Monograph PDF

EU - SPF
ALTERPLAN
Quezon City
Marikina City
LOCAL GOVERNMENT BARANGAY LEVEL

MONITORING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT:
MEASURING GOAL 7 TARGET 11 OF THE
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
PROJECT AND STUDY RESULTS
Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA
Arch. Sarah D. Redoblado
LOCAL GOVERNMENT BARANGAY LEVEL

MONITORING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT:
MEASURING TARGET 11 OF THE
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
BARANGAY MONITORING
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL 7:11
PROJECT TEAM
Project Director
Project Coordinator
Research Team
Rose Marinette B. Gozum (Team Leader)
Glenda B. Caspillo
Lyndon Eric M. Serrano
Jonil B. Aonuevo
MIS-GIS Team
Herbert T. Narisma (Team Leader)
Alfredo B. Guab, Jr. II
Etienne Cote
Debie Magalong-Ramos
Editorial and Lay-out Team
Joy Cabrillos
Jonil B. Aonuevo
Administrative Support Staff
Marilyn Paz
Veronica Serrano
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
To the LGUs of Quezon City headed by Mayor Feliciano Belmonte, and Marikina City headed by Mayor Ma. Lourdes C.
Fernando, for showing true partnership and transparency throughout the project;
Bgy. Holy Spirit led by Bgy. Capt. Felicito Valmocina, Bgy. Baesa led by Bgy. Capt. Bayani Aquino, Bgy. Fortune led by Bgy.
Capt. Willie Perez and Bgy. Marikina Heights led by Bgy. Capt. Raul Taytayan, for opening up their communities to the project;
Fem Honorio and Imelda Biron for their contributions to the project;
And the EC delegation in the Philippines, especially Virginie LaFleur Tighe, Maria Sindico, Thelma Gecolea, Frank Hess, and
Ambassadors Jan de Kok and Alistair MacDonald for being so accessible and supportive.
PUBLISHED BY
Alternative Planning Initiatives (ALTERPLAN)
Room 307 Bencom Building, 146 West Avenue
Quezon City, Philippines 1104
63 2 9269082 / 63 2 4487287
www.alterplan.org.ph
May 2007
Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF CHARTS
LIST OF ACRONYMS
INTRODUCTION
PART 1
Survey Design and Process

Pilot Cities and Barangays: Computation and Allocation of Sample Size
Random Sampling and Proportional Allocation
8
8
8
PART 2
SURVEY RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS: THE 2007 BASELINE

DATA ON THE MDG 7:11
Global Standards and Locally Relevant Indicators
Barangay Profiles on the Indicators
Marikina City - Barangay Fortune
Marikina City - Barangay Marikina Heights
Quezon City - Barangay Baesa
Quezon City - Barangay Holy Spirit
Indicators by Gender Disaggregated Data
Barangay Fortune
Barangay Marikina Heights
Barangay Baesa
Barangay Holy Spirit
Measuring the Indicators: Components and Global Standards
Geographic Information Systems
10
10
10
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
27
PART 3
Local Planning and Sustainability of MDG Monitoring

Local Planning Exercise on the 2007 Baseline Data
Mandates and Rationalized Planning on the MDGs
Local Plan Components on MDG 7:11
Sustainability of the Action
Political Will
Multi-sectoral Support
29
29
29
29
30
30
31
PART 4
Summary and Conclusions

Localization of Global Commitment to the MDGs
Governance Qualities and Best Practices for the MDGs
Local Indicators
Survey Research Design, Framework, Methodology, Results
Contribution to Localization Process and Methodology
Replication and Sustainability
32
32
32
33
33
33
33
Speeches of the Partners at the Project Culminating Activity
34
Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007
List of Tables
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4.1
Table 4.2
Table 4.3
Table 5
Table 6
Table 7.1
Table 7.2
Table 7.3
Table 7.4
Table 8.1
Table 8.2
Table 9.1
Table 9.2
Table10.1
Table 10.2
Table 11.1
Table 11.2
Table 12.1
Table 12.2
Table 13.1
Table 13.2
Table 14
Table 15
Marikina Sampling Size

Quezon City Sampling Size
Sampling Profile
Barangay Profiles on MDG 7:11 Indicators
Barangay Profiles on Access to Other Services
Barangay Profiles on Access to Specific Services
Number and Proportion of Female-Headed Households and Male-Head Households to Total
Respondents
Gender Segregated Household Data: Summary by Indicators and Proportion to Total
Respondents
Proportion among Female Headed and Male Headed Households by Indicators Barangay
Fortune
Marikina Heights
Baesa
Holy Spirit
Access to Water
Access to Water: Components and Global Standards
Access to Sanitation
Access to Sanitation Components
Security of Tenure
Security of Tenure Components
Durability of Housing
Durability of Housing Components
Sufficient Living Space
Sufficient Living Space Components
Environmental Management
Environmental Management Components
Perceived Priority Problems Ranking
Targets of Local Planning: Percentages of Households Inadequate on the Indicator
List of Figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Operational Framework for Partnerships in Local Level Monitoring and Planning on MDGs:
Goal 7 (environmental sustainability) Target 11 (improvement in the lives of slum dwellers)
Implementing Steps for Project Partners in Localizing and Monitoring MDGs (Goal 7
environmental sustainability Target 11 improvement in the lives of slum dwellers)
Geographic Map on the Indicator Security of Tenure in Fortune, Marikina City
Geographic Map on the Indicator Security of Tenure in Marikina Heights, Marikina City
Geographic Map on the Indicator Security of Tenure in Baesa, Quezon City
Geographic Map on the Indicator Security of Tenure in Holy Spirit for Quezon City
List of Charts
Chart 1
Chart 2
Chart 3
Chart 4
Chart 5
Chart 6
Chart 7
Chart 8
Chart 9
Chart 10
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Fortune
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Marikina Heights
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Baesa
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Holy Spirit
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Fortune (Gender-segregated)
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Marikina Heights (Gender-segregated)
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Baesa (Gender-segregated)
Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Holy Spirit (Gender-segregated)
Perceived Problems Marikina City
Perceived Priority Problems Quezon City
List of Acronyms
LGU
Local Government Unit
MDGs
Millennium Development Goals
MDG 7:11
Millennium Development Goal 7 (Ensure Environmental Sustainability) Target 11

(Improvement in the lives of slum dwellers)
MIS
Management Information System
GIS
Geographic Information System
ALTERPLAN
Alternative Planning Initiatives, Inc.
EU
European Union
NGOs
Non Governmental Organizations
DILG
Department of Interior and Local Government
TCT
Transfer Certificate of Title
CA
Community Association
CMP
Community Mortgage Program
INTRODUCTION
PHILIPPINE COMMITMENT TO THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (MDGs)
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are the articulations of eight major goals with
corresponding targets and indicators to measure poverty eradication and sustainable development. The
MDGs pursue the Millennium Declaration signed by member states at the United Nations Millennium
Summit in 2000. Localizing the MDGs in UN member states is a major undertaking of the UN Commission
on Human Settlements - UN Habitat.
Since the Philippines is a signatory to this global
Localization of the MDGs is vital to
document, the localization of the MDGs helps in actualizing the
measuring the targets and indicators at the
countrys commitment and in attaining national progress on
ground level, and tracking these at the
areas of human development. As in other countries, monitoring
national and global levels.
the MDGs in the Philippines, starting at the local level and
aggregating at the national level, will enable the global community to track its progress and achievements
by year 2020.
MULTI - SECTORAL ACTION AND MDG 7:11 MONITORING
Responding to the global strategy of the multi - sectoral action for realizing the MDGs in the
Philippines, partners ALTERPLAN and the Delegation of the European Commission to the Philippines
launched in July 2006 the project Local Government Barangay Level Monitoring System Development
Measuring Goal 7 Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals. It pursues the localization and
monitoring of the MDGs, specifically Goal 7 (Ensure environmental sustainability) and Target 11 (Achieve
significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020). This is referred to as
MDG 7:11 (identified as Target 12 in the Philippine plan and progress report on the MDGs, NEDA 2003,
2005).
This project on the barangay level monitoring
The partners responded to the MDGs global
system on MDG 7:11 is referred to as the ACTION of the
strategy of multi-sectoral action to localize and
principal partners, the ALTERPLAN and the EC
monitor Goal 7 environmental sustainability,
Target 11 achieve significant improvement in
Delegation to the Philippines - Small Projects Facility. The
the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by
project implementer, ALTERPLAN is a non-government
2020.
organization (NGO) committed to working with community
organizations and other non-profit groups in upgrading
housing provision and neighborhood amenities, examining resettlements, planning and attaining land
tenure. The Delegation of the European Commission to the Philippines supported the undertaking.
Partners in implementation are the Foundation for Integrative and Development Studies with the
cooperation of the UP Center for Integrative and Development Studies for the research, and the local
government units of Marikina City, for the project sites of Barangay Fortune and Barangay Marikina
Heights, and Quezon City, for the project sites of Barangay Baesa and Barangay Holy Spirit. The local
government units have expressed commitment to sustain the MDG 7:11 monitoring system for local
planning.
THE MDGs and MDG 7:11
The MDGs have become the internationally accepted global development framework. Eight goals
are quantifiable on the basis of targets and measurable indicators. 1
United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), Guide to Monitoring Target 11 Improving the lives of 100
million slum dwellers, Progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, UN Habitat Global Observatory, Nairobi, May 2003.
UN-HABITAT, Localising the Millennium Development Goals A guide for local authorities and partners, UN Habitat United
Nations Human Development Programme, Nairobi, May 2006.
UN Habitat, Localising the Millennium Development Goals, UN Habitat Urban Development Branch, Nairobi, May 2006.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme, Social Production of Habitat and the Millennium Development Goals
(MDG), A Tool to Raise Awareness on the Indicators of the Millennium Development Goals and to Promote Debate on Social
Production of Habitat and Local Development, June 2006.
Goals
Goal 1
Goal 2
Goal 3
Goal 4
Goal 5
Goal 6
Goal 7
Goal 8
Eradicate extreme
poverty and hunger
Achieve universal
primary education
Promote gender
equality and
empower women
Reduce child
mortality
Improve maternal
health
Combat HIV/AIDS,
malaria and other
diseases
Ensure
environmental
sustainability
Develop a global
partnership for
development
Targets
Target 1 - Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a
dollar a day
Target 2 - Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
Target 3 - Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary
schooling
Target 4 - Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education
preferably by 2005 and at all levels by 2015
Target 5 - Reduce by 2/3 the mortality rate among children under 5
Target 6 - Reduce by the maternal mortality ratio
Target 7 - Halt and begin to reverse the spread of AIDS
Target 8 - Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other
major diseases
Target 9 - Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country
policies and programs; reverse the loss of environmental resources
Target 10 - Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable
access to safe drinking water
Target 11 - Achieve significant improvement in the lives of at least 100
million slum dwellers by 2020
Target 12 Develop further an open trading and financial system that is
rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory, includes a commitment to good
governance, development and poverty reduction nationally and
internationally
Target 13 - Address the least developed countries special needs. This
includes tariff- and quota-free access for their exports; enhanced debt relief
for heavily indebted poor countries; cancellation of official bilateral debt and
more generous official development assistance for countries committed to
poverty reduction.
There are five global dimensions for MDG 7:11, namely: access to water, access to sanitation,
security of tenure, durability of housing, and housing space. Indicators with specific measures or standards
are assigned to each of these dimensions for quantification such that data across countries can be
comparable on a common framework of analysis.
LOCALIZATION OF THE MDGs: FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY
The UN Habitats framework, methodology, and literature on MDG localization and monitoring -including experiences in other countries -- initially guided the formulation of the project design and the
construction of the survey instrument. The pre-tests and local setting contributed to the formulation of the
operational framework for the partnership and local process as shown in Figure 1.
The Action, as implemented, followed the stages shown in Figure 2, which are:
Stage 1: Engaging local government political will and partnerships
Stage 2: Capacity building of LGU human resources for MDG monitoring and local
planning; capacity building for the LGU Management Information System and Geographic
Information System
Stage 3: MDG Monitoring by Field Survey
Stage 4: Installation of software and hardware for the LGU MIS and GIS
Stage 5: Local planning and sustainability of MDG Monitoring
Localization refers to the processes at national and local levels by which the global goals, targets,
indicators and measures are accepted as locally relevant, as well as the formulation of additional locally
relevant indicators and measures. In this project, the selection of locally relevant indicators is accomplished
in Stage 2. The data sets and monitoring systems in relevant offices at the city and barangay levels,
including the management information systems, were analyzed to determine common indicators and gaps.
Participatory processes with the city and barangay heads of office and staff helped establish the locally
relevant indicators for the projects MDG 7:11 monitoring. The locally relevant indicators are constructed as
elements of the questionnaire as the survey instrument, pre-tested and finalized for the monitoring.
Figure 1 Operational Framework for Partnerships in Local Level Monitoring and Planning on MDGs:
Goal 7 (environmental sustainability) Target 11 (improvement in the lives of slum dwellers)
Commitment
Forging the
partnership
Local government
political will
Legislation and policy

