Chng 8.

Phng php v thit b o mc

Bng la chn cm bin theo mc

Tip

8.1. o mc bng phng php phao ni

Khi qu nng ri xung puli quay v gc quay bin
thnh s xung
2
x - gc quay

puli
R
sensor quang

NX - s xung m c
0 - gc ca mt lng t gc quay
n- s xung tng ng vi 1 vng quay ca
encoder.
Ngi ta b tr nh sau: Khi qu nng i qua mt im
chun, mt t bo quang in khi ng b m. Khi
qu nng tip xc vi mt nc mt b phn t ng
(rle ti hn) ng mch in. Ta c

hx
Hch

hmc

hx = Hch - hmc = (NX/n)2R

Mc nc :

hmc = Hchun - hx

Bin tr trt

V d Phng php kiu phao

V d v m hnh o dng phao ni

8.2. Phng php mc p sut

p sut di y ca mt ct nc c tnh

P = h.
P- p sut y ct nc
- trng lng ring ca cht lng
h- chiu cao ct nc hay mc nc

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V d:

Tnh tan p sut ca ct nc cao 5m ?

Trng lng ring ca nc 9800N/m3
p sut ca ct nc
9800 x 5m = 49 kN/m2 = 49kPa

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8.3. Phng php n dung o mc

in dung ca mt t phng c tnh

C- in dung ca t in
- hng s n mi ca cht cch in gia hai bn cc

S
d

d - khong cch cc in cc

Khi mc du 0 tc l trong thng khng c du, ta c

C0 - in dung ca t khi in mi l khng kh
h - chiu cao bn cc
b - chiu rng bn cc
d - khong cch cc bn cc

0 hb
C0
d

d hb
Cd
Khi du mc hx ta chia c thnh hai phn d
Khi y du

d h x b 0 b(h h x )
Cx

d
d

o Cx c th suy ra hx. Trong cm bin ny C0, CX u nh (c pF) v

th nn mch o thng dng tn s cao.

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V d i vi nc

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Cng thc tnh tan t in

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Hng s in mi

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17

Hng s in mi ca cht lng

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A capacitive probe with a guard ring: (A) cross-sectional view; (B) outside
view.
(Courtesy of ADE Technologies, Inc., Newton, MA.)

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8.5. Dng siu m o mc

Ni dung phng php nh sau: trn nh xil t mt
ngun pht siu m mnh. Ngun pht pht ra lung
siu m theo chiu xung y xil. Khi lung siu m
gp mt cht lng (hot ht) n phn x ln v n u
thu, thi gian t lc pht n lc thu

2d
TX
C
TX - thi gian t lc pht n lc thu siu m
d - khong cch t nh xil n mt cht lng.
C - tc truyn siu m trong khng kh (vo
khong 300m/s).

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H thng ngten

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Mt s m hnh cng tc mc

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M hnh h thng ng ngt mc

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Chng 9 . Phng php o thng s

chuyn ng v kch thc hnh hc

9.1. o thng s chuyn ng

Di chuyn hay khong di A
v

Tc chuyn ng

dA
dt
dv d 2 A

2
dt
dt

Gia tc chuyn ng

i vi chi tit giao ng hnh sin th tc giao

ng

vi
Gia tc
t

d(A m sin t )
A m cos t
dt

dv
A m 2 sin t
dt
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Cc thng s chuyn ng
Di chuyn hay khong di A

Tc chuyn ng
Gia tc chuyn ng

dA
dt

dv d 2 A

2
dt
dt

i vi chi tit giao ng hnh sin th tc giao

ng

d(A m sin t )
vi
A m cos t
dt

Gia tc
t

dv
A m 2 sin t
dt
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9.1. o di chuyn

Phng php pht tia laze/rada vi khong cch xa- thng qua
thi gian truyn sng
Tnh gc lch pha ca sng
Phng php quang hc

Phng php thng qua vn tc quay

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Phng php thi gian truyn

Xc nh thi gian truyn sng

TOF tnh theo bin phn x ln nht

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Di chuyn theo gc lch pha

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B. o di chuyn kiu a quang

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V d: Encorder

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9.2. o vn tc
S dng my pht tc: mt chiu v xoay chiu

t max sin t

Sc in ng cm ng: E= KWn
Sc in ng cm ng

dt
dt

e max cos t E m cos t

- Photoit
TX - To xung
KT- Kho in t
X- m xung
CT- Ch th
k - iu khin

TX

KT

CT

K
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A. Cm bin Hall o di chuyn

Di chuyn gc

Di chuyn thng

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Hiu ng Hall

Sc in ng Hall c tnh

Cng in trng H

Trong : N s in t t do;
Cng nh sng c

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Mch tng ng ca cm bin Hall

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V d: Mt s c tnh ca cm bin Hall

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9.3. Tc k
A. kiu cm ng
Mq=KI.B.IC
E
K B
I c cu 2
R
R

K 1K 2 B 2
Mq

=K. hay =Kn.

Tc k mu cm bin
1- a nhm; 2- kim ch; 4- l xo
phn khng

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9.4. Gia tc k
n v v vn ca gia tc k
Thng thng ngi ta s dng
n v g

Nguyn tc c hc

dx
kx
dt
d 2x d 2 y
f 2 2
dt
dt
d 2x
dx
d2y
M 2 b kx M 2
dt
dt
dt
Mf b

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Mt s nh sn xut

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Mt s nh sn xut

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A. Gia tc k kiu p in
in tch sinh ra trong chuyn i p in q=d1F

q gy ra in p trn in cc ca chuyn i p in
q=CU

d1M

Gia tc k kiu p in

1- Thn cm bin; 2- Ren

bt vo i tng; 3Chuyn i p in ; 4Khi qun tnh; 5- u dy
ra; 6- cp ng trc
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V d

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C. o gia tc kiu in dung

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