ASCPi Questions:

1. What is the metabolite of cocaine? Benzoylecgonine

2. Action of caffeine benzoate in bilirubin determination? Accelerator
3. Bacteria present after jaw surgery? 2 answers (dont know the best answer)
Veilonella and Peptostreptococcus
4. Ingestion of moth balls results to what kind of erythrocyte inclusion? Heinz
bodies
5. The binding site of an antibody contains? 1 light chain and 1 heavy chain
6. Picture of Alternaria (imagine Dumbledores Elder Wand):

7. Question about how to diagnose Fragile X Syndrome (molecular diagnostics)

Southern Blot
8. Picture of bilirubin crystals Liver disease

9. Description of a fungi without any rhizoids Mucor (Rhizopus = with 1 rhizoid,

Absidia = between 2 rhizoids)
10. LDH is so high, it was first diluted in 1:20, then 2nd dilution was done by getting 2
mL of 1st dilution, diluted in 3 mL of water. Final conc. is 120 U/L. What is the
corrected concentration?
First dilution = 1:20.
2nd dilution = 2 mL/(2 mL + 3mL) = 2/5.
Combined Dilution = 1/20 x 2/5 = 1:50.
Actual concentration = 120 x 50 = 6000 U/L

11. What FANA test is a specific test that uses this? SLE (Crithidia lucillae
specific for SLE, has dsDNA).

12. May binigay na data: Sa first column, Increasing concentration, sa last column,
increasing absorbance. Ano daw yung piipiliing tama (if I can recall)? - Sagot ko
yung may pinakamalaking value.
13. A cryoPPT was pooled at 8 AM, when will it expire? 12 NN (4 hours expiration).
14. D+ ang patient, pero nag-form siya ng anti-D. Ano daw meron dun?
A. Quantifiable weak D
B. Partial D (eto sagot ko)
C. Weak D blah blah
D. Du (superscript)
15. Meron ding tinanong about INTERlaboratory QC - Sagot ko: Ipatest sa ibang lab.
Huwag ninyong isagot yung choice na isang specimen, maraming test or itago
yung test for future use (INTRALAB kasi ito)
16. May oxidase NEGATIVE na na hindi daw nag-grow or NLF ata daw sa
MacConkey na responsable daw sa antibiotic resistant infection.
A. Pseudomonas
B. E. coli
C. Neisseria
D. Genus that starts with letter A na nakalimutan ko (eto sagot ko)
17. How do you differentiate Morganella from Providencia?
A. Urease
B. Motility
C. Citrate and Gas Production --> Sagot ko
D. PAD
18. TIBC is a measure of? Iron bound to Transferrin
19. Kapag may nakita kang Eosinophils, isasama mo ba yon sa LAP Score? - HINDI
20. CD4 cells are INDUCER (CD8 is CYTOTOXIC)
21. Disease associated with pseudo-Pelger Huet? Myeloproliferative disorders
22. In a 50 cell differential with WBC count of 0.5x10 3 the technologist noted 88 nRBCs. What is the corrected WBC count? (WBC Count x 50) /( n-RBCs + 50)
23. Which of the following cell reacts LEAST with anti-H?
a. O

b. A1 (sagot)
c. A2
d. A3
24. Normal ang value ng Total CK, pero ang Troponin, abnormal, ano daw sakit?
A. Angina
B. AMI (Eto sagot ko)
C. Something may heart din ang tinuro
D. Nakalimutan ko.
25. Chronic Hepatitis (autoimmune) - anti-smooth muscle antibody
26. Picture of a teardrop cell Myelofibrosis
27. Nagparequest ng Cryo AHF. Thawed at 10 AM, POOLED at 11:30 AM. Noong 2
PM, scheduled ang pasyente na X-ray or surgery that will be finished at 2 hours.
Pwede pa daw magamit ang Cryo? HINDI NA. 4 hours lang ang pwede itagal
nun. 11:30 AM --> expires at 3:30 PM. Matatapos ang x-ray/surgery ng 4 PM. =)
28. Responsible for parasitic infection acquired from CONTACT LENSES?
Acanthamoeba
29. May tinanong sa UNFRACTIONATED Heparin Therapy, pero still, normal daw
ang APTT. Ano daw ang next na gagawin? I answered: ANTITHROMBIN. Other
choices include: Factor VIII, nakalimutan ko yung 2.
30. Hi lipase, and amylase cause serum to be what? Viscous, lipemic, hemolyze?
(not sure bout d ans)
31. Serum amylase can be normal if specimen is lipemic
32. May nanay na O-, pero may anak na O+ na nagkaroon ng hemolytic anemia,
bilirubinemia, etc. Kaninong dugo daw pwede idonate for exchange transfusion?
A. Tatay
B. Nanay (sagot ko)
C. Rh null blood
D. blah blah
33. Definition of oliguria:
A. Coffee Intake (Hindi pwede ito dahil diuretic ang kape dahil sa caffeine. Ihi ka
nang ihi kapag uminom ka.)
B. Diabetes Insipidus (high urine output, so mali ito)
C. Compulsory high water intake (aba syempre, ihi ka nang ihi kapag inom ka
nang inom ng tubig, so mali din ito)
D. Nakalimutan ko yung choice (eto sagot ko)
34. Apheresis is equal to how many random platelet donor units? - 6-8 units
35. BUN urease method actually measures a. Nitroprusside
b. NAD (eto sagot: "NAD" (remember urease converts your urea into ammonium.
In turn, ammonium plus glutamate plus NAD is reacted with glutamate
dehydrogenase to produce oxoglutarate, ammonia and NADH. The change in
NAD to NADH is measured SPECTROPHOTOMETRICALLY). =)
c. H2O2
36. May 4 na sets of mean and SD, ang tanong daw is sino daw yung most precise
sa 4 na iyon? Answer: The value with the lowest coefficient of variation (SD/Mean
x 100)

37. Anong specimen daw ang kailangang busisiin kung resistant sa GENTAMICIN?
Sagot ko Enterococcus (not sure about the right answer).
38. Tinanong din kung ano ang mga kailangan sa PCR: Sagot ko: thermostable DNA
Polymerase, primer and (nakalimutan ko yung isa pa)
39. Description ng morphology ng ACTINOMYCES. Sagot ko: thin walled,
BRANCHING, filamentous...
40. May tinanong din na binigyan ka ng set of results:
May percentage ang bawat isa dito:
Metamyelocyte
Stabs
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Neutrophils = 40%
Since medyo halos lahat lumabas na immature and mature forms of WBC, I
answered CML (I forgot the other choices)...
41. Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using which of the following amniotic fluid
assays?
A. Acetylcholinesterase
B. AFP
C. Foam stability index (answer) in the exam, my answer was phosphatidyl
glycerol which is also correct.
D. OD450
42. Counting of sperm cells is done AFTER liquefaction
43. Which of the following is used to measure TOTAL IgE Answer: RIST
44. A group O individual has which of the following sets of isoagglutinins? Answer:
Anti-A, Anti-B and Anti-A,B
45. Virulence factors of N. gonorrhoea? Pili, endotoxin and capsule
46. Patients with cystic fibrosis is usually tested of which of the following bacteria?
Answer: Either Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus or Burkholderia cepacia
47. Specimen for blood gas analysis should be Answer: in heparinized syringe with
needle on a rubber stopper
48. What is the first step in the photometric procedure to determine iron
concentration: Answer: Acidification (remember the steps of ARC = Acidify,
Reducing Agent, Color Agent)
49. There is a band anodal to albumin in CSF electrophoresis. This should be
reported as - Answer: NORMAL
50. Coronary infarction, muscle spasms and sudden death can be associated with
the decrease of which of the following electrolytes Answer: MAGNESIUM.
51. Mature and immature blood cells are best differentiated from each other using
which of the following parameters Answer: CHROMATIN CLUMPING.
52. The presence of lyse-resistant RBC can affect which of the following parameters
in electrical impedance? Answer: WBC COUNT.
53. Which of the following is increased in alpha thalassemia? Answer: Barts
hemoglobin (4 chain deletions) and HbH (3 chain deletions)