issuances for partnership
of local government units
Memorandum of
Agreement (signed
Policy Formulation,
Planning,
Implementation,
Monitoring
MDG Progress by 2020
Participatory Local Action Planning
Local Action Planning on the MDG
7:11 baseline data (data analysis,
draft local plan on priorities,
projects/program, budgets, policy
and staff requirements)
Local legislation and policy on

local plan for MDG 7:11
Local plan implementation
Capacity Building and

Participatory ProcessSurvey-Baseline Study
Human resources for

monitoring (knowledge,
values, skills in
conducting the survey)
MIS (integration into local
MIS)
Monitoring System and

Geographic Information
System Installation
Survey Data report
generation
GIS mapping of data
Monitoring on MDG 7:11

achievements
Replication
Pre-Test
Field Survey (random
sampling of sample
community associations
and households)
MIS assessment
Figure 2 Implementing Steps for Project Partners in Localizing and Monitoring MDGs (Goal 7
environmental sustainability Target 11 improvement in the lives of slum dwellers)
Stage 1: Forging co-ownership and

partnership for localizing and
monitoring Goal 7 Target 11
Stage 2: Capacity building and

participatory process
Consultations among partners on overall

project design; funding by external
organizations; equity or counterpart
contribution of LGUs (personnel at least)
Identification and commitment of key
participating units, decision makers and
staff; roles and responsibilities; organizing
the MDG project team composed of heads
of units; composite survey team consisting
of personnel from the partner agencies
Preparation of Memorandum of Agreement
among partners at city and barangay level.
Signing of MOA in project launching
Conduct of capacity building workshops

1. Project orientation
2. Research methods
3. Monitoring system (Dev Info), identifying
local MDG 7:11 indicators, survey
instrument construction
4. Pre-test and questionnaire validation
5. Field survey workplan
Capacity assessment for Management
Information and Geographic Information
Systems; gap analysis
Management consultations
Stage 3: Participatory Field Survey

Monitoring on MDG
Verification, validation of data for

sampling
Sampling frames
Computation of sample size
Random sampling of sites
Pre-testing of questionnaire instrument
Data collection in random sample sites
Stage 4: Data Reporting and Analysis:

summaries, tables, graphs, geographic
information maps
Data encoding: MS Access

Use of DevInfo data sets reporting:
tables, graphs, summaries, and
geographic information maps
Installation of Management Information
System and Geographic Information
System in the LGUs
Stage 5: Local Planning based on

analysis and utilization of data sets;
Implementation; Monitoring Progress
on MDGs
Local action planning exercise on the

MDG data base, budget plan, policy
requirements
LGU Commitments:
-Decision making and policy formulation on
the action plan
-Implementation and monitoring (periodic
vis a vis baseline data)
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
The partners project on barangay level monitoring in two pilot barangays in two cities aimed to
support the attainment of the global and national commitments for the MDG 7:11 by taking action at the
local level.
Specifically, the project also referred to as the Action aimed to:
Enhance local development planning and program implementation by improving barangay level
capacities to monitor shelter and settlements development programs that contribute to
improved quality of life for poor settlers.
Provide the city level government with the local indicator setting and monitoring process and
tools useful for aggregate data base information and geographic systems.
Draw out the capacities of local decision makers and stakeholders for action planning, policy
formulation, and program implementation that will contribute to attainment of the goals and
targets at the local level.
PROJECT OUTCOMES AND GROUNDWORK FOR BEST PRACTICES

The Action achieved the following results:
Local officials in the pilot cities and barangays issued policy statements and entered into a
partnership with external organizations, officially in a Memorandum of Agreement, to conduct
the MDG 7:11 monitoring.
An MDG 7:11 project management team, composed of heads of designated units, was
organized and it consistently participated in the projects processes
The survey team, composed of staff from the designated units, consistently took part in
capacity building workshops and on-the-job field survey.
A list of locally relevant indicators was generated.
A questionnaire instrument was developed by participatory processes, using locally acceptable
indicators for MDG 7:11 -- five global indicators as locally acceptable and additional two local
indicators for holistic community development.
A survey was conducted by local personnel from designated offices, along with the research
team of the external organization, using the questionnaire, yielding baseline data for the first
year of monitoring MDG 7:11
The software was prepared for turnover to the local government units and for integration into
the local management information system and geographic information system. It consisted of
data sets, processed on the basis of global standards for the indicators as well as encoding
templates and DevInfo for uploading the data sets into the global platform.
Local planning exercise demonstrated the use of the data sets from the survey, including the
graphs and tables generated, for situational analysis, priority setting, objective and target
setting, and the need for resource and policy inputs.
The local government units committed to sustain the Action by:
o integrating the data sets into the LGU management information and geographic
information system
o mobilizing the management and survey teams for local planning and plan
implementation; as well as coordination and leadership by the City Planning and
Development Office and offices/units for housing and settlements, and maintenance of
the monitoring system by the offices for housing or settlements, and management
information system
o replicating in other barangays of the city
o periodic monitoring (once at least in three years)
o external linkages and partnerships
The project and the survey prepared the ground for best practices and enhanced the governance
qualities of the local government units for MDGs monitoring.
Also, the publication of the manual entitled Process Guide for MDG Localization and
Monitoring, based on the project experiences, is intended for the local government units to replicate the
monitoring in their barangays. Another product is this discursive monograph, Local Government
5
Barangay Level Monitoring System Development Measuring Goal 7 Target 11 of the Millennium
Development Goals (Project and Study Results), for presentation of the project and survey data.
FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS OF SURVEY DATA
Global indicators were considered locally accepted if found to be in the existing data sets and
monitoring systems at the city and barangay levels and affirmed by participants in participatory processes
and capacity-building workshops.
Global standards for the MDGs, as quantifiable measures, were used to analyze Philippine data
from the sample barangays, such that these can be uploaded at the global level. These are:
Access to water: affordability (water expense at less than 10% of income); sufficient quantity (at
least 20 liters of water, per day, per person); effort and time (private connection to water system
piped to dwelling); quality (underground connection of water pipe with clear and pure water)
Access to sanitation: access to sanitary toilet (household has own flush/pour-flush toilet shared
by no more than 2 families); sufficient sewerage system (connection to appropriate septic
system (all concrete septic tank).
Security of tenure: documents of secure tenure status for land and house, perception of
protection from eviction (no possible eviction in next 5 years),
community
organizing/association (member of good standing); affordability (less than 30% of income for
land and housing)
Durability of housing: safe location, materials used are durable and not in need of major
repairs, compliance with building codes and ordinances, disaster awareness and preparation.
Sufficient living space: house and bedroom floor area are large enough for everybody to
dispose at least 2 square meters per person and no more than four persons sleep in an open
space; orderliness (space for movement in the house)
Environmental management: solid waste disposal (composting and recycling), drainage
system covered and not flooding.
Access to services such as electricity/fuel; employment/livelihood opportunity; health,
educational institution, market; transportation and road
The term slums is used in the discourse of the MDGs referring to a group of individuals living under
the same roof that lack one or more of the five dimensions/indicators. However, in the Philippines, the
terms informal settlers and urban poor informal settlers have been used instead of slum dwellers.
MANDATE FOR LOCAL PLANNING ON THE MDGs: USING THE DATASETS
The national government has pursued its commitment to the
global community through the National Economic and Development
Authority and pertinent agencies to plan and track progress on the
MDGs. The Department of Interior and Local Government even
issued Memorandum Circular No. 2004-152 on Nov. 10, 2004 urging
provincial governors, city and municipal mayors, DILG regional
directors and other concerned persons and entities to use their funds
and resources for attainment of the MDGs at the local levels. The
memorandum provided the guidelines, framework and methodology for localization of the MDGs, and for
local government units to intensify efforts by increasing their budget allocations for programs, projects and
activities in order to achieve the MDGs. The 1991 Local Government Code mandates the promotion of
public health and safety, enhancement of peoples right to a balanced ecology, enhancement of economic
prosperity and social justice, promotion of full employment among the residents, maintenance of peace
and order and preservation of the comfort and convenience of the inhabitants.
National agencies pursue the
Philippine commitment to the global
community on the MDGs. DILG
Memo Circular 2004-152 advocates
the local governments use of its
funds and resources for programs,
projects, activities on the MDGs.
SUSTAINABILITY OF MONITORING
The Action of ALTERPLAN and the European Commission to initiate monitoring for MDG 7:11 is
consistent with national and local policy frameworks and processes. At the end of the project for baseline
year, the local government partners will receive software consisting of data sets, graphs and tables,
geographic maps, monitoring templates, DevInfo for the global platform, as well as hardware one
computer unit each for one lead office at city level and barangay level.
Local government partners have expressed commitment for integrating the data sets and
monitoring system into the LGU management information system, replicating the project in other
barangays, conducting local planning, and implementing the plan. The same management and survey
teams will be maintained, with coordination and leadership from the City Planning and Development office.
The sustainability of the action in the pilot cities will be pursued by other interested non-government
organizations and international fund organizations. The mayor and barangay captains and the council
members have strategic roles in decision-making and wielding political will to continue the monitoring and
use data for local planning and plan implementation until 2015.
MDGs LITERATURE
Documentation and research focused on the MDGs cover the initiatives done in the UN member
countries, but still quite thin over the last five years, though the literature on development indicators spans
many decades. Among its materials, the UN Habitats Localizing the Millennium Development Goals: A
guide for local authorities and partners (2006) is a resource on data from several countries on how the
MDGs were pursued.
Data from the City of Addis Ababa in 2005 showed the efforts to develop sectoral indicators to
deliver efficient and effective services, covering health, education, housing, water, energy. From the South
African Cities Network (2002), the methodology involved collation of key urban indicators from various
sources, including censuses, national surveys, national government data bases and local authority data,
which used as inputs for a range of strategic information tools. Bangalore in India started the surveys in
1994 and 1999 to measure citizen satisfaction.
Country reports have been documented by the UN Habitat (Localizing the Millennium Development
Goals), specifically on Morocco, Senegal, Sri Lanka, India, Vietnam, Mexico, Brazil, Colombia, the
Caribbean. These offer examples on the different ways by which MDGs localization can be done. The
Philippine initiative in Naga City (2004) reported in the same sources demonstrated the MDGs localization
through the Partners in Development Program. This was geared at empowering squatters and slum
dwellers for security of tenure for shelter.
It is observed that research literature is inadequate on the issue of the MDGs as a global strategy
for human development and sustainable development. Philippine research literature will be augmented by
recent project and research reports on various aspects of the MDGs undertaken by civil society groups with
support from the European Commission Delegation to the Philippines, and their partners, such as this one
on the Local Government Barangay Level Monitoring System Development on the MDG 7:11.
Related literature on development indicators over the years have focused on the spectrum of
sectoral concerns such as health, environment, natural resources, education, and others; also related to
governance indicators for development. However, the MDGs serve as the most recent global development
framework to which the Philippines subscribes, and about which there is need for data, documentation and
research.
PART 1
SURVEY DESIGN AND PROCESS
PILOT CITIES AND BARANGAYS: COMPUTATION AND ALLOCATION OF SAMPLE SIZE
The pilot cities, Marikina City and Quezon City, have initiated housing programs for the informal
settlers in their areas, as shown in the lists of housing sites and community associations available from the
LGUs and national housing agencies. The cities maintain management information structures and systems,
and several units coordinate programs on urban poor housing, settlements, subdivisions, and urban
services.
Barangays Fortune and Marikina Heights in Marikina City and Barangays Baesa and Holy Spirit in
Quezon City were selected as pilot sites on the basis of the number of informal settlers in relation to
population and the number of housing projects for informal settlers on land title status (advanced, ongoing,
new). In addition, barangay officials agreed to participate and sustain the project. Other barangays that
were invited to replicate the project in their areas became participant observers.
Close to the computed sample size using a statistical formula, the project used the sample size of
10% of total number of households of informal settlers in housing sites for Marikina and 20% for Quezon
City. (Tables 1 and 2).
Table 1 Marikina sampling size
Marikina City sampling size
Total number of households Bgy Fortune
Total number of households Bgy Marikina Heights
Total
5,212
2,365
7,577
Sample size at 10% of 7,577 = 758

