KEY SCIENCE 6

EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

INITIAL EVALUATION
1. c-hearing; b-smell; e-sight; d-taste; a-touch; ;
2. The skeletal and muscular system are made up of the skeleton and the musculature.
When the muscles contract or relax, they move the bones.
Joints can be fixed, movable and semi-movable.
3. Reproduction is the life process that allows living things to create other living things.
Sexual reproduction brings male and female cells together.
4. Circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, excretory system.
5. A conducting material is one that the electrical currents can move through it easily.
An insulating material is one that the electrical currents cannot move through them.
6. Transparent: glass, magnifying glass; Opaque: cardboard box, brick, wooden door
7. Cantabrian Chain: N; Canary Islands: S; Atlantic Ocean: W; Mediterranean coast: E;
Pyrenees: N; Balearic Islands: E.
8. 5, 3, 1, 2, 4
9. a) Ancient Times; b) Middle Ages; c) Modern Times
10. Primary sector It obtains raw materials;
Secondary sector It transforms raw materials;
Tertiary or service sector It provides services to other people
UNIT 1
1. Health: The state of complete physical and mental well-being;
Illness: Is the opposite of health;
Healthy habits:(model answer) eat a balanced diet, wash our hands before meals and
have a shower every day.
2. Infectious illnesses are caused by harmful bacteria or viruses. There are other types
of illnesses that are non-infectious, such as a broken arm.
3. Contagious: An ill person can transmit the illness to a healthy person. The flu is an
example of a contagious disease.
Non-contagious: An ill person cannot transmit the illness to a healthy person. Tetanus is
an example of a non-contagious illness.
4. a) Bacteria; b) Virus. Bacteria and viruses can cause both infectious and noninfectious illnesses, which are contagious and non-contagious.
5. Pathogenic micro-organisms typically enter our bodies through the respiratory
system, the digestive system or wounds and cuts in the skin.
6. Bronchitis is an illness caused by bacteria that affects the respiratory system.
Bacterial meningitis is an illness that affects the nervous system.
Amoebas are unicellular pathogenic micro-organisms that live in contaminated water.
7. A vaccine is when a doctor introduces into our bodies the micro-organism or virus is
making us ill. The body reacts to the virus and produces substances to destroy it. If the
KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

micro-organism or virus returns, our bodies will recognise it and fight against it.
Vaccines are effective against smallpox and polio.
8. Bacterial meningitis and bronchitis can be treated with antibiotics because they are
caused by a bacteria. The flu is caused by a virus and cannot be treated with an
antibiotic. Antibiotics are effective against infectious illnesses caused by microorganisms but not against infectious illnesses caused by viruses.
9. These medicines help to reduce the symptoms of the illness.
10. Bone fracture - Injury
Athletes foot Illness produced by fungi
The flu Illness produced by a virus
Tiredness Symptoms of unhealthy habits
Tetanus Illness produced by a bacteria
UNIT 2
1. Refer to the students book, page 16 and 17, to check the answer.
2. The nervous system is made up of nerve centres and nerves.
The central nervous system has two parts: the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system is made up of sensory and motor nerves.
3. 1. cerebrum; 2. cerebellum; 3. brain stem.
The brain and spinal cord are parts of the central nervous system. The body has
different receptors to receive different types of stimuli. Sensory nerves transmit
information from the sensory and internal organs to the central nervous system and
motor nerves transmit responses from the central nervous system to the muscles and
glands.
4. a) Elbow moveable; b) Vertebrae semi-moveable; c) Skull fixed
5. 1) clavicle 7) frontal; 8) rib; 2) spine; 9) humerus; 10) radius; 3) hipbone; 4) femur; 11)
ulna; 6) tibia; 5) fibula
6. Refer to the students book, page 21, to check the answer.
UNIT 3
1. The function of nutrition is essential to life. Nutrients give our cells all the energy they
need. The digestive system, the respiratory system, the circulatory system and the
excretory system carry out the function of nutrition.
2. a) Circulatory system; b) Digestive system; c) Excretory system; d) Respiratory
system
3. Teeth: Chew food
Stomach: Mixes the food with the gastric juices
Small Intestine: Nutrients pass into the blood through its walls
Large Intestine: Absorbs water that passes to the blood and expels undigested
substances through the anus.
4. 1) larynx; 2) nostrils; 3) bronchi; 4) trachea; 5) lungs
5. The respiratory system is in charge of breathing. We inhale air and it goes into to the
lungs; then, we exhale air sending it out of the lungs. When we breathe, the oxygen in
the air goes to the blood through the alveoli, and the carbon dioxide from the blood is
released outside the body.
6. Excretion is the removal of the waste substances from the blood that the excretory

