Chem.

0123 2016
CHAPTER 5 Homework Assignments:
Part one

Assigned Monday 10/31

DUE: Wednesday 11/2

1) Perform the following conversions: a) 0.850 atm to torr, b) 785 torr to kilopascals,
d) 1.323 x 105 Pa to atm e) 2.34 atm to psi (See page 200, Table 5.1 in tro.)

c) 655 mm Hg to atm,

2) a) Write the formula for Boyles law. b) Sketch a graph showing the relationship between V and

1
P when

temperature and moles are constant. c) A sample of gas has an initial volume of 15.9 L at a pressure of 1.12 atm.
If the sample is compressed to a volume of 12.4 L, what will its pressure be? Assume the temperature and number of
moles remain constant. (See pages 202-204 in Tro.)
3) a) Write the formula for Charless Law. b) Sketch a graph showing the relationship between V and T when pressure
and moles are constant. c) What theoretically happens to the volume of gases at 0 K? d) A syringe containing
2.38 mL of oxygen gas is cooled from 91.5 C to 0.0 C. What will its volume be at the final temperature? Use
temperature in Kelvin. Assume the pressure and number of moles remain constant. (See pages 204-207 in Tro.)
4) a) Write the formula for Avogadros Law. b) Sketch a graph showing the relationship between V and moles, n,
when pressure and temperature are constant c) A cylinder with a moveable piston contains 0.678 mol of gas and has a
volume of 543 mL. What will its volume be if an additional 0.473 mol of gas is added to the cylinder?
Assume the pressure and temperature remain constant. (See pages 207-208 in Tro.)
5) Read the information about measuring pressure with a mercury manometer on page 200 in Tro and the website
http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/GasLaws/manBar.htm An open-end manometer containing mercury is connected to
a container of gas, as depicted in figure 5.5 on page 200.
a) What is the pressure in torr of the gas in the flask if the height of mercury in the arm attached to the flask is measured
at 260 mm with a meter stick and the height of the mercury in the tube open to the atmosphere in the room is 510 mm?
Atmospheric pressure is 0.959 atm. Pgas (torr) = Patomosphere (torr) + h (mm Hg).
(h = height in mm of the mercury open to the atmosphere minus the height in mm of the mercury attached to the flask.)
b) What is the pressure in atm of the gas in the flask if the height of mercury in the arm attached to the flask is measured
at 380 mm with a meter stick and the height of the mercury in the tube open to the atmosphere in the room is 220 mm?
Atmospheric pressure is 0.935 atm.

Part two

Assigned Wednesday 11/2

DUE: Friday 11/4

1) Use the ideal gas equation to calculate the pressure in a 10.0 L cylinder filled with 18.0 g of nitrogen gas N 2 at a
temperature of 295 K? (See pages 208-211 in Tro.)
2) A deep breath of air that fills the lungs has an average volume of 2500 mL at body temperature 37 C and
a pressure of 735 torr. Use the ideal gas equation to determine many moles of gas are in a deep breath? (Hint, you must
convert the units for volume, pressure and temperature to be in the same units as the ideal gas constant R.)

(Continued on the back side of the sheet..)

3) A gas filled weather balloon with a volume of 65.0 L is released at sea level conditions of 755 torr and 23 C. The
balloon rises to an altitude at which the temperature is -5 C and the pressure is 0.062 atm. a) What is the volume of the
gas in the balloon at the higher altitude? b) The balloon can expand to a maximum volume of 850 L. Will the expansion
of the gas at the higher altitude exceed maximum capacity of the balloon?
(See example at https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101118203728AAHdCqY)
4) A piece of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide, CO2) with a mass of 31.6 g sublimes (converts from solid to gas) in a large
balloon. Assuming that all of the carbon dioxide ends up in the balloon, what is the volume of the balloon at a
temperature of 25 C and a pressure of 735 mm Hg? (Convert grams to moles and use the ideal gas equation.)
5) The density of a noble gas (Group 8A) is 2.71 g/L at 3.00 atm and 0 C. Find the molar mass of the gas and identify
the name of the gas. (See pages 212-214 in Tro.)
6) A 140.0 mL glass flask is filled with a gas at 18 C and 743 mm Hg. The flask contains 0.1833 g of gas. Is the gas O 2,
CO, or F2? (Hint, you will answer the question by finding the molar mass of the gas Mgas. You will need to find the
density of the gas in grams per liter, and convert the pressure and temperature to be in the same as the units as the ideal
gas constant R. If you do not convert the flask volume to liters, you will get the wrong answer.)

