DEAD LOAD

Example 2.1: find the uniform load on a typical interior beam supporting the floor shown

From Table 2.1 determine weight per square foot of materials comprising the floor.
Since concrete is on fluted steel deck, take average thickness of 5 total weight is:
Quarry tile 5.8psf
Concrete 62.5psf (5 x 12.5psf)
Steel deck 2.5psf
Suspended ceiling 1.0psf
Total 71.8psf
The beam supports a portion fot he floor half the distance of the beam spacing on either
side or 8. 8 x 17.8psf = 574plf.
- To determine total load multiply by the length of beam
- In practice 71.8 would be rounded to nearest whole number so weight in this example is
72psf and the load would be 576plf
-

DEAD LOAD

Volume of beam 10.0 x 0.6 x 0.3 = 1.8 m3

Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 24 kN/m 3
Therefore, dead load of beam = volume x unit weight
= 1.8 m3 x 24 kN/m3
= 43.2 kN

LIVE LOADS

Example 2.2: What live load should be used to design an interior beam that supports 225ft 2
of
office space, a live load of 50psf, and a dead load of 72psf? Calculate and compare both
code
methods
- Since the live load is less than 100psf and the office is not a public assembly space ro a
parking
garage, a reduction is permitted by either method. For each, first determine the reduction
and
then check against the limitations
Since an interior beam, the value of KLL from table 2.3 is 2
L = LO (.25 + 15/KLLAT)
L = 50[.25 + 15/(2)(225)]
L = 47.86psf
The limiting load is:
.5LO
(.5)(50) = 25psf
Value is less than the calculated value use 47.9psf
- The alternate reduction yields a similar result:
R = r(A 150)
R = (.08)(225 150)
R = 6%
The limiting reduction is 40% for horizontal members and it cannot exceed the
percentage determined by the following formula:
R = 23.1(1+ D/LO)
R = (23.1)(1 + 72/50)
R = 56.36%
Of the three values, 6% is the least so the reduced live load will be:
50 (.06)(50)
Reduced live load = 47psf
LIVE LOADS
Roof live load, Lr is given by the following:
Lr = 20R1R2
- R1 is based on the tributary area At
- If At does not exceed 200ft2, R1 is 1.0
- If At exceeds 600ft2, R1 is .6
- For values of At between these two limits the following equation is used:
R1 = 1.2 - .001At
- The value of R2 is based on the roof slope F in inches of rise per foot of run.
- If F does not exceed 4/ft, R2 is 1.0.
- If F exceeds 12/ft, R2 is .6.
- For values of F between these two limits the following equation is used:
R2 = 1.2 - .05F
Example 2.3: What roof live load should be used to design a column that supports 450ft 2 of
a roof
with a slope of 5 of rise per foot of run? Calculate the reduction for tributary area and slop
and then
find the design roof live load
R1 = 1.2 - .001At
R1 = 1.2 - .001(450)

R1 = .75
R2 = 1.2 - .05F
R2 = 1.2 - .05(5)
R2 = .95
Lr = 20R1R2
Lr = 20(.75)(.95)
Lr = 14.25psf
Since the calculated roof live load is greater than the minimum value of 12, use 14.3psf
b/c value is heavier
LIVE LOADS

Area of floor = 6.0 m x 4.0 m = 24 m2

Live load rating of a house = 1.5 kPa
Therefore, live load of floor = 24 m2 x 1.5 kPa = 36 Kn

Header Example #1
Here, each square foot of roof system delivers 50 pounds of live load and 15 pounds of dead load (65 psf
total) to the structural support system. Remember, these loads are distributed uniformly over the entire
surface of the roof. The exterior wall (and the headers within) will carry all loads from the mid-point of the
house (between the supporting walls) to the outside of the house (including the roof overhang). The
distance in this case is 12 ft+ 2 ft = 14 ft. So, each lineal foot of wall must carry the loads imposed by a 1-

foot wide strip in that 14 ft region. In technical terms, the wall has a tributary width of 14 ft. From this we
can readily see that each lineal foot of wall supports:
Conditions:
live load (snow):
50 psf x 14ft = 700 pounds per lineal foot
roof dead load:
15 psf x 14ft = 210 pounds per lineal foot
total load:
= 910 pounds per lineal foot

This figure illustrates 2 structural elements: a structural ridge beam and a center girder. Both have a
tributary area of 120. The load per foot of beam is determined the same way as for headers.
Ridge Beam Conditions:

live load (snow):

50 psf x 12 ft = 600 pounds per lineal foot
roof dead load:
10 psf x 12 ft = 120 pounds per lineal foot
total load:
= 720 pounds per lineal foot
Girder Example
The center beam carries half of the floor load, the partition load and half of the second floor load. Live and
dead loads are given in the building code. The weight of the partition is listed in the Architectural Graphic
Standards as 10 pounds per square foot.
B) First Floor Girder Conditions

1st floor live load:

40 psf x 12 ft = 480 pounds per lineal foot

1st floor dead load:

10 psf x 12 ft = 120 pounds per lineal foot

8-foot tall partition:

= 80 pounds per lineal foot

2nd floor live load:

30 psf x 12 ft =360 pounds per lineal foot

2nd floor dead load:

10 psf x 12 ft =120 pounds per lineal foot

total load:

=1160 pounds per lineal foot

DEAD LOAD