Industrial Ecology:

ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
SET 192 : Impact Assessment, Life Cycle

Evaluations and Industrial Ecology

ADNieva
School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Mapa Institute of Technology

Why EMS?
Worldwide trend to focus on better
environmental management
From add-on function to integral part of
business operations
Strategy-driven not compliance-driven
Broad framework for implementing
strategic environmental management

Concerns about ISO

14000 implementation

Increased costs
Possible non-tariff trade barriers
Voluntary or mandated?
Does not actually lead to better
environmental performance
Third party registration issues

Key Benefits of EMS

Management
Legal
Financial
Internal
External

Management
Promote competitive advantage
and improve environmental
performance
Balance economic and environment
interests
Develop good industry practice
Encourage development and use of
innovative technology

Legal
Improve legal and regulatory
compliance
Enhance relations with
government authorities
Access to government
regulatory, flexibility and
permitting assistance

Financial
Improve market share and
operational costs
Reduce penalty, liability costs,
and insurance premiums
Better access to capital

Internal
More productive and efficient
workforce
More employment involvement
Enhance employees morale
Reduce training effort for
employees

External
Improve public image
Enhance public and community
relation
Reduce customer pressure

Environmental
Management System

organizational structure
planning activities
responsibilities
Practices
procedures
processes
resources

Environmental
Management System
Over-all review of items above for:
Developing
Implementing
Achieving
reviewing
Maintaining the environmental
policy

EMS Principles
Rank environmental management
among corporate priorities

Emphasize pollution prevention

Establish communication within
the organization and constituents

EMS Principles
Enhance management and employee
commitment to environmental
protection
Encourage environmental planning
throughout the life cycle of the
product and /or process
Improve the EMS by proper auditing
and review procedure

EMS MODEL

Environmental Policy
Planning
Implementation and Operation
Checking and Corrective Action
Management Review

EMS MODEL
Continual
Development
Management Review

Environmental Policy

Checking and
Corrective Action

Planning

Implementation and
Operation

Elements of EMS
PLAN

ACT
Review

Environmental Policy
Environmental Aspects
Legal Requirements
Objectives and targets
Env. management program

CHECK
Monitor/measure
Non-conformance
Corrective/preventive section
Records

Audits

DO
Structure, responsibility
Training, communication
Documentation
Operational Control

Emergency preparedness

Plan-Do-Check-Act
(PDCA) Cycle
PLAN
begin by studying the current process
Standardize the process
collect data to identify the problems
Analyze data and develop a plan for
improvement
Specify measures for evaluating the
plan

Plan-Do-Check-Act
(PDCA) Cycle
DO
Implement the plan
Document any changes made during
this phase
Collect data systematically for
evaluation

Plan-Do-Check-Act
(PDCA) Cycle
CHECK
Evaluate the data collection during
the DO phase
Check how closely the results match
the original goals of the PLAN phase

Plan-Do-Check-Act
(PDCA) Cycle
ACT
(IF SUCESSFUL) Standardize the
new method and communicate the
new method to all people associated
with the process
Implement training for new method
(IF NOT) revise the plan and repeat
the process or cease the project

Environmental Aspect
Element of an organizations activities,
products or services that can interact
with the environment

Environmental Impact
Any changes to the environment,
whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or
partially resulting from an
organizations activities, products and
services

Initial Environmental
Review
Initial comprehensive analysis of the
EMS and the issues, impacts and
performances of activities at a site

Initial Environmental Review

Identification of:
legislative and regulatory
requirements
environmental aspects of its
activities, products or services so
as to determine those that have or
can have significant environmental
impacts and liabilities

Initial Environmental Review

Evaluation of:
performance compared with
relevant internal criteria
external standards
Regulations
codes of practice
sets of principles and guidelines

Initial Environmental Review

Existing environmental management
practices and guidelines
Identification of the existing policies
and procedures dealing with
procurement and contracting
activities
Feedback from the investigation of
previous incidents of non-compliance

Initial Environmental Review

Opportunity for competitive
advantage
The views of interested parties
Functions or activities of other
organizational systems that can
enable or impede environmental
performance

Environmental Performance
Measurable results of the EMS, related to
an organizations control of its
environmental aspects, based on its policy,
objectives and targets

Environmental Policy
A key tool in communicating the
environmental priorities of ones
organization to employees at all
levels
should be written clearly and
concisely and be made publicly
available
Provides a set of guidelines to
the organization to enable
continuous improvement with
regard to environmental issues

ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY
C
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I
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P
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P
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Statement by an organization of its intention and

principle in relation to its overall management

performance which provides a framework for action and

for setting of its environmental objectives and target

Environmental Policy
Appropriate to nature, scale and
environmental impacts of its activities,
products or services
commitment to continual improvement
and pollution prevention
A commitment to compliance
framework for action
Documented, implemented, maintained
and communicated to all employees
Available to public

Environmental Objective
Overall environmental goal, arising from the
environmental policy, that an organization
set itself to achieve, and which is quantified
where practicable

Environmental Target
Detailed performance requirement,
quantified where practicable, applicable to
the organization or parts thereof, that arises
from the environmental objectives and that
needs to be set and met in order to achieve
those objectives

Environmental
Management Program
a description of the means achieving
environmental objectives and targets. Its
details what must be done, by whom, how
and when for each of the defined objective
and targets of high priority

Planning
Defines the organizations goals,
objectives, and targets for its
environmental management
program
Need to identify the boundaries of its
system it can control and over which it can
be expected to have influence

EMS elements related to

planning:
Legal and other requirements
Internal performance criteria
Environmental plan and
management program

Implementation and Operation

Focus and align people systems,
strategies, resources, and
structures to achieve
environmental objectives

EMS elements related to

Implementation and Operation

Structure and responsibility

Training, awareness, and competence
Internal communication
Environmental Management
Documentation
Document Control
Operational Control
Emergency Preparedness and Response

Checking and Corrective Action

Measuring, monitoring and
evaluating are key activities of
EMS which ensure that the
organization is performing in
accordance with the stated
environmental management

Checking and Corrective Action

Monitoring and measurement
Nonconformance, corrective and
preventive action
Records
Audit EMS

Review and Improvement

Continual improvement process
should be applied to an EMS to
achieve overall improvement in
environmental performance

Review should include:

Review of environmental objectives and targets

Finding of EMS audits
Evaluation of its effectiveness
Evaluation of the suitability of the environmental
policy and the need for changes in light of:
Changing legislation
Changing expectation and requirements of
interested parties
Changes in the products or activities
Advances in science and technology
Lessons learned from environmental accidents
Market preference
Reporting and communication

Continual Improvement
Select a
process

Document

Evaluate

Study documents

Implement the
Improved process

Seek ways to
improve it

Design an
Improved process

Continual Improvement
Identify area of opportunity for
improvement of the EMS which lead to
improved environmental performance
Determine the root cause or causes of
nonconformance or deficiencies
Develop and implement plan(s) of
corrective and preventive action to
address root cause(s)

Continual Improvement
Verify the effectiveness of the
corrective and preventive actions
Document any changes in procedures
resulting from process improvement
Make comparisons with objectives and
targets