Proportional allocation:
Bgy Fortune
Bgy Marikina Heights
758 (5,212) = 521 survey sample size

(7,577)
(7,577)
Total number of households in Marikina City = 758
Table 2 Quezon City sampling size

Quezon City sampling size
Total number of households Bgy Baesa
Total number of households Bgy Holy Spirit
Total
1,294
1,888
3,182
Sample size at 20% of 3,182 = 636

Proportional allocation;
Bgy Baesa
Bgy Holy Spirit

(3,182)
(3,182)
Total number of households in Quezon City= 636
Random Sampling and Proportional Allocation

Lists of community associations for each barangay were prepared and validated with the barangay
and city levels and with the national housing agencies. In Marikina City, the lists had Bgy. Fortune with a
total of 53 community associations and Bgy. Marikina Heights with 49 community associations, while
Quezon City had Bgy. Baesa which has 10 community associations and Bgy. Holy Spirit with 21 community
associations.
These were grouped by project types for the sampling frame, namely: CMP LGU originated, CMP
non-LGU originated, Direct Sale, and under negotiation with owners. Grouping was again done on land title
status (TCT), namely: advanced titling, mid-term ongoing titling, new projects, and uncertain status. Per
barangay and per criteria on land titling status, the community associations were selected by random
sampling, as shown in Table 3.
Per community association, proportional allocation for sample size or total number of households
was computed. For example, one CA has 69 households. Using the formula for proportional allocation, the
number of households to be surveyed in this community association is 14. If another community association
has 154 households, the sample proportional sample size of target households is 30, and so on to complete
the target sample size for community association. Table 3 shows the total target of households for all the
random sample community associations.
For the next procedure, households to which the questionnaire instrument will be administered
were identified by systematic random sampling, using a number to select from alphabetical lists of
households-beneficiaries in the random sample community associations. Actual number of respondents
came close to the target number or sample size of households, shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Sampling Profile
City
Marikina City
Quezon City
Barangay
No. of
Community
Associations
No. of Random
Sample
Community
Associations
Target No. of
Households
(all community
associations)
Actual No. of
Household
Respondents
(all community
associations)
Barangay Fortune
54
26
521
521 (100%)
Barangay Marikina
Heights
49
20
237
215 (91%)
Barangay Baesa
10
259
259 (100%)
Barangay Holy
Spirit
21
377
337 (89%)
Sources: Lists of community associations per barangay, list of households-beneficiaries per community
association in Marikina City and Quezon City
Participants from designated offices of the city and barangays attended the capacity- building
workshops and the survey. From the group of 51 workshop participants from Quezon City, 24 joined the
survey. From Marikinas 61 participants, 32 joined the survey. With the pre-tested and finalized
questionnaire, the survey team reached the target number of households, 100% in Bgy. Fortune, 91% in
Bgy. Marikina Heights, 100% in Bgy. Baesa and 89% Bgy. in Holy Spirit.
Data processing used the Microsoft Access and DevInfo for the MDGs linkage at the global
platform. Data analysis applied the global standards for adequate and inadequate conditions, which
measure or quantify the indicators and dimensions. Graphs and tables generated from the data sets
provide the visual aids to see the condition of the barangays and community associations on the indicators.
PART 2
SURVEY RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS: THE 2007 BASELINE DATA
ON THE MDG 7:11
GLOBAL STANDARDS AND LOCALLY RELEVANT INDICATORS
The application of global standards on the survey responses resulted in the measurement of MDG
7:11 indicators in terms of the proportion of households in adequate and inadequate conditions, as well as
those in need of improvement. Survey results for pilot sites in Marikina City and Quezon City are presented
here in the following formats:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Summary table on four barangays on all indicators

Bar graphs per barangay on all indicators
Summary table on four barangays on gender disaggregated data on all indicators
Bar graphs per barangay on gender disaggregated data on all indicators
Tables per indicator and components on four barangays
Geographic maps on the indicators
The household is the unit of analysis, represented by the head of household, whether male or
female, who stands as the official beneficiary of the housing program for informal settlers registered in the
pilot cities of Marikina and Quezon City. The head of household is the preferred respondent to the
questionnaire instrument, but in his absence, the spouse or any adult member of the household
knowledgeable on the questionnaire items may stand in. The survey data are the responses from the
random sample households in the random sample community associations of Barangay Fortune and
Barangay Marikina Heights of Marikina City, and from Barangay Baesa and Barangay Holy Spirit of Quezon
City.
Data processing and analysis are based on the frequency of responses and proportion of
households (in percentage) that are in adequate, need improvement, and inadequate conditions on each of
the indicators of Goal 7 Target 11. Each indicator is quantitatively measured based on a set of components
with corresponding global standards.
Data are presented in tables for barangay profiles on the indicators, for disaggregation by gender
for male-headed and female-headed households, and by components per indicator.
Bar graphs are useful in calling the barangays attention to indicators that need interventions to
reduce and eliminate conditions of poverty and poor quality of life pertaining to environment and shelter, as
stated in the MDG 7:11. The line across the bar chart at 0.0 marks the indicator at the global standards of
its components taken altogether. The proportion of households above the bar line marks the number of
households in condition of adequacy on the indicator. The proportion of households below the bar line are
the households situated in conditions of inadequacy, with a proportion of households that need
improvement on the indicator.
Data processing also yielded the profiles of community associations on the indicators. These can
help locate the areas within the barangay that need interventions according to the magnitude of households
in adequate, need improvement, and inadequate conditions.
Also, the geographic maps based on the survey data locate the site of the households that are
adequate and inadequate on each of the indicators. These also help visualize the magnitude of the
condition by area of coverage.
BARANGAY PROFILES ON THE INDICATORS
For local planning, the survey data are useful in determining priorities, targets, programs, activities,
including budget allocation. Local government and other stakeholders, such as non-government
organizations, international fund and development organizations, can have evidence for decision-making,
as funds and resources may have to be allocated judiciously among competing needs and priorities.
10
Table 4.1 below presents the summary data on four barangays on all the indicators of MDG 7:11.
Table 4.2 presents the summary on four barangays on access to other services, and Table 4.3 on specific
services. For decision-making, the local government and other stakeholders can focus on the proportion of
households in areas that need improvement and are largely inadequate in order to have interventions that
boost progress and achievement on the indicators according to global standards.
The data in these two tables are discussed by barangay with corresponding illustrative bar graphs.
Table 4.1 Barangay Profiles on MDG 7:11 Indicators
MDG Goal 7
Target 11
Indicators
QUEZON CITY
Baesa
A
(%)
NI
(%)
MARIKINA CITY
Holy Spirit
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
Fortune
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
Marikina
Heights
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
Access to Water
29.7
5.2
65.1
18.6
2.4
79.0
26.9
10.3
62.8
19.7
6.1
74.2
Access to
Sanitation
97.9
2.1
0.0
98.6
1.4
0.0
97.7
2.3
0.0
93.8
6.2
0.0
Security of
Tenure
67.8
32.2
58.8
41.2
48.5
51.5
69.1
Durability of
Housing
Sufficient Living
Space
Environmental
Management
Access to Other
Services
12.4
77.7
6.7
86.6
13.6
85.2
19.0
48.0
68.4
31.6
45.1
54.9
40.7
9.8
52.0
6.7
1.2
30.9
5.0
76.0
59.3
17.6
72.4
10.0
1.8
22.2
76.0
17.1
36.2
46.7
19.2
35.8
45.1
0.0*
25.4**
74.6***
0.0*
15.0**
84.9***
1.8*
23.6**
74.6***
2.6*
47.4**
50.0***
*Excellent; **High and Good; *** Medium and Poor
Table 4.2 Barangay Profiles on Access to Other Services
Indicator G. ACCESS
Number of
Excellent
High
Good
Medium
Poor
TO OTHER
respondents
%
%
%
%
%
f
f
f
f
f
SERVICES
Quezon City
1.4
8.5
22.5
35.7
31.9
Baesa
259
3
18
48
76
68
0.6
6.0
15.1
25.3
53.0
Holy Spirit
338
1
10
25
42
88
Marikina City
1.8
5.6
18.0
25.4
Fortune
521
8
25
80
113 49.2 219
2.6
14.9
32.5
26.8
23.2
Marikina Heights
215
5
29
63
52
45
Legend: Excellent - All 7 services; High - 6 services; Good - 5 services; Medium - 4 services; Poor - 3 services
11
Table 4.3 Barangay Profiles on Access to Specific Services

