. . .. . 2014 3 (23) .

57-62

621.752

.. a, .. b, ..
, . 15, ,
a
axalla@bk.ru, bvgozbenko@yandex.ru, kck@irgups.ru
7.06.2014, 20.08.2014
,
. , .
: , . , .
,
. , ,
.. .
, , . , .
, . . MathCAD, . 12-132. . . , 0 0,007 ( )
10-4 +10-4 . ( 20 / 25 ).
: , , , , , , , , , , , , , .

Vertical dynamics of the railway car with a gauge irregularity

being taken into account
A.A. Akhmadeevaa, V.E. Gozbenkob, S.K. Kargapolcevc
Irkutsk State Transport University, Chernyshevski st., 15, Irkutsk, Russia
a
axalla@bk.ru, bvgozbenko@yandex.ru, kck@irgups.ru
Reseived 7.06.2014, accepted 20.08.2014
The article considers vertical dynamics of a railway car to ensure the safety of train movements, reliability of reliability of cars and
railway track. It is assumed that the dynamic model of the car has five degrees of freedom. Complex oscillatory process is divided into
separate components: vertical, transverse and longitudinal horizontal. At the same time it has been taken into account that the car
spring-suspended weight can also make angular fluctuations. Firstly, expressions for potential and kinetic energy have been formulated
and thereafter the equations of mechanical system motions have been set up by using the Lagranges equations of the second kind. Since
one of the most important issues of the rolling stock dynamics is studying forced railway vehicles oscillations caused by irregularities of
rails, so professor N.N. Kudryavtsevs formula has been used as kinematic effects on carts. In the model, two bogie wheels are considered as one, then the equivalent disturbance becomes averaged value for disturbances transmitted to each wheel. In other words, galloping bogies can be neglected. Isolated disturbances have been defined by using the time for wheels passing above the track irregularity. The differential equations received are quite complex for analytical solutions. Therefore, to find solutions, the MathCAD mathematical software package with a set of built-in functions on the numerical solution of differential equations has been used. As input data,
baricentric parameters and geometrical dimension of an open box car (model 12-132) have been taken. Railway car motion speed and
irregularity length has been varied within a wide range. As a result of numerical simulation, dependency diagrams for linear and angular fluctuations and irregularity length have been received. It has been found that the oscillation amplitude is changed in a certain
range from 0 to 0.007 (vertical oscillations) and from +104 to 104 (for a speed of 20 m/s and irregularity length of 25 m).
Keywords: dynamics, dynamic model, oscillations, railway car, bogie, car body, irregularities of rails, model of irregularity of rails,
wheel, rail, disturbance, motion equations, stiffness, damping.

.
[1, 2].

, ,
[3].
[4],
-

57

Systems. Methods. Technologies A.A. Akhmadeeva et al. Vertical dynamics 2014 3 (23) p. 57-62

,


[5, 6],

.
, ,
.
[7 11] [12]
, ,
,

.
, ,
.

[13 15],
.

, ,
.
,
: ,
.
,
[9].
.
(. 1. 1 , 1
.
1-4 ),
. ,
(, ).

, .
( .. ):

f1 (t ) = A1 sin t + A2 sin 3t ,
;

58

f 2 (t ) = A3 sin 1t + A4 sin 31t ,

,
v
v
=
, 1 =
(2l1 2l2 , v
l1
l2
), 1, 2, 3 4 .
,
, , .
, . 1,
, .
,
t
L + L22
t 2 = t + 21
. :
v

z k1 = f 1 (t ) , zk 2 = f1 t +

L21 + L22
.
v

(1)

t3 = t +

(L1 + L2 ) + (L21 L31 ) ,

v
(L + L2 ) (L21 + L32 ) .
t4 = t + 1
v

.
:

zk 3

zk 4

z
k 5

zk 6

zk 7

zk8

(L + L2 ) + (L21 L31 )
= f1 t + 1
,
v

(L + L2 ) + (L21 + L32 )
= f1 t + 1
,
v

= f 2 (t ),
L + L22

= f 2 t + 21
,
v

(L + L2 ) + (L21 L31 )
= f2t + 1
,
v

(
)
(
)
L
+
L
+
L
+
L

2
21
32
= f2 t + 1
.
v

(2)

:
1 =

z k1 + z k 2
z + zk 4
z + zk6
, 2 = k 3
, 3 = k 5
,
2
2
2
4 =

z k 7 + zk 8
.
2

(3)

() .

. . .. . 2014 3 (23) . 57-62

. 1.

z& k 4 = {A1 cos t 4 + A2 3 cos 3t 4 }

(3) :

& 1 =

sgn{A1 sin t 4 + A2 sin 3t 4 }

z&k1 + z& k 2
z& + z& k 4
z& + z& k 6
, & 2 = k 3
, & 3 = k 5
,
2
2
2
& 4 =

z& k 7 + z& k 8
,
2

z& k1 = {A1 cos t + A2 3 cos 3t}

sgn{A1 sin t + A2 sin 3t},

z& k 2 = {A1 cos t 2 + A2 3 cos 3t 2 }

sgn{A1 sin t 2 + A2 sin 3t 2 },

z& k 3 = {A1 cos t3 + A2 3 cos 3t3 }

sgn{A1 sin t3 + A2 sin 3t 3 },

z& k 5 = {A31 cos 1t + A4 31 cos 31t}

(4)

sgn{A3 sin 1t + A4 sin 31t}

z& k 6 = {A3 1 cos 1t 2 + A4 31 cos 31t 2 }

sgn{A3 sin 1t 2 + A4 sin 31t 2 },

z& k 7 = {A31 cos 1t 3 + A4 31 cos 31t 3 }

sgn{A3 sin 1t 3 + A4 sin 31t3 },

z& k 8 = {A31 cos 1t 4 + A4 31 cos 31t 4 }

sgn{A3 sin 1t 4 + A4 sin 31t 4 }.