54. Principle behind when a light hits something and emits a more powerful/larger
wavelength/energy. Sagot: FLUOROMETRY / FLUORESCENCE.
55. Meron ka daw control specimen (ATCC) ng Streptococcus agalactiae and you
have Staphylococcus aureus, pero negative sa CAMP test. Ano daw susunod
mong gagawin para malaman mo kung totoo ngang Streptococcus agalactiae
ang control mo? - Sagot ko: Reverse CAMP test with Campylobacter (eto sagot
ko since if talagang Streptococcus agalactiae siya, mag-go-grow ang Campy
[arrow zone of hemolysis]).
56. Ano daw ang makakapagpababa sa HbA1c? Sagot: Hemolysis (Hemolytic
anemia)
57. Bacteria that is lysostaphin resistant? Sagot: Micrococcus.
58. May urinalysis report, pero merong oval fat bodies and fatty casts Sagot:
NEPHROTIC SYNDROME.
59. Kapag may nakita kang 3 lactose fermenters na gram neg bacilli, possible
Enterococci and Staph sa stool, ano daw gagawin mo?
A. Identify the 3 gram neg bacilli
B. Issue mo lang daw yung Enterococci and Staph
C. Nakalimutan ko
D. Report as normal flora (nakalimutan ko, eto ata sagot ko)
60. Lab Management Question: Kung sakaling papalitan ang resulta na na-release
na, ano ang gagawin mo? Choices: Keep a record of the logbook, palitan daw
yung nasa record, etc. Ang sagot ko is Place the time, date and kung sino ang
gumawa ng change of results.
61. May lumabas na QC chart. It shows trend (6 consecutive rising). Trend means
the reagents have been deteriorated, so ang sagot ko sa choice is: OPEN A
REAGENT WITH A NEW LOT NUMBER. =)
62. May lumabas describing a slide in microscopic view na sa end side, concentrated
ang granulocytes (LPO), sa HPO, even ang red ang RBC, dark blue to purple
ang WBC. Ano daw ang discrepancy dito? Sagot ko is yung sa end side,
concentrated ang granulocytes (I think bawal yun kasi dapat evenly distributed?)
63. Lab Management Question: Kanino daw pwede irelease ang resulta?
1. Esposo ng pasyente
2. Sa mga tauhan sa hospital.
3. Patient undergoing the examination.
4. Dentist who is attending the patient (eto sagot ko).
64. Recall your MCV, MCH and MCHC calculations
65. Review the function of a monochromator
66. Antibodies in rubella infection: Sagot: IgM and IgG
67. Differentiating test for Citrobacter and Salmonella? Sagot: Lysine Decarboxylase
and ONPG
68. Heparin acts by inhibiting activated Factor II
69. React with phenol @ ph 9.5? alk phos (pagets dse)
70. Crenated, vacuolated granulocytes, bizarre lymph and mono suggests what
abnormalty?
71. In hemolytic anemia, what is expected? Answer: Low haptoglobin

72. In intrinsic hemolysis, hemoglobin in urine will appear only when? Answer:
Haptogobin is depleted
73. Antibody Panel Screening: Answer: Anti-E + and Anti-Jka
74. Antibody Panel Screening: Answer: Anti-K
75. Another Antibody Panel Screening
76. How to find compatible units if px with anti-jka and anti-k needs 5 units, given
frequencies of those with jka and k Ag? Answer: Units needed / (product of
frequencies of those NEGATIVE to the antigens)
Say for example, ang frequency ng Jka+ sa population is 75%, you will
require those who are negative by subtracting it to the total population which
is 100%, so ang frequency ng Jka- is 25%)
77. What enzyme has p-nitrophenyl PO4 as its substrate, reacts best at pH 9.6, and
is increased in Pagets disease? Answer: Alkaline Phosphatase
78. Electrolyte that is a co-factor for 300 enzymes Sagot: Magnesium or Zinc
79. Mucin clot test uses what? Answer: Acetic Acid
80. Low iron, low TIBC, normal ferritin (iron stores) Answer: Anemia of Chronic
Disorder
81. A patient with blood glucose of 100 mg/dL. In urinalysis, it yielded positive result
in urine strip glucose. This indicates Answer: Renal Glucosuria (normal ang
blood glucose. If high ang blood glucose, answer DM).
82. Portwine urine color Answer: Porphyrin
83. Picture of spherocytes Sagot ko: mild anemia
84. A patients blood reveals a band in the A-S region in Hemoglobin electrophoresis.
But the patient is negative for sickling test. The patient has what? Sicke cell trait,
alpha thalassemia, Hemoglobin D trait, Hemoglobin S variant.
- The patient here has Hemoglobin D trait. The patient cannot have sickle cell
trait nor Hgb S variant bec. Of the negative sickling test. Any patient that has
Hgb S, either homozygous (Sickle cell disease) or heterozygous (sickle cell
trait) should be POSITIVE for sickling test. Among the choices, the most
probable is Hgb D trait because of the fact that Hgb S and Hgb D migrate
together in electrophoresis including Hgb G.
85. TSI of Klebsiella oxytoca and pneumonia: Mucoid colony grew in MacConkey
medium . TSI reaction shown. Sulfide (+). Klebsiella pneumoniae or oxytoca?

86. Rotavirus is best detected using: Cell Cultures

87. Rhogam questions
88. I forgot the question, but the choices are:
Recheck the pH
Request another specimen
Do ACETEST
Blah Blah
Sagot ko request another specimen... (not sure)
89. What lab value is in questionable with respect to other lab findings:
BUN=high (di ko maalala actual value)
glucose=high
Crea=high
na, k= normal
osmolarity= 300? (basta nasa NV sya binigay nila NV)
a. BUN
b. Crea.
c. Osmolarity<--eto sagot kasi ang COMPUTED osmolarity is 376 eh ang laki ng
gap
90. A technologist reading a PBS saw many creneted Red cells and bizarre forms of
monocyte and platelet. The technologist made another smear but got the same
results. What could be the cause?
a. blood left standing for 8 hrs
b. to vigurous mixing (not sure, but sagot ko ito)
c. hemolysed

Take note that not all of my answers are correct, so try to correct me if I am/we are wrong...
Thank you! =)

ASCPi Questions:

1. What is the metabolite of cocaine?

Answer: Benzoylecgonine

2. Action of caffeine benzoate in bilirubin determination?

Answer: Accelerator

3. Bacteria present after jaw surgery?

2 answers (dont know the best answer) Veilonella and Peptostreptococcus
--> Just in case it appears in the question, Veilonella is an anaerobic GRAM NEGATIVE
COCCI and Peptostreptococcus is an anaerobic GRAM POSITIVE COCCI.

