THUYT MINH K THUT

- H thng ng cp nc cha chy s dng l ng thp en v ng thp trng km chu p lc

tha mn p lc lm vic tnh ton.
3.1.4 Tnh lu lng nc cn thit cha chy.
3.1.4.1 Nhng thng s tnh lu lng nc cha chy.
- Lu lng nc cn thit dng cha chy, lng nc d tr cn thit dng cha chy
ph thuc vo din tch xy dng, khi tch ca nh v cng trnh.
- Theo iu 5.4 QCVN 08: 2009/BXD Lu lng nc cha chy cho phn GARA ngm l 2
hng mi hng 5 l/s.
- Theo iu 5.8 QCVN 08: 2009/BXD lu lng nc cha chy bn ngoi nh cho GARA
ngm l 15 l/s.
- Theo iu 10.14 TCVN 2622-1995 th khu vc thng mi v khch sn dch v cng trnh
ny phi c 2 hng nc cha chy cho 1 im v lu lng nc ca mi hng l 2,5 l/s, lu
lng nc cha chy phi m bo trong 3 gi.
- Theo ph lc A mc A.2.2 gara thuc nhm II ca cc c s c nguy c chy trung bnh, nh
vy theo bng 2 iu 6.4 th cng phun nc l 0,24 l/(s.m2), din tch tnh lu lng
nc cha chy l 240 m2, thi gian cha chy l 60 pht.
- Theo mc A.1 v A.2.1 Ph lc A TCVN 7336-2003 th phn trn nh cn h nn thuc nhm
nguy c trung bnh nhm I. Theo bng 2 iu 6.6 ca tiu chun ny th cng phun nc
l 0,08l/(s.m2), din tch tnh lu lng nc l 120m2, thi gian cha chy l 60 pht.
- Trong cng trnh cn c khu nh hng, qun c ph theo ph lc A mc A2.1 khu vc ny
thuc nhm I c s c nguy c chy trung bnh. Theo bng 2 iu 6.4 th cng phun nc
l 0,12 l/s.m2, din tch tnh lu lng nc cha chy l 240m2, thi gian cha chy l 60
pht.
- Theo iu 4.33 QCVN 08: 2009/BXD mi khoang chy quy nh cho GARA ngm c bc
chu la I, II l 3000m2. Theo iu 7.3 TCVN 7336-2003 th cng phun nc mn ngn l
1l/s cho 1m chiu di. Ti y vng c chiu di mn ngn ln nht l 154m th cng
phun v lu lng nc cha chy l 154l/s cho ton b chiu di 154m.
3.1.4.2 Tnh lu lng, th thch nc cn thit cha chy ca trm bm 01.
Lu lng
- Cha chy Sprinkler: QSP = 0.24*240=57.6 l/s
- Cha chy vch tng: QVT =5*2=10 l/s
- Cha chy ngoi nh: QNN = 15 l/s
- Cha chy mng ngn nc : QDR =154*1.0=154/s.
- Tng lu lng bm cha chy: Q = QSP + QVT + QNN + QDR
= 57.6+10+15+154=236.6l/s=852m3/h
Th tch nc
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy hng vch tng:

