What are Pump classifications?

DYNAMIC

DISPLACEMENT

*Classification of DYNAMIC pump

A-according to impeller shape:

1-radial flow 2-axial flow 3-mixed flow 4-regenrative

B-according to mechanical design:

1-centrifugal 2-regenrative 3-special effect

C-according to casing design:

1-volute casing

2-diffuser casing (deep well turbine pump)

*Classification of DISPLACEMENT pumps

1-Rotary pumps

2-Reciprocating

Rotary include: (vane, lobe, screw, flexible member, piston)

Reciprocating include: (steam, power, controlled volume)

What's NPSH?
Is the measurement of liquid pressure at the suction end of a pump. Insufficient NPSH can cause Cavitation to the
pumps. To avoid cavitations, NPSHA must be equal to or exceed the NPSHR.

What's cavitation?
Cavitation is the formation of vapour bubbles of a flowing liquid in a region where the pressure of the liquid falls
below its vapor pressure

What are Modes of heat transfer?

Convention, conduction and radiation

What are types of gears?

1-spur gears
4-Internal gears

2-Bevel gears
5-Rack and Pinion

3-Worm and wormwheel

6-Helical gear

What are the types of pump impellers?

1-Open type 2-Closed type 3- Semi open

Mention 4 types of pumps?

Centrifugal pump
Rotary Vane
Piston
Gear

Draw Rankin cycle

What are the classes of fire?

Class A Ordinary combustibles, (e.g. trash, wood, paper, cloth)
Class B Flammable liquids and Flammable gases, (e.g. oils, grease, tar, gasoline, paints, thinners)
Class C Electrical equipment,
Class D Combustible metals (e.g. magnesium, titanium)
Class K Cooking oil or fat.

What are the extinguishing agents for each class?

Class (A)
Water; chemical foam; dry chemical
Class (B)
Carbon dioxide (CO2); halon; dry chemical; aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)
Class (C)
CO2; halon; dry chemical

Class (D)
Dry powder

What is the function of jokey pump?

Jokey pumps are for to keep the fire water network always pressurized these pumps always running and keep the
system running and maintain system pressure around 7-8 bar

Draw the centrifugal pump characteristic curves?

Performance curve

System curve

What is the centrifugal pump operating principle?

The purpose of centrifugal pump is to convert energy of prime mover(electric motor or turbine) first into velocity
or kinetic energy and then into pressure energy of fluid that is being pumped
The energy changes occur by virtue of two main parts of pump the impeller and volute or diffuser. The impeller is
the rotating part that converts driver energy into kinetic energy and diffuser or volute is the stationary part that
converts kinetic energy into pressure energy.

Define the Dew point?

The temperature at which a vapor begins to condense

Mention 3 types of temperature measuring device explain one

Thermometer-thermocouple-RTD Resistance temperature detectors
Thermocouple is a junction between two different metals that produces a voltage related to a temperature
difference. Such as copper constantan thermocouple

What's the relation between CELSIUS and FEHRNHIT?

Tc= (5/9) (tf-32)

What are resolution and accuracy in measuring device?

Resolution means the smallest increment or step that can be taken or seen
Accuracy of a system refers to how much the system, deviates from the truth

Mention 3 types of flanges?

Weld neck
Slip-on
Blind
Threaded
Lap join

What does this Symbol mean E7018?

E Electrode

70,000 pounds of tensile strength

1 Can be welded in any position

8 a low-hydrogen iron powder type electrode

What is flywheel and what's the purpose of using it?

A flywheel is a mechanical device with a significant moment of inertia used as a storage device for
rotational energy. Which helps steady the rotation of the shaft when a fluctuating torque is exerted
on it.

What is gear pump and what are the advantages of using it?
Gear pump are appropriate for pumping relatively high pressures and low capacities.
Advantages:
1- The ability to handle a wide range of viscosities,
2- Less sensitivity to cavitation (than centrifugal style pumps),
3-relatively simple to maintain and rebuild.

What is sensor, mention 4 types?

A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an
observer or by an instrument
Pressure-temperature-speed-humidity-light-distance

Write down the 3 laws of thermodynamics?

1-Energy or matter can neither be created nor destroyed
2-it is impossible to obtain a process where the unique effect is the subtraction of a positive heat from a reservoir
and the production of a positive work.
3-all processes cease as temperature approaches absolute zero. This is the temperature at which molecules cease
movement, cease producing kinetic energy. In other words, there is no energy

Differentiate between Destructive and nondestructive testing?

Destructive testing, tests are carried out to the specimen's failure, in order to understand a specimen's structural
performance or material behavior under different loads. but the specimen is no longer used because of being
damaged.
Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a wide group of analysis techniques used in science and industry to evaluate the
properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. Because NDT does not permanently alter
the article being inspected