59

Systems. Methods. Technologies A.A. Akhmadeeva et al. Vertical dynamics 2014 3 (23) p. 57-62

m , m1 , m 2 ;

11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ;

21 , 22 , 31 , 32 , 41 , 42 , 51 , 52
;
11 , 12 , 13 , 14
;
21 , 22 , 31 , 32 , 41 , 42 , 51 , 52
;
z , z T1 , z T 2 ,
;
L1 + L2 ;

b1 + b2 .
, ,

,
:

mT2 &z&T2 c12 z K + c12 L2 K + c12b1 K +

+ (c12 + c31 + c32 )zT2 12 z& K + 12 L2 & K + 12b1& K +
+ (12 + 31 + 32 )z& T2 = (c31 + c32 )2 + (c51 + c52 )4 .
,

,
.

. ,
[9,
16]. MathCAD,
.

12-132. , , .

mK &z&K + (c11 + c12 + c13 + c14 )z K +

0.02

+ (c11 L1 c12 L2 + c13 L1 c14 L2 ) K +

+ ( c11b1 c12 b1 + c13 b2 + c14 b2 ) K

c11 z T1 c12 z T2 c13 z T3 c14 z T4 +

+ (11 L1 12 L2 + 13 L1 14 L2 )& K +

&K
+ ( 11b1 12 b1 + 13 b2 + 14 b2 )
11 z&T1 12 z& T2 13 z&T3 14 z&T4 = 0;

0.01

&& K + (c11 L1 c12 L2 + c13 L1 c14 L2 )z K +

I y

10

+ c11 L12 + c12 L22 + c13 L12 + c14 L22 K +

+ ( c11 L1b1 + c12 L2 b1 + c13 L1b2 c14 L2 b2 ) K

c11 L1 z T1 + c12 L2 z T2 c13 L1 z T3 + c14 L2 z T4 +

+ (11 L1 12 L2 + 13 L1 14 L2 )z& K +

. 2.

+ 11 L12 + 12 L22 + 13 L12 + 14 L22 & K +

+ ( 11 L1b1 + 12 L2 b1 + 13 L1b2 14 L2 b2 )& K

11 L1 z& T1 + 12 L2 z& T2 13 L1 z&T3 + 14 L2 z& T4 = 0;
&& K + ( c11b1 c12 b1 + c13 b2 + c14 b2 )z K +
I x

210

+ ( c11 L1b1 + c12 L2 b1 + c13 L1b2 c14 L2 b2 ) K +

+ c11b12 + c12 b12 + c13 b22 + c14 b22 K + c11b1 z T1 +

+ c12 b1 z T1 c13 b2 z T3 c14 b2 z T4 +

+ ( 11b1 12 b1 + 13 b2 + 14 b2 )z& K +

+ ( 11 L1b1 + 12 L2 b1 + 13 L1b2 14 L2 b2 )& K +

+ 11b12 + 12 b12 + 13 b22 + 14 b22 & K + 11b1 z&T1 +

+ 12 b1 z&T1 13 b2 z&T3 14 b2 z&T4 = 0;

mT1&z&T1 c11z K c11L1 K + c11b1 K +

+ (c11 + c21 + c22 )z T1 11z& K 11L1& K + 11b1& K +
+ (11 + 21 + 22 )z&T1 = (c 21 + c22 )1 + (c41 + c42 )3 ;

60

210

. 3.

. . .. . 2014 3 (23) . 57-62

210

Z1

210

6
0

0.5

1.5

0.5

1.5

210

210

. 4.
. 7.
0.02

1.

(
).
2. , , .
3. .
4. ,
0 0,007 (
) 10-4 +10-4 . ( 20 / 25 ).

0.01

. 5.

10,
20 25 /, 12,5, 25 50 .
. 2 4 2l1 = 2l2 = 50
v = 15 /.
. 5 7 2l1 = 2l2 = 25
v = 15 /.
410

210

210

410

. 6.

1. .., .. : . . .: , 1988. 391 .

2. .., . ., . . . .: , 1991. 360 .
3. .. . ., 1971. 176 .
4. .., ..
// . .
. 2013. 1. . 180183.
5. .., .., ..

- . ., 2006.
24 . . . 13.02.2006. 152. 2006.
6. . ., . .
// . 2013. 1 (13).
. 110-116.
7. .. ..
// . . .
2010. 3. . 60-69.
8. .., .. . . . 13792002 23.07.2002.

61

Systems. Methods. Technologies A.A. Akhmadeeva et al. Vertical dynamics 2014 3 (23) p. 57-62

9. .., ..
// . . . 2011. 4. . 71-76.
10. .., .., ..
-
// . . . 2012. 1. . 42-46.
11. .., .., .. -
// . .
. 2012. 4 (36). . 47-50.
12. .., .. // . . . 2013. 3 (39).
. 56-59.
13. .. . .:
, 1969. 296 .
14. ..
. , 2000.
15. .. . ., 2004.
16. .. . .:
, 1932.

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