Part three

Assigned Friday11/4

DUE: Monday 11/7

1) Automobile airbags are inflated upon a serious impact. The impact triggers the following chemical reaction:
2 NaN3(s)

2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g)

If an automobile airbag has a total volume of 1.50 L, then a) How many moles of N2 are needed to inflate the
airbag to 1.10 atm at 22.0 C? b) What mass of NaN3 is required to inflate the airbag?
(Hint, Step 1: use the P,V,T data and the ideal gas law to find moles N2. Step 2: use the reaction stoichiometry
to convert moles N2 into moles NaN3. Step 3: use the molar mass of NaN3 and the moles of NaN3 to find the
grams of NaN3). (See pages 221-222 in Tro.)
2) Consider the reaction:

P4(s) + 5 O2(g)

P4O10(s)

How many liters of oxygen gas at P = 730 torr and T = 18.0 C are required to form 94.6 g of P4O10?
(Hint: Step 1: find the number of moles in 94.6 g P4O10. Step2: use the reaction stoichiometry to convert the
moles of P4O10 into moles of O2. Step3: use ideal gas law and pressure and temperature data to solve for the
volume of O2. The units of P and T must be converted into the same units as R.) (See pages 221-222 in Tro.)
3) A gas mixture contains 1.40 g neon gas Ne gas and 2.80 g oxygen gas O2 gas in a 3.00 L container
at 25.0 C. a) How many moles of neon gas, nNe, and how many moles of oxygen gas, nO2, are present?
b) What is ntotal? What is Ptotal? c) Calculate the mole fractions for neon, Ne, and for oxygen, O2.
d) What are the partial pressures for neon, PNe, and oxygen PO2? (See pages 214-18 in Tro.)

(Continued on the next page..)

4) (See pages 218-220 in Tro.)

Hydrogen gas is produced when lithium metal reacts with sulfuric acid:
2 Li(s) + H2SO4(aq) Li2SO4(g) + H2(g)
Hydrogen gas was collected in a water displacement apparatus as shown in figure 5.14 on page 218 in Tro.
The volume of collected hydrogen gas was 250 mL when the barometric pressure of the room, Ptotal, was
745 mm Hg and the temperature was 20.0 C. a) What is the partial pressure of hydrogen gas, PH2, at these
conditions? You can find the vapor pressure of water versus temperature in Table 5.4, pg 201 of your text.
b)
How many moles of hydrogen gas were produced?
c)
How many grams of lithium metal were consumed in the reaction?
5) A 3.0 L flask contains pure helium gas at a pressure of 120 torr. A second flask with a volume of 1.0 L
contains pure argon gas at a pressure of 80 torr. The two flasks are connected through a stopcock. When the
stopcock is opened, the two gases distribute equally throughout both flasks. What is the partial pressure of each
gas and the total pressure after the stopcock is opened?

(Hint, calculate the total volume (V2) when the stopcock is opened. Then use Boyles Law, P1V1 = P2V2 to find
the partial pressure (P2) of each gas in the total volume. Next, determine the sum of the partial pressures of the
two gases to find the total pressure.)
NOTE: temperature is not specified in the problem, so we cannot use the ideal gas equation to solve the
problem, and thus we cant know the number of moles of gas involved. Please review the three simple gas laws
from sec 5.3 in Tro, page 199.)

(See the next page for part four..)

Part four

Assigned Monday 11/7

DUE: Wednesday 11/9

**EXAM 3 Today**

No homework quiz today. Turn in your homework paper with the exam to receive homework credit.

1) Calculate the pressure for carbon tetrachloride gas, CCl4, when n = 1.0 mol, T = 40 C, V = 28.0 L,
assuming: a) CCl4 obeys the ideal gas equation, and b) CCl4 obeys the van der Waals equation for non-ideal
gases. (van der Waals constants are in Table 5.5 page 233 in Tro. van der Waals equation is on page 235.)
2) a) List two experimental conditions under which gases deviate from ideal behavior.
b) Give two reasons why the gases deviate from ideal behavior at these conditions.
(See pages 233-234 in Tro.)
3) a) Rank the following gases in order of increasing average root mean square velocity urms:
CO, SF6, Cl2, HBr, H2S. You do not need to calculate urms to answer this question. Take into consideration that
molar mass is in the denominator of equation 5.26 on page 228 in Tro.
b) Both hydrogen and chlorine have two naturally occurring isotopes. Rank the following isotope forms of
hydrochloric acid in order of increasing average root mean square velocity: 1H35Cl, 1H37Cl, 2H35Cl, 2H37Cl.
You do not need to calculate urms to answer this question.
c) Calculate the root mean square velocity of CO and Cl2 at 300 K. NOTE: molar mass must be in units of
kg/mol and the R constant has a value of 8.314 kg-m2/s2-mol-K. (See page 228 in Tro.)
d) For your calculation in part c, show how the units cancel out in the equation so that the final answer will
have velocity units of m/s. What would happen to the final units if instead you use molar mass units of g/mol in
the calculation? What would happen to the final answer velocity units if you had used R= 0.0823 L atm/ mol K?
4) An unknown gas effuses at a rate that is 0.491 times that of neon gas, in other words: runk/rneon = 0.491.
Use Grahams law of effusion to calculate the molar mass, M, of the unknown gas. (See page 231 in Tro.)
If the unknown gas is a group 8A element, then what is it? (You may use units of g/mol for molar mass in
Grahams Law problems.)
5) A sample of N2O effuses from a container in 42 seconds. How long will it take for the same amount of
gaseous I2 to effuse from the same container under identical conditions?
Hint, we arent given relative effusion rates as in the previous problem, but instead we can solve the problem as
a function of effusion time. Effusion rate is inversely proportional to effusion time.
rateN2O/rateI2 = effusion timeI2/effusion timeN2O .

M I2
rN2O/rI2 = effusiontime I 2/effu siontime N 2 O= M N 2 O