4. Ingestion of moth balls results to what kind of erythrocyte inclusion?

Answer: Heinz bodies

5. The binding site of an antibody contains?

Answer: 1 light chain and 1 heavy chain

6. Picture of Alternaria (imagine Dumbledores Elder Wand):

7. Question about how to diagnose Fragile X Syndrome [genetic syndrome that is the most
common known single-gene cause of autism and the most common inherited cause of intellectual
disability] (molecular diagnostics)
Answer: Southern Blot

8. Picture of bilirubin crystals

Answer: Liver disease

9. Description of a fungi without any rhizoids

Answer: Mucor (Rhizopus = with 1 rhizoid, Absidia = Sporangiophores arising between
rhizoids and not opposite them). This question did not flash any picture during the exam.

10. LDH is so high, it was first diluted in 1:20, then 2nd dilution was done by getting 2 mL of 1st
dilution, diluted in 3 mL of water. Final conc. is 120 U/L. What is the corrected concentration?
Answer: First dilution = 1:20.
2nd dilution = 2 mL/(2 mL + 3mL) = 2/5.
Combined Dilution = 1/20 x 2/5 = 1:50.
Actual concentration = 120 x 50 = 6000 U/L

11. What FANA test is a specific test that uses this?

Answer: SLE (Crithidia lucillae specific for SLE, has dsDNA).

12. May binigay na data: Sa first column, Increasing concentration, sa last column, increasing
absorbance. Ano daw yung piipiliing tama (if I can recall)? - Answer ko: yung may
pinakamalaking value.

13. A cryoPPT was pooled at 8 AM, when will it expire?

Answer: 12 NN (4 hours ang expiration).

14. D+ ang patient, pero nag-form siya ng anti-D. Ano daw meron dun?
A. Quantifiable Weak D
B. Partial D (eto sagot ko)

C. Weak D blah blah

D. Du (superscript)

15. Meron ding tinanong about INTERlaboratory QC

- Sagot ko: Ipatest sa ibang lab. Huwag ninyong isagot yung choice na isang specimen,
maraming test or itago yung test for future use (INTRALAB kasi ito)

16. May oxidase NEGATIVE na partially or non-lactose fermenting daw sa MacConkey na

responsable daw sa antibiotic resistant infection.
A. Pseudomonas
B. E. coli
C. Neisseria
D. Acinetobacter (correct answer)

17. How do you differentiate Morganella from Providencia?

A. Urease
B. Motility
C. Citrate and Gas Production (ODC sa ibang kumuha) --> Sagot ko/namin
D. PAD (Hindi ito pwede because PAD is positive for your PPM: Proteus, Providencia and
Morganella)

18. TIBC is a measure of?

Answer: Iron bound to Transferrin

19. Kapag may nakita kang Eosinophils, isasama mo ba yon sa LAP Score?

 Answer: HINDI

20. CD4 cells are

Answer: INDUCER (CD8 is CYTOTOXIC)

21. Disease associated with pseudo-Pelger Huet?

- Answer: Myeloproliferative disorders

22. In a 50 cell differential with WBC count of 0.5 X 10 to the 3rd power, the technologist noted
88 nucleated RBCs. What is the corrected WBC count?
Answer: (WBC Count x 50) /( n-RBCs + 50)

23. Which of the following cell reacts LEAST with anti-H?

a. O
b. A1 (sagot)
c. A2
d. A3

24. Normal ang value ng Total CK, pero ang Troponin, abnormal, ano daw sakit?
A. Angina (pwede din ito, but choose the best answer)
B. AMI (Eto sagot ko)
C. Something may heart din ang tinuro
D. Nakalimutan ko.

25. Chronic Hepatitis (autoimmune)

- Answer: anti-smooth muscle antibody

26. Picture of a teardrop cell

Answer: Myelofibrosis

27. A doctor requested for a cryoprecipitate AHF. Thawed at 10 AM, POOLED at 11:30 AM.
Noong 2 PM, the patient is scheduled for X-Ray or surgery that will be finished at 2 hours. Can
the cryoprecipitate still be issued?
Answer: HINDI NA. 4 hours lang ang pwede itagal nun. 11:30 AM --> expires at 3:30 PM.
Matatapos ang X-Ray/surgery ng 4 PM. =)

28. Responsible for parasitic infection acquired from CONTACT LENSES?

Answer: Acanthamoeba

29. May tinanong sa UNFRACTIONATED Heparin Therapy, pero still, normal daw ang APTT.
Ano daw ang next na gagawin?
- I answered: ANTITHROMBIN.
Other choices include: Factor VIII, nakalimutan ko yung 2.

30. High lipase, and amylase cause serum to be what? Viscous, lipemic, hemolyzed?
- not sure about the answer, but I answered lipemic

Version of others: High lipase results tapos yung iba normal naman ano ang itsura ng plasma- not
sure but answer ko is lipemic

31. Serum amylase can be normal if

Answer: specimen is lipemic

32. May nanay na O-, pero may anak na O+ na nagkaroon ng hemolytic anemia, bilirubinemia,
etc. Kaninong dugo daw pwede i-donate for exchange transfusion?
A. Tatay
B. Nanay
C. Rh null blood
D. Group O negative (correct answer)

33. Definition of oliguria:

A. Coffee Intake (Hindi pwede ito dahil diuretic ang kape dahil sa caffeine. Ihi ka nang ihi kapag
uminom ka.)
B. Diabetes Insipidus (high urine output, so mali ito)
C. Compulsory high water intake (aba syempre, ihi ka nang ihi kapag inom ka nang inom ng
tubig, so mali din ito)
D. Nakalimutan ko yung choice (eto sagot ko)

34. Apheresis is equal to how many random platelet donor units?

- Answer: 6-8 units (Harmening)

35. BUN urease method actually measures

A. Nitroprusside
B. NAD [eto sagot ko (remember urease converts your urea into ammonium. In turn,
ammonium plus glutamate plus NAD is reacted with glutamate dehydrogenase to produce
oxoglutarate, ammonia and NADH. The change in NAD to NADH is measured
SPECTROPHOTOMETRICALLY)]. =)
C. H2O2

36. May 4 sets of mean and SD, ang tanong daw is sino daw yung most precise sa 4 na iyon?
- Answer: The value with the lowest coefficient of variation (CV = SD/Mean x 100)

37. Anong specimen daw ang kailangang busisiin kung resistant sa GENTAMICIN? Answer: Enterococcus.

38. Tinanong din kung ano ang mga kailangan sa PCR:

- Answer: Primer, DNA Template, Deoxyribonucleotide Bases, Thermostable DNA
Polymerase (or Taq Polymerase), PCR Buffer (such as magnesium chloride), Thermal
Cycler (machine) and Controls for PCR

39. Description ng morphology ng ACTINOMYCES.

- Answer: Thin walled, BRANCHING, filamentous, non-spore forming Gram positive
bacilli

40. May tinanong din na binigyan ka ng set of results:

May percentage ang bawat isa dito:

Metamyelocyte
Stabs
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Neutrophils = 40%

- Since medyo halos lahat lumabas na immature and mature forms of WBC, I answered CML (I
forgot the other choices)...

41. Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using which of the following amniotic fluid assays?
A. Acetylcholinesterase
B. AFP this is the test if ang bata ay may Down Syndrome, so mali
C. Foam stability index (answer) in the exam, my answer was phosphatidyl glycerol
which is also correct.
D. OD450 this is a test for HDN, so hindi pwede ito.