THUYT MINH K THUT

VVT = 10(l/s) x 3(gi) x 3.6 = 108 m3
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy ngoi nh:
VNN = 15(l/s) x 3(gi) x 3.6 = 162 m3
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy h Sprinkler:
VSP = 57.6(l/s) x 1(gi) x 3.6 = 207.36 m3
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy h Drencher:
VDR = 154(l/s) x 1(gi) x 3.6 = 554.4 m3
- Tng lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy:
VT = VVT + VNN + VSP + VDR=108 + 162 + 207+554.4 = 1031.76 m3.
3.1.4.3 Tnh lu lng, th thch nc cn thit cha chy ca trm bm 02, 03.
Lu lng
- Cha chy Sprinkler: QSP = 0.12*240=28.8 l/s
- Cha chy vch tng: QVT =2.5*2=5 l/s
- Tng lu lng bm cha chy: Q = QSP + QVT =28.8+5=33.8l/s=122m3/h
Th tch nc
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy hng vch tng:
VVT = 5(l/s) x 3(gi) x 3.6 = 54 m3
- Lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy h Sprinkler:
VSP = 28.8(l/s) x 1(gi) x 3.6 = 103.68 m3
- Tng lng nc cn thit d tr cha chy:
VT = VSP + VVT =130.68+54 =157.68 m3.
3.1.5 Tnh tn tht p lc ca cc h thng cha chy nc.
- Tn tht p lc trn ng ng ca h thng cha chy ph thuc vo s thit k b tr
trm bm, u phun v s lng cc trm bm. Ti y trm bm c chia thnh 3 cm.
- m bo lu lng v ct p ca bm cha chy ta tnh tn tht cho cc trng hp c yu
cu lu lng nc cha chy ln nht, ct p cao nht. Khi h thng bm p ng c yu
cu cha chy ln nht ny s tha mn yu cu cho cc vng cn li c yu cu thp hn.
* Cm bm cha chy 01:
Tnh ton ti tng p sut bt bt li nht, vi block c l tng 5 l cao, xa nht so vi cm
bm 01 nn ta chn tnh tnh ti tng ny.
Ti tng ny c:
- Ct p t nhin: + 22.8m.c.n

THUYT MINH K THUT 10

- Lu lng cha chy t ng: 28.8l/s
- Cha chy drencher: 38.4l/s
- Cha chy vch tng: 5l/s
- Cha chy ngoi nh 15l/s
=> Tng lu lng tnh ton = 28.8+38.4+5+15=87.2l/s.
- Din tch cha chy gi nh l 240m2.
- Theo thit k trong din tch 240m2 ti trc 4-C,6-C v A-C,C-C tng 5 c 25 u phun.
- Lu lng ca mi u phun l: q = 28.8/25 = 1.152 l/s=69.12l/min
- Chn u phun c K=80lpm
- p lc ti thiu ti u phun phun ra lu lng 1.152l/s: theo iu 6.4.1.1,
TCVN 6305- 10:2013 ta c:
k=q/(10p)
Trong :
p l p sut tnh bng Mpa
q l lu lng tnh bng lt pht
i Mpa sang Bar ta c:
k=q/p vi p n v l Bar.
p =( q/k)2 = (69.12/80)2=0.75Bar hay 7.5 m.c.n
- Theo tiu chun TCVN-7336 : 2003 tn tht p lc trn ng ng tnh theo cng thc:
h = Q2/Bt
Trong : Q l lu lng nc qua ng ng,
Bt l c tnh ca ng ng m5/s2, c tnh theo cng thc:
BT = KT / L (c tnh ca ng ng)
Vi KT : theo bng 6 (TCVN-7336 : 2003).
L: chiu di ng ng.
- Theo iu 16.9, TCVN 4513 : 1988 Tn tht p lc trong ng vi rng bng vi bt xc nh
theo cng thc:
h = Kp.q2.l
Trong :
+ h - Tn tht p lc trong ng vi rng (m);
+ q - Lu lng ct nc cha chy (1/s);
+ Kp - H s sc cn ca ng vi rng ;
+ l - Chiu di ng vi rng (m);
H s Kp ly nh sau:
+ ng vi rng ng knh 50 mm - 0,012;
+ ng vi rng ng knh 66 mm - 0,00385;
Vi cun vi D50 chiu di 30m ta c:
h = 0.012*2.52.30 = 2.25m.cn
- Theo bng 16, TCVN 4513 : 1988 chn p lc lm vic ti lng phun l 25m.c.n
- Theo iu 16.7, TCVN 4513 : 1988 . Trng hp mng li cp nc ni vi nhiu ng dn
nc vo, khi tnh ton cn tnh vi iu kin ng mt trong cc ng dn nc vo.
Trng hp c hai ng dn nc vo, mi ng phi tnh vi 100% lu lng nc cha
chy, khi c trn 2 ng, mi ng tnh 50% lu lng nc chy qua.
- p dng ta c:
Bng 1 : Bng tnh h thng cha chy t ng

THUYT MINH K THUT 11

TT

Size ng

Chiu dy ng

Lu lng
(l/s)

Chiu
di
(m)