MARIKINA CITY
Barangay Fortune
QUEZON CITY
Barangay
Heights
Marikina
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
Electricity/fuel
89.5
7.3
3.2
91.3
5.8
2.9
82.0
14.8
3.3
74.1
21.8
4.1
Employment/livelihood
41.2
58.8
62.2
37.8
50.0
50.0
45.8
Health Services
14.2
26.8
32.0
11.9
12.3
44.5
13.3
Educational Institution
23.3
76.7
90.7
9.3
93.9
6.1
50.0
50.0
Marketplace
Transportation
And Road System
70.5
29.5
75.8
24.2
100
0.0
97.6
2.4
60.9
39.1
28.9
71.1
19.7
80.3
16.3
83.7
Peace and Order
77.3
22.7
71.1
28.9
59.0
41.0
59.8
40.2
59.0
56.2
43.1
54.2
51.8
34.9

Access to water is adequate in only 26.9% households. There is need for improvement among
10.3%; while 62.8% households are inadequate in their access to water. Among the indicators, access to
sanitation is achieved adequately in 97.7% households; only 2.3% need improvement, while no households
or 0.0% are inadequate. On this baseline year of monitoring, Barangay Fortune already has a track record
of high performance in access to sanitation. Yet, the need improvement percentage should still be given
attention to achieve 100% of households compliant with global standards.
Less than half (48.5%) of households have security of tenure, but slightly more than half (51.5%) do
not have security of tenure for housing.
Barangay Fortune has only 13.5% households with adequate condition on durability of housing. It
has minimal 1.2% households that need improvement, but a huge number or 85.2% of households with
inadequate condition on durability of housing.
Less than half or 41.5% of households have sufficient living space while slightly more than half
(54.9%) have insufficient living space.
On environmental management, 17.1% households are adequate, 36.2% need improvement, and
46.7% are inadequate because of poor drainage system.
Access to other services refers to electricity and fuel, employment and livelihood opportunities,
health, education, markets, transportation and roads, peace and order. Access to these other services
taken altogether is poor among 49.2% of households, though this is excellent among 1.8% households;
high among 5.6%; good among 18.0%; and medium among 25.4%. On a three-point scale, only 1.8%
households have adequate access to other services; 23.6% need improvement, and 74.6% have poor
access to other services.
Majority (89.5%) of households in the barangay have private electricity connections and cook with
clean fuel (LPG, kerosene, electricity), while a small 7.3% need improvement and 3.2% are adequately
situated with regard to power and cooking fuel. Slightly less than half of respondents (41.2%) find
employment and livelihood opportunities in the barangay to be adequate, but more than half of households
(58.8%) said these are inadequate. Health services are adequate for 14.2% households, need improvement
for 59.0% of households, but inadequate as far as 26.8% households are concerned. Educational
institutions are adequate among 23.3% households but inadequate for the large 76.7% of households.
Majority (70.5%) find adequate the presence of the market place, though for 29.5% this is inadequate.
Transportation and road system is adequate for 60.9% households but inadequate according to 39.1%.
12
There is adequate peace and order according to the majority (77.3%); but still inadequate according to
22.7%.
On perceived problems among the households, ranked first is livelihood (22.0%), followed by
housing (19.9%). Third is education (14.7%), fourth is health services (12.8%), fifth is peace and order
(9.5%), sixth is water (8.9%), seventh is electricity (6.8%), and eighth is sanitary toilet (5.3%).
Chart 1 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Fortune

Access to water is still inadequate for 74.2% households. A few 19.7% find it adequate and only
6.1% need improvement on this indicator.
Access to sanitation has a high percentage of households with adequate conditions (93.8%). In
this 2007 baseline year of monitoring, this indicator has a high performance in the barangay. There is a
small 6.2% of households that still need improvement. It is significant that no households, 0.0%, find this
indicator to be inadequate.
On security of tenure, 69.1% households already have security of tenure but 30.9% find it
inadequate.
Durability of housing is adequate among only 19% of households; 5% need improvement, but
majority of 76.0% households find this indicator to be inadequate. Living space is sufficient for 40.7%
households but insufficient among 59.3%.
On environmental management, some 19.2% households find this to be inadequate, 35.8% said it
needs improvement, while 45.1% said it is inadequate, mainly because of problems with the drainage
system.
health, education, markets, transportation and roads, peace and order. In a five-point scale, access to these
other services, overall, are rated excellent by 2.6% households, high among 14.9%, good among 32.5%,
medium among 26.8%, and 23.2% of the households rated this poor. On a three-point scale, those with
excellent access are a small 2.6% households, but less than half, 47.4%, need improvement, while 50%
find inadequate their access to such services.
Electricity and cooking fuel are adequate among 91.3% households; livelihood programs are
present for 62.2%. Health services are adequate for 32.0%, need improvement among 56.2%, and
inadequate for 11.9%. Educational institutions are adequate for a great majority or 90.7% of households.
The marketplace is adequate among 75.8% but inadequate among 22.4%. On the other hand,
13
transportation and road system is adequate for 28.9 % but inadequate for 71.1% of households. Peace and
order is adequate among 71.1% of the households but inadequate for 28.9%.
Perceived problems are ranked as follows: (1) livelihood (23.8%), (2) housing (16.7%), (3)
education (13.3%), (4) health services (12.6%), (5) peace and order (10.7%), (6) water (9.7%), (7)
electricity (7.4%), (8) sanitary toilet (5.7%).
Chart 2 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina City Barangay Marikina Heights
Quezon City Barangay Baesa

Access to water is adequate for 29.7% households, while 5.2% said it needs improvement and
more than majority or 65.1% said it is inadequate.
Access to sanitation ranks best at 97.9% of the households which said it is adequate but 2.1% said
it needs improvement, and none or 0.0% found it inadequate. This is a high performance on baseline year
but targeting the households in areas that need improvement will push to 100% coverage on this indicator
at global standard.
Some 67.8% of households are adequate in security of tenure, while 32.2% are inadequate.
Durability of housing is adequate for 12.4%, needs improvement, for 9.8%, but inadequate for a large
majority (77.7%). On living space, 52% find this sufficient but 48.0% said it is insufficient.
Environmental management is adequate for 17.6%, but needs improvement in majority of
households (72.4%), while only a few 10.0% find this inadequate.
health, education, markets, transportation and roads, peace and order. Access to these services is poor for
31.9% of households. Majority (82.0%) have adequate electricity and use clean cooking fuels, 14.8% need
improvement in this area, while only a few 3.3% find it inadequate. Livelihood programs are available
according to 50.0% while the other half (50%) find this inadequate. Health services are adequate for 21.7%,
but inadequate for 78.3%. Educational institutions are already adequate for 93.9% households, only a small
6.1% find this to be inadequate. While the market place is adequate for all households (100%),
transportation and road system is inadequate for all 100% households. Peace and order is adequate for
slightly half or 59.0% and inadequate for 41.0% of the households.
Perceived problems are ranked from first to last as follows: (1) livelihood (23.8%), (2) housing
(15.7%), (3) peace and order (13.3%), (4) health services 12.1%), (5) water (11.4%), (6) education (10.1%),
(7) electricity (8.7%), and (8) sanitary toilet (4.9%).
14
Chart 3 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Baesa
Quezon City Barangay Holy Spirit

Access to water is adequate for 18.6% of households. Those that need improvement in this
indicator constitute a small 2.4%, but still large 79.0% households have inadequate access to water.
There is good indication of access to sanitation for 98.6% of households, 1.4% need improvement,
and none or 0.0% inadequate. Barangay Holy Spirit has a high performance on access to sanitation but
efforts could lead to accomplishment of 100% households at global standards.
Slightly more than half of households (58.8%) have security of tenure while 42% still do not have. A
majority of (86.6%) does not have durability of housing, only a few 6.7 % find this adequate, and 6.7% need
improvement. On sufficient living space, 68%.4 consider their condition as adequate, but less than half
(31.6%) do not have sufficient living space. Only a few or 1.8% find environmental management adequate,
22.2% said it needs improvement, but 76.0% find environmental management to be inadequate, due to
conditions of the drainage system.
health, education, markets, transportation and roads, peace and order. In general, access to other services
is rated poor, according to 56.6% of households. Only 3.6 % households rated high, 11.4% said it is good
and 28% find it medium. On a three-point scale, the access to these services needs improvement among
15% households, but inadequate for 84.9%.
For electricity or fuel, majority (74.1%) have adequate private connection for electricity and use of
cooking fuels, only a few 21.8% need improvement, while 4.1% find this to be inadequate. Livelihood
programs are available according to 45.8% households, but inadequate to slightly more than half (54.2%).
Health services are adequate only for 27% but inadequate among 72.5% households. Half of the
households find educational services to be adequate while the other half find it inadequate. The
marketplace is adequate for majority (97.6%), and only a few find this inadequate (2.4%). Transportation is
adequate for 16.3% and inadequate for 83.7% households. Peace and order is adequate for slightly more
than half or 59.8% and inadequate for 40.2%.
Perceived problems identified by households are: (1) livelihood (25.5%), (2) housing (18.3%), (3)
peace and order (12.3%), (4) education (11.2%), (5) electricity (10.3%), (6) health services (10.2%), (7)
water (7.8%), (8) sanitary toilet (4.4%).
15
Chart 4 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Holy Spirit
INDICATORS BY GENDER DISAGGREGATED DATA

