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EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
An electronic product contains 40 integrate circuits. The probability that any integrated circuit is defective
is 0.01. The integrated circuits are independent. Notice that X: number of defective integrated circuits, is
Binomial distributed. Answer the following 2 questions using this information.
1.
2.
The product operates only if there are no defective integrated circuits. What is the probability that the
product operates?
(a) 1x10-8
(b) 0.2703
(c) 0.3310
(d) 0.6690
(e) 1
The number of telephone calls that arrive at a phone exchange is often modeled as a Poisson random
variable. Assume that on the average there are 10 calls per hour. Notice that X: number of telephone calls,
is Poisson distributed. Answer the following 3 questions using this information.
3.
4.
5.
What is the variance in the number of telephone calls that arrive at a phone exchange per hour?
(a) 5
(b) 10
(c) 15
(d) 20
(e) 25
The time between calls to plumbing supply business is exponentially distributed with a mean time between
calls of 15 minutes. Notice that X: the time between calls, is exponentially distributed. Answer the
following 2 questions using this information.
6.
STAT 211-200
7.
EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
What is the probability that the time until the next call is between 20 and 30 minutes?
(a) 0
(b) 0.1283
(c) 0.1353
(d) 0.2636
(e) 0.3744
The reaction time of a driver to visual stimulus is normally distributed with a mean of 0.4 second and a
standard deviation of 0.05 second. Answer the following 3 questions using this information.
8.
What is the probability that a reaction time requires more than 0.5 second?
(a) 0.0228
(b) 0.4772
(c) 0.5228
(d) 0.9772
9.
10. What standard deviation of reaction time is needed so that the probability of reaction time requires
more than 0.5 second is 0.01?
(a) 0.0429
(b) 0.05
(c) 0.4
(d) 23.3
(e) 125
Let X be the next value produced by a random number generator. It is modeled by the following
probability density function (pdf),
k (5 x), 0 x 1
f(x)=
otherwise
0,
STAT 211-200
EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
(c) k/3
(d) 2k/5
(e) 6k/13
14. Let Z be a standard normal random variable. Which of the following z* satisfies P( Z > z*) = 0.2?
(a) 0.84
(b) 0.58
(c) 0.58
(d) 0.84
Quality audit records are kept on numbers of major and minor failures of circuit packs during-in of large
electronic switching devices. They indicate that for a device of this type, the random variables X (the
number of major failures) and Y (the number of minor failures) can be described at least approximately by
the accompanying joint distribution.
x
0
1
Total
y
0
0.25
0.10
0.35
1
0.15
0.20
0.35
2
0.10
0.20
0.30
Total
0.50
0.50
1
E(Y)=0.95
E(Y2)=1.55
Var(Y)=0.6475. Answer the following 9 questions using all these
information.
15. Which of the following is the probability of observing exactly one minor failure?
(a) 0.20
(b) 0.25
(c) 0.30
(d) 0.35
(e) 0.50
16. Which of the following is the joint probability of observing no major failures and 2 minor failures?
(Hint: P( X=0 , Y=2 ) )
(a) 0.05
(b) 0.10
(c) 0.15
(d) 0.20
(e) 0.25
17. Given that there are 2 minor failures observed, what is the probability of observing no major failures?
(Hint: P( X=0 | Y=2 ))
(a) 0.10
(b) 0.30
(c) 0.33
(d) 0.50
(e) 0.67
18. Which of the following is the expected number of major failures?
(a) 0
(b) 0.5
(c) 1
(d) 1.5
(e) 2
19. Which of the following is the standard deviation in the major failures?
(a) 0.016
(b) 0.125
(c) 0.250
STAT 211-200
EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
(d) 0.500
(e) 0.595
20. Which of the following is the covariance between the major failures and the minor failures. (Hint:
Cov(X,Y))
(a) 0
(b) 0.125
(c) 0.250
(d) 0.500
(e) 0.600
21. Would you call the major failures (X) and the minor failures (Y) as unrelated?
(a) Yes
(b) No
The variable U=Y-X is potential interest.
information.
Formulas
Discrete probability distribution, p(x) is legitimate if
0 p(x)=P(X=x) 1 for all x where X is a discrete random variable (r.v).
p ( x) 1
all x
STAT 211-200
EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
P( X
y)
for all y
x p( x)
for all x
h( x ) p ( x )
for all x
2
E( X )
2
where
p( x)
for all x
n x n x
P(X x) p (1 p ,) x0,12,. ,n
x
E(X) = np
and
Var(X) = np(1-p)
Poisson Distribution: The probability of an arrival is proportional to the length of waiting time.
P ( X x)
e x
, x 0,1,2,3,...........,
x!
(ii)
STAT 211-200
EXAM 2 FORM A
SUMMER03
f ( y)dy.
p F (r ( p )) P ( X r ( p ))
f ( y )dy.
where P(Xmedian)=P(X>median)=0.50
f ( x )dx.
Expected
value
E ( h( x ))
for
the
function
of
continuous
random
variables,
h(x):
h( x )
f ( x ) dx.
2 Var ( X ) E ( X 2 ) 2
where
E( X 2 )
f ( x ) dx.
1
,
axb
ba
X
Normal Distribution: X ~ N ( , 2 ) and z
~ N (0 , 1) where z is the standard normal variable
formula).
The Gamma Distribution:X~ Gamma ( , ) then (1 / 2) , E ( X ) , Var ( X ) 2
( ) x 1 e x dx,
( 1) ( 1),
1
( 1)!,
is any positive integer
If =1 then it is called standard gamma distribution.
When the random variable is a standard gamma r.v. then the cdf is called the incomplete gamma
function (Appendix Table A.4). F(x;,)=F(x/;)
x*
If = 1 then it is Exponential(=1/). f ( x) e x , x>0 and
P( X x*) 1 e
p ( x, y )
y
E(X)=
x p( x, y ) x p( x) and E ( X
x
p ( x, y ) .
) x p ( x, y ) x
p( x)
STAT 211-200
E(XY)=
x y p ( x, y )
x
EXAM 2 FORM A
and
Cov(X,Y)=E(XY)-E(X)E(Y)
x p( x | y )
x
SUMMER03