H s KT

DN200

10.1

87.20

42.0

168829.200 1.892

DN150

4.5

51.10

115.0

41552.100

7.227

DN150

4.5

36.10

48.0

41552.100

1.505

DN125

4.5

36.10

13.0

16262.600

1.042

DN125

4.5

30.34

3.5

16262.600

0.198

6
7

DN125
DN50

4.5
3.5

24.58
5.76

3.5
2.3

16262.600
122.600

0.130
0.622

DN40

3.5

4.61

3.0

30.200

2.109

DN40

3.5

3.46

3.0

30.200

1.186

10

DN32

3.2

2.30

3.0

14.700

1.083

11

DN25

3.2

1.15

3.0

3.100

1.284

Tn tht
(m)

Tn tht ton b chiu h thng l HD :

18.28

Tn tht cc b l 10% HD :
ng knh trong
p lc lm vic ti l :
u phun c :
Hng s lu lng:
p lc lm vic ti u lng
Tn tht trong cun vi
Chiu cao ct p t nhin:
Tng ct p
H s an ton x 1.1
Ct p my bm cn t l :

1.83
d=15(mm)
80.00(l/min)

7.50

23.000
50.610
55.67
56.00

Bng 2 : Bng tnh h thng cha chy vch tng

TT

Size ng

Chiu dy ng

Lu lng
(l/s)

Chiu
di
(m)

H s KT

DN200

10.1

87.20

42.0

168829.200 1.892

DN150

4.5

51.10

115.0

41552.100

7.227

DN150

4.5

36.10

48.0

41552.100

1.505

DN125

4.5

36.10

13.0

16262.600

1.042

DN125

4.5

30.34

3.5

16262.600

0.198

DN125

4.5

24.58

3.5

16262.600

0.130

DN125

4.5

18.82

0.8

16262.600

0.017

DN125

4.5

19.58

2.7

16262.600

0.064

Tn tht
(m)

THUYT MINH K THUT 12

9

DN125

4.5

25.34

2.5

16262.600

0.099

10

DN125

4.5

27.84

1.0

16262.600

0.048

11

DN125

4.5

33.60

2.2

16262.600

0.153

12

DN50

3.5

2.50

20.0

122.600

1.020

Tn tht ton b chiu h thng l HD :

13.40

Tn tht cc b l 10% HD :
p lc lm vic ti u lng
Tn tht trong cun vi
Chiu cao ct p t nhin:
Tng ct p
H s an ton x 1.1
Ct p my bm cn t l :

1.34
25.00
2.25
23.000
64.990
71.49
72.00

* Ta c thng s k thut ca cc cm bm cp nc cha chy 01 nh sau:

Bm cha chy chnh v bm cha chy d phng c thng s k thut:
Ct p: H 72 m. ct. nc.
Lu lng: Q 236.6 l/s
Cng sut : P = 300Kw. (Tham kho)
Bm b p c thng s k thut:
Ct p: H 75 m.c.n
Lu lng: Q 2 l/s.
Cng sut : P = 3,5Kw (Tham kho)
* Cm bm cha chy 02 v 03:
Tnh ton ti tng p sut bt bt li nht, vi block A, B tng cng thp th p nhn c
cng ln nn tng gn vi bm nht l tng bt li nht, l tng sn thng tuy nhin tng ny
ch c cun vi nn chn tng 33 c c cun vi v u phun tnh ton.
Ti tng ny c:
- Ct p t nhin: -0.5 m.c.n
- Lu lng cha chy t ng: = 0.08*120=9.6l/s
- Cha chy vch tng: 5l/s
=> Tng lu lng tnh ton = 9.6+5=14.6l/s.
- Din tch cha chy gi nh l 120m2.
- Din tch bo v ca 1 u phun l 12m2, nh vy c 120/12=10 u phun hot ng ng
thi.
- Lu lng ca mi u phun l: q = 9.6/10 = 0.96 l/s=57.6/min
- Chn u phun c K=80lpm
- p lc ti thiu ti u phun phun ra lu lng 0.96l/s: theo iu 6.4.1.1,
TCVN 6305- 10:2013 ta c:
k=q/(10p)
Trong :
p l p sut tnh bng Mpa
q l lu lng tnh bng lt pht
i Mpa sang Bar ta c:
k=q/p vi p n v l Bar.