The table below provides the barangay gender based data for the proportion of households in
conditions that are adequate, need improvement, and inadequate on the indicators of MDG 7:11. The
charts show the yellow bars for the percentages of male-headed and female-headed households on
adequate conditions, above the 0.0 line on the global standards of the indicators, while the red bars
represent the percentage of male-headed and female-headed households that are inadequate, below the
global standards of the indicators.
Marikina Citys Barangay Fortune has 77 female-headed households and 349 male-headed
households. The female heads of households constitute 18% of 426 respondents who gave valid answers,
17% among 434 who responded to the questionnaire item, and 14% of 521 total survey respondents in
Barangay Fortune. The male heads of households comprise 81% of 426 who gave valid answers, 80% of
434 who responded to the questionnaire item, and 66% of 521 total survey respondents in Barangay
Fortune.
In Barangay Marikina Heights, there are 50 female-headed households compared to 141 maleheaded households. These female household heads make up 26% of 191 who gave valid answers, 26% of
192 who answered the questionnaire items, and 23% of 215 total survey respondents for Barangay
Marikina Heights. The male household heads are 73% of 191 with valid answers, 73% of 192 who replied to
the questionnaire items, and 65% of 215 total respondents in Barangay Marikina Heights.
For Quezon Citys Barangay Baesa, there are a total of 38 female-headed households and 171
male-headed households. The female heads are 18% of 209 respondents with valid answers, 15% among
245 that responded to the questionnaire items, and 14% of 259 total survey respondents in Barangay
Baesa. The male heads comprise 81% of the 209 respondents with valid answers (209), 69% among 245
respondents of the questionnaire items, and 66% of 259 total survey respondents in Barangay Baesa.
Barangay Holy Spirit has 40 female-headed households and 137 male-headed households. The
distribution of female heads of household is 22% of 177 respondents with valid answers, 19% of 208
respondents to the questionnaire item, and 11% of 338 total respondents. The male heads constitute 77%
of 177 who gave valid answers, 65% of 65 respondents to the questionnaire item, and 40% of total 338
respondents in Barangay Holy Spirit.
The data shows that the proportion of women who are household heads range from 14% to 26% of
the sub-sets of population groups. On the other hand, the proportion of men as household heads range
from 40% to 81% for the sub-sets of population groups. This means that only a fourth of the random sample
households have women as their heads.
16
Table 5 Number and Proportion of Female - Headed Households and Male - Headed households
to Total Respondents
City
Barangay
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina
Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
Gender Household
Head
% to Total Item
Respondents
n2
% to Total Survey
Respondents (Actual
Sample Size)
% male
%
headed
female
househeaded
holds
households
n3
% to Total Questionnaire
Respondents
% male
headed
households
n1
%
female
headed
households
81
426
17
80
434
14
66
521
26
73
191
26
73
192
23
65
215
171
18
81
209
15
69
245
14
66
259
137
22
77
177
19
65
208
11
40
338
%
female
headed
households
% male
headed
households
349
18
50
141
38
40
no
female
headed
households
no male
headed
households
77
The status of households on the indicators based on gender is summarized in Table 6. Gender
desegregation in Table 6 accounts for the proportion of male- and female-headed households for each of
the indicators in relation to the total survey respondents in the respective barangays.
Table 6 Gender Segregated Household Data: Summary by Indicators and Proportion to
Total Respondents
17

With respect to the total number of respondents in Barangay Fortune, 3.6% of the female-headed
households have adequate access to water compared to 21% of male- headed households, but inadequate
for 9.5% female and 37% male households. Access to sanitation is adequate for almost all, a few need
improvement, but impressively 0% find it inadequate. Inadequate security of tenure should be noted among
8% female and 41% male households that add up to half or 51% of total respondents. Inadequacy in
durability of housing also exists among 15% women and 64% male households, constituting 85% of all
respondents in the barangay. There is insufficiency in living space among 8.4% female and 42.8% male
households, which amount to 54% of households. Environmental management is adequate for 4%and
11.7%, respectively, for female and male households but need improvement among 5.6% and 29%,
respectively, and inadequate for 7.6% female and 36.4% male households making up 46% of all
respondents in Barangay Fortune. Majority of 16.9% female and 75.7% male households or a total of 98%
have inadequate access to other services.
Chart 5 presents the bar graph for gender segregated data based on Table 6. The red bars alert
development planners to the magnitude of households per gender category that are inadequately situated
or below global standards, on each of the indicators.
Chart 5 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina
City - Barangay Fortune (Gender-segregated)
Table 7.1 presents a different computation on the proportion of female and male heads of
households with respect to the total number of respondents per gender sub-group, instead of total
respondents in the barangay as in Table 6. This makes the gender proportions comparable with the totals
of the sub-groups, showing the figures are close between the genders on the adequate, as well as
inadequate conditions in each of the indicators. More female-headed households compared to maleheaded households (62% and 53% respectively) find access to water, durability of housing (84% and 78%
respectively), access to other services (80.5% and 71.6% respectively) inadequate. On the other hand,
more male-headed households than female-headed households consider inadequate the following: security
of tenure (50% and 45% respectively), sufficient living space (63% and 55.8% respectively), and
environmental management (46% and 44% respectively).
18
Table 7.1 Proportion among Female Headed and Male Headed Households by Indicators Barangay
Fortune
Indicator
Access to Water
Security of Tenure
Access to Other Services
Perceived Priority of Problems
Barangay Fortune, Marikina City

Female Headed HH=77
Male Headed HH=349
A
NI
IA
A
NI
IA
%
%
%
%
%
%
23.38
11.69
62.34
30.66
12.03
53.87
67.53
1.30
0
77.94
2.0
49.35
45.45
44.41
50.14
11.69
1.30
84.42
13.75
1.15
78.22
44.16
55.84
35.24
63.04
23.38
32.47
44.16
14.90
36.96
46.42
1.30
16.89
80.52
2.00
24.93
71.63
Livelihood
Livelihood

In Table 6 on Barangay Marikina Heights, gender segregated data to total number of respondents
show female and male headed households that are inadequate in access to water, 15% and 47%
respectively, for a total of 74%. Access to sanitation is 0% inadequate for both genders. Security of tenure
is mostly adequate for 16% female and 51% male households for a total of 69%, leaving the 8.4% female
and 20% male among the total 30% with inadequate conditions in Barangay Marikina Heights. Inadequacy
on durability of housing prevails among majority of 21% female and 53% male households in a total of 76%
of households. Living space is insufficient among 16% female and 42% male households. Environmental
management needs improvement but still inadequate for 10.9% female and 33.2% male households. There
is inadequate access to other services among 25% female and 69% male households.
Chart 6 graphically illustrates the data in Table 6 for Barangay Marikina Heights on the proportion
of male- and female-headed households that are above and below the global standards for each of the
indicators. The red bars below the global standards call attention to the inadequate conditions of the
female-headed compared to the male-headed households.
Chart 6 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Marikina
City - Barangay Marikina Heights (Gender-segregated)
19
To compare the sub-group of female- to male-headed households in Barangay Marikina Heights,

the percentages are computed on the basis of the total number of households per gender group, shown in
Table 7.2. The proportion of female and male households is comparatively in close range per indicator.
Female households have slightly higher percentage of inadequate condition over male households in terms
of security of tenure (30% to 26% respectively), durability of housing (76% and 67% respectively), and living
space (68% and 62% respectively). Male households are higher in percentage of inadequate conditions
compared to women on access to water (72% and 64% respectively), environmental management (45%
and 42%), and access to other services (53% and 44%).
Table 7.2 Proportion among Female Headed and Male Headed Households by Indicators
Barangay Marikina Heights
Indicator
Access to Water
Security of Tenure
Barangay Marikina Heights, Marikina City

Female Headed HH=50
Male Headed HH=141
A
NI
IA
A
NI
IA
%
%
%
%
%
%
22.00
14.00
64.00
22.00
4.26
72.34
60.00
4.00
0
62.41
4.26
0
58.00
30.00
65.25
26.24
14.00
2.00
76.00
17.73
5.67
67.38
30.00
68.00
35.46
62.41
22.00
34.00
42.00
18.44
34.75
45.39
2.00
54.00
44.00
2.84
42.55
53.19
Livelihood
Livelihood
Quezon City - Barangay Baesa

In terms of gender disaggregation in Table 6, using the total number of survey respondents for
Barangay Baesa, there are 4.4% female households that are adequate in their access to water, 1.6% that
need improvement, and 29.7 that find it inadequate. Among the male households, there are 29% that find it
adequate, 3.6% that need improvement, and 36.9 which said it is inadequate. The women households are
totally adequate in their access to sanitation, while the men are almost adequate with only 2.1% needing
improvement, and both had none or 0% who find it inadequate. Security of tenure is adequate for half of
both gender with still 24% among the men and 6.3% of the women who find it inadequate. For both
genders, majority are inadequate in terms of durability of housing. Considering 15% women households of
the total respondents, 9% consider living space to be inadequate, while 37% of total respondents also
perceive their living space to be inadequate. About 10% women and 61% men households find the need for
improvement in environmental management. Access to services inclines to the inadequate among majority
of households of both women (17.8%) and men (78.4%) as the head.
Chart 7 illustrates the gender disaggregated data based on Table 6 on the proportion of male- and
female-headed households above and below the global standards on each of the indicators. The red bars
call attention to inadequate conditions among female and male groups on the indicators.
Chart 7 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in
Quezon City Barangay Baesa (Gender-segregated)
20
Table 7.3 is a variation of presentation for the gender disaggregated data in terms of percentages
computed on the basis of the gender sub-group, rather than total number of respondents as in Table 6.
With 38 female-headed households compared to 171 male- headed households, the computation based on
gender sub-groups shows the figures to be close in range, except for environmental management where
more female households (55%) find the need for improvement while more male households (56%) find their
situation inadequate.
Baesa
Indicator
Access to Water
Security of Tenure
Barangay Baesa, QC
Female Headed HH=38
A
NI
IA
%
%
%
28.95
10.53
55.26
86.84
0
0
42.10
28.95
7.90
10.53
76.32
36.84
60.53
26.32
55.26
13.16
0
23.68
76.32
Livelihood
Male Headed HH=171

A
NI
IA
%
%
%
36.26
5.26
53.80
87.13
2.34
0
58.48
25.15
11.70
8.77
69.00
42.10
47.95
15.20
18.13
56.73
1.75
16.96
64.91
Livelihood
Quezon City - Barangay Holy Spirit

Given the total number of respondents for the proportion of gender-based households in Barangay
Holy Spirit, shown in Table 6, there are 4.5% and 6.6% women households, respectivelly, with adequate
and inadequate access to water compared to 14% and 24% of male households that have adequate and
inadequate access to water, respectively. Almost all of both types are adequate in terms of acccess to
sanitation, with 0% saying it is inadequate. For female and male-headed households, 10% and 48%
respectively have adequate security of tenure, while 8% women and 31% men- headed households are not
secure in their land tenure. Durability of housing is inadequate among the 18% of female-headed
households and 68% of male-headed households. Space is insufficient among 5.9% of female-headed
households and 25.6% of male- headed households. Environmental management is inadequate among
17% women headed households and 58% of men-headed households. Access to services is inadequate
among 20% of women- headed households and 78% of male- headed households in relation to total survey
respondents.
Chart 8 visually presents the proportion of female- and male-headed households on the indicators
based on the data from Table 6. The red bars call attention to inadequate conditions below the global
standards among the sub-groups of female- and male-headed households in Barangay Holy Spirit.
Chart 8 Indicators: Monitoring Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals in Quezon City Barangay Holy Spirit (Gender-segregated)
21
Table 7.4 presents in another way the proportion of female- and male-headed households per
indicator, having computed, respectively, on the basis of the total number of the gender sub-group rather
than on the total number of respondents as in Table 6. Though there are only 40 female-headed
households compared to 137 male-headed households in Barangay Holy Spirit, the computation shows
comparable figures and pattern of percentages, particularly in conditions of inadequacy on the indicators.
The pattern shows slightly higher percentages of inadequate conditions among male-headed households
over female-headed households on most indicators, except environmental management (72.5% for female
heads and 70.8% for male heads) and access to other services (70% female compared to 74% male
heads).
Holy Spirit
Indicators
Access to Water
Security of Tenure
Barangay Holy Spirit, QC