system filters. The excretory system is in charge of removing waste substances. It is

made up of sweat glands and the urinary system.
7. Refer to the students book, page 27, to check answer.
Urethra: It connects the bladder to the outside (of the body).
Ureters: They take urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Kidneys: They remove waste substances from the blood and make urine.
Bladder: It stores the urine.
8. Red blood cells: They carry oxygen; White blood cells: They remove bacteria and
viruses from the blood; Platelets: They form blood clots.
9. Refer to the students book, page 29, to check answer.
10. Systole: It is the movement of contraction; Diastole: It is the movement of relaxation
UNIT 4
1. Human beings reproduce through sexual reproduction, bringing male and female sex
cells together.
2. We are born with reproductive systems.
Secondary sexual characteristics are external.
3. The reproductive system matures during puberty, between the ages of eleven and
fifteen. There are some physical changes, that are the same for both sexes, like growing
taller or hair growing in the armpits. Girls develop breasts and their hips get wider. Boys
get deeper voices and facial hair.
4. a) Ova are the female reproductive cells. They are big and round. They do not move.
b) Sperm are the male reproductive cells. They are small and have a head and tail called
a flagellum. The flagellum helps the sperm move.
5. Female reproductive system: ovaries, vagina, uterus
Male reproductive system: penis, testicles, vas deferens
6. 1) vas deferens; 2) penis; 3) urethra; 4) testicle
7. 1) Fallopian tubes; 2) ovaries; 3) uterus; 4) vagina
8. It occurs when an ovum and a sperm join inside the Fallopian tubes and create a
single cell called a zygote.
9. The placenta takes nutrients and oxygen from the mothers blood to the embryo. The
umbilical cord connects the embryo to the placenta.
10. 2) expulsion; 3) afterbirth; 1) dilation
FIRST TERM EVALUATION
1. Measles: infectious; the flu: infectious; tetanus: non-infectious; salmonellosis:
infectious
2. M - Malaria
PB - Bacterial meningitis
M - Athletes foot
V - The flu
PB - Salmonellosis
PB - Bronchitis
KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

3. tongue-taste; cornea-sight; pituitary gland-smell; epidermis-touch; eardrum- hearing

4.The central nervous system has two parts: the brain and the spinal cord.
The brain is made up of the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem.
The peripheral nervous system is made up of sensory and motor nerves.
5. Refer to the students book, page 20 and 21 to check the answer.
6. Eating a sandwich / Voluntary / Brain
Pull the hand away from a hot plate / Involuntary / Spinal cord
Cross the road / Voluntary / Brain
7. Refer to the students book to check the answer.
a) Oesophagus / stomach
b) Kidney / bladder
c) Trachea / lung
d) Heart
8. pulmonary circulation
9. F - Develop breasts
M - Deeper voice
M - Facial hair
MF - Armpit hair
MF Grow taller
F - Hips widen
10. Dilation, expulsion: and afterbirth.
UNIT 5
1. a) chemical; b) light; c) thermal; d) sound
2. The most common sources of energy are: fuels, coal, natural gas and petroleum,
water,
wind and materials, such as uranium and plutonium.
3. natural gas: NR
wind: R
coal: NR
petroleum: NR
uranium: NR
solar: R
water in reservoirs: R
plutonium: NR
4. sunlight solar power station Sun; wind turbine wind farm wind; reservoir
hydroelectric power station water; fuel thermal power station coal
5. The three Rs: Reduce: use only what you need; Reuse: reuse things like paper;
Recycle: recycle rubbish.
6. _ A wooden pencil: insulating
_ A copper cable: conducting
_ An rubber shoe: insulating
_ A metal spoon: conducting
7. The main parts of an electric circuit are: the generator, the conducting element or
wire and the receiver.
8. b) will light the bulb. Diagram a) will not light the bulb because it is missing a current
generator. Diagram c) wont light the bulb as the circuit is open so the current cannot

move through the circuit.