42. Counting of sperm cells is done

Answer: AFTER liquefaction

43. Which of the following is used to measure TOTAL IgE?

- Answer: RIST [take note that there are examinees na ang tinanong is naman is specific IgE
(sagot diyaan ay RAST)]

44. A group O individual has which of the following sets of isoagglutinins?

Answer: Anti-A, Anti-B and Anti-A,B

45. Virulence factors of N. gonorrhoea?

Answer: Pili, endotoxin and capsule

46. Patients with cystic fibrosis are usually tested of which of the following bacteria?
Answer: Either: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus or Burkholderia cepacia

47. Specimen for blood gas analysis should be...

- Answer: In heparinized syringe with needle on a rubber stopper

48. What is the first step in the photometric procedure to determine iron concentration:
- Answer: Acidification (remember the steps of ARC = Acidify, Reducing Agent, Color
Agent)

49. There is a band anodal to albumin in CSF electrophoresis. This should be reported as
- Answer: NORMAL (PRE-ALBUMIN is normally present in CSF)

50. Coronary infarction, muscle spasms and sudden death can be associated with the decrease of
which of the following electrolytes
- Answer: MAGNESIUM.

51. Mature and immature blood cells are best differentiated from each other using which of the
following parameters

 Answer: CHROMATIN CLUMPING.

52. The presence of lyse-resistant RBC can affect which of the following parameters in electrical
impedance?
Answer: WBC COUNT.

53. Which of the following is increased in alpha thalassemia?

Answer: Barts hemoglobin (4 chain deletions) and HbH (3 chain deletions)

54. Principle behind when a light hits something and emits a more powerful/larger
wavelength/energy.
- Answer: FLUOROMETRY / FLUORESCENCE.

55. Meron ka daw control specimen (ATCC) ng Streptococcus agalactiae and you have
Staphylococcus aureus, pero negative sa CAMP test. Ano daw susunod mong gagawin para
malaman mo kung totoo ngang Streptococcus agalactiae ang control mo?
- Answer: Reverse CAMP test with Clostridium perfringens (eto sagot ko since if talagang
Streptococcus agalactiae siya, mag-go-grow ang C. perfringens [arrow zone of hemolysis]).

56. Ano daw ang makakapagpababa sa HbA1c?

Sagot: Hemolysis (Hemolytic anemia)

57. Bacteria that is lysostaphin resistant (remember the lysostaphin = lyse the staph)?
- Answer: Micrococcus.

58. May urinalysis report, pero merong oval fat bodies and fatty casts

 Sagot: NEPHROTIC SYNDROME.

59. Kapag may nakita kang 3 lactose fermenters na gram negative bacilli, possible Enterococci
and Staphylococcus sa stool, ano daw gagawin mo?
A. Identify the 3 gram neg bacilli
B. Issue mo lang daw yung Enterococci and Staph
C. Nakalimutan ko
D. Report as normal flora (nakalimutan ko, eto ata sagot ko)

60. Lab Management Question: Kung sakaling papalitan ang resulta na na-release na, ano ang
gagawin mo?
A. Keep a record of the logbook
B. Palitan daw yung nasa record, etc.
C. Place the time, date and kung sino ang gumawa ng change of results (sagot ko).

61. May lumabas na QC chart. It shows trend (6 consecutive points in a graph rising). Trend
means the reagents have been deteriorated, so ang sagot ko sa choice is:
- OPEN A REAGENT WITH A NEW LOT NUMBER.

62. May lumabas describing a slide in microscopic view na sa end side, concentrated ang
granulocytes (LPO), sa HPO, even ang red ang RBC, dark blue to purple ang WBC. Ano daw
ang discrepancy dito?
- Sagot ko is yung sa end side, concentrated ang granulocytes (I think bawal yun kasi dapat
evenly distributed?)
- If there is a choice na DELAY/TOO SLOW IN BLOOD SPREADING, answer this. This
is the real reason (correct answer)

Version ng kumuha aside from me: dinescribe ang wedge smear: sabi yung smear is 60% yung
area na nasasakop sa slide, smooth end, RBC parang pale pink ata ang color tapos yung
granulocytes eh magkakadikit sa tail end ng smear. Ano daw mali dun. Sagot ko: yung WBC,
kasi magkakadikit sila sa tail end eh diba dapat hiwahiwalay sila dun kasi nasa tail sila.

63. Lab Management (and rather somehow, Histopath) Question: Kanino daw pwede i-release
ang resulta?
A. Esposo ng pasyente
B. Sa mga tauhan sa hospital.
C.. Patient undergoing the examination.
D. Dentist who is attending the patient (eto sagot ko).

64. Recall your MCV, MCH and MCHC calculations

65. Review the function of a monochromator

66. Antibodies in rubella infection:

- Answer: IgM and IgG

Other version:
66. Detection of immune rubella antibodies is done by?
A. Detecting IgG
B. Detecting IgG and IgM
C. Detecting IgM
D. Detecting IgG at 2 weeks interval (correct answer)

67. Differentiating test for Citrobacter and Salmonella?

- Answer: Lysine Decarboxylase and ONPG

68. Heparin acts by

Answer: inhibiting activated Factor II

69. React with phenol at pH 9.5?

- Answer: Alkaline Phosphatase (Pagets Disease)

70. In hemolytic anemia, what is expected?

- Answer: Low haptoglobin

71. In intrinsic hemolysis, hemoglobin in urine will appear only when?

- Answer: Haptogobin is depleted

72. Antibody Panel Screening:

- Answer: Anti-E + and Anti-Jka

73. Antibody Panel Screening:

- Answer: Anti-K

74. Another Antibody Panel Screening

75. How do you find compatible units if a patient with anti-JKa and anti-K needs 5 units, given
frequencies of those with JKa and K Ag?
- Answer: Units needed / (product of frequencies of those NEGATIVE to the antigens)
- Say for example, ang frequency ng Jka+ sa population is 75%, you will require those who are
NEGATIVE by SUBTRACTING it to the total population which is 100%, so ang frequency ng
Jka- is 25%)

76. What enzyme has p-nitrophenylphosphate as its substrate, reacts best at pH 9.6, and is
increased in Pagets disease?
- Answer: Alkaline Phosphatase

77. Electrolyte that is a co-factor for 300 enzymes

Answer: Magnesium or Zinc

78. Mucin clot test uses what?

- Answer: Acetic Acid

79. Low iron, low TIBC, normal ferritin (iron stores)

Answer: Anemia of Chronic Disorder

80. A patient with blood glucose of 100 mg/dL. In urinalysis, it yielded positive result in urine
strip glucose. This indicates
Answer: Renal Glucosuria (normal ang blood glucose. If high ang blood glucose, answer
DM).

81. Portwine urine color

Answer: Porphyrin

82. Picture of spherocytes

Answer ko: Mild anemia

83. A patients blood reveals a band in the A-S region in Hemoglobin electrophoresis. But the
patient is negative for sickling test. The patient has what?
A. Sicke cell trait
B. Alpha thalassemia
C. Hemoglobin D trait (correct answer)
D. Hemoglobin S variant.
- The patient here has Hemoglobin D trait. The patient cannot have sickle cell trait nor Hgb S
variant because of the negative sickling test. Any patient that has HbS, either homozygous
(Sickle cell disease) or heterozygous (sickle cell trait) should be POSITIVE for sickling test.
Among the choices, the most probable is HbD trait because of the fact that HbS and Hgb D
migrate together in electrophoresis including Hgb G.

84. TSI of Klebsiella oxytoca and pneumonia: Mucoid colony grew in MacConkey medium. TSI
reaction shown. Sulfide (+). Klebsiella pneumoniae or oxytoca?

