Report on MDY 06 - Madrid

Diseo de Yates
Conference for yacht design and production
Period of trip: 29 March 2 April

Participants:
Kasper Wederse, Stig Knudsen, Vishnu Raja, Jos Blasques,
Jean-Baptiste Joly, Kasper Karlsen and Claus Jenstrup

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2006-06-06

Contents
Appreciations............................................................................................................................... 1
Diary............................................................................................................................................. 2
Wednesday 29th march.............................................................................................................. 2
Thursday 30th march ................................................................................................................. 2
Friday 31th march...................................................................................................................... 6
Saturday 1st april ..................................................................................................................... 10
Sunday 2nd april ...................................................................................................................... 11

Appreciations
First and foremost we would like to thank our sponsors, because without them the trip for this
conference would not have been able to be carried out.

Man B&W

DNV, Det Norske Veritas

Section of Coastal, Maritime and Structural engineering at Department of

mechanical engineering, DTU.

Danmarks Rederiforening

Bureau Veritas

Danish Maritime

A.P. Mller, Technical organisation

We are very thankful for the financial support we have gotten from the above sponsors. It is
important to realize that these investments in broadening our horizon, provides valuable insight
for students like our selves and makes it possible for us to understand some of the new thinking
that takes place all around the world.

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Diary
This report serves as an overview of our experiences made during this trip and it is build up as a
diary of the trip. In this diary both experiences made outside the conference as well as at the
conference will be told. For the conference the different presentations given, will be
summarized and our main benefit of these will be explained.

Wednesday 29th march

All seven participants met in the Airport at 14:00 and we checked in to the flight taking us to
Madrid at 15:30. After 3 hour flight we arrived at Madrid airport and we had agreed only to
bring a small bag, so that we could hurry to the university and get registered. In spite of the
plane being 30-40 min. late we managed to get there in time and we met the committee of the
symposium and got the brief-case with all the material for the presentations. We had made
reservations at a hostel some way from the university and after having met the committee we
went in to the city to find this hostel at Gran Via right beside Plaza de Espana. We placed our
bags and went out to get some dinner and giving that we now were in Spain of course we should
have some Tappas and a nice cold San Miguel. We took a walk round the city and saw some of
the very exiting night-life in Madrid and finally ended at a cosy bar where we enjoyed the rest
of the evening before going back to the hostel to get a good nights sleep.

Thursday 30th march

Everybody got up at 7 AM and after a shower and a sparse breakfast delivered by the hostel we
went down to the very efficient subway which took us near the university. The weather was
very nice and compared to Denmark this felt like summer, but unfortunately the pale
participants had to stay indoor most the day. This was off course up weighted by the fact that we
were all very curious of how this conference would be and see the papers being presented by
soon to be fellow colleagues.

The gathering before starting the presentations and the entire group outside the university

The next section is written as the program for the first day of the conference, i.e. primarily
summaries of the different presentations.
08:30 09:00

Introduction by the committee

09:00 09:35
Alberto Fernandez and Mohamed Reda Chakkor
Airfoil Section Optimization for use in Sailboats Foils

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In this lecture the use of modern optimization processes for optimizing Airfoil sections are
discussed. In further details the optimization is carried out through use of Neural Networks and
Genetic algorithms. A neural network is an imitation of the human brain. It makes it possible for
a computer to learn from events and to compare shapes. The genetic algorithm is an elimination
process that operates with the principle of Survival of the fittest. The algorithm creates new
designs through evaluation of the old designs. The evaluation is carried out by the use of panel
codes and CFD. To make sure not to miss any of the good solutions the algorithm can mutate
solutions to create new solutions. This ensures the optimization ends at the global optimum
instead of ending at a local optimum.
09:35 10:10
F Di. Cio, D. Peri and M. Roccaldo
Upright Resistance Analysis of the IACC Systematic Series: Il Moro de Venezia
For the Americas Cup in 1992 a new set of rules was implemented. Because of the rule chance
the syndicates had to start from scratch with the development of the boats. This resulted in a
large amount of tank tests. This project used the data from the Italian Syndicate to test new
ways of calculating the residuary resistance of underwater hulls. The new methods were the use
of neural networks and algorithms. The project experienced a lot of problems due to the format
of the old Data but solved this by conversion with an old computer. The conclusion of the
analysis was that the new methods gave a good prediction of the resistance.

