High School (Lycee)

1stBac M.Sc

AbidarLghifari

English option

Reference Functions
x f (x) a x b

a0

a0

2nd case :

A fct

is lower-bounded if:

m x D f

m f x

A fct

is upper-bounded if:

M x Df

f x M

If

is upper-bounded and lower-bounded then

M m x D f

The representative curve of the affine function defined by

Means :

f x ax b is the straight line which equation is y ax b

In an other form:

1st case :

f ( x ) a x 2 bx c

The trinomial function:

a0

NB :

bc 0

If

f ( x) a x 2

then

x D

f ( x)

1st case :

a b
c d

2nd case :

a b
c d

If

If

NB : If

a d 0 and c 1

then

and

Ox and Oy

x f ( x) a x3
2nd case : a 0

The monomial function:

a0

f ( x)

x I

f (a ) f ( x)

are increasing on an interval

f g is also increasing on

and

function

f ( x ) bx and cd ac 0

the center is O 0;0 and asymptotes are the 2 axis

1st case :

f.

f.

Monotonicity and Operations on functions

function

f ( x) f (a )

then f a is a relative (local) minimum of

The graph of this fct is called an hyperbola: its center is the pt

cd ; ac and its asymptotes are the lines y ac and x cd

f (a )

x I

f (a )

If I D f is an interval and

a xb
c xd

f (x)

x D

if:

The vertex is O 0;0 and the symmetry axis is the y-axis.

The homographic function:

f x

The image f a is an absolute (global) minimum of f

b 0
2a

and

then f a is a relative (local) maximum of

The graph of this fct is called a parabola: its vertex is the pt

2 ab ; f 2 ab and its symmetry axis is the line x 2 ab

m f x M

0 x D f

If I D f is an interval and

is bounded.

The image f a is an absolute (global) maximum of f

if :

Extrema of function (Maximum Minimum)

a0

2nd case :

BENZINE

Bounded bellow Bounded above - Bounded functions

The affine function:

1st case :

Pr: Hammou

Mappings and Functions (4)

then the

are decreasing on an interval

f g is also decreasing on

then the

and a monotonic function f on an interval I :

The fcts f and f have the same monotonicity on I

Given

0 then f and f have the same monotonicity on I

If 0 then f and f have opposite monotonicity on I
If

Monotonicity and Composition of functions

increasing (decreasing) on

f I J
g f increasing on I
g increasing (decreasing) on J

f increasing (decreasing) on I

g f decreasing on I
f I J
g decreasing (increasing) on J

The irrational function:

f ( x)

This function is strictly increasing over

Periodic function

xa

D f a ,

A real function

x T Df

f ( x T ) f ( x)
periodic if :
The real number T is called a period of the periodic fct f .

is said to be

Weve also:
The floor function:

E x n

This function is :
Constant by intervals
Increasing on D f
Not strictly increasing.

f (x) E (x) x

and n x n 1

T 0 x Df

x D k

f ( x kT ) f ( x)

The fcts sin and cos are periodic with period 2

The function tan is periodic with period .

Exercise 15 : 1) Study monotonicity of the fct g defined by :

g x 85 x 3 7 x 3 x 5
2) Check the periodicity of the following functions :

f ( x) cos(5 x)

g ( x) sin( 73 x)

F ( x) E ( x) x

h( x) tan( 53 x)

G ( x ) 3 x E (3 x )