9. When we move a magnet close to a wire an electrical current moves through it. We
find this magnetism in dynamos. When the wheel turns, the magnet inside the dynamo
turns and it creates an electrical current.
10. Magnetism has many uses in our daily lives. Magnets are used in door locks, bags,
electric motors and clocks.
Magnetism is used to store information on credit cards, mobile phones and computer
drives. Magnetic devices are used to control theft of clothes, books or CDs. There are
magnetic strips on plane tickets and ID cards to help identify itineraries.
UNIT 6
1. Light is a form of energy because it can transform into other forms of energy (such as
heat or electricity). Sound is a form of energy produced by vibrations. These vibrations
can cause changes in objects, like when the sound of an explosion breaks windows.
2. Natural light source: the Sun and lightening.
Artificial light source: a light bulb and a car light.
3. 1) It travels in all directions.
2) It travels in straight lines.
3) It travels very quickly at 300,000 kilometres per second.
4. Brick Opaque material Does not let light pass through it; Paper Translucent
material Only a small part of the light passes through it; Air Transparent material
Light passes through it.
5. Reflection is when light reaches an opaque object, it hits the object and light changes
its direction. It reflects the light and lets us see objects that do not emit light.
Refraction is when a ray of light goes from air to water and its speed changes. As a
result, the ray changes its path.
6. The characteristics that allow us to distinguish the different qualities of sound are
intensity, pitch and timbre.
7. a) The difference is in pitch. If the area is small the pitch will be high, if the area is
large, the pitch will be low.
b) The difference is in timbre. This is the quality of the sound of the musical instrument
or voice.
8. 1) It travels in all directions.
2) It travels in a straight line.
3) Its slower than light. It travels at 340 metres per second.
9. This effect is called reverberation. This happens when the obstacle is at a shorter
distance (less than 17 metres from the sound source) and the reflected sound mixes
with the emitted sound.
10. Echo happens when the obstacle is more than 17 metres away. We hear a
difference in time between the sound and its reflection.
UNIT 7
1. Spain consists of part of the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands in the
Mediterranean Sea, the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, and the cities of Ceuta
and Melilla in northern Africa.
2. The Central Plateau is a high plain covering most of the interior of the Peninsula. It is
KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

between 500 and 800

metres high. On the Central Plateau we find two mountain chains: the Central Chain
and the Toledo Mountains. The Central Chain divides the Plateau into the North subplateau and the South sub-plateau.
3. Teleno Len Mountains; Aneto Pyrenees; Bauela Sierra Morena; Almanzor
Central Chain; Mulhacn Baetic Chain; Torre Cerredo Cantabrian Chain; Cabeza de
Manzaneda Galician Massif; Aizkorri Basque Mountains; Moncayo Iberian Chain;
Tur de lHome Catalonian Coastal Chain
4. Refer to the student book, page 56, or an atlas to check the answer.
5. a. Central Chain
b. Baetic Chain
c. Catalonian Coastal Chain
d. Pyrenees
6. 1-ria; 2cliff; 3delta; 4beach
7. The Atlantic Coast is divided into the Atlantic Coast of Galicia, from Estaca de Bares
to the river Mio, and the Atlantic Coast of Andaluca, from the mouth of the Guadiana
river to the Gulf of Cdiz.
8. Canary Islands
It is located in the Atlantic Ocean.
It is of volcanic origin.
Its highest peak is Mount Teide.
Balearic Islands
It has the Tramuntana Mountain Range.
It is located in the Mediterranean Sea.
It is made up of four main islands.
UNIT 8
1. Climate is the atmospheric weather of an area over a period of several years. To find
out the climate of an area, we need to know:
The average annual temperature.
The maximum and minimum temperatures.
The temperature differences between night and day.
The annual precipitation.
2. Latitude It is the distance of a place from the equator; Altitude It is the vertical
distance of a point above sea level; Distance to the sea The sea takes longer to warm
than land; Relief Clouds release water when they collide with mountains.
3. The climate in the Canary Islands is subtropical so the temperature is mild all year
and there is little precipitation.
The dry Mediterranean climate enjoys high temperatures in summer and mild
temperatures in the winter.
The continental Mediterranean climate enjoys high temperatures in summer and low
temperatures in the winter.
The typical Mediterranean climate usually receives little rain, but sometimes there is
heavy rain in autumn.
4. a) continental Mediterranean; b) oceanic
5. A rivers channel is the terrain a river flows through, while its path is the course.
Water flow is the amount of water that a river carries.
The watershed is the area of land through which the river flows into the same sea.
6. Eo, Bidasoa and Nervin Cantabrian Short courses, fast-flowing regular water