Female Headed HH=40
A
NI
IA
%
%
%
37.5
5.00
55.00
70.00
2.50
0
40.00
32.50
0
12.50
67.5
37.5
47.50
0
15
72.5
0
15
70.00
Livelihood
Male Headed HH=137

A
NI
IA
%
%
%
34.31
4.38
59.12
79.56
2.50
0
54.01
35.04
7.30
3.65
74.45
37.23
59.85
2.19
22.63
70.80
0.73
21.18
74.45
Livelihood
MEASURING THE INDICATORS: COMPONENTS AND GLOBAL STANDARDS

The components per indicator specify the global standards that must be attained in each
household. For all four barangays, the households conditions of inadequacy on the indicators components
are shown in Tables 8-14. The highlights are as follows:
22
Access to Water. Of four components and global indicators, private connection to water system
piped to dwelling is inadequate, ranging from 37% to 58% of households across the four
barangays. Underground connection of water and purity of water are inadequate in the four
barangays, ranging from 33% to 56% of total households (Tables 8.1 and 8.2).
Access to Sanitation. A small percentage of households ranging from 0.7% to 1.4% across the
four barangays need improvement in the connection to septic system and for their septic tanks
to be concrete. (Tables 9.1and 9.2).
Security of Tenure. Of four components and global standards, the four barangays have a
percentage of households ranging from 11% to 40% that are inadequate in terms of processing
of documents for the land and house.
(Tables 10.1 and 10.2).
Durability of Housing. Of four components and global standards, the majority of households
across the four barangays, ranging from 65% to 80%, are inadequate in the materials used and
in their protection from extreme climatic conditions. The houses should be constructed using
durable materials and should not be in need of major repairs. (Tables 11.1 and 11.2).
Sufficient Living Space. Of two components and global standards, overcrowding prevails
across the four barangays, ranging from 31% to 59% of households. Households are
inadequate in terms of the global standard that the house and bedroom floor area should be at
least 2 sq. m and no more than 4 individuals sleep in an open space. (Tables 12.1 and 12.2).
Environmental Management. Of two components and global indicators, the drainage system is
inadequate across the four barangays, which ranges from 4.3% to 64. % of households.
(Tables 13.1 and 13.2).
Perceived Problems. Livelihood and housing problems rank first and second, while sanitary
toilet ranks eighth across the four barangays. Rankings vary slightly from third to seventh
among problems on education, health, peace and order, electricity, and water. (Table 14).
Chart 9 shows the similar patterns in the four barangays.
Table 8.1 Access to Water

Indicator A. ACCESSS TO SAFE
A
Number of
WATER
respondents
%
f
Quezon City
29.7
Baesa
259
74
18.6
Holy Spirit
338
62
Marikina City
26.9
Fortune
521
136
19.7
Marikina Heights
215
42
Legend: A. Adequate NI. Needs Improvement IA. Inadequate
NI
IA
5.2
2.4
13
8
65.1
79.0
162
264
10.3
6.1
52
13
62.8
74.2
318
158
Table 8.2 Access to Water: Components and Global Standards
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
QUEZON
CITY
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
Affordability
Sufficient
Quantity
(household
spend less than
10% of income
on water)
(household use
at least 20 liters
of water, per
day, per person)
Quality
Effort and time

(private
connection to
water system
piped to
dwelling)
(Underground
connection of
water + Clarity
and purity of
water)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
IA (%)
90.7
9.3
75.8
24.2
62.2
37.8
66.5
33.5
88.7
11.3
79.3
20.7
62.3
37.7
43.1
56.9
90.2
9.8
82.3
17.7
59.5
40.5
67.0
33.0
93.8
6.2
84.1
15.9
41.4
58.6
60.2
39.8
Table 9.1 Access to Sanitation

A
Number of
Indicator B. ACCESSS TO SANITATION respondents
%
Quezon City
97.9
Baesa
259
98.6
Holy Spirit
338
Marikina City
97.7
Fortune
521
93.8
Marikina Heights
215
NI
IA
187
137
2.1
1.4
4
2
0.0
0.0
0
0
343
121
2.3
6.2
8
8
0.0
0.0
0
0
23
Table 9.2 Access to Sanitation Components
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
Access to Sanitary Toilet
Sufficient Sewerage System
(household has flush / pour-flush

toilet shared by no more than 2
families)
A
NI
IA
(%)
(%)
(%)
(connection to appropriate septic

system - all concrete septic tank)
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
QUEZON
CITY
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
98.9
1.1
0.0
96.7
1.4
1.9
100.0
0.0
0.0
93.9
6.1
0.0
99.5
0.5
0.0
96.9
2.0
1.0
99.4
0.6
0.0
97.2
0.7
2.1
Table10.1 Security of Tenure
Indicator C. SECURITY OF TENURE
IA
Number of
Respondent
s
259
338
67.8
58.8
118
90
32.2
41.2
56
63
521
215
48.5
69.1
207
123
51.5
30.9
220
55
Quezon City
Baesa
Holy Spirit
Marikina City
Fortune
Marikina Heights
Legend: A. Adequate IA. Inadequate
Table 10.2 Security of Tenure Components

Documents
of
Secure
Tenure
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
QUEZON
CITY
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina
Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay Holy
Spirit
(owner /
ownership
process with
documents for
land and
house)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
De Facto
Protection from
Eviction
Perception of
Protection from
Eviction
Organizing of
Community
Affordability
(household have
not been evicted
in the past 10
years)
(household do
not foresee
possible eviction
in 5 years)
(household are
member in good
standing of a
community
association for
land and housing
rights)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
(household
spend less than
30% of income
for land and
housing)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
59.8
40.2
77.1
22.9
85.1
14.9
95.6
4.4
95.9
4.1
81.2
18.8
83.7
16.3
91.2
8.8
96.9
3.1
96.4
3.6
88.1
11.9
21.1
78.9
87.8
12.2
97.6
2.4
91.4
8.6
69.7
30.3
91.0
9.0
93.3
6.7
90.2
9.8
98.7
1.3
Table 11.1 Durability of Housing

A
Number of
Indicator D. DURABILITY OF HOUSING
respondents
%
Quezon City
12.4
Baesa
259
6.7
Holy Spirit
338
Marikina City
13.6
Fortune
521
19.0
Marikina Heights
215
24
NI
IA
24
10
9.8
6.7
19
10
77.7
86.6
150
129
58
34
1.2
5.0
5
9
85.2
76.0
362
136
Table 11.2 Durability of Housing Components

Non-Hazardous
Location
(house
constructed from
durable materials
and not in need
of major repairs)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
(housing lot
location is safe
and adequate)
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
QUEZON
CITY
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
Materials Used
and Protection
from Extreme
Climatic
Conditions
Compliance
with Building
Codes and
Ordinances
Disaster
Awareness and
Preparation
(Construction
complies with
regulations)
(household is
aware of and
prepared to face
natural disaster)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
A
(%)
IA
(%)
80.0
68.2
31.8
92.9
7.1
26.3
73.7
80.3
19.7
94.1
5.9
5.6
34.5
65.5
72.3
27.7
92.3
7.7
0.6
20.0
80.0
78.6
21.4
91.0
9.0
A
(%)
IA
(%
91.5
8.5
20.0
99.5
0.5
94.4
99.4
Table 12.1 Sufficient Living Space
Indicator E. SUFFICIENT LIVING SPACE

Quezon City
Baesa
Holy Spirit
Marikina City
Fortune
Marikina Heights
Legend: A. Adequate IA. Inadequate
IA
Number of
respondents
259
338
52.0
68.4
133
219
48.0
31.6
123
101
521
215
45.1
40.7
232
85
54.9
59.3
282
124
Table 12.2 Sufficient Living Space Components
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
QUEZON
CITY
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
Overcrowding
Orderliness
(house and bedroom floor area large enough for

everybody to dispose of at least 2 sq.m + no more
than 4 individuals sleeping in an open space)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
(house and environment

appreciated +enough space
for movement in the house)
A
IA
(%)
(%)
45.1
54.9
73.8
26.2
40.7
59.3
73.3
26.7
52.0
48.0
71.4
28.6
68.4
31.6
57.7
42.3
Table 13.1 Environmental Management

A
Indicator F. ENVIRONMENTAL
Number of
MANAGEMENT
respondents
%
Quezon City
17.6
Baesa
259
1.8
Holy Spirit
338
Marikina City
17.1
Fortune
521
19.2
Marikina Heights
215
NI
IA
37
3
72.4
22.2
152
37
10.0
76.0
21
127
76
37
36.2
35.8
161
69
46.7
45.1
208
87
25
Table 13.2 Environmental Management Components

Drainage System
(covered drainage system with
sufficient capacity no flooding)
Solid Waste Disposal

(appropriate waste management
composting / segregation /
recycling)
City/Barangay
MARIKINA
CITY
QUEZON
CITY
Barangay
Fortune
Barangay
Marikina Heights
Barangay
Baesa
Barangay
Holy Spirit
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
A
(%)
NI
(%)
IA
(%)
35.8
63.3
0.9
42.9
32.1
24.9
41.3
58.2
0.5
38.9
50.3
10.9
18.9
80.7
0.5
89.6
6.2
4.3
24.6
71.9
3.6
20.4
15.0
64.7
Table 14 Perceived Priority Problems Ranking

Indicator H. PERCEIVED PRIORITY
PROBLEMS
Quezon City
Baesa
Holy Spirit
Marikina City
Fortune
Marikina Heights
number of
respondents
Housing
Water
Electricity
rank
rank
rank
rank
259
338
2
2
15.7
18.3
1
1
23.8
25.5
5
7
11.4
7.8
7
5
8.7
10.3
521
215
2
2
19.9
16.7
1
1
22.0
23.8
6
6
8.9
9.7
7
7
6.8
7.4
Sanitary
Toilet
rank
%
Quezon City
8
Baesa
259
4.9
8
Holy Spirit
338
4.4
Marikina City
8
Fortune
521
5.3
8
Marikina Heights
215
5.7
LEGEND: RANK. Priority Rank - %. Relative Priority of Each Problem
Chart 9 Perceived Priority Problems - Marikina City
26
Livelihood
Peace and
Order
rank
%
Education
rank
Health
Services
rank
%
3
3
13.3
12.3
6
4
10.1
11.2
4
6
12.1
10.2
5
5
9.5
10.7
3
3
14.7
13.3
4
4
12.8
12.6
Chart 10 Perceived Priority Problems - Quezon City
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

As a significant benefit of the survey, the data sets were transposed into geographic maps to track
the location of the households in adequate and inadequate conditions in terms of the indicators of Goal 7
Target 11. With these maps, the local government of Marikina City and Quezon City can see the red
colored areas marking the inadequate condition and the yellow colored areas marking the adequate
condition within its barangays during the baseline year of monitoring the MDG 7:11.
The baseline data is expected to be used as quantitative targets for local planning on programs,
projects and activities that will reduce the number of households that are inadequate on the specific
indicator, thereby increasing the number of households to 100% that are adequate on that indicator.
Replication of the survey to monitor and measure 7:11 in all barangays will give the city the overall picture
of conditions on the indicators. By subsequent cycles of monitoring, planning and plan implementation,
progress should be tracked such that the geographic maps should register the color yellow for all indicators
by 2020.
The project achieved the preparation of geographic maps on each of the seven indicators for
integration into the Geographic Information System of Marikina City and Quezon City, for designated offices
at city level and the pilot barangays. Samples are shown below on the geographic map for the indicator -security of tenure -- in the four pilot barangays.
27
Figure 3 Geographic Map on the Indicator Security of