85. Rotavirus is best detected using:

-Answer: IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY / ELISA

Other Version: Stool was submitted to test for Rotavirus, then tested for enzyme immunoassay.
Positive in EIA. What will be done next? Confirm using IMMUNOELECTRON
MICROSCOPY (remember, EIA is for SCREENING only).

86. Rhogam questions

87. I forgot the question (a urinalysis result), but the choices are: Recheck the pH
A. Request another specimen
B. Do ACETEST
C. Blah Blah
- Answer ko: request another specimen... (not sure)

88. What lab value is in questionable with respect to other lab findings:
BUN=high (di ko maalala actual value)
glucose=high
Crea=high
Na, K= normal
osmolarity= 300? (basta nasa NV sya binigay nila NV)

A. BUN
B. Crea.
C. Osmolarity (eto sagot kasi ang COMPUTED osmolarity is 376 eh ang laki ng gap)

89. A technologist reading a PBS saw many creneted Red cells and bizarre forms of monocyte
and platelet. The technologist made another smear but got the same results. What could be the
cause?
A. Blood left standing for 8 hours
B. Vigorous mixing
C. Hemolysed specimen
D. Use of OLDER/INCORRECT/EXPIRED Anticoagulant such as oxalate (correct answer)

Version ng iba: Smear shows many RBC crenated cells, bizarre forms of monocytes, vacuole
containing granulocytes. The MT made another smear but got the same results. What could be
the cause?
A. Blood left standing for 8 hrs
B. Vigorous mixing
C. Use of OLDER/INCORRECT/EXPIRED Anticoagulant such as oxalate (correct answer)

Other form of this question: Crenated, vacuolated granulocytes, bizarre lymph and mono suggest
what abnormalty?

From others: Intravascular hemolysis ano ang findings sa plasma?

- Decrease plasma haptoglobin

From others: Her2/neu is a test for?

- BREAST CANCER

From others: Hgb is 9.5g/dL; MCV= 102, stomatocytes and target cells are present. This result
can be seen in?
Answer ko: Folic acid with liver disease (not sure)

From others: Please research about BRANCHING DNA. May lumabas na ganyan eh and I cant
remember the choices

From others: Given the results, choose the one that indicates hyperosmolar coma Answer:
1. Plasma glucose values exceeding 1,000 mg/dL (55 mmol/L) --> there will be an
overproduction of glucose and an impaired glucose renal excretion,
2. Normal or elevated plasma sodium and potassium,
3. Slightly decreased bicarbonate,
4. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine,
5. And an ELEVATED OSMOLALITY (greater than 320 mOsm/dL).
6. Ketones are ABSENT in this type of condition.

From others: Obstructive liver disease = ALP

From others: Enzyme correlates with ALP = GGT

From others: Phenylalanine deaminase - Providencia, Proteus, Morganella (yung nasa exam ata
PPM is given pati Serratia tas tinatanong kung ano ang negative sa Phenylalanine na test so ang
sagot is Serratia)

From others: Increased platelets, splenomegaly and bleeding is seen in what condition? Answer:
Essential Thrombocytosis/Thrombocythemia

From others: What is the analytical method used to measure HER2/neu? Answer:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH)

From others: Branched-chain DNA assay employs the principle:

A. Target Amplification
B. Probe Amplification
C. Signal Amplification (correct answer)
D. Unbranched probe DNA amplification
Rationale: Amplification procedures include nucleic acid amplification such as he polymerase
chain reaction, nucleic acidbased sequence amplification, transcription-mediated amplification,
strand displacement amplification, probe amplification such as ligase chain reaction, and signal
amplification such as branched-chain DNA assay.

Ano daw ang dapat gawin kung may send-out?

Sagot ko: Check yung ginamit nilang test and check 'yung established nilang values

From others: Infection from eating raw oysters is caused by:

Answer: Vibrio vulnificus

Picture of Geotrichum (Para siyang Bacillus anthracis):

From others: This solution is used to effectively reduce/decontaminate nucleic acid from PCR?
A. 90% isopropanolol
B. 10% formalin
C. Ethidium Bromide
D. 10% Sodium Hypochlorite (correct answer)

From others: Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) will be most useful for the following:
A. Enterovirus
B. Epstein-Barr Virus (correct answer)
C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D. Cryptocococus

From others: The mother is D-negative, the baby is D-positive. The baby suffered severe HDFN
and jaundice. The mother has a high titer of anti-D. What test will be most affected by this
scenario?
A. False negative DAT
B. False negative with anti-D sera (correct answer)
C. False positive with anti-D sera
D. False positive DAT

Other version: A mother has a high titer of anti-D and the baby has severe jaundice. The red cells
have already been coated. What would result?
A. False positive DAT
B. False negative DAT
C. False positive Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Positive with anti-D sera)
D. False negative Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Negative with anti-D sera) --> correct
answer

From others: The purpose of AHG purpose is...

A. Detect sensitized RBCs only
B. Detects immunoglobulins present on surface of RBCs and in the serum (correct answer)
C. and D. Forgotten

From others: There's an image like this seen in CSF. What is the probable cause of this finding?

A. Viral Infection
B. Previous Hemorrhage (correct answer)
C. Myesthenia Gravis
D. Multiple Sclerosis

From others: Anemia of a severe burn patient is caused by?

A. Hemolysis (correct answer)
B. Increased plasma volume
C and D, forgotten

From others: What is the test of choice to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) in babies?
A. PCR
B. Antibody Studies (correct answer)
C. Cell Culture

From others: What is the purpose of adding indicator D+ red cells in Rosette Test?
Answer: The indicator red cells will form agglutinates (rosettes) with the fetal D-positive
redcells.

Take note that not all of my answers are correct, so try to correct me if I am/we are wrong...
Thank you! =)

ASCPi Questions:

1. What is the metabolite of cocaine?

Answer: Benzoylecgonine

2. Action of caffeine benzoate in bilirubin determination?

Answer: Accelerator

3. Bacteria present after jaw surgery?

2 answers (dont know the best answer) Veilonella and Peptostreptococcus
--> Just in case it appears in the question, Veilonella is an anaerobic GRAM NEGATIVE
COCCI and Peptostreptococcus is an anaerobic GRAM POSITIVE COCCI.

4. Ingestion of moth balls results to what kind of erythrocyte inclusion?

Answer: Heinz bodies

5. The binding site of an antibody contains?

Answer: 1 light chain and 1 heavy chain

6. Picture of Alternaria (imagine Dumbledores Elder Wand):

7. Question about how to diagnose Fragile X Syndrome [genetic syndrome that is the most
common known single-gene cause of autism and the most common inherited cause of intellectual
disability] (molecular diagnostics)
Answer: Southern Blot

8. Picture of bilirubin crystals

Answer: Liver disease

9. Description of a fungi without any rhizoids

Answer: Mucor (Rhizopus = with 1 rhizoid, Absidia = Sporangiophores arising between
rhizoids and not opposite them). This question did not flash any picture during the exam.

10. LDH is so high, it was first diluted in 1:20, then 2nd dilution was done by getting 2 mL of 1st
dilution, diluted in 3 mL of water. Final conc. is 120 U/L. What is the corrected concentration?
Answer: First dilution = 1:20.
2nd dilution = 2 mL/(2 mL + 3mL) = 2/5.
Combined Dilution = 1/20 x 2/5 = 1:50.
Actual concentration = 120 x 50 = 6000 U/L

11. What FANA test is a specific test that uses this?

Answer: SLE (Crithidia lucillae specific for SLE, has dsDNA).