flow; Duero, Tajo Atlantic Rivers flow the Plateau; Ebro Mediterranean Heaviest
water flow in Spain
7. Refer to the student book, page 67, or atlas to check answer.
8. Refer to the student book, page 67, to check answer.
9. The rivers of the Cantabrian watershed are fast-flowing and have a regular water flow
because they are in the oceanic climate with frequent precipitation.
10. Torrents and ravines.
SECOND TERM EVALUATION
1. Renewable: waves, the Sun, wind, water
Non-renewable: natural gas, petroleum, uranium, coal
2. Waves and tides Mechanical energy; Plutonium Thermal energy; Fuels
Chemical energy; Sun Heat and light
3. Refer to the student book, page 41, to check the answer. The elements are:
generator, conductor and receiver.
4. The magnets repel one another if you put the same poles together.
The magnets attract each other if you put different poles together .
5.
Light
Direction from source of
light
Direction of movement
Speed

Sound

In all directions

In all directions

In straight lines
300,000 km / second

In a straight line
340 metres / second

6. Light: Reflection and refraction

Sound: Intensity, pitch and timbre
7. Pyrenees - Aneto
Central Chain Gredos
Toledo Mountains Guadalupe
Cantabrian Chain Torre Cerredo
Sierra Morena Bauela
Penibaetic Chain Mulhacn
8. Peninsular coasts: Atlantic coast of Galicia, Atlantic coast of Andaluca,
Mediterranean coast, and Cantabrian coast; Archipelagos and location: Balearic
Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean.
9. 1) Latitude; 2) Altitude; 3) Relief; 4) Distance to the sea
10. 1. Duero; 2. Tajo; 3. Guadiana; 4. Guadalquivir; 5. Ebro; 6. Jcar; 7. Segura
UNIT 9
1. They were nomads. They lived by hunting, fishing and gathering wild plants;
They made tools from bone, stone or wood; They learned how to use fire.
2. Neolithic: It began in 8000 BC when people discovered agriculture. They built
KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

settlements near their fields, made megaliths, cheese and wine, invented pottery and
learned how to weave wool.
Metal Ages: It began around 4000 BC. People learned to make tools from copper,
bronze and iron. The first villages developed where people traded their goods.
3. a) F b) T c) F
4. Romes armies conquered territories all along the Mediterranean coast. They spread
their political organization and culture throughout their provinces. Each province was
ruled by a governor. Latin, the Roman language was adopted and they created a
common currency.
5. Lived in the north and west of the Peninsula: C
Lived in the east and south of the Peninsula and Balearic Islands: I
Lived in hill forts, working mainly in animal farming: C
Lived in fortified settlements, working in agriculture and mining: I
6. They built circuses, amphitheatres and public baths.
7. The Middle Ages began in 476 AD after the Roman Empire fell. Various Germanic
tribes invaded the Peninsula and, finally, the Visigoths dominated most of the Peninsula.
The Visigoths founded a kingdom with its capital in Toledo.
In 711 a Muslim army arrived at the Iberian Peninsula. They called their conquered
territory Al Andalus.
8. a) Arabia b) Crdoba c) taifas
9. The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabel I of Castilla and King Fernando II of
Aragn. They united their kingdoms in 1469, when they were married. The Catholic
Monarchs conquered the kingdom of Granada, the last Muslim kingdom on the
Peninsula.
10. The king is at the top of the triangle. Nobility and the Church are in the middle
section while the peasants occupy the bottom.
They hade to be loyal to the king: nobility
They worked the land of the nobility and the Church in exchange for protection:
peasants
They own land around the monasteries: the Church
Maximum authority: King
UNIT 10
1. Carlos I Began the colonisation of America 16th century
Carlos III Created the Royal Academies 18th century
Felipe II Conquered the Philippines 16th century
2. F. In 1808 the French invaded Spain and thus started the War of Independence.
T.
F. After the War of Independence Fernando VIII restored an absolute monarchy.
F. In 1873 a republic was established that lasted 1 year .
3. Second Republic Civil War Franco dictatorship Juan Carlos I proclaimed king
4. a) Most of the Spanish population worked in agriculture.
b) The industrial revolution started later than in other European countries, and it only
developed in certain areas. The first railways were built and a lot of people left the
countryside to work in the cities. New social classes appeared (bourgeoisie and
working class). There was textile industry in Catalua, steel industry in the Pas Vasco
and mining in Andaluca and Asturias.
5. a) Industrial development: Industrial production increased and new industries
appeared: chemical, metal and car industries.

