal:
4.86, 4.93
(Hibbeler)
2.49, 2.60
(Beer)

1st Long Exam

Stress
and
strain
distributions
become
uniform at a relatively
short distance from the
load application points.

Saint-Venants Principle:
Stress distribution may be
assumed independent of the
mode of load application
EXCEPT in the immediate
vicinity of load application
points.

RECALL:
On the elastic region of stress-strain diagram,
Hookes Law applies for homogenous material:

= E
In general,

()
()

and

General equation:

where:

= deformation of one point of a bar

relative to another point
L
= original length of the bar
P(x) = internal force at the section,
located a distance x from one end
A(x) = cross-sectional area of the bar,
expressed as a function of x
E
= modulus of elasticity of the material

Simplified equations:
a. for prismatic members that
experience constant internal force
throughout its length

b. for members subjected to different

(not varying) external loads or
different cross-sectional area on each
segment

Displacement
Vector representing the movement
of one point from an initial
position to a final position
Rigid body components:
Translation
Rotation
Deformation components:
Expansion / contraction

Displacement (movement)
of point B with respect to
point A

The deformation of a member due to change

in temperature can be calculated using:

t L(T )
t = deformation due to change in temperature
= linear coefficient of thermal expansion. [ in 1/C or
1/K ]
L = original length of the member
T = change in temperature of the member

Thermal Strain:

t (T )

The composite A-36 steel

bar shown is made form two
segments, AB and BD
having
cross-sectional
areas of AAB= 600 mm2 and
ABD = 1200 mm2. E = 200
GPa
a) the displacement of B
relative to C
b) Determine the vertical
displacement of end A

The assembly shown consists of an aluminum

tube AB having cross-sectional area of 400 mm2.
A steel rod having a diameter of 10 mm is
attached to a rigid collar and passes through the
tube. If a tensile load of 80 kN is applied to the
rod, determine the displacement of the end C of
the rod.
Est = 200 GPa
Eal = 70 GPa

The rigid bar BDE is

supported by two links AB
and CD. Link AB is made of
aluminum (E = 70 GPa) and
has a cross-sectional area of
500 mm2; link CD is made of
steel (E = 200 GPa) and has
a cross-sectional area of
600 mm2. For the 30-kN
force shown, determine the
deflection (a) of B, (b) of
D,(c) of E.

Rigid beam AB rests on the two short posts shown

in the figure. AC is made of steel and has a
diameter of 20 mm, and BD is made of aluminum
and has a diameter of 40 mm. Determine the
displacement of point F on AB if a vertical load of
90 kN is applied over this point.
Est = 200 GPa
Eal = 70 GPa

1. Determine the internal

forces in each bar
2. unlock the bars by
removing the pin at B
3. visualize the deformation
in each element due to
the respective internal
forces
4. reintroduce joint / pin,
visualize rigid body
rotation

B
B
B

Displacement due to
contraction/elongation
Displacement due to
rigid body rotation

For the system shown, the

cross-sectional area for
members AB and BC are
1200 mm2 and 900 mm2,
respectively. Determine the
horizontal
and
vertical
displacement of point B.
Assume E = 125 GPa for
both bars.

30

Beer, F.P. et al. (2006). Mechanics of

materials. 6th Ed. SI. McGraw-Hill

Hibbeler, R.C. (2000). Mechanics of

materials. 4th Ed. Prentice Hall