Some of us carefully listening to the translation of a presentation and the auditorium

10:10 10:45
BaiKai-xiang,WangDe-xun and HanJiu-rui
Calculating of VPP and the optimal route method based on the data of wind tunnel and tank test
This paper was unfortunately taken out of the programme.
10:45 11:15

---------------- Coffee Break-----------------------

11:15 11:50
Mara Luisa Seoane, Alfredo Bermudez and Javier Porto
Numerical Simulation of Sail Aerodynamics
The work behind the presented paper is aiming at the ability of making numerical aerodynamic
simulations without being experts. The presenter is a student at the University of Santiago de
Compostela in the northern Spain (Javier Porto), unfortunately the paper handed out is in
Spanish but the lively and enthusiastic presentation made up for this.

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The product of the work is a program developed to establish interaction between the
commercial FEM code Marc and the commercial CFD program Fluent. The developed program
is based on a Fortran code. The program acts as a manager between the programs and through a
user friendly interface the simulations can be setup and controlled. The post processing is then
done in the respective commercial programs. The manager also solves the air flow and
membrane equations, and is obtaining the fluid forces on the sail. It builds a 2D sail mesh from
a defined 3D model and is applying the dynamics on the sails by approximated applied springs.
The approximations are done by empirical equations based on statistics.
The conclusions to the project are that this first draft code produces good quality results in a
fairly easy way, and this numerical simulation is much cheaper than, and a good alternative to,
the widely used wind tunnel tests. The next steps was presented and these included an increase
of element numbers, computations in order to model the turbulence of the boundary layer, and
adding anisotropic material behaviour to the sails, which at this stage is model as isotropic.
11:50 12:25
Vicent G. Chapin, R. Neyhousser, G. Dulliand and P. Chassaing
Analysis, Design and Optimization of Navier-Stokes Flows around Interacting Sails
By using the newly developed program ADONF (Analysis, Design and Optimization of NavierStokes Flows) the project group have been able to describe the flow around interacting sails, in
a faster and more reliable way than before. The project group concluded that with the use of
viscous CFD based on RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations) and by using
ADONF as the computational environment the yacht design and optimization, with respect to
aerodynamics becomes more efficient. The optimization can furthermore be done through
implemented evolutionary algorithms.
The next step for the project group is to extend ADONF to go from handling 2D interacting
sails to handle full 3D models. Furthermore will the ADONF be coupled to a VPP in order to
enhance this as an integrated design tool.
David Fernndez-Gutirrez, Mael le Garrec, Julio GarcaEspinosa, M. Menec and Antonio Souto Iglesias
A GiD-Based Implementation of a Panel Method for Sailing yachts Flow Computation

12:25 13:00

This project has been going on as a student project at the University on which the MDY 06 was
held. The project concerns implementation of a panel code method into a commercial pre and
post processor (GiD), in order to simulate the hydrodynamic flows around sailing yachts. The
lifting wing sections such as keel and rudder have been modelled as examined thoroughly
ending up in the panel method. The keyword in the project is the lift calculations of these
appendages. To validate the method experimental tests with an Americas Cup boat model have
been carried out, showing that the method is promising, especially concerning induced drag
calculations, but much work has to be done. Nevertheless is the main conclusion that the project
until now is the only potential CFD code that runs on GiD and includes calculations of lifting
appendages.
13:00 14:45

----------------Lunch-----------------------

14:45 15:20
J A Keuning and K J Vermeulen
An Approximation Method for the Added Resistance in Waves of a Sailing Yacht
The main scope of this paper is to introduce a method to assess the added resistance in waves of
sailing yachts. The proposed method has been developed to be used in a VPP environment and
should enable a comparison between a large number of designs. Moreover, it should estimate

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the trends correctly (seen by the authors as often more important then the absolute values) and
take into account user defined wave spectrum. The method has proved to be reliable for a wide
variety of sailing yachts offering important information on the trend of the added resistance in
waves for different wave spectrum.
15:20 16:05
Erik-Jan de Ridder, Guilhem Gaillarde and F. van Walree
Advanced and Future Hydrodynamic Optimization Tools in Sail Yacht Design
The aim of the presentation was to bring an update of the different tools being used nowadays at
the renowned institution MARINE, Holland.
The first product to be presented falls in the field of the CFD calculations. The already existing
program RAPID has been extended with a sailing yacht module, which solves the exact, fully
non-linear potential flow problem by an iterative method. The code results (wave profile along
hull and measured forces, trim and sinkage) were compared against experimental data showing
good agreement.
For the calculation of the viscous flow around a hull the PARNASSOS code is used. This code
solves the steady RANS equations for the flow around the hull. Once again it is claimed by
MARINE that validations have shown a generally good prediction of the flow and separation
phenomena. This code is though to be especially appropriate for the analysis of the flow around
super-yachts which, due to draft limitations in harbour, have low aspect ratio keels where
viscous effects are relevant.
Subsequently, a new non-intrusive technique for the flow visualisation being used at MARINE
is presented. This technique is called Particle Image Velocimetry and is a powerful tool to
validate CFD calculations.
Finally the emphasis is put in seakeeping and manoeuvring aspects. This part of the yacht
design spiral is claimed to have been understudied in the past. Nevertheless, this is seen now as
the new field where further hull optimization may pass by. MARINE presents its time domain
panel method for seakeeping, PANSHIP, which is being used in study of ACC yachts.
16:15 16:45