b) Society and social classes: Cities grew as more people came from the countryside
looking for work. Industrial development created bigger differences between the social
classes.
c) Political involvement: There were numerous strikes and protests.
6. After the death of Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos I became King of Spain.
Freedoms and political rights were restored in Spain.
In 1978, a new Constitution was approved and signed by the king.
7. The Executive power: Enforces the laws and governs the country.
The Legislature: Makes the laws.
The Judiciary: Administrates justice.
8. Refer to the students book, page 87, to check the answer.
UNIT 11
1. Census There is one every ten years to study population.
Real growth The sum of natural growth and migratory balance.
Migratory balance The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants.
2. a) Natural population growth is the difference between the birth rate and the death
rate.
b) When there are more births than deaths, the populations natural growth is positive.
When there are fewer births than deaths, the populations natural growth is negative.
3. a) The real growth of Town A was 18 people, so the inhabitants now number 3,563.
b) The real growth of Town B was 6 people, so the inhabitants now number 2,348.
c) The population growth was greater in Town A.
4. F. Spain has a population of about 46 million inhabitants.
T.
T.
5. Population density is the relationship between the size of a population and the area
of the land it is in.
Spains population density is 91 inhabitants per km.
6. In 1900 Spain had 18 million inhabitants. Today, it has 46 million. Natural growth has
been positive. Health and diet have improved and have lowered the death rate.
Migratory balance has been positive. In recent years, many immigrants have come to
Spain. Today, 80% of the population is urban.
7. A population pyramid represents a population divided into groups by age and sex.
8. a) In the age groups 20-24 and 45-49 there are more than 1,500,000 women.
b) There are more women than men.
9. Active population: a 37-year old healthy woman, a 16-year old boy, unemployed
worker and a taxi driver.
Inactive population: terminally sick person, a 12-year old girl, a person over 65.
10.Primary: This includes people that obtain raw materials from nature. The main
activities include farming, fishing and mining.
Secondary: This sector transforms raw materials into finished products. This sector
includes industry and construction.
Tertiary: Workers provide services for other people. They work in tourism, trade,
transport and administration.

KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

UNIT 12
1. Europe is one of the most populated continents on Earth.
The population in Europe is unevenly distributed.
Iceland, Finland, Norway and northern Russia are sparsely populated.
Life expectancy in Europe is high.
2. Primary: It is mechanized and employs a small percentage of the population. Farmers
grow cereals, grapes, olives, fruits and vegetables.
Secondary: It is one of the strongest in the world. 30 percent of the Europeans work in
the food, textile, steel, technology and other industries.
Tertiary: Employs two thirds of the population. They work in trade, transport, tourism,
health and finance.
Western Europe has the largest percentage of workers in this service sector.
3. Northern Europe: The Artic Ocean
Eastern Europe: Asia
Southern Europe: The Mediterranean Sea
Western Europe: Atlantic Ocean
4. The Balkans: Mountains / Northern
The fjords: Coasts / Northern
Jutland: Peninsula / Northern
The Mediterranean: Sea / Southern
The Pyrenees: Mountains / Southern
British Isles: Island / Northern
Baltic: Sea / Central
Dvina: River / Northern
Balearic: Islands / Southern
5.Atlantic watershed: Tajo, Loire, Seine, Thames, Rhine, Elbe, Oder and Vistula.
Mediterranean watershed: Ebro, Rhone, Tiber and Po.
Black and Caspian watershed: Danube, Dniester, Don and Volga.
Arctic watershed: Dvina.
6.
Location

Precipitation

Temperatures

Polar

Far north of Europe Snow

Very cold

Continental

Central Europe

Little precipitation

Mediterranean

Southern Europe

Little precipitation

Oceanic

North and northwest Europe

Lots of rain

High temperatures in
summer and lower in
winter
Temperatures are
high.
Mild temperatures

7. The European Union is an international organisation which unites different countries

through political, social and economic agreements.
8. a) In 1957 six European countries created the European Economic Community.
b) In 2007 the European Union expands to twenty-seven countries.
c) In 1992 the Treaty of Maastricht is signed.
9. The European Parliament makes laws, approves budgets and supervises other
institutions.
The European Council is the main decision-making body of the EU.
The European Commission is in charge of foreign policy and common security.
The European Court of Justice makes decisions on matters of law.
10. Refer to the student book, page 102, to check the answer. a) France; b) Italy; c)
Germany; d) Belgium; e) Luxemburg and f) the Netherlands.