Tenure in Fortune, Marikina City
Figure 4 Geographic Map on the Indicator

Security of Tenure in Marikina
Heights, Marikina City
Figure 5 Geographic Map on the Indicator Security

of Tenure in Baesa, Quezon City
Figure 6 Geographic Map on the Indicator

Security of Tenure in Holy Spirit for
Quezon City
28
PART 3
LOCAL PLANNING AND SUSTAINABILITY OF MDG MONITORING
LOCAL PLANNING EXERCISE ON THE 2007 BASELINE DATA
The survey teams of Marikina City and Quezon City participated in data analysis, interpretation,
and validation during workshops. They used the data sets and geographic maps in a planning exercise.
On the other hand, the management team for the project, in the respective cities, also clarified and
validated the survey data, and affirmed as well as the outputs of the survey teams planning exercise.
Furthermore, the management team agreed on the interventions to sustain the Action.
MANDATES AND RATIONALIZED PLANNING ON THE MDGS
The project results consisting of the baseline data, geographic maps, and monitoring templates on
the MDG 7:11 for 2007 can support the local government partners in accomplishing the mandate set forth
by the 1991 Local Government Code. With the devolution of power to local government units, the cities
and barangays carry the responsibilities for their own local development.
In terms of national government relationship with local government, the Department of Interior and
Local Governments Memorandum Circular No. 2004-152 urges local governments (Provincial Governors,
City and Municipal Mayors) to use and even increase their budgets for programs, projects and activities
that will achieve the Millennium Development Goals in their constituencies. The Rationalized Local
Planning System advocated by the DILG calls for a Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Comprehensive
Development Plan that include five development sectors social, economic, physical/ land use,
environmental management, and institutional development.
The local government partners acknowledged that the local indicators, the survey monitoring
reports consisting of the statistical data sets and maps - and the monitoring templates can help Marikina
City and Quezon City in mainstreaming the MDGs in their planning and monitoring systems. The mayors
of cities as well as the department heads and staff in the project management and survey teams
expressed their commitment to sustain the project by pursuing local planning and monitoring on the 2007
survey results. The designated offices will integrate the data sets and templates into the local MIS and
GIS.
LOCAL PLAN COMPONENTS ON MDG 7:11
In the planning exercise, city and barangay participants used the data sets to prepare the
situational analysis, priority and objective setting, with quantitative targets, and other parts of the local
plan. Essentially, it is expected that local planning should include the investment plan to provide the funds
and resources for the MDG 7:11 programs and projects.
ELEMENTS OF THE LOCAL CITY AND BARANGAY PLAN ON MDG 7:11
Situational Analysis
Priorities
Objectives, Targets, Expected Outcomes
Programs/Projects/Activities
o
Per Program/Project/Activity Plan
Objectives, Target, Expected Outcomes
Budget and Other Resources
Investment Plan
Implementation Plan: structure, staff, action steps, schedules
Mandates from Sanggunian Bayan and Barangay councils, Mayors

issuances
Overall Budget and Investment Plan
Implementation Plan
o
Management Structure
o
Policy Framework
Monitoring and Evaluation Plan
29
For situational analysis, quantitative data described the profile of the barangays based on
percentages of households with adequate and inadequate conditions on the indicators. Priorities were
based on indicators with highest percentages of households under inadequate conditions and the topranked community problems in the perception of respondents. For targets, the quantitative data on
inadequate conditions were useful in setting the number of households that should attain the global
standard. Local government participants raised a concern over the use of the global standards compared
to national and local standards, considering the resources of the city. The project team agreed that the
global standard will be used in data analysis, planning and monitoring to determine how the local area
compares with other areas in the global platform, though the local government may prepare their
calculations based on national and local standards.
The percentages in Table 15 below on inadequate conditions were used in the planning exercise
as the quantitative targets on the number and percentage of households to be reached by planned
interventions on the indicators.
Table 15 Targets of Local Planning: Percentages of Households Inadequate on the Indicator
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ACTION

Political Will
Political will refers to the decisions and actions of the local officials to engage in partnership and to
sustain the project beyond the original timeframe. At the beginning of the Action in 2006, the incumbent
mayors of Marikina City and Quezon City -- Mayor Ma. Lourdes C. Fernando and Mayor Feliciano
Belmonte -- and the barangay captains of Baesa and Holy Spirit in Quezon City, Fortune and Marikina
Barangays expressed commitment by signing the Memorandum of Agreement. In the culminating activity,
the statements of Mayor Fernando and Mayor Belmonte expressed commitment to sustain the project in
2007. Furthermore, Mayor Fernando declared the allocation of P1 million as funds for the barangay that
will render the best performance on the MDG 7:11 by the end of 2007.
The actions to be undertaken by the local government by April 2007 are:
1. Integrating the 2007 baseline data and geographic maps as the survey results, and the
monitoring templates into the local Management Information System and Geographic
Information System city and barangay levels.
2. Uploading the 2007 baseline data of the barangays into the global MDGs DevInfo System.
3. Replicating the survey in other barangays to monitor and measure MDG 7:11.
4. Scheduling and conducting periodic MDG 7:11 monitoring (once or twice in three years).
5. Conducting local city and barangay planning using the 2007 baseline data for programs,
projects, activities as interventions, including the investment plan.
6. Retaining and mobilizing the MDG 7:11 management and survey teams, with leadership and
coordination by the designated office at city level (City Planning and Development Office);
30
utilization of the software (data sets, maps, templates) and hardware (computer unit) turned
over by the Action to the city and pilot barangays.
7. Establishing External linkages with non-government organizations and international fund
organizations.
Multi-sectoral Support
ALTERPLAN, the main implementing non-government organization, and the European
Commission Delegation to the Philippines, turned over the data sets, maps, templates, one computer unit
for each of the four pilot barangays, and one laptop computer to each of the two cities at the end of the
project in March 2007. For sustainability, ALTERPLAN has been able to tap external linkages in support of
the sequel of actions on the MDG 7:11 monitoring and planning in Marikina City and Quezon City.
31
PART 4
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
LOCALIZATION OF GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO THE MDGs
The Action of the partners, Local Government Barangay Level Monitoring System
Development: Measuring Goal 7 Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals, in the pilot
barangays and cities, highlights the groundwork on best practices for localizing the global commitment of
the United Nations member states to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2020. Specifically on
Goal 7 (environmental sustainability) Target 11 (significant improvement in the lives of 100 million slum
dwellers by 2020), the Action -- as the project is referred to -- has initiated processes and results for the
baseline year 2007.
Multi-sectoral partnership
Learning experiences from the multi-sectoral partnership of non-government organizations,
academe, city and barangay levels of local government, including organizational mechanisms and
implementation processes, may be replicated in the sequel of actions in the pilot sites and replicated in the
other sites. An NGO, ALTERPLAN, took the lead, with support from the European Commission
Delegation to the Philippines, and institutional support of local executives, local council, management team
and survey team from city departments and barangay officials and survey team. The LGUs may take the
initiative to be the lead organization for another modality, that is, LGU-initiated and directed, adapting the
processes deployed in this project and research.
Participatory process
The Action took effect by participatory process throughout the stages of the project and research
design, by consultation meetings and workshops among local decision makers and MDG 7:11 project
management and survey teams.
Capacity-building
The methodology of the Action aimed at and achieved the capacity building of both human
resources and information infrastructure of the pilot cities and barangays.
For Marikina City, a total of 52 of 61 participants completed the most number of workshops and 32
assisted in the survey processes. For Quezon City, 37 of 50 participants completed the most number of
workshops and 24 joined the survey. They were awarded certifications of participation in the culminating
activity. Participant observers from other barangays joined to learn the process for possible replication in
their areas.
For capacity-building of the city and barangay information system, the project turned over the
survey data sets, monitoring templates, geographic maps, one computer per barangay and lap top to
each city.
Governance Qualities and Best Practices for the MDGs
The pilot cities were selected for their track record in housing programs for the urban poor informal
settlers. For this Action on the MDG 7:11, the LGUs of Marikina City and Quezon City exhibited facilitative
behaviors. The experiences provide the initial groundwork for best practices and governance qualities of
the local government units for MDGs monitoring.
32
Political Will. It is significant that the city and barangay officials demonstrated political will by their
decisions and policy issuances to carry out the terms of the partnership and to sustain the project
beyond the timeframe, and transparency by allowing the data sets to be published and
disseminated.
Management Mechanisms. Specifically, the local government units organized the MDG 7:11
project management and survey teams. The same department heads and staff participated in the
processes from start to end, thereby effectively facilitating project and research implementation.
Participant observers from other barangays were involved for possible replication in their areas.
Sustainability Actions. The cities and barangays expressed commitment to sustain the project
through their own efforts and resources. They will integrate the MDG 7:11 data sets, maps,
templates into their Management and Geographic Information Systems, conduct local level
planning and plan implementation on the 2007 baseline data, upload data sets of barangays into
the DEVINFO global platform, replicate in at least one or two other barangays in the city, conduct
periodic monitoring till 2020, and sustain the management and survey teams.
LOCAL INDICATORS
It is significant that the global indicators (access to water, access to sanitation, security of tenure,
and durability of housing, sufficient living space) and global standards were locally accepted, validated and
applied in the pilot cities and barangays. Furthermore, the local government participants used the local
units of measure for the indicators, as well as added the following indicators: environmental management,
access to other services, and perceived community development problems. Results of applying global
indicators and standards on local conditions gave the local participants insights into their comparable
global standing, even as they also would like to look at their standing based on national and local
standards and compare.
SURVEY RESEARCH DESIGN, FRAMEWORK, METHODOLOGY, RESULTS
The survey research constitutes an essential part of monitoring and measuring the MDG 7:11.
The strategy is evidence-based planning to achieve 7:11, for which the survey is needed to produce
quantitative baseline data, including participatory and capacity building processes for local government
participants. The conceptual framework inter-relates the global commitment of the state, national and local
administration, local governance, human development, and gender development. The operationalization
and measurement of environment and shelter conditions are based on the global standards for each of the
components per indicator. The research reports generated include tabular and graphical data sets and
geographic maps that will allow the local governments to see the proportion of households in their areas
that are adequate and inadequate in terms of the indicators.
CONTRIBUTION TO LOCALIZATION PROCESS AND METHODOLOGY
While the literature on MDGs localization in other countries (UN Habitat) guided the Action at its
project conceptualization, new elements and process flow were introduced to highlight the modality of a
multisectoral partnership, NGO-initiated monitoring, LGU-sustained monitoring, involving five stages: (1)
engaging local government political will and partnership; (2) capacity-building of local government human
resources and systems; (3) survey research design; (4) information system installation; (5) local planning
and sustainability. In effect, a modality of participatory action research was accomplished as groundwork
for continuous monitoring, planning and action on MDG 7:11.
The publications derived from the experiences with this modality are: (1) Process Guide: Local
Government Barangay Level Monitoring System Development Measuring Goal 7 Target 11 of the
Millennium Development Goals and (2) Local Government Barangay Level Monitoring System
Development Measuring Goal 7 Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals (Project and Research
Results).
REPLICATION AND SUSTAINABILITY
During the Actions culminating activity in March 2007, the incumbent local chief executives of the
pilot cities announced their commitment to undertake the recommended actions for sustaining the project
on the local governments resources. Marikina City Mayor Fernando announced the allocation of P1 million
for the barangay with the best performance on the MDGs by December 2007. The risks of political
leadership transition were considered as the incumbent mayors would run for their last term of office in the
May 2007 elections. Two barangays offered to do replication. A non-government organization, the
Philippine Support Services Agency, and an international development organization, the UNDP Habitat,
33
expressed support for the sequel of activities in the pilot cities and new barangay sites. ALTERPLAN
pursues its organizational mandate of working on shelter issues, with cooperation from its partners.
Uploading the results on the global MDGs platform will allow the Action to be shared with other
interested parties. Sharing of learnings from other monitoring and planning initiatives on Goal 7 Target 11
and other goals and targets in the MDGs will be beneficial for replication processes and for improving the
instruments or tools and processes.
34
ANNEX A
SPEECHES OF PARTNERS AT
PROJECTS CULMINATING ACTIVITY
Speech of Head of the Delegation of the
European Commission to the Philippines
His Excellency, Ambassador Alistair MacDonald
Local Government Barangay Level
Monitoring System Development, ALTERPLAN
Astoria Plaza, 27 March 2007
Madame Mayor, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen
Im delighted to be with you today, to acknowledge the excellent work which you have accomplished under
this Barangay Development Monitoring Project
As you know, the project has received support through the ECs Small Projects Facility, a grant
programme designed to support high-impact initiatives of mutual interest to the Philippines and the
European Union. With a grant of some 65,000 (approx PHP 4.2m), the project addresses a key priority
area of the SPF programme, identified jointly with the Government of the Philippines, namely support for
local monitoring systems for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
If they are to be achieved, the MDGs need to be the concern of all citizens. Local Governments are closest
to the people, and are therefore the most appropriate channels for raising awareness, monitoring
progress, and implementing solutions. Several government agencies have promoted MDG localization,
and many LGUs have risen to the challenge.
However, despite the efforts of government and non-state actors, some of which have produced excellent
best-practice models in the area of housing for the poor, we are still not likely to fully reach MDG target 11
(which, globally, is to achieve significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by
2020).
Housing, Habitat, matters, because it relates first and foremost to the basic human need for shelter. It also
has consequences for environmental sustainability, which in turn relates to health issues deriving from
unsanitary living conditions.
From a human development perspective, social marginalization is the underlying issue of slums: social
services are not available and basic infrastructure is not there. Public investment for these services and
infrastructure, under pressure to maximize economic return on land, often entails relocation outside of the
urban center; however this reinforces social exclusion, by moving the poor away from sources of jobs and
livelihood activities.
Evidence throughout the world suggests that a socially and economically diverse urban fabric increases
the quality of life in cities for all urban dwellers, which supports the case for considering human
settlements from a socially inclusive perspective. Real improvements in the lives of the urban poor and
slum dwellers, as called for by the MDGs, would generate important social and economical benefits for the
whole city.
The monitoring system developed and applied under this project can be an important step towards
breaking the social marginalization of slum dwellers in Quezon City and in Marikina, and can be replicated
in other areas. By establishing a comprehensive and measurable picture of the shelter and human
development situation in these cities, this monitoring system will help local and national governments to
design and implement egalitarian urban development strategies that will help the Philippines reverse the
trend and ultimately reach this crucial Millennium Development Goal.
Ladies and Gentlemen, the European Commission is glad to have been able to help you in your efforts.
But the real effort, and the real success, is that which comes from the work put in by all those involved. So,
and most importantly, I really want to thank all of those here today, and all of those who worked so hard to
make the project a success. Maraming salamat po, sa yung trabajo!
35
TALKING POINTS FOR QUEZON CITY MAYOR FELICIANO BELMONTE, JR.