---------------- Coffee Break-----------------------

16:45 17:20
Paul Fairbrother
Introduction of the revised MCA Large Yacht Code and Its widening international acceptance
Code of practice developed for large commercial sailing and motor yachts, issued in 1997 for
the safety and pollution prevention. The alternative standard codes are like SOLAS,
International load line convention and MARPOL. The code applicable in United Kingdom and
Red Ensign flagged vessels. This coding is applicable for other flagged yachts as it is specially
designed for these types of vessels and ability to certify as commercial vessel, financial and tax
incentives for owners. It was first implemented as LY1 and later was reviewed with greater
recognition of industrys needs and International working groups, and was issued in 2005 as LY
2 with same safety level. It is essential to have only one set of international technical standards.
Italian code almost identical to UKs. LY 2 is to be basis of International Code. This coding is
global not European.
The governance of the council would be one member per administration including second
registries. The working groups has been divided into two Manning and Construction &
Equipment. The code continues to evolve and develop meeting the needs of large yacht
industry.
17:20 17:55
Marcado CE

Sonia Barbeira

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2006-06-06

After this tight program of presentations we went home to the hostel relaxed a little before
going out for dinner. This dinner was included in the admission for the conference, and it took
place at a very nice restaurant outside the city. It had all included with a delicious 3-meal course
and drinks, and below is two pictures of the group together with a colleague from Chalmars,
Gteborg at our table.

After this very nice dinner, we all went back to the city where we were dropped off at the
university. Here some of the students meat with us and took us to a bar nearby. We had some
drinks with them, but we where all tired after a long day and knowing that we had to get up the
next day and listen to presentations, we all went home to the hostel.

Friday 31th march

As yesterday we all got up had some breakfast, but this time in a Starbucks Coffee shop right
below our hostel, this because the breakfast served at the hostel was not that energetic. After
this we went to the university and got ready for another day of interesting presentations, which
below will be explained briefly as before.
09:00 09:35
Patrick J. Bray
Super Fuel Efficient Long Range
Patrick j. Bray was suppose to talk about super fuel efficient long range motor yachts, but he
was unfortunately enable to come, so this presentation was held by a student from the
committee. There was talk about the growing demand of motor yachts there are able to travel
long distance such as ocean or trans atlantics passages at low cost and in a safe and combatable
way. When there was talk about motor yachts from 50 foot and up, he was comparing his design
and his ideas to a typical fishing trawler, showing some result from tank testing of both.
09:35 10:10
Patrick Hooijmans and Guilhem Gaillarde
Hydrodynamics of Large Motor Yachts: Past and Future Developments
Patrick Hooijmans is from a company which has done over 50 designs for the last couple of
years. His company had experienced a tendency of growing demand of motor yachts in the size
of up to 50 meters from the late 1980 and the demand of comfort, seaworthiness, maneuvering,
longer range, look and design is extremely high. Going through some of the design parameters,
like CFD calculation, hull form optimizing, speed power prediction, we got to see some of the
problems the navel architect can meet when making a custom made boat. A common demand
from the owner is no heeling or noise, and the comfort of the boat has to be almost like home.