THUYT MINH K THUT 13

p =( q/k)2 = (57.6/80)2=0.85Bar hay 8.5 m.c.n
- Theo tiu chun TCVN-7336 : 2003 tn tht p lc trn ng ng tnh theo cng thc:
h = Q2/Bt
Trong : Q l lu lng nc qua ng ng,
Bt l c tnh ca ng ng m5/s2, c tnh theo cng thc:
BT = KT / L (c tnh ca ng ng)
Vi KT : theo bng 6 (TCVN-7336 : 2003).
L: chiu di ng ng.
- Theo iu 16.9, TCVN 4513 : 1988 Tn tht p lc trong ng vi rng bng vi bt xc nh
theo cng thc:
h = Kp.q2.l
Trong :
+ h - Tn tht p lc trong ng vi rng (m);
+ q - Lu lng ct nc cha chy (1/s);
+ Kp - H s sc cn ca ng vi rng ;
+ l - Chiu di ng vi rng (m);
H s Kp ly nh sau:
+ ng vi rng ng knh 50 mm - 0,012;
+ ng vi rng ng knh 66 mm - 0,00385;
Vi cun vi D50 chiu di 30m ta c:
h = 0.012*2.52.30 = 2.25m.cn
- Theo bng 16, TCVN 4513 : 1988 chn p lc lm vic ti lng phun l 25m.c.n
- Theo iu 16.7, TCVN 4513 : 1988 . Trng hp mng li cp nc ni vi nhiu ng dn
nc vo, khi tnh ton cn tnh vi iu kin ng mt trong cc ng dn nc vo.
Trng hp c hai ng dn nc vo, mi ng phi tnh vi 100% lu lng nc cha
chy, khi c trn 2 ng, mi ng tnh 50% lu lng nc chy qua.
- p dng ta c:
Bng 3 : Bng tnh h thng cha chy t ng

TT

Size ng

Chiu dy ng

Lu lng
(l/s)

DN150

4.5

14.60

Chiu
di
(m)
75.0

DN65

4.0

9.60

DN65

4.0

DN65

H s KT

Tn tht
(m)

41552.100

0.385

1.2

455.600

0.243

8.64

3.2

455.600

0.524

4.0

7.68

3.6

455.600

0.466

DN50

3.5

6.72

3.9

122.600

1.437

DN50

3.5

5.76

3.6

122.600

0.974

DN40

3.5

4.80

2.1

30.200

1.602

DN40

3.5

3.84

2.5

30.200

1.221

THUYT MINH K THUT 14

9

DN32

3.2

2.88

3.4

14.700

1.918

10

DN25

3.2

1.92

0.3

3.100

0.357

11

DN25

3.2

0.96

0.9

3.100

0.268

Tn tht ton b chiu h thng l HD :

9.40

Tn tht cc b l 10% HD :
p lc lm vic ti ng knh trong l : d=15(mm)
u phun c :
Hng s lu lng:
80.00(l/min)
Chiu cao ct p t nhin:
Tng ct p
H s an ton x 1.1
Ct p my bm cn t l :

0.94
8.50
0.500
18.340
20.17
21.00

Bng 4 : Bng tnh h thng cha chy vch tng

TT

Size ng

Chiu dy ng

Lu lng
(l/s)

DN150

4.5

14.60

Chiu
di
(m)
75.0

DN50

3.5

2.50

22.0

H s KT

Tn tht
(m)

41552.100

0.385

122.600

1.122

Tn tht ton b chiu h thng l HD :

1.51

Tn tht cc b l 10% HD :
p lc lm vic ti u lng
Tn tht trong cun vi
Chiu cao ct p t nhin:
Tng ct p
H s an ton x 1.1
Ct p my bm cn t l :

0.16
25.00
2.25
-0.500
28.420
31.26
32.00

* Ta c thng s k thut ca cc cm bm cp nc cha chy 02, 03 nh sau:

Bm cha chy chnh v bm cha chy d phng c thng s k thut:
Ct p: H 32 m. ct. nc.
Lu lng: Q 33.8 l/s
Cng sut : P = 300Kw. (Tham kho)
Bm b p c thng s k thut:
Ct p: H 35 m.c.n
Lu lng: Q 2 l/s.
Cng sut : P = 3,5Kw
3.1.6 La chn thit b h thng cha chy bng nc.
3.1.6.1 My bm cha chy ng c in.