Culminating Activity for the Turn over of the
Local Government Barangay Level Monitoring System Development Program
Organized by the Alternative Planning Initiatives (ALTERPLAN)
March 27, 2007, 9:30 am, Astoria Plaza (3rd Floor New York Function room)
Escriva Dive (formerly Amber Avenue), Ortigas Centre, Pasig City
Ambassador Alistair MacDonald, Mayor Marides Fernando, Arch. Sarah Redoblado, ladies and
gentlemen.
In almost any area of governance, partnerships matter they add strength and impact through a
complement of resources and expertise, information and knowledge.
Thus, I would like to thank our partners, the European Commission and the Alternative Planning
Initiatives, for this project to strengthen the capacity of our local barangays to assist in monitoring the
attainment of Target 11 of the Millennium Development Goals.
For city as large as Quezon City, with its 2.4 million populations, of which about 150.000 families
are poor, attainment of the Target 11 goal, which is achieve by 2020 a significant improvement in the lives
of its thousands of slum dwellers, is a huge challenge. But it is a target that every city should net because
it means attaining the quality of life that all are entitled to.
This project to acquire the technology to monitor the improvement in the quality of life of these
families is very useful at measuring movements toward this goal. It will provide part of the data base that
we need to help tailor fit m more precisely, programs on social, health, and shelter development. This
will allow us to be more focused in our program formulation and reach, as ell as allow us to combine in the
most responsive proportion our package of services for specific target beneficiaries.
Also, the project hews nicely with our own capacity building programs to strengthen the capability
of our barangays officials to become effective, autonomous managers in their own communities. They
already have full fiscal control, and figure significantly in every component of public service in their
localities.
We hope this tie up with EC and Alterplan will lead to a multiple of productive other beginnings.
For Quezon City, responding to him needs of the poor create demands of resources that tare formidable. It
has pushed us to come up with innovative approaches to find new, more effective solutions to old problem.
And we are looking forward to partnerships that an add to this pool of innovation and expertise.
Thank you very much and good morning!
36
MAYOR MARIDES C. FERNANDO BRIEF MESSAGE

Local Government Barangay Level
Monitoring System Development, ALTERPLAN
Astoria Plaza, 27 March 2007
We operate with the principle that everything that we do in our city should be measured and that
whatever is measured gets attention.
Adopting and applying a well-conceived monitoring system to track the implementation of Local
Development Plan and the progress of Millennium Development Goals are indeed reflection of
responsible and accountable governance. We simply cannot make presumptions that everything is well
with what are taking place on the ground because of erudite planning. There has to be a sound monitoring
tool with which we can accurately assess our performance as well as well as gasps that we need to focus
on. Cities that are doing well across the world are those which are acknowledge benchmarks in sound
urban planning and monitoring like. Singapore, Vancouver, Bogota (Columbia) to name a few. These
are cities whose plans and actions are dictated by development indicators.
We are thankful for the ALTERPLAN for considering Marikina as one of its pilot cities. The results
of the census survey conducted in the settlement areas of the projects two pilot barangays, namely:
Barangays Marikina Heights and Fortune yielded important indicators with respect to access to water,
access to sanitation, security of tenure, durability of housing, sufficient living space, environmental
management and access to other services. For the barangays our sanitation and peace and order
programs are working well. Access to electricity, marketplace, and educational institutions also rated high.
The most problematic is durability of housing which is understandable since the beneficiaries of
our citys settlements program took care of the construction of their respective houses. The challenge for
our city is to get the resident of these settlements sites to retrofit their houses to improve their structural
soundness. We have perceived this problem since 2003. The inadequacy of living space is also high in
both barangays. What is more revealing is the disclosure that while virtually all houses in the pilot
barangays have city water connection theres hardly any water coming out of the faucets of those houses
situated in elevated areas. With regard to security of tenure, the city has to double its efforts in the light of
the survey results where a high 55% and 35% in Barangays Fortune and Marikina Heights, respectively,
revealed that their papers are still in process with the Community Mortgage Program. It is imperative for us
to look into this and take appropriate steps so as not to hamper our efforts towards our grand vision of a
Squatter Free Marikina.
There is conformity between perceived priority programs and those which are part of our citys
priority thrusts in the delivery of programs and services, namely: livelihood, housing, education,
(particularly tertiary education) and health. Livelihood which ranks high in the survey in terms of priority,
takes prominence in our development agenda as evidenced by our ambitious target of One Job, One
Family and by our vigorous efforts at luring new investors to generate employment and livelihood
opportunities. Our city is poise to integrate the data generated from the census survey into our baseline
information for planning and decision-making. All these shall be integrated in our Management
Information System so it can easily be accessed by other units of city hall. We shall designate
appropriate offices to take the lead role in replicating the project in other barangays, and in monitoring
various aspects of MDG. We shall always give premium on poverty focused programs. This is subsumed
in our advocacy for Millennium Development Goals.
We look forward to an equally productive partnership with ALTERPLAN for our two successor
barangays. The projects outputs provide additional impetus to our quest for a better Marikina.
Thank you.
37

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EU - SPF

LOCAL GOVERNMENT BARANGAY LEVEL

LOCAL GOVERNMENT BARANGAY LEVEL

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Survey Design and Process

SURVEY RESULTS AND DATA ANALYSIS: THE 2007 BASELINE

Local Planning and Sustainability of MDG Monitoring

Summary and Conclusions

Speeches of the Partners at the Project Culminating Activity

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Marikina Sampling Size

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Local Government Unit

Millennium Development Goals

Millennium Development Goal 7 (Ensure Environmental Sustainability) Target 11

Management Information System

Geographic Information System

Alternative Planning Initiatives, Inc.

Non Governmental Organizations

Department of Interior and Local Government

Transfer Certificate of Title

Community Mortgage Program

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Legislation and policy

Local legislation and policy on

Local plan implementation

Capacity Building and

Human resources for

Monitoring System and

Monitoring on MDG 7:11

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Stage 1: Forging co-ownership and

Stage 2: Capacity building and

Consultations among partners on overall

Conduct of capacity building workshops

Stage 3: Participatory Field Survey

Verification, validation of data for

Stage 4: Data Reporting and Analysis:

Data encoding: MS Access

Stage 5: Local Planning based on

Local action planning exercise on the

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

PROJECT OUTCOMES AND GROUNDWORK FOR BEST PRACTICES

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Sample size at 10% of 7,577 = 758

758 (5,212) = 521 survey sample size

Total number of households in Marikina City = 758

Table 2 Quezon City sampling size

Sample size at 20% of 3,182 = 636

636 (1,294) = 259 survey sample size

Total number of households in Quezon City= 636

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

Random Sampling and Proportional Allocation

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Summary table on four barangays on all indicators

Ma. Lourdes G. Rebullida, DPA et al

*Excellent; **High and Good; *** Medium and Poor

Table 4.2 Barangay Profiles on Access to Other Services

Barangay Monitoring MDG 7:11 Project and Study Results 2007

Excellent; High and Good; Medium and Poor