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This lead the presentation in to the question about roll damping, anti roll tank, bulbs and design
of propellers.
10:10 10:45
Paolo Manganelli and M.A.Hobbs
An Alternative Approach to the Design of Structures Exposed to Slamming Loads
P. Manganellis presentation was about an alternative approach to the design of structures
exposed of slamming loads, which is a big problem for boats doing high speeds.
He explained about the common problems and mistakes the navel architect/boat designer can
meet or do. He illustrated some slamming scenario that a sailing yacht can experience during
sailing, which in worst-case scenario could result in delaminating of the hull. He gave away
some free advises about how to prevent delaminating of the hull, by actually not adding more
strength to the slamming area. He also showed some animated films about how the load was
distributed in the milliseconds after the boat has been slammed in to water. This presentation
was especially interesting for many of us, and there were a lot of questions to this presentation
afterwards. It seemed to be a common problem of big concern for many of us.
10:45 11:15

---------------- Coffee Break-----------------------

11:15 11:50
Sito Avils
Balance Ocean Catamaran 20
Sito Avils Ramos has presented his design of a 20 feet catamaran drawn to beat the record of
Atlantic Ocean crossing. The two sailors involved in the project - Andrea Gancia and Matteo
Miceli had imposed some design specifications as non-sinkability, lightness and rigidity for
instance. The first part of the talk dealt with design choices and aerodynamics and
hydrodynamics of the final concept. The presentation ended with the narrative of the successful
attempt from Senegal to Guadeloupe in less than 13 days and 14 hours.
11:50 12:25
Iigo Echenique
New Integrated Stabilizer System for yachts Under Anchor or at Low Speed
Iigo Echenique has presented the state of his research in the development of stabilisers system
to reduce the rolling movement of yachts at low speed. Different concepts of passive and active
systems were described. The chosen concept consists in two articulated plates that are part of
the hull in folded condition and that are extended to the sides acting as very large bilge keels
with the vessel at anchor. Tank tests and real scale tests have shown a high damping efficiency
and rolling period increment. A second application of a dynamic system with the same basis is
under development.
E.Carrillo, I.Trejo, J.Vicario, F.Escarpa, P.Ferrer, M.Rosa and
N.Sironi
Tcnicas de ingeniera inversa empleadas para la medicin de carenas de barcos de regatas:
escner lser y anlisis tridimensional
12:25 13:00

The 3D laser scanner systems are widely used in the high technology industry but because of
their price and complexity its use in the specific context of the IMS measurement is not yet
widely spread. E. Carrillo has presented a study of technical and economical viability of the use
of laser scanners to measure racing sail yacht hulls. Some practical results have already been
achieved showing a very high density of points and a precision that can reach a few millimeters.
The final objective is the development of a measurement protocol and an automatic processing
of the results.

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13:00 14:30

2006-06-06

----------------Lunch-----------------------

14:30 15:05
Matteo Ledri, Mauro Poian, Carlo Poloni
Process Integration and Multi-Objective Optimization for Yacht Designs
Yacht design is characterized by large number of variables, constraints (box rule, stability
requirement, etc.) opposing requirements like overall performance vs. rating and time to
investigate wide range of alternatives. Optimization is selection of best option from a range of
possible choices. Objectives are the response parameters like maximum efficiency,
performance, etc and minimum cost, weight, etc. Constraints are the quantities imposed to the
project i.e., maximum admissible stress, deformation, acceleration, total volume, thickness, etc.
Optimization methodologies are robustness, speed and accuracy.
Process optimization requires automatic evaluation of a large number of design variables using
software tools. Design evaluation is like black box that defines relation between input and
output variables. This is applicable to structural optimization of a sailboat composite hull (FE
analysis in Ansys) and multi-objective optimization of an IACC yacht bulb (Parameterization of
geometry in CATIA). Optimization of an IMS racing yacht (upwind performance). Calculation
of CFD matrix using REVA.
Repetitive and tedious operation are carried out automatically, human errors avoided, data
stored in a consistent database to test every configuration. Designers efforts are focused more
on key decision than on the numerical analysis. The simulation tools are set of numerical
formulae that can be cut down by proper interpolation model like RSM that cuts down the
computation time.
15:05 15:40
Julio Garca-Espinosa and Aleix Valls
Un Nuevo Metodo de Elementos Finitos para el Analisis de la Extincion del Movimiento de
Balance
This paper introduces a new stabilized finite element method and ALE techniques (Arbitrary
Lagrangian Eulerian formulation), specially developed for analysis of naval hydrodynamics
problems. The main innovation of this method is the application of domain decomposition
concept in the statement of the problem, in order to increase accuracy in the capture of the free
surface as well as in the resolution of the governing equations in the interface between the two
fluids. Free surface capturing is based on the solution of a level set equation, while Navier
Stokes equations are solved using an iterative monolithic predictor-corrector algorithm. Where
the correction step is based on the imposition of null divergence in the velocity field by means
of the solution of scalar equation for the pressure.
This work presents a new methodology to the simulation of roll movement in a real geometry of
a planning craft.
15:40 16:15
Fabio Fossati
Sailboat Dynamics Identification and Control using Neural Networks
The aim of the paper is to present a new method for the design of autopilots. The author starts
by identifying two different loops in the human steering strategy: the first consisting in a low
frequency based loop concerning tracking error minimization (helmsman corrects course with
rudder movement to keep in desired track) while the second is a high frequency control of the
boat dynamics in order to maximize the boat speed (the helmsman will react to the external
wind and sea conditions based on its intuition). While the first control loop is well covered by
the existing autopilots, the second one still requires a lot of improvement. The author proposes a