12. May binigay na data: Sa first column, Increasing concentration, sa last column, increasing
absorbance. Ano daw yung piipiliing tama (if I can recall)? - Answer ko: yung may
pinakamalaking value.

13. A cryoPPT was pooled at 8 AM, when will it expire?

Answer: 12 NN (4 hours ang expiration).

14. D+ ang patient, pero nag-form siya ng anti-D. Ano daw meron dun?
A. Quantifiable Weak D
B. Partial D (eto sagot ko)
C. Weak D blah blah

D. Du (superscript)

15. Meron ding tinanong about INTERlaboratory QC

- Sagot ko: Ipatest sa ibang lab. Huwag ninyong isagot yung choice na isang specimen,
maraming test or itago yung test for future use (INTRALAB kasi ito)

16. May oxidase NEGATIVE na partially or non-lactose fermenting daw sa MacConkey na

responsable daw sa antibiotic resistant infection.
A. Pseudomonas
B. E. coli
C. Neisseria
D. Acinetobacter (correct answer)

17. How do you differentiate Morganella from Providencia?

A. Urease
B. Motility
C. Citrate and Gas Production (ODC sa ibang kumuha) --> Sagot ko/namin
D. PAD (Hindi ito pwede because PAD is positive for your PPM: Proteus, Providencia and
Morganella)

18. TIBC is a measure of?

Answer: Iron bound to Transferrin

19. Kapag may nakita kang Eosinophils, isasama mo ba yon sa LAP Score?
Answer: HINDI

20. CD4 cells are

Answer: INDUCER (CD8 is CYTOTOXIC)

21. Disease associated with pseudo-Pelger Huet?

- Answer: Myeloproliferative disorders

22. In a 50 cell differential with WBC count of 0.5 X 10 to the 3rd power, the technologist noted
88 nucleated RBCs. What is the corrected WBC count?
Answer: (WBC Count x 50) /( n-RBCs + 50)

23. Which of the following cell reacts LEAST with anti-H?

a. O
b. A1 (sagot)
c. A2
d. A3

24. Normal ang value ng Total CK, pero ang Troponin, abnormal, ano daw sakit?
A. Angina (pwede din ito, but choose the best answer)
B. AMI (Eto sagot ko)
C. Something may heart din ang tinuro
D. Nakalimutan ko.

25. Chronic Hepatitis (autoimmune)

- Answer: anti-smooth muscle antibody

26. Picture of a teardrop cell

Answer: Myelofibrosis

27. A doctor requested for a cryoprecipitate AHF. Thawed at 10 AM, POOLED at 11:30 AM.
Noong 2 PM, the patient is scheduled for X-Ray or surgery that will be finished at 2 hours. Can
the cryoprecipitate still be issued?
Answer: HINDI NA. 4 hours lang ang pwede itagal nun. 11:30 AM --> expires at 3:30 PM.
Matatapos ang X-Ray/surgery ng 4 PM. =)

28. Responsible for parasitic infection acquired from CONTACT LENSES?

Answer: Acanthamoeba

29. May tinanong sa UNFRACTIONATED Heparin Therapy, pero still, normal daw ang APTT.
Ano daw ang next na gagawin?
- I answered: ANTITHROMBIN.
Other choices include: Factor VIII, nakalimutan ko yung 2.

30. High lipase, and amylase cause serum to be what? Viscous, lipemic, hemolyzed?

- not sure about the answer, but I answered lipemic

Version of others: High lipase results tapos yung iba normal naman ano ang itsura ng plasma- not
sure but answer ko is lipemic

31. Serum amylase can be normal if

Answer: specimen is lipemic

32. May nanay na O-, pero may anak na O+ na nagkaroon ng hemolytic anemia, bilirubinemia,
etc. Kaninong dugo daw pwede i-donate for exchange transfusion?
A. Tatay
B. Nanay
C. Rh null blood
D. Group O negative (correct answer)

33. Definition of oliguria:

A. Coffee Intake (Hindi pwede ito dahil diuretic ang kape dahil sa caffeine. Ihi ka nang ihi kapag
uminom ka.)
B. Diabetes Insipidus (high urine output, so mali ito)
C. Compulsory high water intake (aba syempre, ihi ka nang ihi kapag inom ka nang inom ng
tubig, so mali din ito)
D. Nakalimutan ko yung choice (eto sagot ko)

34. Apheresis is equal to how many random platelet donor units?

- Answer: 6-8 units (Harmening)

35. BUN urease method actually measures

A. Nitroprusside
B. NAD [eto sagot ko (remember urease converts your urea into ammonium. In turn,
ammonium plus glutamate plus NAD is reacted with glutamate dehydrogenase to produce
oxoglutarate, ammonia and NADH. The change in NAD to NADH is measured
SPECTROPHOTOMETRICALLY)]. =)
C. H2O2

36. May 4 sets of mean and SD, ang tanong daw is sino daw yung most precise sa 4 na iyon?
- Answer: The value with the lowest coefficient of variation (CV = SD/Mean x 100)

37. Anong specimen daw ang kailangang busisiin kung resistant sa GENTAMICIN? Answer: Enterococcus.

38. Tinanong din kung ano ang mga kailangan sa PCR:

- Answer: Primer, DNA Template, Deoxyribonucleotide Bases, Thermostable DNA
Polymerase (or Taq Polymerase), PCR Buffer (such as magnesium chloride), Thermal
Cycler (machine) and Controls for PCR

39. Description ng morphology ng ACTINOMYCES.

- Answer: Thin walled, BRANCHING, filamentous, non-spore forming Gram positive
bacilli

40. May tinanong din na binigyan ka ng set of results:

May percentage ang bawat isa dito:

Metamyelocyte
Stabs
Promyelocyte
Myelocyte
Neutrophils = 40%

- Since medyo halos lahat lumabas na immature and mature forms of WBC, I answered CML (I
forgot the other choices)...

41. Fetal lung maturity can be assessed using which of the following amniotic fluid assays?
A. Acetylcholinesterase
B. AFP this is the test if ang bata ay may Down Syndrome, so mali
C. Foam stability index (answer) in the exam, my answer was phosphatidyl glycerol
which is also correct.
D. OD450 this is a test for HDN, so hindi pwede ito.

42. Counting of sperm cells is done

Answer: AFTER liquefaction

43. Which of the following is used to measure TOTAL IgE?

- Answer: RIST [take note that there are examinees na ang tinanong is naman is specific IgE
(sagot diyaan ay RAST)]

44. A group O individual has which of the following sets of isoagglutinins?

 Answer: Anti-A, Anti-B and Anti-A,B

45. Virulence factors of N. gonorrhoea?

Answer: Pili, endotoxin and capsule

46. Patients with cystic fibrosis are usually tested of which of the following bacteria?
Answer: Either: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus or Burkholderia cepacia

47. Specimen for blood gas analysis should be...

- Answer: In heparinized syringe with needle on a rubber stopper

48. What is the first step in the photometric procedure to determine iron concentration:
- Answer: Acidification (remember the steps of ARC = Acidify, Reducing Agent, Color
Agent)

49. There is a band anodal to albumin in CSF electrophoresis. This should be reported as
- Answer: NORMAL (PRE-ALBUMIN is normally present in CSF)

50. Coronary infarction, muscle spasms and sudden death can be associated with the decrease of
which of the following electrolytes
- Answer: MAGNESIUM.