THIRD TERM EVALUATION

1. Paleolithic - Began in Europe more than two million years ago; Neolithic People
discovered agriculture; Metal Ages People learned to make tools from copper, bronze
and iron; Greek civilisation - Athens and Sparta were the largest polis in Greece; Roman
civilisation - The society is divided into patricians, plebeians and slaves.
2. Iberians: Lived in the east, south and on the Balearics. They worked in agriculture
and mining and traded their metals with the Greeks and Phoenicians. They lived in
fortified settlements.
Celts: Lived in the north and west. They worked mainly in animal farming. They lived in
hill forts, which were fortified villages with circular, stone houses.
Celtiberians: Lived in the centre of the Peninsula. They shared characteristics of both
Celtic and Iberian cultures.
3. The Visigoths founded a kingdom with its capital in Toledo.
The Arabs created their territory called Al Andalus, whose religion was Islam.
The social organization of the Christian kingdoms was feudal.
Nobility had to be loyal to the king.
4. There was a clear social division in Modern Times. The nobility and clergy owned
most of the land and did not pay taxes. The bourgeoisie became rich through trade
with America. However, most of the peasants and artisans lived in poverty.
5. Alfonso XIII was the king under a parliamentary monarchy.
Industrial production increased and new industries appeared: the chemical, metal and
car industries.
Cities grew as more people came from the countryside looking for work. Industrial
development created bigger differences between the social classes.
6. The Spanish territory is organised into 17 Autonomous communities and 2
autonomous cities. Each region has a Statute of Autonomy that defines its: territory,
institutions, symbols and jurisdiction.
7. We use a population pyramid to graphically represent age groups and distribution of
the sexes.
8. The primary sector is for getting raw materials. Four out of 100 people work in this
sector. The secondary sector transforms raw materials into other products. Twentyeight out of 100 people work in this sector. The tertiary sector offers services to other
people. Sixty-eight out of 100 people work in this sector.
9. a) Southern Europe is made up of Kola, Scandinavia, Jutland, the British Isles and
Iceland.
b) The Dvina river is in the Arctic watershed.
c) The population of Europe is unevenly distributed throughout Europe.
d) The tertiary sector is the largest economic sector in Europe.
10. European Parliament Its members are elected every five years;
European Court of Justice It makes decisions on matters of law;
European Commission - It is made up of the President and the commissioners;
European Council - It is made up of the Heads of State and Government of all the
Member States.
FINAL EVALUATION
1. Amoebas: unicellular / intestinal illness
Candida: unicellular / damages the skin
Fungi: multicellular / athletes foot
Plasmodia: unicellular / malaria
KEY SCIENCE 6
EVALUATION WORKSHEETS, ANSWER KEY

2. a) Brain, voluntary; b) Spinal cord, involuntary

3. Digestive system: mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small
intestine and large intestine.
Respiratory system: nostrils, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm.
Excretory system: sweat glands and the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder and
urethra).
Circulatory system: heart, blood and blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries).
4. Female reproductive system: ovaries, uterus, Fallopian tubes, vagina and vulva
Male reproductive system: testicles, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, prostate
and penis
5. Electricity: generator, conductor, switch and receiver
Magnetism: south pole, magnetite, north pole and repel
6. LS Travels in a straight line.
L Travels 300, 000 kilometres per second.
LS Travels in all directions.
S Travels 340 metres per second.
7. Refer to the students book, page 56, or an atlas to check the answer.
8. Mediterranean climate - Badajoz
Oceanic climate - Asturias
Mountain climate - the Pyrenees
Subtropical climate - Canary Islands
9. a) Palaeolithic: nomads; b) Neolithic: they built settlements near the fields; c) Greek
civilisation: divided into citizens and non-citizens; d) Roman civilisation: divided into
patriarchs, plebeians and slaves.
10. Lorca, Cernuda and Aleixandre
11. The Spanish population has more women than men. Young people under the age
of 16 represent 17% of the population. The age group between the ages of 16 and 64
represents 66% of the population. People over the age of 65 represent 17% of the
population. The immigrant population represents about 12%.
12. Rivers: They belong to four watersheds (Atlantic, Arctic, Black and Caspian seas
and Mediterranean)
Relief: Europe is a continent with many islands and peninsulas. It is surrounded by the
Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Mediterranean Sea in the
south and Asia in the east. The main forms of relief are mountain chains, plains and
coasts (with beaches and fjords).
Climate: Europe is in a temperate zone of the northern hemisphere, but it has different
climates (oceanic, continental, Mediterranean and polar).
Population: Europe is the third most populated continent after Asia and Africa. It has
739 million inhabitants.