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new method based in neural networks which offers great improvement to this second loop. The
systems input is the wind, compass and GPS data together with the motion transducers data and
the output comes as a steering reaction from the autopilot. The method is proved to be very
reliable when compared to given target data. Although the presented results are very
encouraging for anyone involved in short handed sailing, the author has been struggling with
lack of funds for this project.
16:15 16:45

---------------- Coffee Break-----------------------

16:45 17:20
ngel Fernndez
I+D+i Atenas periodo 2001-2004: Vela Olmpica
Angel Fernndez is the director of the Spanish sail federation (RFEV), he was invited to talk
about the technical design improvements RFEV has made during the recent years.
Back in 2001 RFEV made a design committee to improve the designs for the 2004 Olympics in
Athens, and thereby improve the chances for the Spanish sailing teams. The first step was to
create a database containing experiences and knowledge, this was done in order to avoid
reinventing the wheel. This database is still today expanding and widely used. The committee
also developed CFD models to gain knowledge and solve reoccurring problems for the Tornado
sailing crew. This concerned the Tornado main sail, which then were subjected to extensive
parameter studies and the vortex-lattice method was applied. The design committee also
designed a new 4 meters long carbon (CFRP) boom for the tornado, this boom is now 4 years
old but still in use, and is furthermore holding the world championship together with the
Tornado. Material characterization of sails, design of new low friction winches, mast analysis
and wind tunnel testing are other aspects the committee have been involved in.
Mr. Fernndez concluded that the various analyses have been very important and giving, and all
Spanish Olympic teams are using the results and conclusions.
17:20 17:55
Juan Kouyoumdjian
A practical experience in the use of yacht design tools
Juan Kouyoymdjian is one of the most respected designers at this moment. He designed the
winning boat for the Volvo Ocean Race this year and he is highly involved in the Americas Cup
syndicate Oracle. His lecture was about working methods for the designer. The Designer has
three working methods. Science, intuition and the combination. The science method is
expensive because of the need of many tests and expensive computer simulations. The intuition
method is the old fashion way of designing and it gives good results but it doesnt bring the
design to the edge. The combination is often the most efficient method. The use of tank tests
and computer simulations are important tools in the design process. But the conclusion of the
test is of the most importance. The optimizing process should be used carefully because of the
complexity of a sailing yacht. Use of full race simulators is good but can be difficult because of
changeable conditions.
17:55 18:15

Closing by the committee

After this tight program of presentations we went home to

the hostel relaxed a little before going out to have dinner.
Fortunately we have had some friends from Madrid (see
picture) staying at DTU in the past semester and we hooked
up with them and they showed us the city and we had a very
good time with them.

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Saturday 1st april

This was a free day for us meaning no presentations. After some breakfast we went out into the
city as tourist and saw some of the great monuments, such as the royal palace the very beautiful
city park and the sensational huge Estadio Santiago Bernabeu (see pictures).

Royal palace

Overview of Estadio San Bernabeu

Hot salsa in the street

Vishnu and Kasper in the park

Children playing a football game in the park

A very important Petanque game somewhere in Madrid

After haven walked the city, we all went out for dinner and to see some football. It turned out
that Real Madrid and Barcalona, were playing each other this Saturday night. Unfortunately in
Barcalona, but even though it was a funny experience to see a game like that in Madrid. This
was a very joyful day for all of us and we all had some relaxation in Madrid

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Sunday 2nd april

This day was primarily meant for travelling and after some breakfast at the famous Starbucks
Coffee shop, we took the subway to the airport. We had scheduled departure at 11:05 and
therefore we had arranged it, so that the time in the airport was minimal. The plane was a little
late, but we made it back to Denmark almost in time and we parted in Copenhagen at 15:30.
This after having experienced a very exiting trip with a lot of good memories both in terms of
professionally development, but also on the personal level with some new contacts to
companies in our future line of businesses.

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