51. Mature and immature blood cells are best differentiated from each other using which of the
following parameters
Answer: CHROMATIN CLUMPING.

52. The presence of lyse-resistant RBC can affect which of the following parameters in electrical
impedance?
Answer: WBC COUNT.

53. Which of the following is increased in alpha thalassemia?

Answer: Barts hemoglobin (4 chain deletions) and HbH (3 chain deletions)

54. Principle behind when a light hits something and emits a more powerful/larger
wavelength/energy.
- Answer: FLUOROMETRY / FLUORESCENCE.

55. Meron ka daw control specimen (ATCC) ng Streptococcus agalactiae and you have
Staphylococcus aureus, pero negative sa CAMP test. Ano daw susunod mong gagawin para
malaman mo kung totoo ngang Streptococcus agalactiae ang control mo?
- Answer: Reverse CAMP test with Clostridium perfringens (eto sagot ko since if talagang
Streptococcus agalactiae siya, mag-go-grow ang C. perfringens [arrow zone of hemolysis]).

56. Ano daw ang makakapagpababa sa HbA1c?

Sagot: Hemolysis (Hemolytic anemia)

57. Bacteria that is lysostaphin resistant (remember the lysostaphin = lyse the staph)?
- Answer: Micrococcus.

58. May urinalysis report, pero merong oval fat bodies and fatty casts
Sagot: NEPHROTIC SYNDROME.

59. Kapag may nakita kang 3 lactose fermenters na gram negative bacilli, possible Enterococci
and Staphylococcus sa stool, ano daw gagawin mo?
A. Identify the 3 gram neg bacilli
B. Issue mo lang daw yung Enterococci and Staph
C. Nakalimutan ko
D. Report as normal flora (nakalimutan ko, eto ata sagot ko)

60. Lab Management Question: Kung sakaling papalitan ang resulta na na-release na, ano ang
gagawin mo?
A. Keep a record of the logbook
B. Palitan daw yung nasa record, etc.
C. Place the time, date and kung sino ang gumawa ng change of results (sagot ko).

61. May lumabas na QC chart. It shows trend (6 consecutive points in a graph rising). Trend
means the reagents have been deteriorated, so ang sagot ko sa choice is:
- OPEN A REAGENT WITH A NEW LOT NUMBER.

62. May lumabas describing a slide in microscopic view na sa end side, concentrated ang
granulocytes (LPO), sa HPO, even ang red ang RBC, dark blue to purple ang WBC. Ano daw
ang discrepancy dito?
- Sagot ko is yung sa end side, concentrated ang granulocytes (I think bawal yun kasi dapat
evenly distributed?)
- If there is a choice na DELAY/TOO SLOW IN BLOOD SPREADING, answer this. This
is the real reason (correct answer)

Version ng kumuha aside from me: dinescribe ang wedge smear: sabi yung smear is 60% yung
area na nasasakop sa slide, smooth end, RBC parang pale pink ata ang color tapos yung
granulocytes eh magkakadikit sa tail end ng smear. Ano daw mali dun. Sagot ko: yung WBC,
kasi magkakadikit sila sa tail end eh diba dapat hiwahiwalay sila dun kasi nasa tail sila.

63. Lab Management (and rather somehow, Histopath) Question: Kanino daw pwede i-release
ang resulta?
A. Esposo ng pasyente
B. Sa mga tauhan sa hospital.
C.. Patient undergoing the examination.
D. Dentist who is attending the patient (eto sagot ko).

64. Recall your MCV, MCH and MCHC calculations

65. Review the function of a monochromator

66. Antibodies in rubella infection:

- Answer: IgM and IgG

Other version:
66. Detection of immune rubella antibodies is done by?
A. Detecting IgG
B. Detecting IgG and IgM
C. Detecting IgM
D. Detecting IgG at 2 weeks interval (correct answer)

67. Differentiating test for Citrobacter and Salmonella?

- Answer: Lysine Decarboxylase and ONPG

68. Heparin acts by

Answer: inhibiting activated Factor II

69. React with phenol at pH 9.5?

- Answer: Alkaline Phosphatase (Pagets Disease)

70. In hemolytic anemia, what is expected?

- Answer: Low haptoglobin

71. In intrinsic hemolysis, hemoglobin in urine will appear only when?

- Answer: Haptogobin is depleted

72. Antibody Panel Screening:

- Answer: Anti-E + and Anti-Jka

73. Antibody Panel Screening:

- Answer: Anti-K

74. Another Antibody Panel Screening

75. How do you find compatible units if a patient with anti-JKa and anti-K needs 5 units, given
frequencies of those with JKa and K Ag?
- Answer: Units needed / (product of frequencies of those NEGATIVE to the antigens)
- Say for example, ang frequency ng Jka+ sa population is 75%, you will require those who are
NEGATIVE by SUBTRACTING it to the total population which is 100%, so ang frequency ng
Jka- is 25%)

76. What enzyme has p-nitrophenylphosphate as its substrate, reacts best at pH 9.6, and is
increased in Pagets disease?
- Answer: Alkaline Phosphatase

77. Electrolyte that is a co-factor for 300 enzymes

Answer: Magnesium or Zinc

78. Mucin clot test uses what?

- Answer: Acetic Acid

79. Low iron, low TIBC, normal ferritin (iron stores)

Answer: Anemia of Chronic Disorder

80. A patient with blood glucose of 100 mg/dL. In urinalysis, it yielded positive result in urine
strip glucose. This indicates
Answer: Renal Glucosuria (normal ang blood glucose. If high ang blood glucose, answer
DM).

81. Portwine urine color

Answer: Porphyrin

82. Picture of spherocytes

Answer ko: Mild anemia

83. A patients blood reveals a band in the A-S region in Hemoglobin electrophoresis. But the
patient is negative for sickling test. The patient has what?
A. Sicke cell trait
B. Alpha thalassemia
C. Hemoglobin D trait (correct answer)
D. Hemoglobin S variant.
- The patient here has Hemoglobin D trait. The patient cannot have sickle cell trait nor Hgb S
variant because of the negative sickling test. Any patient that has HbS, either homozygous
(Sickle cell disease) or heterozygous (sickle cell trait) should be POSITIVE for sickling test.
Among the choices, the most probable is HbD trait because of the fact that HbS and Hgb D
migrate together in electrophoresis including Hgb G.

84. TSI of Klebsiella oxytoca and pneumonia: Mucoid colony grew in MacConkey medium. TSI
reaction shown. Sulfide (+). Klebsiella pneumoniae or oxytoca?

85. Rotavirus is best detected using:

-Answer: IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY / ELISA

Other Version: Stool was submitted to test for Rotavirus, then tested for enzyme immunoassay.
Positive in EIA. What will be done next? Confirm using IMMUNOELECTRON
MICROSCOPY (remember, EIA is for SCREENING only).

86. Rhogam questions

87. I forgot the question (a urinalysis result), but the choices are: Recheck the pH
A. Request another specimen
B. Do ACETEST
C. Blah Blah
- Answer ko: request another specimen... (not sure)

88. What lab value is in questionable with respect to other lab findings:
BUN=high (di ko maalala actual value)
glucose=high
Crea=high
Na, K= normal
osmolarity= 300? (basta nasa NV sya binigay nila NV)

A. BUN
B. Crea.
C. Osmolarity (eto sagot kasi ang COMPUTED osmolarity is 376 eh ang laki ng gap)

89. A technologist reading a PBS saw many creneted Red cells and bizarre forms of monocyte
and platelet. The technologist made another smear but got the same results. What could be the
cause?
A. Blood left standing for 8 hours
B. Vigorous mixing
C. Hemolysed specimen
D. Use of OLDER/INCORRECT/EXPIRED Anticoagulant such as oxalate (correct answer)

Version ng iba: Smear shows many RBC crenated cells, bizarre forms of monocytes, vacuole
containing granulocytes. The MT made another smear but got the same results. What could be
the cause?
A. Blood left standing for 8 hrs
B. Vigorous mixing
C. Use of OLDER/INCORRECT/EXPIRED Anticoagulant such as oxalate (correct answer)

Other form of this question: Crenated, vacuolated granulocytes, bizarre lymph and mono suggest
what abnormalty?

From others: Intravascular hemolysis ano ang findings sa plasma?

- Decrease plasma haptoglobin

From others: Her2/neu is a test for?

- BREAST CANCER

From others: Hgb is 9.5g/dL; MCV= 102, stomatocytes and target cells are present. This result
can be seen in?
Answer ko: Folic acid with liver disease (not sure)

From others: Please research about BRANCHING DNA. May lumabas na ganyan eh and I cant
remember the choices

From others: Given the results, choose the one that indicates hyperosmolar coma Answer:
1. Plasma glucose values exceeding 1,000 mg/dL (55 mmol/L) --> there will be an
overproduction of glucose and an impaired glucose renal excretion,
2. Normal or elevated plasma sodium and potassium,
3. Slightly decreased bicarbonate,
4. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine,
5. And an ELEVATED OSMOLALITY (greater than 320 mOsm/dL).
6. Ketones are ABSENT in this type of condition.

From others: Obstructive liver disease = ALP

From others: Enzyme correlates with ALP = GGT

From others: Phenylalanine deaminase - Providencia, Proteus, Morganella (yung nasa exam ata
PPM is given pati Serratia tas tinatanong kung ano ang negative sa Phenylalanine na test so ang
sagot is Serratia)

From others: Increased platelets, splenomegaly and bleeding is seen in what condition? Answer:
Essential Thrombocytosis/Thrombocythemia

From others: What is the analytical method used to measure HER2/neu? Answer:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) or Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH)

From others: Branched-chain DNA assay employs the principle:

A. Target Amplification
B. Probe Amplification
C. Signal Amplification (correct answer)
D. Unbranched probe DNA amplification
Rationale: Amplification procedures include nucleic acid amplification such as he polymerase
chain reaction, nucleic acidbased sequence amplification, transcription-mediated amplification,
strand displacement amplification, probe amplification such as ligase chain reaction, and signal
amplification such as branched-chain DNA assay.

Ano daw ang dapat gawin kung may send-out?

Sagot ko: Check yung ginamit nilang test and check 'yung established nilang values

From others: Infection from eating raw oysters is caused by:

Answer: Vibrio vulnificus

Picture of Geotrichum (Para siyang Bacillus anthracis):

From others: This solution is used to effectively reduce/decontaminate nucleic acid from PCR?
A. 90% isopropanolol
B. 10% formalin
C. Ethidium Bromide
D. 10% Sodium Hypochlorite (correct answer)

From others: Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) will be most useful for the following:
A. Enterovirus
B. Epstein-Barr Virus (correct answer)
C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D. Cryptocococus

From others: The mother is D-negative, the baby is D-positive. The baby suffered severe HDFN
and jaundice. The mother has a high titer of anti-D. What test will be most affected by this
scenario?
A. False negative DAT
B. False negative with anti-D sera (correct answer)
C. False positive with anti-D sera
D. False positive DAT

Other version: A mother has a high titer of anti-D and the baby has severe jaundice. The red cells
have already been coated. What would result?
A. False positive DAT
B. False negative DAT
C. False positive Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Positive with anti-D sera)
D. False negative Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Negative with anti-D sera) --> correct
answer

From others: The purpose of AHG purpose is...

A. Detect sensitized RBCs only
B. Detects immunoglobulins present on surface of RBCs and in the serum (correct answer)
C. and D. Forgotten

From others: There's an image like this seen in CSF. What is the probable cause of this finding?

A. Viral Infection
B. Previous Hemorrhage (correct answer)
C. Myesthenia Gravis
D. Multiple Sclerosis

From others: Anemia of a severe burn patient is caused by?

A. Hemolysis (correct answer)
B. Increased plasma volume
C and D, forgotten

From others: What is the test of choice to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) in babies?
A. PCR
B. Antibody Studies (correct answer)
C. Cell Culture

From others: What is the purpose of adding indicator D+ red cells in Rosette Test?
Answer: The indicator red cells will form agglutinates (rosettes) with the fetal D-positive
redcells

o Zygomycetes: Mucor, absidia, rhizopus

o CV calculation
o Altenaria
o Dilution
o Ab panel (mga 2-3 questions)
o Haptoglobin
o Heinz bodies
o Bichemical Reactions (discrepancy sa reaction)
o Corrected WBC count
o IFA-ANA patterns & associated disease
o RBC morphology (esp teardrop cells, spherocytes)
o IDA
o Acanthamoeba
o Oliguria
o Osmolality
o Sperm count
o Specimen requirement for blood gas analysis
o Alkaline phosphatase
o Bilirubin crystal
o Nephrotic syndrome
o SLE
o Leukemia

May lumabas daw kanina, what is the test of choice to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) in babies?
A. PCR
B. Antibody Studies
C. Cell Culture
The answer here is antibody studies. CMV is included in your TORCH(s) Panel: A serologic
screen for diagnosing prenatal infection. TORCH(s) stands for TOxoplasma, Rubella, CMV,
Herpes-Simplex Virus and the optional syphilis which causes infection in utero. CMV is detected
through various IgG antibody detection such as ELISA, complement fixation, etc. CORD
BLOOD is used as a sample for diagnosis
A recall from a taker from the previous batch: A mother has a high titer of anti-D and the baby has severe
jaundice. The red cells have already been coated. What would result?
A. False positive DAT
B. False negative DAT
C. False positive Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Positive with anti-D sera)
D. False negative Rh typing (or sabi nila, False Negative with anti-D sera)
The answer here (I think) is letter D. "The D type on cord blood may be falsely negative if the
cells are heavily coated with anti-D (blocked D). A positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT), using
anti-IgG only, indicates IgG antibody is coating the infants red cells, but does not indicate the
cause (I think true DAT positive talaga siya, not false positive DAT?)

Recall question: May ipe-present na values on glucose, BUN, electrolytes, etc. (together with normal values).
Which among them presents hyperosmolar coma?
Nakalimutan ang choices, but hyperosmolar coma presents:
1. Plasma glucose values exceeding 1,000 mg/dL (55 mmol/L) --> there will be an overproduction
of glucose and an impaired glucose renal excretion,
2. Normal or elevated plasma sodium and potassium,
3. Slightly decreased bicarbonate,
4. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine,
5. And an ELEVATED OSMOLALITY (greater than 320 mOsm/dL).
6. Ketones are ABSENT in this type of condition.
Recall question from a taker from the previous batch: Anemia of a severe burn patient is caused by?
A. Hemolysis
B. Increased plasma volume
She forgot the other choices.

The answer here is hemolysis/hemolytic anemia

"Patients with extensive burns manifest similar RBC injury with acute hemolytic anemia."